Digital Commons Network^™

Comparison Of Carbon Nutrition For Pathogenic And Commensal ,Escherichia Coli Strains In The Mouse Intestine, Andrew J. Fabich, Shari A. Jones, Fatema Z. Chowdhury, Amanda Cernosek, April Anderson, Darren Smalley, J. Wesley Mchargue, G. Aaron Hightower, Joel T. Smith, Steven M. Autieri, Mary P. Leatham, Jeremy J. Lins, Regina L. Allen, David C. Laux, Paul S. Cohen, Tyrrell Conway

Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty Publications

The carbon sources that support the growth of pathogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the mammalian intestine have not previously been investigated. In vivo, the pathogenic E. coli EDL933 grows primarily as single cells dispersed within the mucus layer that overlies the mouse cecal epithelium. We therefore compared the pathogenic strain and the commensal E. coli strain MG1655 modes of metabolism in vitro, using a mixture of the sugars known to be present in cecal mucus, and found that the two strains used the 13 sugars in a similar order and cometabolized as many as 9 sugars at a time. We …

Identification And Characterization Of A Repeat-In-Toxin Gene Cluster In Vibrio Anguillarum, Ling Li, Jessica L. Rock, David R. Nelson

Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty Publications

Vibrio anguillarum is the causative agent of vibriosis in fish. Hemolysins of V. anguillarum have been considered virulence factors during infection. One hemolysin gene, vah1, has been previously identified but does not account for all hemolytic activity. The mini-Tn10Km mutagenesis performed with a vah1 mutant resulted in a hemolysin-negative mutant. The region surrounding the mutation was cloned and sequenced, revealing a putative rtx operon with six genes (rtxACHBDE), where rtxA encodes an exotoxin, rtxC encodes an RtxA activator, rtxH encodes a conserved hypothetical protein, and rtxBDE encode the ABC transporters. Single mutations in rtx genes …

Why Is International Law Binding?, Anthony D'Amato

Faculty Working Papers

Many writers believe that international law is precatory but not "binding" in the way domestic law is binding. Since international law derives from the practice of states, how is it that what states do becomes what they must do? How do we get bindingness or normativity out of empirical fact? We have to avoid the Humean fallacy of attempting to derive an ought from an is. Yet we can find in nature at least one norm that is compelling: the norm of survival. This norm is hardwired into our brains through evolution. It is also hardwired into the international legal …

Spatial And Temporal Expression Profiling Of Cell-Wall Invertase Genes During Early Development In Hybrid Poplar, Thomas Canam, Sarah W.Y. Mak, Shawn D. Mansfield

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Cell-wall invertase genes are spatially and temporally regulated in several plant species, including Daucus carota L., Lycopersicon esculentum L. and Solanum tuberosum L. However, few studies of cell-wall invertase genes of trees have been conducted, despite the importance of trees as a source of lignocellulosic biopolymers.We identified three putative cell-wall invertase genes in hybrid poplar (Populus alba L. × grandidentata Michx.) that showed higher homology to each other than to cell-wall invertases of other dicotyledonous species, with two of the genes (Pa×gINV2 and Pa×gINV3) appearing as a genomic tandem repeat. These genes are more similar to each other than to …

Phylogenetic Utility Of Ycf1 In Orchids: A Plastid Gene More Variable Than Matk, Kurt M. Neubig, W. Mark Whitten, Barbara S. Carlsward, Mario A. Blanco, Lorena Endara, Norris H. Williams, Michael Moore

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Plastid DNA sequences have been widely used by systematists for reconstructing plant phylogenies. The utility of any DNA region for phylogenetic analysis is determined by ease of amplification and sequencing, confidence of assessment in phylogenetic character alignment, and by variability across broad taxon sampling. Often, a compromise must be made between using relatively highly conserved coding regions or highly variable introns and intergenic spacers. Analyses of a combination of these types of DNA regions yield phylogenetic structure at various levels of a tree (i.e., along the spine and at the tips of the branches). Here, we demonstrate the phylogenetic utility …

Scale-Dependent Habitat Use By Fall Migratory Birds: Vegetation Architecture, Floristics, And Geographic Consistency, Jill Deppe, John Rotenberry

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Animal habitat selection is a central focus of ecology and conservation biology. Understanding habitat associations in migratory animals is particularly complicated because individuals have variable habitat requirements during the annual cycle, across their geographic range, along migratory routes, and at multiple spatial scales. We studied habitat associations of 16 fall Nearctic–Neotropical migratory land birds at two spatial scales at a stopover site along the northern Yucatan coast to examine scale-dependent habitat use, identify proximate cues shaping birds' distributions, and evaluate similarities in habitat use between our tropical stopover site and temperate sites. We addressed scale-dependent habitat associations in two ways, …

Molybdate Treatment And Sulfate Starvation Decrease Atp And Dna Levels In Ferroplasma Acidarmanus, Kai Hung

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Sulfate is a primary source of sulfur for most microbes and in some prokaryotes it is used an electron acceptor. The acidophile Ferroplasma acidarmanus (strain fer1) requires a minimum of 150 mM of a sulfate-containing salt for growth. Sulfate is assimilated by F. acidarmanus into proteins and reduced to form the volatile organic sulfur compounds methanethiol and dimethyldisulfide. In the absence of sulfate, cell death occurs by an unknown mechanism. In this study, cell viability and genomic DNA and ATP contents of F. acidarmanus were monitored in response to the absence of sulfate or the presence of sulfate and the …

Molybdate Treatment And Sulfate Starvation Decrease Atp And Dna Levels In Ferroplasma Acidarmanus, Kai F. Hung

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Sulfate is a primary source of sulfur for most microbes and in some prokaryotes it is used an electron acceptor. The acidophile Ferroplasma acidarmanus (strain fer1) requires a minimum of 150 mM of a sulfate-containing salt for growth. Sulfate is assimilated by F. acidarmanus into proteins and reduced to form the volatile organic sulfur compounds methanethiol and dimethyldisulfide. In the absence of sulfate, cell death occurs by an unknown mechanism. In this study, cell viability and genomic DNA and ATP contents of F. acidarmanus were monitored in response to the absence of sulfate or the presence of sulfate and the …

Simulating The Effects Of Wetland Loss And Inter-Annual Variability On The Fitness Of Migratory Bird Species, Jill L. Deppe, James A. Smith

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Long-distance migratory shorebirds require wetland stopover sites where they can forage and deposit sufficient fat to complete their migration and, in the spring, reproduce. Conservation biologists are concerned that continental-scale reductions in wetland availability and quality due to human disturbance, climate change, and natural drought events are negatively impacting these species by eliminating critical stopovers along migratory flyways. We describe an individual-based migration model driven by remotely sensed land surface data, climate data assimilation models, and biological field data to examine the impact of changing environmental conditions on migration routes, temporal patterns, and fitness. We used an evolutionary programming approach …

Vegetative Anatomy Of Calypsoeae (Orchidaceae), William Louis Stern, Barbara S. Carlsward

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Calypsoeae represent a small tribe of anatomically little-known orchids with a wide distribution in the Western Hemisphere. Leaves are present in all genera, except Corallorhiza and Wullschlaegelia both of which are subterranean taxa. Stomata are abaxial (ad- and abaxial in Aplectrum) and tetracytic (anomocytic in Calypso). Fiber bundles are absent in leaves of all taxa examined except Govenia tingens. Stegmata are present in leaves of only Cremastra and Govenia. Roots are velamentous, except in filiform roots of Wullschlaegelia. Vegetative anatomy supports a relationship between Wullschlaegelia and Corallorhiza but does not support the grouping of winter-leaved Aplectrum and Tipularia nor proposed …

Phylogenetic Utility Of Ycf1 In Orchids: A Plastid Gene More Variable Than Matk, Kurt Neubig, W. Whitten, Barbara Carlsward, Mario Blanco, Lorena Endara, Norris Williams, Michael Moore

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Plastid DNA sequences have been widely used by systematists for reconstructing plant phylogenies. The utility of any DNA region for phylogenetic analysis is determined by ease of amplification and sequencing, confidence of assessment in phylogenetic character alignment, and by variability across broad taxon sampling. Often, a compromise must be made between using relatively highly conserved coding regions or highly variable introns and intergenic spacers. Analyses of a combination of these types of DNA regions yield phylogenetic structure at various levels of a tree (i.e., along the spine and at the tips of the branches). Here, we demonstrate the phylogenetic utility …

Is Cd117 Expression Related With Plasma Cell Differentiation, Irf4/Mum1 And Cd38 Expressions In Lymphoid Neoplasms?, Gülşah Kaygusuz, Işinsu Kuzu, Saba Ki̇remi̇tçi̇, Duygu Kankaya, Zeynep Biyikli

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: In this study, we aimed to assess the expression of CD117 in a large series of both Hodgkin´s and non-Hodgkin´s lymphoma, and to investigate the association between the expression patterns of CD117, IRF4/MUM1, and CD38. Materials and Methods: A total of 237 lymphoma cases were selected and examined within six tissue microarray paraffin blocks. Immunohistochemistry was performed using antibodies against CD117, IRF4/MUM1 and CD38. Results: CD117 and IRF4/MUM1 immunoreactivity were seen in a subset of high-grade and low-grade B-cell lymphomas, as well as T-cell lymphomas and classical type Hodgkin´s lymphomas. CD38 positivity was only detected in 1% of diffuse …

The Effect Of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (Cape) Treatment On Levels Of Mda, No And Antioxidant Enzyme Activities In Retinas Of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats, Mustafa Durmuş, H. Ramazan Yilmaz, Efkan Uz, Nurten Özçeli̇k

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: This study was performed to determine the effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) treatment on levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) and activities of antioxidant enzymes in retinas of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven rats were enrolled and divided into three groups: group 1: non-diabetic rats as control (n = 9); group 2: STZ-induced, untreated diabetic rats (n = 8); and group 3: STZ-induced, CAPE-treated diabetic rats (n = 10). Levels of MDA and NO and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in retinal tissues were analyzed. Results: In …

Total Antioxidant Capacity And C-Reactive Protein Levels In Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Ahmet Bi̇rcan, Recep Sütçü, Müni̇re Gökirmak, Hi̇cran Hi̇çyilmaz, Ahmet Akkaya, Önder Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress measured by serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and to evaluate their possible correlation with the serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and pneumonia severity index (PSI). Materials and Methods: The PSI, chest X-ray (CXR) scores, and the serum TAC, MDA, and CRP levels were determined in 67 CAP patients on admission and compared to 45 healthy controls. Results: In the whole study population, the TAC level was inversely correlated with CRP levels and WBC counts (r=-0.648, P=0.0001; r=-0.626, P=0.0001, respectively). Lower …

2007-2008 Nsu Sharks Men's And Women's Golf Media Guide, Nova Southeastern University

NSU Athletics Sports Programs and Media Guides

No abstract provided.

University Of Southern Maine Undergraduate Catalog 2008-2009, University Of Southern Maine

Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Accelerated Exchange Of Exon Segments In Viperid Three-Finger Toxin Genes (Sistrurus Catenatus Edwardsii; Desert Massasauga), Robin Doley, Susanta Pahari, Stephen P. Mackessy, Manjunatha Kini

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Snake venoms consist primarily of proteins and peptides showing a myriad of potent biological activities which have been shaped by both adaptive and neutral selective forces. Venom proteins are encoded by multigene families that have evolved through a process of gene duplication followed by accelerated evolution in the protein coding region. RESULTS: Here we report five gene structures of three-finger toxins from a viperid snake, Sistrurus catenatus edwardsii. These toxin genes are structured similarly to elapid and hydrophiid three-finger toxin genes, with two introns and three exons. Both introns and exons show distinct patterns of segmentation, and the insertion/deletion …

Volume 14, Number 1: February/March 2008, Suzanne Zack

UConn Libraries Newsletter

Page 2 - The vice provost for University Libraries examines what the Libraries are doing to support the University’s new academic plan.

Page 2 - Poems and papers belonging to Louise Gaffney Flannigan, sister and wife to brakemen for the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad, who served as poetess of the Brotherhood of Railroad Brakemen Lodge No. 201.

Page 3 - Werner Pfeiffer, an artist whose book sculpture “Endangered Species” will be permanently installed in Bookworms Café is profiled.

Page 5 - The director of the Women’s Center traces the beginnings of the Center 35 years ago and …

The First Amendment And The Dissemination Of Socially Worthless Untruths, Steven G. Gey

Florida State University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Innovators And Imitators: An Analysis Of Proposed Legislation Implementing An Abbreviated Approval Pathway For Follow-On Biologics In The United States, Donna M. Gitter

Florida State University Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Identifiability Bias In Environmental Law, Shi-Ling Hsu

Florida State University Law Review

No abstract provided.

2008 Ruby Yearbook, Kristen Jennings Hildebrand, Ursinus College Senior Class

The Ruby Yearbooks, 1897-2020

A digitized copy of the 2008 Ruby, the Ursinus College yearbook.

Board Of Regents Meeting Materials, October 24, 2008, Eastern Michigan University

Board of Regents Meeting Materials

No abstract provided.

Exemplar, Winter 2008, Eastern Michigan University

Alumni News: Eastern Magazine

No abstract provided.

Exemplar, Spring/Summer 2008, Eastern Michigan University

Alumni News: Eastern Magazine

No abstract provided.

Exemplar, Fall 2008, Eastern Michigan University

Alumni News: Eastern Magazine

No abstract provided.

Models And Paradigms In Kuhn And Halloun, Paul J. Wendel

Education Faculty Scholarship & Creative Works

In Modeling Theory in Science Education, Halloun (2004) adopts the word ‘paradigm’, but his use of the term is radically different from that of Kuhn. In this paper, I explore some of the differences between Kuhn’s paradigms and Halloun’s paradigms. Where Kuhn’s paradigms are public, community-defining exemplars of practice, Halloun’s paradigms are private, individualized ways of thinking. Where Kuhn writes of the paradigm shift as a revolutionary, vision-altering conversion experience, Halloun writes of a gradual evolution from one way of thinking to another and an easy back-and-forth switch between paradigms. Since …

An In Vitro Method Of Alcoholic Liver Injury Using Precision-Cut Liver Slices From Rats, Lynell W. Klassen, Geoffrey M. Thiele, Michael J. Duryee, Courtney S. Schaffert, Amy L. Deveney, Carlos D. Hunter, Peter Olinga, Dean J. Tuma

United States Department of Veterans Affairs: Publications

Alcohol abuse results in liver injury, but investigations into the mechanism(s) for this injury have been hampered by the lack of appropriate in vitro culture models in which to conduct in depth and specific studies. In order to overcome these shortcomings, we have developed the use of precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) as an in vitro culture model in which to investigate how ethanol causes alcohol-induced liver injury. In these studies, it was shown that the PCLS retained excellent viability as determined by lactate dehydrogenase and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels over a 96-h period of incubation. More importantly, the major enzymes …

Tr-2008015: An Efficient Heuristic For The Tree Alignment Problem, Andrés Varón, Ward Wheeler, Amotz Bar-Noy

Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Tr-2008011: Contrast Transfer Function Correction In Electron Microscopy, Joanna Klukowska

Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.