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2008

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Articles 13201 - 13230 of 15506

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Cover And Contents Jan 2008

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

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Feeding And Foraging Behaviour In Two Coccinellid Predators: Scymnus Levaillanti Muls. And Cycloneda Sanguinea L., Ali̇ Arda Işikber Jan 2008

Feeding And Foraging Behaviour In Two Coccinellid Predators: Scymnus Levaillanti Muls. And Cycloneda Sanguinea L., Ali̇ Arda Işikber

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Predatory behaviour, prey consumption, and foraging cycle of adults and larvae of Scymnus levaillanti Muls. and Cycloneda sanguinea L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were investigated using a video/computer recording and measurement system. Larvae of S. levaillanti spent more time in feeding activities compared to C. sanguinea. Adults of both S. levaillanti and C. sanguinea spent more time in non-feeding activities (digestion and cleaning) compared to their larvae whilst adults of S. levaillanti spent less time in non-feeding activities than those of C. sanguinea. Generally, larvae and adults of both coccinellid species spent most of their time in non-feeding activities. Although S. levaillanti …

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Impact Of Long-Term Application Of Treated Tannery Effluents On The Emergence Of Resistance Traits In Rhizobium Sp. Isolated From Trifolium Alexandrinum, Mohd. Musheer Altaf, Farhana Masood, Abdul Malik Jan 2008

Impact Of Long-Term Application Of Treated Tannery Effluents On The Emergence Of Resistance Traits In Rhizobium Sp. Isolated From Trifolium Alexandrinum, Mohd. Musheer Altaf, Farhana Masood, Abdul Malik

Turkish Journal of Biology

A total of 35 Rhizobium sp. were isolated from the root nodules of Trifolium alexandrinum (Egyptian clover) irrigated with treated tannery effluents and characterised on the basis of morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. Rhizospheric soils and plant parts were also analysed for metal concentrations by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The test soil samples were contaminated with a high level of chromium and also with other heavy metals, i.e. Ni, Zn, Cu, and Cd. The heavy metal analysis of Trifolium alexandrinum plant parts revealed different accumulation of these metals in different plant parts, such as root, stem, and leaf. Trifolium alexandrinum roots …

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Plant Growth Promoting Properties Of Rhizobacteria Isolated From Wheat And Pea Grown In Loamy Sand Soil, Dilfuza Egamberdieva Jan 2008

Plant Growth Promoting Properties Of Rhizobacteria Isolated From Wheat And Pea Grown In Loamy Sand Soil, Dilfuza Egamberdieva

Turkish Journal of Biology

Microbes are important catalysts to regulate functional properties of terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, rhizosphere and phyllosphere bacteria were isolated from wheat and peas and examined for their plant growth promoting properties. The effects of bacterial inoculants on the growth of peas and wheat were studied in a series of pot experiments using loamy sand soil. The results showed that the colonisation of bacteria was higher in the rhizosphere as compared to the phyllosphere of both plants. Bacterial strains were identified as Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Kocuria, and Microbacterium, and Cellulomonas species. The response of wheat and peas when inoculated with bacteria …

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Effect Of Modes Of Application Of 28-Homobrassinolide On Mung Bean, Qazi Fariduddin, Syed Aiman Hasan, Barket Ali, Shamsul Hayat, Aqil Ahmad Jan 2008

Effect Of Modes Of Application Of 28-Homobrassinolide On Mung Bean, Qazi Fariduddin, Syed Aiman Hasan, Barket Ali, Shamsul Hayat, Aqil Ahmad

Turkish Journal of Biology

An experiment was conducted to assess the response of mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) to 28-homobrassinolide (HBL) supplied to the seeds (1.0 µM) and/or to the foliage (0.01 µM) of the plants. Samples of the treated plant materials were assessed 30 and 50 days after sowing (DAS). It was observed that the activities of carbonic anhydrase (CA) and nitrate reductase (NR), leaf chlorophyll content (Chl), net photosynthetic rate (P_N), stomatal conductance (gs), carboxylation efficiency (CE), dry mass (DM), pod number, and seed yield at harvest increased significantly over the control, irrespective of the mode of application. However, the plants …

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Effects Of Drought Stress On Soluble Proteins In Two Maize Varieties, Nayer Mohammadkhani, Reza Heidari Jan 2008

Effects Of Drought Stress On Soluble Proteins In Two Maize Varieties, Nayer Mohammadkhani, Reza Heidari

Turkish Journal of Biology

Drought stress was generated by PEG 6000. Water potentials were: zero as the control, and -0.15, -0.49, -1.03, and -1.76 MPa as treatments. After 24-h treatment the total soluble protein content of 2 maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars (704 and 301) was determined and SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis in the first dimension was performed. By decreasing water potentials, total soluble protein content first increased, and then decreased in the roots and leaves of both varieties. The decrease in total soluble protein content in the roots of both varieties was equal, but in the leaves of cv. 301 it was greater than …

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Antioxidant Activities Of Iranian Corn Silk, Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh, Fereshteh Pourmorad, Samira Hafezi Jan 2008

Antioxidant Activities Of Iranian Corn Silk, Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh, Fereshteh Pourmorad, Samira Hafezi

Turkish Journal of Biology

Traditionally corn silk (CS) has been used as diuretic, antilithiasic, uricosuric, and antiseptic. It is used for the treatment of edema as well as for cystitis, gout, kidney stones, nephritis, and prostatitis. In the present study, the antioxidant properties of ethanol-water extract from CS were estimated by different methods. Also phenol and flavonoid content of the extract were measured by Folin Ciocalteu and AlCl_3 assays. CS extract contained a significant amount of phenol and flavonoids. The percentage of DPPH radical scavenged by CS extract was 92.6 at a concentration of 1.6 mg ml^{-1}. IC_{50} of the extract and the standard …

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Antioxidant Activity Of Some Common Plants, Nooman A. Khalaf, Ashok K. Shakya, Atif Al-Othman, Zaha El-Agbar, Husni Farah Jan 2008

Antioxidant Activity Of Some Common Plants, Nooman A. Khalaf, Ashok K. Shakya, Atif Al-Othman, Zaha El-Agbar, Husni Farah

Turkish Journal of Biology

The methanolic crude extracts of some commonly used medicinal plants were screened for their free radical scavenging properties using ascorbic acid as standard antioxidant. Free radical scavenging activity was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical. The overall antioxidant activity of green tea (Camellia sinensis Linn.) was the strongest, followed in descending order by black tea (Camellia sinensis Linn.), Eugenia caryophyllus (Spreng.) Bullock and Harrison, Piper cubeba Linn., Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Piper nigrum Linn. Trigonella foenum graecum Linn. and Elettaria cardamomum (Linn.) Maton showed weak free radical scavenging activity with the DPPH method. All the methanolic extracts exhibited antioxidant activity …

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Antibacterial Activities Of Aqueous And Alcoholic Extracts Of 34 Indian Medicinal Plants Against Some Staphylococcus Species, Jigna Parekh, Sumitra Chanda Jan 2008

Antibacterial Activities Of Aqueous And Alcoholic Extracts Of 34 Indian Medicinal Plants Against Some Staphylococcus Species, Jigna Parekh, Sumitra Chanda

Turkish Journal of Biology

Thirty-four Indian medicinal plants belonging to 28 different families were screened for potential antibacterial activity against 3 Staphylococcus species, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus subflava. Antibacterial activity of aqueous and alcoholic extracts was performed by agar disc diffusion method and agar well diffusion method. The alcoholic extracts were more active than aqueous extracts for all the plants studied. The most susceptible bacterium was S. aureus. The methanol extract of Woodfordia fruticosa showed the best antibacterial activity. The in vitro susceptibility testing of the studied staphylococcus strains was done against standard antibiotics.

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Cover And Contents Jan 2008

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Biology

No abstract provided.

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Cover And Contents Jan 2008

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Biology

No abstract provided.

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Lead-Induced Cytotoxicity And Mutagenicity In Grass Pea, Girjesh Kumar, Ritambhara Tripathi Jan 2008

Lead-Induced Cytotoxicity And Mutagenicity In Grass Pea, Girjesh Kumar, Ritambhara Tripathi

Turkish Journal of Biology

Chromosomal variation is an important tool in genetic analysis. The objectives of the present study were to determine the mutagenic potential of lead (Pb) on the meiotic cells of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) and to determine the maximum concentration of lead nitrate that induces maximum genetic variability in grass pea. The different concentrations of lead nitrate used were 25, 50, 100, 200, and 300 ppm. The percentage of abnormalities increased with the lead nitrate concentration. Different types of chromosomal abnormalities were observed, such as condensed bivalents, secondary association, laggards, bridges, cytomixis, stickiness, etc.

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Soil Salinity Alters Growth, Chlorophyll Content, And Secondary Metabolite Accumulation In Catharanthus Roseus, Cheruth Abdul Jaleel, Beemarao Sankar, Ramalingam Sridharan, Rajaram Panneerselvam Jan 2008

Soil Salinity Alters Growth, Chlorophyll Content, And Secondary Metabolite Accumulation In Catharanthus Roseus, Cheruth Abdul Jaleel, Beemarao Sankar, Ramalingam Sridharan, Rajaram Panneerselvam

Turkish Journal of Biology

The effect of salinity on growth, photosynthetic pigment content, and alkaloid secondary metabolite accumulation were studied in an economically important medicinal plant, Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don., under pot culture conditions. Plants were treated with different concentrations of NaCl, (e.g. 50 and 100 mM) 30, 45, 60, and 75 days after sowing (DAS). The plants were uprooted randomly 90 DAS to analyse growth, and chlorophyll and alkaloid content. Salinity affected all the morphological parameters and decreased growth performance. At low salinity regimes, a slight decrease was noted in chlorophyll a and b, and total chlorophyll content, but under high salinity …

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Cropping Effects On Microbial Population And Nitrogenase Activity In Saline Arid Soil, Dilfuza Egamberdieva, Zulfiya Kucharova Jan 2008

Cropping Effects On Microbial Population And Nitrogenase Activity In Saline Arid Soil, Dilfuza Egamberdieva, Zulfiya Kucharova

Turkish Journal of Biology

Soil salinization is a major problem in irrigated agriculture. A field study was conducted in the Sariosiyo district in the Surkhandarya region of southeast Uzbekistan to evaluate soil nitrogenase activity and nitrogen-fixing bacteria populations in saline serozem soils under wheat, maize, and alfalfa, as well as from adjacent fallow land. Composite soil samples were randomly collected from depths of 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm in autumn, winter, spring, and summer, which were then 2-mm sieved and subjected to selected microbial population analysis and enzymatic studies. The results showed that alfalfa contributed both to high nitrogenase activity and to a large …

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Improvement Of The Nutritional Value Of Soybean [Glycine Max (L) Merr.] Seed With Alteration In Protein Subunits Of Glycinin (11s Globulin) And \Beta-Conglycinin (7s Globulin), Behzad Kaviani, Ardashir Kharabian Jan 2008

Improvement Of The Nutritional Value Of Soybean [Glycine Max (L) Merr.] Seed With Alteration In Protein Subunits Of Glycinin (11s Globulin) And \Beta-Conglycinin (7s Globulin), Behzad Kaviani, Ardashir Kharabian

Turkish Journal of Biology

Protein quality in soybean seeds is strongly influenced by nutritional conditions. Glycinin (11S globulin) and \beta-conglycinin (7S globulin) are the 2 main proteins in soybean seeds. Protein quality of glycinin (11S) is higher than that of \beta-conglycinin (7S), due to the presence of higher amounts of s-containing amino acids (methionine and cysteine) in glycinin than \beta-conglycinin. Of the amino acids in glycinin, 3%-4.5% are methionine and cysteine but these important amino acids are not found in \beta-conglycinin (especially \beta-subunit). Pot studies were conducted with soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.] grown under various levels of KCl and CaHPO4 and the effects …

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Evaluation Of Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity Of Seaweed (Sargassum Sp.) Extract: A Study On Inhibition Of Glutathione-S-Transferase Activity, Jayanta Kumar Patra, Sakti Kanta Rath, Karmabeer Jena, Vijaya Kumar Rathod, Hrudayanath Thatoi Jan 2008

Evaluation Of Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity Of Seaweed (Sargassum Sp.) Extract: A Study On Inhibition Of Glutathione-S-Transferase Activity, Jayanta Kumar Patra, Sakti Kanta Rath, Karmabeer Jena, Vijaya Kumar Rathod, Hrudayanath Thatoi

Turkish Journal of Biology

In the present study, the free radical scavenging potentials (DPPH radical and hydroxyl radical), inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and glutathione-S-transferase and antimicrobial properties of Sargassum sp. extract were investigated. The tested extract exhibited a dose-dependent free radical scavenging action against DPPH radical and hydroxyl radical and antimicrobial activity. In addition, inhibition of lipid peroxidation and glutathione-S-transferase activities were also observed. The overall results have established that this seaweed could be used against several diseases and, in the food processing industry, to preserve foods.

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Cover And Contents Jan 2008

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Biology

No abstract provided.

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Cover And Contents Jan 2008

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Biology

No abstract provided.

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Sensitivity Of Kinetoplastids To Aminoglycoside: Correlation With The 3’ Region Of The Small Subunit Rrna Gene, A. S. Hamad Elgazwy, Masoom M. Yasinzai Jan 2008

Sensitivity Of Kinetoplastids To Aminoglycoside: Correlation With The 3’ Region Of The Small Subunit Rrna Gene, A. S. Hamad Elgazwy, Masoom M. Yasinzai

Turkish Journal of Biology

In vitro culture systems were used to assess the growth inhibition of kinetoplastids by a variety of aminoglycosides. The parasites were allowed to grow to the stationary phase in the presence of varying concentrations of the drugs. The IC-50 for every drug was calculated by comparison with the control. The sensitivity of various leishmanial strains to these drugs was in the order of: G418 > hygromycin > paromomycin > neomycin; however, under our assay conditions gentamycin and kanamycin were non-leishmanicidal. The effects of the drugs on the intracellular form of the parasite in the macrophage cell line were also tested. Other kinetoplastids, such …

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The Effect Of Hyperosmotic Stress And Nitrogen Starvation On Growth And \Beta-Galactosidase Synthesis In Kluyveromyces Lactis And Kluyveromyces Marxianus, Sezai̇ Türkel, Eli̇f Arik, Si̇nem Güzelvardar Jan 2008

The Effect Of Hyperosmotic Stress And Nitrogen Starvation On Growth And \Beta-Galactosidase Synthesis In Kluyveromyces Lactis And Kluyveromyces Marxianus, Sezai̇ Türkel, Eli̇f Arik, Si̇nem Güzelvardar

Turkish Journal of Biology

Kluyveromyces lactis and Kluyveromyces marxianus are industrial yeasts widely used in the production of the \beta-galactosidase enzyme. Biosynthesis of \beta-galactosidase is controlled by glucose repression. In this study it was demonstrated that the derepression of \beta-galactosidase biosynthesis in these yeast strains is inhibited by high osmotic stress. It was found that the \beta-galactosidase activity of K. lactis and K. marxianus remained approximately at the repressed level when these yeast cells were subjected to NaCl-, KCl-, or sucrose-induced high osmotic stress. Derepression of \beta-galactosidase biosynthesis seems to be more sensitive to high osmotic stress in K. marxianus than in K. lactis. …

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Comparative Antioxidant Activity Of Some Edible Plants, Zaha A. El-Agbar, Ashok K. Shakya, Nooman A. Khalaf, Makbula Al-Haroon Jan 2008

Comparative Antioxidant Activity Of Some Edible Plants, Zaha A. El-Agbar, Ashok K. Shakya, Nooman A. Khalaf, Makbula Al-Haroon

Turkish Journal of Biology

Terminalia chebula, Salvia officinalis L., Calamintha incana, Thymus vulgaris L., Matricaria chamomilla, and Nigella sativa are commonly used spices. In the present study the methanolic extracts of these spices were evaluated for their antioxidant activity by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. All the methanolic extracts showed significant antioxidant activity. The IC_{50} of the methanolic extracts ranged between 3.8 ± 0.1 and 168.8 ± 2.1 \mug/ml, and that of ascorbic acid was 8.6 ± 0.1 \mug/ml. The study revealed that the consumption of these spices could exert several beneficial effects by virtue of their antioxidant activity.

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The Antioxidant Activity Of Some Medicinal Plants, Prateek Kumar Jain, Veerasamy Ravichandran, Simant Sharma, Ram. K. Agrawal Jan 2008

The Antioxidant Activity Of Some Medicinal Plants, Prateek Kumar Jain, Veerasamy Ravichandran, Simant Sharma, Ram. K. Agrawal

Turkish Journal of Biology

The antioxidant properties of the methanol extracts of 10 medicinal plants were evaluated with the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) test, hydroxyl scavenging test, and lipid peroxidation assay. The methanol extract of Emblica officinalis was the most active according to the DPPH test, with an IC_{50} value of 7.92 ± 0.1 \mug/ml, followed by Asparagus racemosus, with an IC_{50} value of 9.28 ± 0.2 \mug/ml. The minimum free radical scavenging activity was shown by Zingiber officinale, with an IC_{50} value of 44.48 ± 1.8 \mug/ml. The hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of the methanolic extracts of various plants was as follows: Asparagus racemosus …

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Antioxidant And Vasorelaxant Activities Of Flavonoids From Amygdalus Lycioides Var. Horrida, Hossein Babaei, Omid Sadeghpour, Lutfun Nahar, Abbas Delazar, Hossein Nazemiyeh, Mohammad Reza Mansouri, Naser Poursaeid, Solmaz Asnaashari, Sedigheh Bamdad Moghadam, Satyajit Dey Sarker Jan 2008

Antioxidant And Vasorelaxant Activities Of Flavonoids From Amygdalus Lycioides Var. Horrida, Hossein Babaei, Omid Sadeghpour, Lutfun Nahar, Abbas Delazar, Hossein Nazemiyeh, Mohammad Reza Mansouri, Naser Poursaeid, Solmaz Asnaashari, Sedigheh Bamdad Moghadam, Satyajit Dey Sarker

Turkish Journal of Biology

Amygdalus lycioides var. horrida (Spach) Browicz (Rosaceae), also known as Prunus lycioides (Spach.) Schneid., is an endemic Iranian species of the genus Amygdalus. In Iranian traditional medicine, the aerial parts and roots of A. lycioides are used in the treatment of diabetes. Six flavonoids, i.e. quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside (1), luteolin 7-O-rhamnoside (2), isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside (3), kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside (4), apigenin (5), and naringenin (6), have been isolated from the aerial parts of this plant. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by UV, MS, and NMR spectroscopic data analyses. While the antioxidant activity of these compounds was assessed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) …

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Specific Individuals Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Are Able To Show Time-Place Learning, M. Saeed Heydarnejad, G. J. Purser Jan 2008

Specific Individuals Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Are Able To Show Time-Place Learning, M. Saeed Heydarnejad, G. J. Purser

Turkish Journal of Biology

Using demand-feeders, time-place learning association of food was investigated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in 2 small raceways (TR1 and TR2). In order for the fish to be visually identified, they were tagged individually and their behaviour and distribution were monitored by cameras. Equipping with a demand-feeder, TR1 was assigned to test 2 times/1 place (2T/1P) while 2 demand-feeders were used in TR2 assigned to test 2 times/2 places (2T/2P). After 26 days of restricted feeding (RF) the fish were deprived of food for 3 days. The results of the present study indicate that, at the group level, rainbow trout …

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Cover And Contents Jan 2008

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Biology

No abstract provided.

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Cover And Contents Jan 2008

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Biology

No abstract provided.

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Cover And Contents Jan 2008

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

No abstract provided.

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Synthesis And Antifungal Activity Of Some Novel N-(4-Phenyl-3-Aroylthiazol-2(3h)-Ylidene) Substituted Benzamides, Aamer Saeed, Sabah Zaman, Maryam Jamil, Bushra Mirza Jan 2008

Synthesis And Antifungal Activity Of Some Novel N-(4-Phenyl-3-Aroylthiazol-2(3h)-Ylidene) Substituted Benzamides, Aamer Saeed, Sabah Zaman, Maryam Jamil, Bushra Mirza

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Variously substituted N-(4-phenyl-3-aroylthiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)benzamides (2a-t) were prepared by base-catalyzed cyclization of corresponding 1-aroyl-3-aryl thioureas with acetophenone in the presence of bromine. Some of the synthesized compounds were assayed in vitro for their antifungal activity and were found to exhibit low to moderate activity.

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Synthesis And Biological Activity Of Allosteric Modulators Of Gaba_B Receptors. Part 4. Synthesis Of Potentially Fluorescent Acridines And Conformationally Restricted N-(Arylpropyl)-1-Arylethylamines, Jabbar Khalafy, Rolf H. Prager, Ni Made Puspawati Jan 2008

Synthesis And Biological Activity Of Allosteric Modulators Of Gaba_B Receptors. Part 4. Synthesis Of Potentially Fluorescent Acridines And Conformationally Restricted N-(Arylpropyl)-1-Arylethylamines, Jabbar Khalafy, Rolf H. Prager, Ni Made Puspawati

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A series of 8 new derivatives of fendiline was prepared for evaluation as allosteric modulators of GABA_B receptors: 4 based on acridine and 4 with restricted distance between the 2 aryl moieties.

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The Effects Of Moisture On The Ectomycorrhizal Communities On Pinus Ponderosa, Helen Lau Jan 2008

The Effects Of Moisture On The Ectomycorrhizal Communities On Pinus Ponderosa, Helen Lau

All Master's Theses

The effects of moisture on the community of beneficial fungi called ectomycorrhizae were compared in two adjacent ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests. Stands selected for this study were of populations of ponderosa pine along a natural moisture cline at the extreme limit of their distribution in eastern Washington State. Diversity and community structure was assessed for the ectomycorrhizal fungi living as mutualists on the root tips of this tree species. Identification of fungi recovered from this study was performed with the use of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) molecular markers and molecular techniques which discriminated taxa to phylotypes, which approximates …

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