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Biocontrol In Hawaii: A Response To Messing (2007), Brenden Holland, Carl Christensen, Kenneth Hayes, Robert Cowie

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

Commentary. In recent decades, disagreement regarding the role of biocontrol in causing ecological damage versus its agricultural benefit has increased. Because of the historical importance of biocontrol in its agriculture and the high recent extinction rates of its endemic wildlife, Hawaii has been termed the “crucible of the debate”. A number of biocontrol programs in Hawaii and the Pacific not only failed to control target pests, but have backfired spectacularly, leading directly to range reductions and extinctions of endemic taxa. We agree with Messing that rigorous biological review is important, that minimizing inefficiency, irrationality, lack of transparency and lack of …

Effective Elution Of Rdx And Tnt From Particles Of Comp B In Surface Soil, John S. Furey, Herbert L. Fredrickson, Margaret J. Richmond, Michael Michel

United States Army: Publications

During live fire training exercises, large amounts of explosives are consumed. Low order detonations of high explosive payloads result in the patchy dispersal of particles of high explosive formulations over large areas of firing range soils. Dissolution of explosives from explosive formulation particles into soil pore water is a controlling factor for transport, fate, and effects of explosive compounds. We developed an empirical method to evaluate soils based on functionally defined effective dissolution rates. An automated Accelerated Solvent Extractor was used to determine the effective elution rates under controlled conditions of RDX and TNT from soil columns containing particles of …

Detection Of The Superoxide Radical Anion Using Various Alkanethiol Monolayers And Immobilized Cytochrome C, Xiaojun J. Chen, Alan C. West, Donald M. Cropek, Scott Banta

United States Army: Publications

The superoxide radical anion (SO) is a critical biomarker for monitoring cellular stress responses. Electrochemical SO biosensors are frequently constructed through the covalent immobilization of cytochrome c (Cyt c) onto self-assembled monolayers (SAMs); however, a detailed comparison of these systems as well as configuration influence on SO detection is needed to enable robust applications. Two reaction pathways, oxidation of SO by the SAM-modified gold electrode or electron transfer through a protein and monolayer relay, may be involved during the electrochemical detection of SO with Cyt c, depending on the SAM that is used. Although electrodes with SAMs alone can exhibit …

Phase 2a Trial Of 0, 1, And 3 Month And 0, 7, And 28 Day Immunization Schedules Of Malaria Vaccine Rts,S/As02 In Malaria-Naive Adults At The Walter Reed Army Institute Of Research, Kent E. Kester, James F. Cummings, Christian F. Ockenhouse, Robin Nielsen, B. Ted Hall, Daniel M. Gordon, Robert J. Schwenk, Urszula Krzych, Carolyn A. Holland, Gregory Richmond, Megan G. Dowler, Jackie Williams, Robert A. Wirtz, Nadia Tornieporth, Laurence Vigneron, Martine Delchambre, Marie-Ange Demoitie, W. Ripley Ballou, Joe Cohen, D. Gray Heppner Jr.

United States Army: Publications

Background: Immunization with RTS,S/AS02 consistently protects some vaccinees against malaria infection in experimental challenges and in field trials. A brief immunization schedule against falciparum malaria would be compatible with the Expanded Programme on Immunization, or in combination with other prevention measures, interrupt epidemic malaria or protect individuals upon sudden travel to an endemic area.
Methods: We conducted an open label, Phase 2a trial of two different full dose schedules of RTS,S/AS02 in 40 healthy malaria-naıve adults. Cohort 1 (n = 20) was immunized on a 0, 1, and 3 month schedule and Cohort 2 (n = 20) on a 0, …

Utility Of Lipid Biomarkers In Support Of Bioremediation Efforts At Army Sites, D. Ringelberg, M. Richmond, K. Foley, C. Reynolds

United States Army: Publications

Lipid biomarker analysis has proven valuable in testing the hypothesis that attributes of the extant microbiota can directly reflect the occurrence of contaminant biodegradation. Two past research efforts have demonstrated this utility and are described here.
A 4.5 m vertical core was obtained from a diesel fuel oil contamination plume. Core material was assayed for total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and bacterial membrane phospholipids (PLFA) via a single solvent extraction. Microbial viable biomass and the relative abundance of Gram-negative bacterial PLFA biomarkers were found to be significantly correlated with TPH concentration. The core TPH profile also revealed two distinct areas where …

Moderate Zinc Restriction Affects Intestinal Health And Immune Function In Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Mice, Daniel G. Peterson, Angus G. Scrimgeour, James P. Mcclung, Elizabeth A. Koutsos

United States Army: Publications

Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient that affects immune function, especially within the digestive system, although the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study examined the effects of short-term moderate Zn restriction on intestinal health and immune function in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged mice through plasma cytokine profiling and histological evaluation of intestinal tissue sections. Adult male mice were fed with a Zn-adequate (40 ppm) or a Zn-marginal (4 ppm) diet for 4 weeks, and then a bacterial challenge was simulated by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 μg/g body weight [BW]) or saline (control). BW was recorded weekly, and feed intake …

The Biological Viability Of The Most Endangered Marine Mammals And The Cost-Effectiveness Of Protection Programs

United States Marine Mammal Commission

No abstract provided.

The 2008 Strategy For United States Air Force Intelligence, Surveillance And Reconnaissance, United States Air Force

United States Air Force: Publications

Since the inception of the Air Force, our Nation has asked us to create aerospace forces that no adversary could "out gun" under any circumstances. For over six decades we have answered that call. Now the Nation demands that we also create a set of capabilities that no adversary can "out smart" in the future. This strategy outlines our response in the realm of Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR).
This is a new document that specifies why and how our Air Force will provide the capacity and capability for full spectrum ISR. It provides the foundation for enabling our air …

Factors Influencing Males To Teach At The Elementary Level: An Interview -Based Exploration Of The Thoughts And Rationale For Their Career Choice, Daniel J. Carter

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The minimal male presence serving asEducational leaders in today's elementary classrooms has been continuously noted by popular media during the last two decades. With these low numbers in the school environment, the mere presence of a male elementary teacher seems to inspire the general public to expect higher standards of performance of him, and thus, place greater value upon him. Despite the number of media reports seemingly demanding more male teachers in elementary classrooms, there are few empirical studies that document the male teachers' voice and clearly communicate why these men willingly choose to pursue a career where they continuously …

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 9 2008, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Research Annual Report 2007, Children's Mercy Hospital

Research Annual Reports

Annual report of the research at Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center.

Foreword: Traversing 2nd And 3rd Waves: Feminist Legal Theory Moving Forward, Barbara Ann White

University of Baltimore Law Forum

No abstract provided.

Lifting The Floor: Sex, Class, And Education, Naomi Cahn, June Carbone

University of Baltimore Law Forum

No abstract provided.

Life Domain Research Report Series: Family, Gary Cameron, Lirondel Hazineh, Karen Frensch, Michele Preyde

Partnerships for Children and Families Project

The Life Domain Series describes the community adaptation of children and youth graduating from residential and intensive family service children’s mental health programs in multiple life domains (education and work, social involvements, family and health). This full length report presents evidence from the first and second phases of longitudinal research about how children who were involved with residential and intensive family service mental health programs are doing in school and at work.

Latinas/Os' And The Politics Of Knowledge Production: Latcrit Scholarship And Academic Activism As Social Justice Action, Margaret E. Montoya, Francisco Valdes

Faculty Scholarship

In this article, Professors Montoya and Valdes examine various ways of developing Latina/o legal studies in the United States. As background, they first outline and examine the three main models of knowledge-production established within legal academia during the past century or so: 1) the traditional or imperial model; 2) the safe-space or vanguard model, and; 3) the big-tent or democratic model. Using this historical template to contextualize current efforts in Latina/o legal studies both substantively and methodologically, they next review the record of LatCrit theorists over the past dozen years. With this analytical framework in place, they situate the LatCrit …

A Revision Of Australian Thrasorinae (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) With A Description Of A New Genus And Six New Species, Matthew L. Buffington

USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory

A new genus of Thrasorinae (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) is described from Australia, and includes specimens reared from an unidentified Ophelimus species (Eulophidae: Ophelimini) on Eucalyptus cinerea (Myrtaceae). Mikeius, new genus, includes six species: M. berryi sp. n., M. gatesi sp. n., M. grandawi sp. n., M. hartigi (Girault) n. comb., M. neumanni sp. n. and M. schauffi sp. n.; M. hartigi is designated as the type species of Mikeius. Thrasorus Weld is revised, and the description of T. schmidtae sp. n. is provided, as well as a redescription of T. pilosus Weld. All records to date indicate that species of …

Measuring Knowledge Of Natural Selection: A Comparison Of The C.I.N.S., An Open-Response Instrument, And An Oral Interview, Ross Nehm, Irvin Sam Schonfeld

Publications and Research

Growing recognition of the central importance of fostering an in-depth understanding of natural selection has, surprisingly, failed to stimulate work on the development and rigorous evaluation of instruments that measure knowledge of it. We used three different methodological tools, the Conceptual Inventory of Natural Selection (CINS), a modified version of Bishop and Anderson's (Bishop and Anderson [1990] Journal of Research in Science Teaching 27: 415-427) open-response test that we call the Open Response Instrument (ORI), and an oral interview derived from both instruments, to measure biology majors' understanding of and alternative conceptions about natural selection. We explored how these instruments …

A Comparison Of The Effects Of Psychopathic Personality Features, Context And Incentives On Individuals' Beliefs They Would Malinger, Thomas Earl Rae

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Accuracy in psychological evaluation and diagnosis relies heavily on the self-report of those being assessed. Consequently, the person who feigns or exaggerates cognitive, physical or psychological impairment, known as malingering, can present significant challenges in such situations. Research on malingering has focused primarily on improving detection of the behavior, resulting in the development of a number of effective assessment measures. However, much less research attention has been paid to increasing our understanding of the primary motivations underlying attempts to feign. As such, our understanding of why people malinger and what factors most strongly influence their decisions is quite limited. In …

Impact Of Pregnancy, Delivery, And Infancy Complications On Attention -Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Lindsay T. Fazio

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study evaluated whether a history of pregnancy, delivery, and infancy complications (PDICs) predicts the presence or type of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children. Children with a history of PDICs are thought to be at risk because of the potential damage caused by these complications during critical periods of fetal neurological development. Existing research also suggests that PDICs potentially affects the child's ability to maintain attention and behavior. This study examined archival data from children ( N = 588) between the ages of 5 and 12 seen for evaluation at a university-based ADHD Clinic. Multiple instruments were used …

Use Of Eye Movement Tracking In The Differential Diagnosis Of Adhd Inattentive Type, Adhd Combined Type, And Reading Disability, Pamela A. Deans

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study examines the clinical utility of eye movement tracking in the differential diagnosis of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Inattentive Type, ADHD Combined Type, and Reading Disability (RD). Conservative estimates of the overlap between ADHD and RD range from 10-45%. It is anticipated that eye movement tracking will provide a better understanding of the underlying deficits that potentially contribute to reading difficulties among children with ADHD and RD. Participants included 79 children: 7 diagnosed with ADHD Inattentive Type, 24 diagnosed with ADHD Combined Type, 10 that met criteria for RD, and 38 Control children. Subjects diagnosed with ADHD Inattentive …

Review Essay: Bringing The Middle Ages Into The World History Survey Course: Some Suggestions, Tiffany A. Trimmer

Quidditas

Too often World Historians neglect coverage of the European Middle Ages, and medieval history courses tend to lose sight of the ways in which medieval Europe played a part in the wider world to which it belonged. Part of this results from the artificial pre/post 1500 CE split that dominates the organization of the typical world history survey, and part from the reluctance of World Historians to realize the potential of a global history approach to the era before the age of exploration and colonization. The works included in this essay attempt to rectify the absence of earlier European historical …

Science Books For Professional Pleasure Reading: Round Out Your Content Knowledge And Foster Interest In Science With This List, Grinell Smith

Faculty Publications

The article lists several science books, including "The Origin of Species," by Charles Darwin, "The Whole Shebang: A State-of-the-Universes Report," by Timothy Ferris and "Silent Spring," by Rachel Carson.

Symposium On Stage: What's Platonic About Love?, Nichole L. Jackson

Master of Liberal Studies Theses

No abstract provided.

Unsupervised Learning In Detection Of Gene Transfer, Lutz Hamel, Neha Nahar, M. S. Poptsova, O. Zhaxybayeva, J. P. Gogarten

Computer Science and Statistics Faculty Publications

The tree representation as a model for organismal evolution has been in use since before Darwin. However, with the recent unprecedented access to biomolecular data, it has been discovered that, especially in the microbial world, individual genes making up the genome of an organism give rise to different and sometimes conflicting evolutionary tree topologies. This discovery calls into question the notion of a single evolutionary tree for an organism and gives rise to the notion of an evolutionary consensus tree based on the evolutionary patterns of the majority of genes in a genome embedded in a network of gene histories. …

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: Revamping A Freshman Seminar Information Literacy Program, Amanda Izenstark, Mary C. Macdonald

Public Services Faculty Publications

Describes the process of redesigning the information literacy component of the University of Rhode Island's first year experience program, URI 101, using a library-based scavenger hunt, student worksheets, hands-on exploration of the Library's web site, and in-class discussion.

Growth Trajectories Of Preterm Infants: Birth To 12 Years, Mary C. Sullivan, Margaret M. Mcgrath, Katheleen Hawes, Barry M. Lester

College of Nursing Faculty Publications

Introduction: Birth weight often is used to predict how preterm infants will grow, but scant attention has been paid to the effect of neonatal morbidities on growth trajectories. We investigated birth weight and neonatal morbidity in preterm infants’ growth to age 12 years.

Method: A five-group, prospective, longitudinal study was conducted with 194 infants: 46 full term; 29 healthy preterm without morbidity; 56 preterm with medical illness (MPT); 34 preterm with neurologic illness; and 29 preterm small for gestational age (SGA). Height, weight, and body mass index were measured at six ages.

Results: The full-term group had greater height than …

In Vitro And In Vivo Evidence For Lack Of Endovascular Remodeling By Third Trimester Trophoblasts, S. Kalkunte, Z. Lai, N. Tewari, Clinton O. Chichester Iii, R. Romero, J. Padbury, S. Sharma

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

The placental–decidual interaction through invading trophoblasts determines whether a physiological transformation of the uterine spiral arteries is established or not. Trophoblast-orchestrated artery remodeling is central to normal placentation. Dysregulated uteroplacental interaction and vascular remodeling are thought to be associated with the molecular events underlying the pathology of late pregnancy anomalies including preeclampsia. Although the exact gestational age at which trophoblast invasion ceases is not known, it remains unclear whether late pregnancy trophoblasts retain the ability to transform the uterine arteries. Here, we have developed a dual cell, in vitro culture system that mimics the vascular remodeling events during …

Framing, Symmetry, And Contrast In Edmond De Goncourt's Aesthetic Interior, Pamela J. Warner

Art and Art History Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Basketry In Early Holocene Small Seed Exploitation: Implications Of A Ca. 9,000 Year-Old Basket From Cowboy Cave, Utah, Phil R. Geib, Edward A. Jolie

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Despite ranking at the low end of the continuum in net caloric benefit relative to other foods, small seeds assumed great dietary importance in many parts of the world, including western North America. In a series of publications, Adovasio (1970a, 1974, 1980, 1986) argued that coiled basketry technology was invented in the eastern Great Basin during the early Holocene as a specialized food-processing technique. Coiled baskets are indeed useful for collecting and processing seeds, but it does not necessarily follow that they were originally designed for this purpose. A whole basket recently discovered at Cowboy Cave in southeastern Utah returned …

Perspectives And Progress In Contemporary Cross-Cultural Psychology, Gang Zheng, Kwok Leung, John G. Adair

IACCP Proceedings of the Biennial International Conferences

Selected Papers from the XVIIth International Congress of the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2004, Xi’an, Sha’anxi Province, China