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2008

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Airlift Assisted Wastewater Treatment, Brian Sidney Johnson Jan 2008

Airlift Assisted Wastewater Treatment, Brian Sidney Johnson

LSU Master's Theses

Static low density media (SLDM) filtration has been received with great admiration in the aquaculture industry and consequently spawned into the domestic wastewater setting on the pilot scale. This method of granular filtration uses plastic beads to facilitate the roles of both clarification and biofiltration into one compact unit. The fundamental operating principles utilized in this form of treatment can be greatly enhanced when they are coupled with self contained recirculation from airlift pumps. Recirculation of this type in a SLDM unit has the ability to provide multiple passes of the substrate in the wastewater through the bead bed to …

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Multiscale Analysis Of Heterogeneous Media For Local And Nonlocal Continuum Theories, Bacim Alali Jan 2008

Multiscale Analysis Of Heterogeneous Media For Local And Nonlocal Continuum Theories, Bacim Alali

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The dissertation provides new multiscale methods for the analysis of heterogeneous media. The first part of the dissertation treats heterogeneous media using the theory of linear elasticity. In this context, a methodology is presented for bounding the higher order moments of the local stress and strain fields inside random elastic media. Optimal lower bounds that are given in terms of the applied loading and the volume (area) fractions for random two-phase composites are presented. These bounds provide a means to measure load transfer across length scales relating the excursions of the local fields to applied loads. The second part of …

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Experimental Investigation Of Unsaturated Soil Stiffness, Ananth Bukkapatnam Tirumala Jan 2008

Experimental Investigation Of Unsaturated Soil Stiffness, Ananth Bukkapatnam Tirumala

LSU Master's Theses

Soil stiffness is a strain dependent non-linear parameter. Stiffness is the measure of soil deformation under a particular working load. It can used for predicting ground deformation in engineering earthworks such as highway embankments and foundations. Non-linear analyses for ground behavior have been widely used for developing models to predict the small –strain characteristics of the soil (Atkinson, 2000). This thesis provides a new insight into the behavior of soil stiffness. We used the wave propagation technique to determine the stiffness and term it as the small strain shear modulus (Gmax) of the soil. The objective of the thesis was …

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An Investigation Of Decision-Making Style Of Chinese College Student Online Apparel Shoppers, Yao Zeng Jan 2008

An Investigation Of Decision-Making Style Of Chinese College Student Online Apparel Shoppers, Yao Zeng

LSU Master's Theses

Internet users in China increased to 210 million with an annual growth rate of 53.3 percent in 2007 (CNNIC, 2008). This dramatic increase of Internet usage in China provides numerous opportunities for online marketers. Thirty-eight percent of Chinese netizens are 18 to 24 years old, among whom college netizens account for a large proportion in China (CNNIC, 2008). Given the market potential of targeting this group, research is needed to understand Chinese college students’ online shopping behavior. The purpose of this research was to better understand Chinese college student online apparel shoppers by investigating their decision-making style and explore the …

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Exhibition Next: The Future Of Exhibition Design, Santanu Majumdar Jan 2008

Exhibition Next: The Future Of Exhibition Design, Santanu Majumdar

LSU Master's Theses

ABSTRACT The ubiquitous presence of design guides our day-to-day actions, determining our awareness, configuring our environment, and modifying our lives. We must acknowledge the power and the opportunity of this dynamic force of design. “At the very least,” Peter Lunenfeld says, “design research saves us from reinventing the wheel. At its best, a lively research methodology can reinvigorate the passion that so often fades after designers join the profession.” Lunenfeld inspires me to consider the evolution of exhibition design. My thesis is about the future of exhibition design, enabling me to explore the changes this area of design is now …

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Blogs And Law Librarians, L. Cindy Dabney Jan 2008

Blogs And Law Librarians, L. Cindy Dabney

Articles by Maurer Faculty

This column gives advice on starting and maintaining a blog in a law library.

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Feasibility Testing For Salsa Neutrino Astrophysics Project, Jarrod Christopher Marsh Jan 2008

Feasibility Testing For Salsa Neutrino Astrophysics Project, Jarrod Christopher Marsh

LSU Master's Theses

Research is presented that was performed to determine possible locations for a full scale Salt Dome Shower Array (SalSA) neutrino telescope sensitive to energies from TeV ($10^{12}$ eV), PeV ($10^{15}$ eV), and EeV ($10^{18}$ eV) neutrinos. A detector to test possible site locations was designed around a half-Watt Ham radio to transmit short pulses of 145.500 MHz radiation. The research began by designing the system. Several phases of design took place as the system was refined and calibrated. Once finished, it was taken into a field and tested. The objective was to determine how the signals depended on distance. In …

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Concentration Of Phosphorylated Proteins Using Modified Pmma Microanalytical Devices, Jowell Guerra Bolivar Jan 2008

Concentration Of Phosphorylated Proteins Using Modified Pmma Microanalytical Devices, Jowell Guerra Bolivar

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This work describes the application of PMMA-based microanalytical devices for the affinity-type preconcentration of posttranslational modified proteins (PTMs). The choice of poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, is based on its biocompatibility, its functional methyl ester group for potential modification, and its extensive applications to create biological microelectromechanical systems (BioMEMS). Developing methodologies for preconcentration of PTMs is important for cancer diagnosis due to PTMs’ influence in the regulatory mechanism underlying the early stage of apoptosis or regulated cell death. Towards this goal, nitroavidin which can reversibly binds to biotin (and biotinylated proteins), was prepared using reported procedure and was characterized using several techniques …

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Solid-Phase Synthesis Of Asymmetrically Substituted Phthalocyanines, Sultan Sibel Erdem Jan 2008

Solid-Phase Synthesis Of Asymmetrically Substituted Phthalocyanines, Sultan Sibel Erdem

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are excellent candidates for use as fluorophores for near-infrared (near-IR) fluorescent tagging of biomolecules and as photodynamic therapy (PDT) agents. Synthesis of Pcs with asymmetrical substitution on the periphery is often difficult due to the problems during the purification of the Pc mixtures obtained. The objective of this project is to design and synthesize chemically robust near-IR fluorophores for bioanalytical applications and to develop new synthetic methods for rapid synthesis of the target compounds. A novel synthetic route was developed utilizing a hydrophilic, polyethylene glycol-based (PEG) support with different types of linkers. The Pcs were functionalized with either …

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We Believe In The Systems That Keep Us Alive, Ezra Kellerman Jan 2008

We Believe In The Systems That Keep Us Alive, Ezra Kellerman

LSU Master's Theses

ABSTRACT We Believe In the Systems That Keep Us Alive is a body of work that uses parallels identified between writing and media critique of contemporary events. The parallels are labeled as four specific systems: nutritional, administrative, life-support, and nurturing. Through a combination of interactive and object based sculpture, each system is represented with visual metaphor and allegory to place the viewer in a direct and specialized paradox. Paradoxes audience members encounter are intended to illustrate to the audience what conflicts can arise by being included in a system where governing agency of any sort does not meet with individual …

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Elements Of Mythmaking In Witness Accounts Of Colonial Piracy, Plamen Ivanov Arnaudov Jan 2008

Elements Of Mythmaking In Witness Accounts Of Colonial Piracy, Plamen Ivanov Arnaudov

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Focusing on historical accounts (1684-1734) by English, French, and Spanish witnesses, this dissertation establishes a continuity in fictionalized representations of anti-heroic pirates from the buccaneering period to the Golden Age of Piracy. Informed by history, literary, myth, and performance theory, the analysis identifies significant distortions in reports by observers and participants. The distortions that pertain to mythmaking patterns are classified and analyzed further. Conflicting and ambivalent representations of the pirate as an anti-hero are resolved through the positing of a literary scapegoat hypothesis drawing from René Girard and Joseph Roach. While demonstrating mythical archetypes at work in the construction of …

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Ethanol Production Using Continuous Multi-Staged Microbe Bioreactors: A Laboratory Study, William Bruce King Jan 2008

Ethanol Production Using Continuous Multi-Staged Microbe Bioreactors: A Laboratory Study, William Bruce King

LSU Master's Theses

Alternative fuels are important for the United States to reduce their dependence on fossil fuels. Currently, ethanol is the only renewable fuel that is produced in commercial quantity. The demand for ethanol is increasing throughout the world. The production of ethanol is limited by the available feedstocks and processing technology. Corn is the primary feedstock for ethanol in the United States. It is processed in either the wet milling or dry milling process. Both processes use either the batch or continuous fermentors. Both batch and continuous systems have operational restrictions with maintaining a good growth of yeast and preventing contamination …

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Unsymmetric Aryl–Alkyl Disulfide Growth Inhibitors Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus And Bacillus Anthracis, Edward Turos, Kevin D. Revell, Praveen Ramaraju, Danielle A. Gergeres, Kerriann Greenhalgh, Ashley Young, Nalini Sathyanarayan, Sonja Dickey, Daniel Lim, Mamoun M. Alhamadsheh, Kevin A. Reynolds Jan 2008

Unsymmetric Aryl–Alkyl Disulfide Growth Inhibitors Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus And Bacillus Anthracis, Edward Turos, Kevin D. Revell, Praveen Ramaraju, Danielle A. Gergeres, Kerriann Greenhalgh, Ashley Young, Nalini Sathyanarayan, Sonja Dickey, Daniel Lim, Mamoun M. Alhamadsheh, Kevin A. Reynolds

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study describes the antibacterial properties of synthetically-produced mixed aryl alkyl disulfide compounds as a means to control the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus anthracis. Some of these compounds exerted strong in vitro bioactivity. Our results indicate that among the twelve different aryl substituents examined, nitrophenyl derivatives provide the strongest antibiotic activities. This may be the result of electronic activation of the arylthio moiety as a leaving group for nucleophilic attack on the disulfide bond. Small alkyl residues on the other sulfur provide the best activity as well, which for different bacteria appears to be somewhat dependent on …

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The Cis-Δ2,3-Double Bond Of Phoslactomycins Is Generated By A Post-Pks Tailoring Enzyme, Nadaraj Palaniappan, Mamoun M. Alhamadsheh, Kevin A. Reynolds Jan 2008

The Cis-Δ2,3-Double Bond Of Phoslactomycins Is Generated By A Post-Pks Tailoring Enzyme, Nadaraj Palaniappan, Mamoun M. Alhamadsheh, Kevin A. Reynolds

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

The antifungal phoslactomycins (PLM A-F), produced by Streptomyes sp HK803, are structurally unusual in that three of their four double bonds are in the cis form (Δ12,13, Δ14,15, Δ2,3). The PLM polyketide synthase (PKS) has the predicted dehydratase catalytic domain in modules 1,2 and 5 required for establishing two of these cis double bonds (Δ12,13Δ14,15), as well as the only trans Δ6,7double bond. By contrast, the formation of the cis Δ2,3 in the unsaturated lactone moiety of PLMs has presented an enigma because the predicted dehydratase domain …

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A Longitudinal Study Of Married Women's Probability Of Being Housewives In Reforming Urban China, Chiung-Yin Hu Jan 2008

A Longitudinal Study Of Married Women's Probability Of Being Housewives In Reforming Urban China, Chiung-Yin Hu

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This study examines married women’s employment status and the factors associated with their being full-time housewives between 1989 and 2004 in urban China. I argue that the transition from a command economy to a market-oriented economy since the early 1980s has had negative impacts on married women’s labor force participation. Using six waves of the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey (1989, 1991, 1993, 1997, 2000, and 2004), I find that the percentages of full-time housewives in urban China tripled in just 15 years, and the largest amount of growth occurred in the most recent period. Regression analyses confirm that married …

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Latino Representation In U.S. Legislatures: Interests, Behavior, And Influence, Stella M. Rouse Jan 2008

Latino Representation In U.S. Legislatures: Interests, Behavior, And Influence, Stella M. Rouse

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Despite the growth of Latinos in the general population and in legislatures, their impact on the political process has received little scholarly attention. In this project, I present a theoretical framework of Latino legislative behavior that draws upon two important concepts of representation- descriptive and substantive- to better understand how ethnicity influences legislative activity and whether it is dependent on such factors as institutional context, legislative composition, and constituency characteristics. The project is unique in its comprehensive analysis of the legislative process and in its mixed methodological approach which includes both quantitative and qualitative elements. The analysis involves five parts: …

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The Effects Of Cross-Age Mentoring In An Online Collaborative Environment, Gail Lorraine Johnson Jan 2008

The Effects Of Cross-Age Mentoring In An Online Collaborative Environment, Gail Lorraine Johnson

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This mixed method research was designed to examine the effects of cross-age mentoring in an inter-institutional online learning community. The research questions focused on the impact of mentoring on high school students’ confidence in their information seeking skills, perceptions of their information seeking standards, and the application of these standards to an information seeking task. Also of interest was the dialogic interaction between the students at the two sites, the impact of the facilitator on the process, and the university students’ perceptions about their experience. The participants included 26 students (mentees) enrolled in an American history class at a rural …

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From The Bedside To Capitol Hill: Student Lobby Day In D.C., Joseph Schwartz Jan 2008

From The Bedside To Capitol Hill: Student Lobby Day In D.C., Joseph Schwartz

Quill & Scope

On March 30, 2008 over 300 students, residents and fellows met with nearly 150 Congressional House and Senate offices to discuss important issues in healthcare, including improving medical student loan deferment, impending Medicare physician payment cuts, and reform for expanding health insurance coverage. This piece provides a brief on those topics and their current standing Congress, and reviews one student’s experience of the annual AMA Lobby Day.

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A Symphonic Poem On Dante's Inferno And A Study On Karlheinz Stockhausen And His Effect On The Trumpet, Michael Joseph Berthelot Jan 2008

A Symphonic Poem On Dante's Inferno And A Study On Karlheinz Stockhausen And His Effect On The Trumpet, Michael Joseph Berthelot

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The first portion of this dissertation is an original composition A Symphonic Poem on Dante’s Inferno. This symphonic poem is in three movements: I. The Dream, depicts Dante falling asleep and describes the beginning of the Inferno, II. The Journey, depicts Virgil and Dante walking towards the Gates of Hell, III. Hell’s Depths; explores Hell’s Gates, the Souls of Limbo and the Nine Circles of Hell. Dante realizes at the age of thirty-five that he has wandered into the Dark Wood of Error. As soon as he realizes his loss, Dante lifts his eyes and sees the first light, lighting …

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Adam, Martin And John: Iconography, Infrastructure, And America's Pathological Inconsistency About Medical Insurance, Jeffrey W. Stempel Jan 2008

Adam, Martin And John: Iconography, Infrastructure, And America's Pathological Inconsistency About Medical Insurance, Jeffrey W. Stempel

Scholarly Works

Following the ongoing health care and insurance debate, which has once again moved toward center stage in American politics, one might understandably get the impression that the most important names in the area are politicians such as Hillary Clinton, Barack Obama, John Edwards, John McCain, or Mitt Romney. Similarly, public intellectuals and pundits such as David Broder, David Brooks, Paul Krugman (or at least the New York Times and Wall Street Journal editorial pages) come to mind. Alternatively, health care scholars such as the instant Symposium participants or other health policy scholars such as Uwe Reinhardt, Troyen Brennan or Theodore …

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One Rhizome, Two Unstoppable Blossoms: Environmental Communication And Ecological Rhetoric, Kevin James Ells Jan 2008

One Rhizome, Two Unstoppable Blossoms: Environmental Communication And Ecological Rhetoric, Kevin James Ells

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation will contribute to the project of explaining what environmental communication studies may offer theoretically to an understanding of communication and rhetoric in general, investigate a complex problem in rhetoric from a variety of methodological approaches, offer examples of rhetorical criticism relevant to environmental communication researchers, and delve into certain salient aspects of ecological rhetoric (defined herein as rhetoric from an ecological perspective). The hypothesis of this doctoral thesis is twofold: 1) studying environmental communication can illuminate much about communication and rhetoric in general, and 2) ecological rhetoric has considerable persuasive potential in itself for reasons that can be …

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Creatures Del Monte, Alejandro Arauz Jan 2008

Creatures Del Monte, Alejandro Arauz

LSU Master's Theses

To visually represent the multifaceted hybrid identity; a multidimensional artistic approach was necessary. I considered all the physical, psychological and cultural truths of my family. I explored our relationships, our behaviors and our responses as we simultaneously identify with the Latino and Anglo North American cultures and exist within its ever-changing parameters. Two streams of thought emerged in my artwork. One explores the characteristics and bi-cultural composition of my immediate family. The other looks at recalling past and distant members of my extended family as our points of origin while identifying the visible and invisible forces that shape our characters. …

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Utilization Of Aptamers As Affinity Probes In Polymeric Microdevices For Disease Management And The Production Of A Recombinant Membrane Protein, Anne Obubuafo Jan 2008

Utilization Of Aptamers As Affinity Probes In Polymeric Microdevices For Disease Management And The Production Of A Recombinant Membrane Protein, Anne Obubuafo

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Aptamers have emerged as potential affinity agents that rival or complement antibodies in developing diagnostic assays for disease detection. We have demonstrated the use of PMMA microfluidic devices for conducting rapid affinity microchip CGE of a target protein using aptamers as the affinity probes with an electrophoresis development time of <2 min. Migration times were reproducible for thrombin complexes and free aptamers in CGE buffer with device-to-device RSD variations below 10%. By removing salts from plasma and adding an unlabeled random sequence oligonucleotide to the plasma, thrombin was detected in plasma. This method can be easily adapted to high-throughput parallel screening of plasma samples in multi-channel polymeric microdevices. The expression of rEpCAM in bacteria and mammalian cells was investigated with results showing successful expression in the mammalian systems, while protein expression in the bacteria was inhibited. Higher and prolonged expression levels were obtained in Cos 7 cells as compared to BHK and Hep2 cells due to episomal expression in Cos 7 cells. By combining a one-step IMAC procedure with electrophoresis and electro elution a more selective approach to obtaining electrophoretically pure rEpCAM was achieved. We developed dual-aptamer sandwich assays for thrombin and PDGF-BB targets on PMMA substrate using UV modification with a one-step EDC/NHS coupling reaction. Results indicate that the use of high EDC concentrations lead to faster immobilization and increased coverage density with a shorter sandwich assay development time. The assays were sensitive for both proteins and showed linearity in fluorescence response to changing protein concentration. Single molecule detection methods provide high sensitivity techniques in which aptamers can find use. We have demonstrated the use of two aptamers in a FRET-based assay for the detection of low levels of thrombin. Sensitivity and reliability of the aptamer smFRET assay depends on complex formation and stability. Due to the dissociation constants of the aptamers, single molecule events detected were below the calculated value for a 6 pM concentration of thrombin. Future work will involve adjusting the single molecule system by the use of pinholes to enable analysis of higher sample concentrations.

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Fate And Transport Of Microorganisms In Coastal Subsurface-Experiment And Modeling, Haibo Cao Jan 2008

Fate And Transport Of Microorganisms In Coastal Subsurface-Experiment And Modeling, Haibo Cao

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The objective of this dissertation was to investigate the fate and transport of microorganisms in coastal subsurface. Two topics were studied: (1) evaluation of the performance of the Marshland Upwelling System (MUS) in removing fecal bacteria and the background recovery after it is shut down; (2) Investigation of the effects of salinity and soluble organic matter (SOM) on sorption of MS-2 and development of a model to describe the sorption and transport process. The MUS showed effective performance in removing fecal bacteria during its 32 month operation period at Bayou Segnette Site. The removal efficiency was increased with its operation …

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The Effect Of Calcium Or Silicon On Potted Miniature Roses Or Poinsettias, Mary Beth Louise Robichaux Jan 2008

The Effect Of Calcium Or Silicon On Potted Miniature Roses Or Poinsettias, Mary Beth Louise Robichaux

LSU Master's Theses

Poinsettias are the number one flowering potted plant in the U.S. and it is the most popular Christmas plant sold. Miniature roses have become an increasingly important flowering potted plant. However, growers must overcome production problems to produce a quality finished plant and avoid disease incidence. Supplemental calcium has been proven to increase the amount of good quality flowers and increase disease resistance. Silicon can increase plant growth and crop quality and decrease disease pressures. Two experiments were conducted on miniature rose cultivars ‘Sonya’ and ‘Alto.’ The objective of experiment 1 was to determine the effects of preharvest application of …

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Temporal And Functional Profile Of The Transcriptional Regulatory Network In The Early Regenerative Response To Partial Hepatectomy In The Rat., Egle Juskeviciute, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli, Jan B Hoek Jan 2008

Temporal And Functional Profile Of The Transcriptional Regulatory Network In The Early Regenerative Response To Partial Hepatectomy In The Rat., Egle Juskeviciute, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli, Jan B Hoek

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The goal of these studies was to characterize the transcriptional network regulating changes in gene expression in the remnant liver of the rat after 70% partial hepatectomy (PHx) during the early phase response including the transition of hepatocytes from the quiescent (G0) state and the onset of the G1 phase of the cell cycle. RESULTS: The transcriptome of remnant livers was monitored at 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after PHx using cDNA microarrays. Differentially regulated genes were grouped into six clusters according their temporal expression profiles. Promoter regions of genes in these clusters were examined for shared transcription …

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Proteomic Profiling Of Endorepellin Angiostatic Activity On Human Endothelial Cells., Jason J Zoeller, Renato V Iozzo Jan 2008

Proteomic Profiling Of Endorepellin Angiostatic Activity On Human Endothelial Cells., Jason J Zoeller, Renato V Iozzo

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Endorepellin, the C-terminal domain V of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan perlecan, exhibits powerful and targeted anti-angiogenic activity on endothelial cells. To identify proteins involved with endorepellin anti-angiogenic action, we performed an extensive comparative proteomic analysis between vehicle- and endorepellin-treated human endothelial cells. RESULTS: Proteomic analysis of endorepellin influence on human umbilical vein endothelial cells identified five differentially expressed proteins, three of which (beta-actin, calreticulin, and chaperonin/Hsp60) were down-regulated and two of which (vimentin and the beta subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase also known as protein disulfide isomerase) were up-regulated in response to endorepellin treatment-and associated with a fold change (endorepellin/control) …

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The Storm Morphology Of Deadly Flooding Events In The United States, Sharon T. Ashley, Walker S. Ashley Jan 2008

The Storm Morphology Of Deadly Flooding Events In The United States, Sharon T. Ashley, Walker S. Ashley

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

This study investigates the synoptic and mesoscale environments associated with deadly flooding events in the United States from 1996 to 2005. A manual environment classification scheme, which includes analyses of surface charts, 500 hPa maps, and composite radar data (where available), is utilized to ascertain the primary ascent mechanisms and storm types producing these fatal flood events. Of the ten classifications in the scheme, the two most dominant ascent mechanisms associated with deadly floods include frontal boundaries (45%) and tropical systems (22%). Findings illustrate that mesoscale convective systems were responsible for 36% of the total number of flood fatalities over …

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Looking Down The Road Less Traveled: Challenges To Persuading The Legal Profession To Define Problems More Humanistically, Nancy A. Welsh Jan 2008

Looking Down The Road Less Traveled: Challenges To Persuading The Legal Profession To Define Problems More Humanistically, Nancy A. Welsh

Journal of Dispute Resolution

This essay will focus on three factors that may help to explain why it seems to be so difficult for many lawyers to escape the confines of a narrow, legalistic framing of issues-or more poetically, why they may be predisposed against looking down "the road less traveled by." These factors should be taken into account as challenges to the widespread adoption of innovative, more humanistic approaches to lawyering. First, the essay will turn to research regarding the psyches and psychological needs of the people who choose to attend law school and become lawyers. Second, the essay will consider what is …

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Evolution Of The New Lawyer: How Lawyers Are Reshaping The Practice Of Law, The, Julie Macfarlane Jan 2008

Evolution Of The New Lawyer: How Lawyers Are Reshaping The Practice Of Law, The, Julie Macfarlane

Journal of Dispute Resolution

In this paper, I shall first briefly examine some of the most significant changes affecting legal practice, especially civil litigation, and ask what adjustments in the professional identity and role of the lawyer these imply or perhaps even require from lawyers. I shall also consider what evidence we have for the evolution of the "new lawyer." I shall then approach these questions from a practice-based perspective, looking specifically at client advocacy, legal negotiation, and the lawyer-client relationship.

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