Digital Commons Network^™

Pet, A Non-Ab Toxin, Is Transported And Translocated Into Epithelial Cells By A Retrograde Trafficking Pathway, Fernando Navarro-García, Adrián Canizalez-Roman, Kaitlin E. Burlingame, Ken Teter, Jorge E. Vidal

Faculty Bibliography 2000s

The plasmid-encoded toxin (Pet) of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli is a 104-kDa autotransporter protein that exhibits proteolytic activity against the actin-binding protein alpha-fodrin. Intracellular cleavage of epithelial fodrin by Pet disrupts the actin cytoskeleton, causing both cytotoxic and enterotoxic effects. Intoxication requires the serine protease activity of Pet and toxin endocytosis from clathrin-coated pits. The additional events in the intracellular trafficking of Pet are largely uncharacterized. Here, we determined by confocal microscopy that internalized Pet is transferred from the early endosomes to the Golgi apparatus and then travels to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Pet associates with the Sec61p translocon before it …

Spectrum Of Clinical Infectious Diseases In Hospitalized Elderly Patients In The Southeast Of Iran, Batool Sharifi-Mood, Maliheh Metanat

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: The elderly have defective host defenses that compromise their ability to ward off infectious agents; factors influencing immunocompetence include impaired host defenses such as diminished cell-mediated immunity, changes in chronic diseases, medications, malnutrition and functional impairments. This study was conducted in order to determine the pattern of clinical infectious diseases in a series of hospitalized elderly patients. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all elderly patients who were admitted to our hospital in Zahedan (Southeast Iran) between 2001 and 2006 were evaluated. We retrospectively reviewed the 1278 patients for diagnostic studies, risk factors, treatment options and morbidity and …

Bio 1004g : Practical Microbiology, Biological Sciences

Approved Course Proposals

No abstract provided.

Xenobiotic Transporters In Lactating Mammary Epithelial Cells: Predictions For Drug Accumulation In Breast Milk, Philip Earle Empey

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Recent literature has established that breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) is upregulated during lactation and is responsible for the greater than predicted accumulation of many drugs in breast milk. The objectives of this project were (1) to investigate the role of this transporter in the reported apically-directed nitrofurantoin flux in the CIT3 cell culture model of lactation, (2) to develop a mathematical model for drug transfer into breast milk to relate initial flux rates, steady-state concentrations, efflux ratios, and in vivo milk to serum ratios (M/S) and (3) to identify xenobiotic transporters that are highly expressed, and therefore potentially important …

Balancing Consumer And Industry Interests In Public Health: The National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program And Its Influence During The Last Two Decades, Lainie Rutkow, Brad Maggy, Joanna Zablotsky, Thomas R. Oliver

Dickinson Law Review (1908-2003)

No abstract provided.

Climate Change And The Poorest Nations: Further Reflections On Global Inequality, Ruth Gordon

University of Colorado Law Review

This article considers climate change from the perspective of the Third World and more particularly from the vantage point of the poorest nations in the international system. It concludes that those nations that are the most geographically and economically vulnerable will also have the least impact on mechanisms to halt the progress of this impending disaster. Hence, climate change is examined as yet another chapter in Third World powerlessness. Despite the fact that low-income nations participate in international deliberations, they do so from an exceedingly weak position that puts them in the untenable position of being on the receiving end …

Microbial And Nutritional Changes Of Wet Brewers Grains Inoculated With A Commercial Preservative, Susan P. Marston

Master's Theses and Capstones

Two experiments were conducted to compare the deterioration of wet brewers grains (WBG) treated with an enzyme and bacterial inoculant (Silo-King GPX, Agri-King Inc., Fulton, IL). Another experiment investigated ruminal DM and CP degradability of samples taken from experiment 1. Wet brewers grains were divided into separate piles upon delivery. Silo-King GPX was added to WBG at 0 kg/kg (control), 0.45 kg/900 kg WBG, and 0.9 kg/900 kg WBG, mixed for 5 min, and then stored in bins. Piles were left for 28 d to simulate farm storage practices. Samples (300 g) were taken every 2 d, 20.3 cm below …

The Effects Of Market Transition On The Distribution Of Health Care In China: 1991--2000, Rachel Marks

Master's Theses and Capstones

This research aims to examine the changes in the availability and accessibility of health care available to Chinese citizens over a nine year period. I use market transition theory as a framework for examining these changes. Market transition theory posits that as a government moves from a socialist system to a market-based economy, a new stratification order will emerge. Changes in the Chinese health care system are examined using 1991 and 2000 data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Using ordinary least-squares and logistic regression, I analyze differences in access and availability of health care between ethnic groups, rural …

Pandemic Fears And Contemporary Quarantine: Protecting Liberty Through A Continuum Of Due Process Rights, Michelle A. Daubert

Buffalo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Medicine@Yale July/August 2007 Volume 3, Issue 4, Yale School Of Medicine Office Of Communications

Medicine@Yale - development newsletter

Medicine@Yale : advancing biomedical science, education and health care was a print and online newsletter which published news about academics, research and philanthropy for alumni, donors, faculty, students and the general public. It was initially published 6 times a year and then changed to a quarterly schedule. The first issue came out June/Jul. 2005. The final issue was published in May/June 2022, vol. 17, issue 1. Published by Yale School of Medicine, Office of Communications.

Medicine@Yale March/April 2007 Volume 3, Issue 2, Yale School Of Medicine Office Of Communications

Medicine@Yale - development newsletter

Medicine@Yale : advancing biomedical science, education and health care was a print and online newsletter which published news about academics, research and philanthropy for alumni, donors, faculty, students and the general public. It was initially published 6 times a year and then changed to a quarterly schedule. The first issue came out June/Jul. 2005. The final issue was published in May/June 2022, vol. 17, issue 1. Published by Yale School of Medicine, Office of Communications.

Administering The Clean Water Act: Do Regulators Have "Bigger Fish To Fry" When It Comes To Addressing The Practice Of Chumming On The Chesapeake Bay?, Hope M. Babcock

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The Chesapeake Bay is one of the country's most productive estuaries. However, for decades the health of the Bay has been declining due in large part to nutrification. Excessive nutrients encourage algal blooms, which lower dissolved oxygen and increase turbidity in the Bay's waters. More than 40% of the Bay's main stern is now dead largely as a result of this problem. The practice of chumming, the discarding of baitfish, usually menhaden, over the sides of fishing boats to attract game fish like striped bass, is contributing to the Bay's nutrification problem because the decomposing chum raises the waters biological …

The Importance Of Individual And Population Variation To Human Stature Estimation, Kelly Jean Shields

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Human stature estimation is a central part of forensic anthropological investigation. It is one of several factors used to identify unknown individuals. The statistical relationship between body length and body segment length allows for long bone lengths from an unidentified individual to be used in a linear regression equation to estimate living stature. These linear regression equations are often formulated from a data set of an entirely different population. This research explores the necessity for the unknown individual to be similar on a number of points to the known population that makes up the equation. Populations are highly variable, and …

Structure And Function Predictions Of The Msa Protein In Staphylococcus Aureus, Vijayaraj Nagarajan, Mohamed O. Elasri

Faculty Publications

Background

Staphylococcus aureus is a human pathogen that causes a wide variety of life-threatening infections using a large number of virulence factors. One of the major global regulators used by S. aureus is the staphylococcal accessory regulator (sarA). We have identified and characterized a new gene (modulator of sarA: msa) that modulates the expression of sarA. Genetic and functional analysis shows that msa has a global effect on gene expression in S. aureus. However, the mechanism of Msa function is still unknown. Function predictions of Msa are complicated by the fact that it does …

Biosecurity Under The Rule Of Law, Lawrence O. Gostin, David P. Fidler

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Balancing Individual Rights And Public Health Safety During Quarantine: The U.S. And Canada, Erin M. Page

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Statutory And Regulatory Authority Delineating Ohio Animal Disease Control In Ohio, William A. Hopper Jr.

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Genocide - The Power Of A Label, Michael J. Kelly

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Epidemiology Of Human And Bovine Tuberculosis In The Federal Capital Territory And Kaduna State Of Nigeria, Aishatu Abubakar

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

The epidemiology of bovine and human tuberculosis (TB) was studied in the Federal Capital Territory and Kaduna state of Nigeria using four diagnostic methods; tuberculin test, culture and acid-fast stain of milk, animal (cattle) tissue and human sputum. Two PCR-based molecular techniques (Spoligotyping and Variable Number Tandem Repeat) were used to identify the species and strains of the isolates, while IS61 10-RFLP molecular method was optimised and applied on few samples to deten-nine the efficacy of the method. Of the 967 lactating cows from 57 herds tested for TB, 14.6%, 4% and 81.4% were positive, inconclusive and negative reactors respectively. …

Dental Health And Nutrition In Low-Income Preschool Children, Tonya R. Krueger

Graduate Research Papers

Dental health is an important, but often overlooked, health issue for children living in poverty in the United States. There are several risk factors for childhood caries including socioeconomic status, belonging to a racial or ethnic minority group, and poor dietary habits. While dental caries is a preventable infectious disease process, there are several barriers to adequate care and appropriate utilization of dental services often resulting in increased, severe, untreated decay for children from families with limited resources. This review examines caries in low-income preschool children and nutrition education as a preventive strategy. Federal programs that provide health and nutrition …

A Reanalysis Of Boas’S Hebrew Immigrant Data: Comparisons Of Foreign-Born And Us-Born Children Living In Early 20th Century America, Margaret Rose Kress

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This research paper uses data observed on Hebrew immigrant populations collected by the anthropologist Franz Boas and coworkers between 1909 and 1910. Boas was asked by the United States Immigration Commission to write a report that examined how the influx of European immigrants into the United States might affect the morphology of the American population. Seeing this as a chance to undermine racial typologies, Boas took many measurements of immigrants and their children and concluded that observed changes between foreign-born and US-born children were a result of the move into a new environment. Recent research has demonstrated that the Hebrew …

Law As A Tool To Facilitate Healthier Lifestyles And Prevent Obesity, Lawrence O. Gostin

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Public health agencies face considerable challenges trying to prevent overweight and obesity in society, primarily because a person's own behavior is often the root cause of the disease. Individuals make personal choices about their diet, exercise, and lifestyle, so disease is often thought of as a matter of personal, not governmental, responsibility. This Commentary shows how law can be used as a tool to prevent overweight and obesity (see Table).

The tools discussed in this article include:

- Disclosure - e.g., labels and consumer information

- Tort liability - e.g., inadequate disclosure of risks, misleading advertisements, and targeting children

- …

Trips And Trips Plus Impacts In Africa, Ikechi Mgbeoji

Articles & Book Chapters

The emergence of the World Trade Organization (WTO) as the juridical framework for global trade is one of the most fundamental changes in the second half of the last cenrury. No less epochal is the linkage of intellectual property rights (hereafter, IPR) issues to global trade governance. Prior to the WTO era, matters of IPR at the global level were usually dealt with at various fora of the United Nations, especially the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIP0).

The implication in this transformation has not been lost on commentators. Vincent Chiappetta …

Improper Bedside Manner: Why State Partner Notification Laws Are Ineffective In Controlling The Proliferation Of Hiv, Carrie Gene Pottker-Fishel

Health Matrix: The Journal of Law-Medicine

No abstract provided.

Hurricane Andrew And Pregnancies In Louisiana, Anzhelika Antipova

LSU Master's Theses

There are anecdotal accounts about the possible impact of a pregnant woman's mental health on her unborn fetus. This thesis investigates the possible association between hurricane-related stress experienced by pregnant women living in the area afflicted by Hurricane Andrew in Louisiana in 1992 and poor pregnancy outcomes such as preterm and Low Birth Weight (LBW) births. This is an important topic of research because by investigating past events one can better understand the pregnancy-related health issues for areas affected by extreme weather events such as Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. This research analyzed birth data from Louisiana both before and after …

The Black Death And Its Effect On Fourteenth- And Fifteenth-Century Art, Anna Louise Desormeaux

LSU Master's Theses

In early October of 1347, ships from Caffa docked at the port of Messina in Sicily. The traders brought with them a fierce plague that swept through Europe from 1348 to 1352. This pandemic, which killed approximately half of Europe's population, came to be known as the Black Death. The fear propagated by the spread of the plague and its cyclical recurrence greatly affected the art created in Europe over the next 150 years. Accounts of victims of the plague and other contemporary documents, such as medical treatises, give modern readers a glimpse into the psyche of medieval people. These …

Reevaluating Age In Subadult Remains In Response To Secular Changes In Skeletal Growth, Katherine Ann Blackwelder

LSU Master's Theses

The goal of forensic anthropology is the analysis and identification of human skeletal remains in a medicolegal context (Byers 2005:1-2). A forensic anthropologist can determine the age of subadult remains by various means, including dentition, centers of ossification, cranial suture closure, and epiphyseal union. Epiphyseal union is when all bones have completed their growth and fused, which happens for all bones by early adulthood. In this way, a forensic anthropologist can analyze the extent of epiphyseal union to determine the age of a deceased individual. This is done by comparing the skeletal remains to age-specific x-ray images of bones featured …

An Examination Of African American College Students' Knowledge And Attitudes Regarding Sickle Cell Disease And Sickle Cell Disease Carrier Testing: A Mixed Methods Study, Kai Anika Stewart

All ETDs from UAB

Approximately, 80,000 Americans are affected by sickle cell disease (SCD) and it is the most common inherited blood disorder in the United States. SCD is most prevalent among individuals of African, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and Asian Indian ancestry; however, statistics suggest that in the United States, African Americans are disproportionately affected by SCD (Sickle Cell Disease Association of America (SCDAA), 2007). Nearly, 1 in 400 African Americans is born with SCD; in addition, 1 in 12 African Americans is born with sickle cell trait (SCT) (National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), 2007). Two carriers of the trait have a 25% …

Monitoring The Status Of Hiv/Aids In China, Yujiang Jia

All ETDs from UAB

No abstract provided.

Epizootiology Of Quahog Parasite Unknown (Qpx) Disease In Northern Quahogs (=Hard Clams) Mercenaria Mercenaria, M. Maille Lyons, Roxanna Smolowitz, Marta Gomez-Chiarri

Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences Faculty Publications

The economically important marine bivalve mollusc, Mercenaria mercenaria, (commonly called a northern quahog or hard clam), has endured considerable mortalities caused by a thraustochytrid pathogen called Quahog Parasite X (QPX). Data on the percent prevalence of QPX infections were compiled from published reports along with our data to describe the epizootiology of QPX disease.QPX infections occurred in clams collected from both cultured beds and wild populations, but a higher percentage of QPX cases (76.5%) were from cultured clam beds. In addition, samples from cultured beds had a significantly higher prevalence (29.2 ± 27.2%) of QPX infections compared with samples from …