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2006

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Morphologic Evaluation Of The Lower Cervical Vertebrae And Its Surgical Applications Among Egyptians, George Boghdady, Raouf Bedir Dec 2006

Morphologic Evaluation Of The Lower Cervical Vertebrae And Its Surgical Applications Among Egyptians, George Boghdady, Raouf Bedir

Mansoura Medical Journal

Lower cervical spine stabilization necessitates precise knowledge of different osseous morphometric measures of the cervical vertebrae for accurate and safe application of fixa­tion devices. Human cadaveric stud­ies revealed significant variability worldwide raising the issue of possi­ble differences among races. This study was conducted on 28 osseous cadaveric models to obtain morpho­metric measurements among Egyp­tians. For posterior measures, 1.6 mm Kirschner wires were inserted in the cervical pedicles and lateral masses bilaterally to assess different linear and angular measurements. Linear measurements of the vertebral body were also assessed and pre­sented. All results were correlated with their surgical importance for both posterior …

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Effect Of Parathyroidectomy On Patients With Tertiary Hyperpara-Thyroidism (Retrospective Study), Atif Abd El-Latif, Tarek Mahdy, Yaser Elsayed, Mohamed Fatahalla El-Ghandour Dec 2006

Effect Of Parathyroidectomy On Patients With Tertiary Hyperpara-Thyroidism (Retrospective Study), Atif Abd El-Latif, Tarek Mahdy, Yaser Elsayed, Mohamed Fatahalla El-Ghandour

Mansoura Medical Journal

Objective : The aim of this work was to study the effect of parathyroi-dectomy on patients with tertiary hy-perparathyroidism. Patients and methods : A total number of 10 patients with tertiary hy-perparathyroidism manifestations un­der went parathyroidctomy. where the patients with adenoma of parathyroid gland under went excision of adeno­ma or multiple adenomas, and pa­tients with hyperplasia of parathyroid gland underwent total parathyroidec-tomy and implantation of a part of one parathyroid gland into the sternomas-toid muscle . Results : There were significant changes in clinical and laboratory values between pre- and post opera­tive measures in both types of pa­tients (adenoma and …

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Ilioinguinal Iliohypogastric Nerve Blocks For Post-Operative Pain Relief In Pediatric Patient Submitted For Groin Surgery, Zainab Sonbul, Hala Eldin, Mona Hasheesh Dec 2006

Ilioinguinal Iliohypogastric Nerve Blocks For Post-Operative Pain Relief In Pediatric Patient Submitted For Groin Surgery, Zainab Sonbul, Hala Eldin, Mona Hasheesh

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background : evaluation of effec­tiveness, postoperative analgesia hemodynamic effects, recovery pro­files and degree of satisfaction of both parents and surgeons to ilioin-guinal and iliohypogastric nerve blocks performed with local anaesth-tics. bupivacaine alone and with fentanyl. Methods : sixty patients, undergo­ing groin surgery using sevoflurane nitrous oxide anaesthesia were in­cluded . Patients were randomly allo­cated into 3 equal groups (n =15). Group p received normal saline at the dose of 0.3- 0.4 ml/kg for local nerve block (placebo group). Group B re­ceived 0.25%. bupivacaine at the dose of 0.3- 0.4 ml/kg as a local an­aesthetic for the nerve block . Group …

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Anatomical Variations Of Human Paranasal Sinuses: Computed Tomographic Analysis., Adel Elhawary, Elmogy Sabry Dec 2006

Anatomical Variations Of Human Paranasal Sinuses: Computed Tomographic Analysis., Adel Elhawary, Elmogy Sabry

Mansoura Medical Journal

The present investigation presents the anatomical variations of the hu­man paranasal sinuses using com­puted tomography scanning (CT scan). Paranasal sinus CT scans ob­tained from 300 subjects (120 male and 180 female) were analyzed. Their ages ranged from 15 to 55 years with a mean age (28.4±8.79). The maxillary sinus revealed a number of anatomical variations in 30% of cases. They appeared in the form of septated sinus in 16%, sinus hypoplasia in 10 %, and the presence of a tooth in the sinus in 4% of the cases. Examination of the frontal si­nus revealed extensive pneumatiza-tion of the sinus in …

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Sino-Nasal Epithelial Tumours: A Clinico-Pathological Study, Mohamed Abu-Samra, Amira El-Hawary Dec 2006

Sino-Nasal Epithelial Tumours: A Clinico-Pathological Study, Mohamed Abu-Samra, Amira El-Hawary

Mansoura Medical Journal

BACKGROUND : Epithelial neo­plasms are uncommon lesions affect­ing the sino-nasal tract. AIM : To study the incidence, mode of presentation and histological types of sino-nasal epithelial tumours in the surgical pathology material and surgical procedures and outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS : All sino-nasal epithelial tumours, biop-sied or surgically excised over a peri­od of six years, were studied. The tu­mours were classified as benign or malignant. The histology was correlat­ed with the clinical presentation, in­vestigations, surgical procedures and outcome. RESULTS : In six years, there were 139 sino-nasal tumours. One hundred one epithelial tumors (72.6%) outnumbered the non-epithelial tumours were diagnosed …

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Relations Of Serum Aldosterone And Microalbuminuria To Left Ventricular Hypertrophy In Patients With Essential Hypertension, Mohamed A. Helaly, Ayman Abd-Elaziz, Ahmed Soliman, Nader Elshahat, Wael Rifaie, Eid Daoud, Soma Abd El Gawad, Aml Selim Dec 2006

Relations Of Serum Aldosterone And Microalbuminuria To Left Ventricular Hypertrophy In Patients With Essential Hypertension, Mohamed A. Helaly, Ayman Abd-Elaziz, Ahmed Soliman, Nader Elshahat, Wael Rifaie, Eid Daoud, Soma Abd El Gawad, Aml Selim

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background : Left ventricular hy­pertrophy (LVH) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidi­ty and mortality in hypertensive pa­tients. The identification of risk factors for the initiation of LVH in patients with hypertension (HTN) is important including microalbuminunuria (MAU) and hyperaldosteronism. Objectives : Evaluation of the rela­tionship of MAU and plasma aldoste-rone to blood pressure (BP) and LVH in patients with essential HTN. Subjects and Methods Thirty male patients with essential HTN and 15 healthy subjects as a control group were subjected to thorough clinical examination, transthoracic echocardiography, lipid profile, serum potassium, serum aldosterone esti­mation. MAU was evaluated with dip­stick …

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醫學生之醫師同理心取向初探, 碧鴻 呂, 秀蓉 陳, 美英 高 Dec 2006

醫學生之醫師同理心取向初探, 碧鴻 呂, 秀蓉 陳, 美英 高

Journal of Medical Education

Empathy is an essential part of a meaningful patient-physician relationship and has a positive role in clinical outcomes. Cultivating empathy is considered to be one of the most important objectives of the liberal education for physicians. The purpose of this study is to explore medical students' feelings about physician empathy and to examine the relationship between empathy and specialty preference. The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy-Student Version, JSPE-S Version, was administered to 680 first-year medical students from seven medical schools in two consecutive years starting with the 2003 academic year. The specialty preference of the students was also collected. A …

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接受醫學課程整合教育的醫學系三年級和學士後醫學系一年級學生焦慮和憂鬱程度之比較, 正芳 顏, 克明 劉, 春生 賴, 俊雄 黃, 尚志 黃, 尹亭 黃 Dec 2006

接受醫學課程整合教育的醫學系三年級和學士後醫學系一年級學生焦慮和憂鬱程度之比較, 正芳 顏, 克明 劉, 春生 賴, 俊雄 黃, 尚志 黃, 尹亭 黃

Journal of Medical Education

高雄醫學大學醫學院是目前台灣唯一具有七年制醫學系和學士後醫學系兩種入學管道的學校，自2005年開始，高醫醫學院進行課程改革，整合基礎和臨床醫學教育課程，並強調問題導向學習。本調查性研究的目的在於：評估和比較接受醫學課程整合教育第一學期的醫學系三年級和學士後醫學系一年級醫學生之焦慮和憂鬱程度；檢驗兩系醫學生在兩次評估中焦慮和憂鬱程度是否有所變化。本研究以前後相隔一個半月時間，邀請兩系醫學生填寫兩次「曾氏心理健康量表(Zung's Anxiety and Depression Scale)」以了解其焦慮和憂鬱的程度，以焦慮和憂鬱分量表的原始總分，和依照常模轉換為百分等級後列於焦慮和憂鬱最嚴重的前百分之十（定義為具有高度焦慮／憂鬱）的人數比例，來比較兩系醫學生在接受醫學課程整合教育第一學期時焦慮和憂鬱程度的差異，以及前後兩次評估嚴重程度的變化。兩次評估結果發現：無論是原始總分或具有高度焦慮/憂鬱的人數比例，皆顯示醫三同學比後醫一同學具有較嚴重的焦慮和憂鬱程度；無論醫三或後醫一同學，前後兩次的焦慮和憂鬱分數皆未有明顯的變化；高比例第一次評估為高焦慮和高憂鬱的醫學生，在第二次評估中仍維持高程度的焦慮和憂鬱。對於醫三和後醫一醫學生接受醫學課程整合教育時焦慮和憂鬱程度的差異，研究者提出可能的解釋，並建議針對接受醫學課程整合教育的醫學生，提供他們所特別需要的輔導計畫。

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Osce之測驗結果分析：成功大學醫學院經驗, 淳娟 蔡, 其和 林, 琮琳 陳, 可式 趙, 宗烈 葉, 景仁 蔡, 伊凡 張 Dec 2006

Osce之測驗結果分析：成功大學醫學院經驗, 淳娟 蔡, 其和 林, 琮琳 陳, 可式 趙, 宗烈 葉, 景仁 蔡, 伊凡 張

Journal of Medical Education

醫師的臨床技能需要被確實教導與評量，OSCE(Objective Structured Clinical Examination)是評量臨床技能的重要工具之一，近年來更成為美加與日本醫師執照考試的一部份。本研究目的為報告成大醫學院施行OSCE的早期成效，並示範如何使用心理評量分析，作為給學生回饋、改善課程與未來OSCE測驗品質之依據。本文收集2003至2005年間，在成大醫學院對醫六學生進行OSCE的相關資料，加以整理分析。結果：近三年間醫六OSCE各進行了8,15,8站，其中使用標準化病人站數有5,7,5站，其中四個共通站並沒有造成試題的安全性問題，但學生在各站的表現及考官的給分則差異頗大，以心理測量分析2005年73位考生OSCE分數顯示，此測驗之內部信度為0.62，其中三站乃測量不同面向，最後歸類為三個測量面向後，各面向內部信度分別為0.92, 0.81, 0.77，factor 1稱為一般性臨床技術，factor 2稱為深入性臨床技術，而factor 3則代表一種「操作型技術」(psychomotor skill)特質，學生的操作型技術表現不佳，以邊緣群族法判定及格標準時，有6.8%考生不及格。factor 1,2被發現各有一瑕疵子題需刪除或修改，兩站考官有子題與整體總評差異的問題。結論：研究結果顯示需加強考官訓練，改善評分表設計，提供充裕評分時間，及增加考官人數，以提高測驗品質，測驗後之成績分析對考官與考生之回饋以及改善課程極具貢獻。

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Table Of Contents (V. 48, No. 3) Dec 2006

Table Of Contents (V. 48, No. 3)

William & Mary Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Inefficient Customs In International Law, Eugene Kontorovich Dec 2006

Inefficient Customs In International Law, Eugene Kontorovich

William & Mary Law Review

This Article explores whether and when rules of customary international law (CIL) can be expected to be efficient. Customary rules are often regarded as desirable because in certain circumstances, they promote the welfare of the group in which they arise. Unless these circumstances apply among states, the efficiency arguments for the legalization of customary norms do not apply. The Article takes as its central observation the divergent treatment of custom in domestic and international law. In international law, if a customary behavior of states can be identified, it is automatically elevated to the status of legal obligation without any independent …

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How To Survive A Terrorist Attack: The Constitution's Majority Quorum Requirement And The Continuity Of Congress, John Bryan Williams Dec 2006

How To Survive A Terrorist Attack: The Constitution's Majority Quorum Requirement And The Continuity Of Congress, John Bryan Williams

William & Mary Law Review

Since their realization that United Airlines Flight 93 was headed toward the U.S. Capitol on the morning of September 11, 2001, legislators and policymakers have been debating how the legislative branch would continue functioning in the aftermath of a terrorist attack that killed or incapacitated large numbers of sehators or representatives. This Article reviews the current House and Senate "Continuity of Congress"plans, and argues they are both practically and constitutionally inadequate. Focusing particularly on the Constitution's majority quorum requirement in Article I, Section Five, Clause One, this Article argues that a House or Senate operating in accordance with the current …

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Messages, No.42 2006 Dec 2006

Messages, No.42 2006

Medieval Feminist Forum: A Journal of Gender and Sexuality

No abstract provided.

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Thelma Fenster: A Reflection On Scholarship And Friendship, Lara Farina, Jocelyn Wogan-Browne, Clare A. Lees Dec 2006

Thelma Fenster: A Reflection On Scholarship And Friendship, Lara Farina, Jocelyn Wogan-Browne, Clare A. Lees

Medieval Feminist Forum: A Journal of Gender and Sexuality

No abstract provided.

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Andrea Pearson, Envisioning Gender In Burgundian Devotional Art, 1350-1530: Experience, Authority, Resistance. Women And Gender In The Early Modern World. Ashgate, 2005, Harriet M. Sonne De Torrens Dec 2006

Andrea Pearson, Envisioning Gender In Burgundian Devotional Art, 1350-1530: Experience, Authority, Resistance. Women And Gender In The Early Modern World. Ashgate, 2005, Harriet M. Sonne De Torrens

Medieval Feminist Forum: A Journal of Gender and Sexuality

No abstract provided.

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Carole Levin, The Reign Of Elizabeth I. Palgrave Macmillan, 2002., Theresa Earenfight Dec 2006

Carole Levin, The Reign Of Elizabeth I. Palgrave Macmillan, 2002., Theresa Earenfight

Medieval Feminist Forum: A Journal of Gender and Sexuality

No abstract provided.

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Diana Wood, Women And Religion In Medieval England. Oxbow, 2003, Janice Racine Norris Dec 2006

Diana Wood, Women And Religion In Medieval England. Oxbow, 2003, Janice Racine Norris

Medieval Feminist Forum: A Journal of Gender and Sexuality

No abstract provided.

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Implementing A Progressive Consumption Tax: Advantages Of Adopting The Vat Credit-Method System, Itai Grinberg Dec 2006

Implementing A Progressive Consumption Tax: Advantages Of Adopting The Vat Credit-Method System, Itai Grinberg

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

A credit–method value–added tax, a payroll tax, and a business–level wage subsidy can approximate the economic and distributional consequences of a subtraction–method X–tax. Such a credit–method progressive consumption tax has administrative advantages as compared to a subtraction–method progressive consumption tax, once certain political factors are taken into account. Further, unlike a subtraction–method system, a credit– method progressive consumption tax could easily interact with other tax systems around the world and comply with World Trade Organization rules without sacrifi cing best practice VAT design features that allow for effective enforcement.

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Moritz Busch's Die Mormonen And The Conversion Of Karl G. Maeser, A. Legrand Richards Dec 2006

Moritz Busch's Die Mormonen And The Conversion Of Karl G. Maeser, A. Legrand Richards

BYU Studies

Karl G. Maeser’s contributions to the education of nineteenth-century Latter-day Saints had a profound impact on the history of Mormonism, an impact that has reverberated to today. The narrative surrounding Maeser’s conversion has been told and retold for over a century now in the enculturation of students into Brigham Young University’s heritage. This essay seeks to better understand and contextualize the events surrounding Maeser’s conversion and, more specifically, to discuss the text that was most influential in his conversion—the less-than-friendly Die Mormonen by Moritz Busch (1821–99).

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Life With Ana, Amber Esplin Dec 2006

Life With Ana, Amber Esplin

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.

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Astonishment, Mark Bennion Dec 2006

Astonishment, Mark Bennion

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.

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Black And Mormon By Newell G. Bringhurst And Darron T. Smith, Eds, Emmanuel A. Kissi Dec 2006

Black And Mormon By Newell G. Bringhurst And Darron T. Smith, Eds, Emmanuel A. Kissi

BYU Studies

Newell G. Bringhurst and Darron T. Smith, eds. Black and Mormon. Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, 2004.

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Building Bridges Of Understanding: The Church And The World Of Islam, Boyd K. Packer, Alwi Shihab Dec 2006

Building Bridges Of Understanding: The Church And The World Of Islam, Boyd K. Packer, Alwi Shihab

BYU Studies

President Boyd K. Packer, Acting President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, gave this introduction of Dr. Alwi Shihab prior to Dr. Shihab’s forum address given at Brigham Young University on October 10, 2006.

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Understanding Mazmuur Naafi: The Arabic Psalm Of Nephi, Josh E. Probert Dec 2006

Understanding Mazmuur Naafi: The Arabic Psalm Of Nephi, Josh E. Probert

BYU Studies

Arabic calligraphy is arguably the defining form of Islamic art. Jamal Qureshi has combined this centuries-old tradition and the geometric forms of Ottoman architecture with one of the richest passages from the Book of Mormon, the Psalm of Nephi (2 Nephi 4:16–35), to create an artwork rich in meaning. The artwork is visual praise; and it represents the way in which religious artforms are fluid, transgenerational, and adaptable to new meanings. This short essay explains the artwork by contextualizing it in both Islamic and Mormon traditions.

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Spatial And Seasonal Variation In Wildlife-Vehicle Collisions, Jonathan M. Conard, Philip S. Gipson Dec 2006

Spatial And Seasonal Variation In Wildlife-Vehicle Collisions, Jonathan M. Conard, Philip S. Gipson

The Prairie Naturalist

To understand seasonal variation in the number of wildlife-vehicle collisions and the influence of land cover type on collision distribution we counted road-kill carcasses for 84 weeks along a 40 km route on two state highways in northeastern Kansas. We noted land cover type adjacent to each road-kill and tested the null hypothesis that road-kills were distributed randomly with respect to land cover type. Wildlife-vehicle collisions were not distributed randomly in relation to land cover availability. Instead, collisions occurred more often then expected adjacent to riparian areas and less often than expected adjacent to agricultural fields. Wildlife-vehicle collisions varied seasonally …

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The Prairie Naturalist, Volume 38, 2006: Reviewers, Author Index, And Subject Index, Elmer J. Finck, Hilary Gillock Dec 2006

The Prairie Naturalist, Volume 38, 2006: Reviewers, Author Index, And Subject Index, Elmer J. Finck, Hilary Gillock

The Prairie Naturalist

The list of reviewers, author index, and subject index for volume 38 (2006) of The Prairie Naturalist published by the Great Plains Natural Science Society out of Fort Hays State University in Kansas, United States.

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Amphibians And Reptiles In A Mixed-Grass Prairie In Northwestern North Dakota, Robert K. Murphy, Robert F. Danley, Patricia K. Moore Dec 2006

Amphibians And Reptiles In A Mixed-Grass Prairie In Northwestern North Dakota, Robert K. Murphy, Robert F. Danley, Patricia K. Moore

The Prairie Naturalist

There have been almost no surveys of herpetofauna at 109 km2 Lostwood National Wildlife Refuge (LNWR) or surrounding counties in northwestern North Dakota, an area possibly undergoing significant environmental change from fossil fuel extraction and use. We used 30 m drift fences to survey amphibian and reptile species in prairie-wetland transition zones at LNWR during mid-May to early-July in 1985 to 1987, and again in 1999 and 2000. We captured only four amphibian and two reptilian species and noted one other reptilian species incidental to our survey. Several species expected to occur in the area were not detected.

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Secularism In Turkey: The Perpetual Tipping Point: Key To The Future Or Prelude To Collapse, Peter R. Catalono Dec 2006

Secularism In Turkey: The Perpetual Tipping Point: Key To The Future Or Prelude To Collapse, Peter R. Catalono

Student Work

During the Cold War, the strategic significance of Turkey to the United States was clear: limit the expansion of the Soviet Union and maintain control of the Dardanelles. For the past decade and a half Western policymakers (US and European) have sent mixed signals to the Turks as to the importance of Turkey in the region, as a bridge between East and West, and in the World. Through eight decades of secular rule Turkey has shown that a democratic and secular state can exist within an almost entirely Muslim population. This thesis is made up of five main parts that …

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The Political Career Of Robert B. Crosby, Nebraska Governor, 1953-1955, Theodore J. Wehrbein Dec 2006

The Political Career Of Robert B. Crosby, Nebraska Governor, 1953-1955, Theodore J. Wehrbein

Student Work

This thesis examines the political career of Robert B. Crosby, Nebraska's twenty-seventh governor, whose early popularity ended with his efforts to comply with a State Supreme Court mandate to equalize state-wide property tax assessments. Elected to the Nebraska Legislature in 1940 and re-elected in 1942, Crosby was chosen at the age of 31 as the Speaker of the Legislature in 1943, the youngest person ever to hold that position. After serving two years in the United States Navy, he successfully ran as a Republican candidate for Lieutenant Governor in 1946, and then, in a landslide victory, was elected Governor in …

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A Spatial Analysis Of The Foreign-Born Population In Douglas Sarpy County, Nebraska – 2000, Leigh Anne L. Opitz Dec 2006

A Spatial Analysis Of The Foreign-Born Population In Douglas Sarpy County, Nebraska – 2000, Leigh Anne L. Opitz

Student Work

For a city that was initially settled mostly by Europeans, the recent immigrants largely from non-European countries, arriving in a changed urban and societal setting, have altered the settlement geography of Omaha, Nebraska. Due to the economic attainment of many newcomers to the country, many immigrant groups are able to settle in more prosperous areas than previous immigrants, and therefore live further away from the inner city. The transportation infrastructure throughout the city has also improved since the beginning of the century, so immigrants are able widen their geographic mobility. The resulting settlement pattern of these new immigrants is therefore …

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