Digital Commons Network^™

Square Pegs, Round Hole: The Fourth Amendment And Preflight Searches Of Airline Passengers In A Post-9/11 World, Steven R. Minert

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

All The Better To Eat You With, My Dear: The Need For A Heightened Harm Standard In Utah's Grandparent Visitation Statute, Tracy C. Schofield

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Commencement Convocation Program, St. Petersburg Campus, December 17, 2006, University Of South Florida St. Petersburg

USF St. Petersburg Graduations and Commencements

Regional Chancellor's Award for Civic Leadership: Frances L. Stavros

Commencement Program 2006 December, University Of Texas At Arlington: School Of Social Work, The University Of Texas At Arlington

Commencement Programs, Photos, and Video

No abstract provided.

Pacific Ridge School Employee Policy And Procedures Manual, Pacific Ridge School

Human Resource and Volunteer Management

Pacific Ridge Employee Policy and Procedures Manual from 2006.

Fall 2006 Commencement Program, University Of Alabama In Huntsville

Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

Commencement Convocation Program, St. Petersburg Campus, December 17, 2006, University Of South Florida

USF Graduation and Convocation Programs

Regional Chancellor's Award for Civic Leadership - Frances L. Stavros

High Tunnel Production Of Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) And Snap Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) In A High Latitude Location, Heidi B. Rader

Plant, Animal and Soil Sciences

Fairbanks, Alaska (lat. 64°49’N) has a short, variable growing season which necessitates alternative growing techniques for reliable vegetable production. Air and soil temperatures, relative humidity, light penetration, and management requirements were evaluated for a double bay high tunnel [15.8 m wide × 3.7 m high × 14.6 m long]. Mean air temperature was 0.5 °C and soil 1.2 °C higher in the high tunnel than the adjacent field, but differences varied with ventilation and heating practices. Yield and growth characteristics of lettuce (Lactuca sativa: ‘Paris Island cos’ and ‘Two Star’) and snap beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.: ‘Concesa’ and ‘Provider’) were …

Adsorption Of Cu (Ii) And Cd (Ii) By Chininous Polymers, Hong Zhang

Engineering

Heavy metal contamination has emerged as a major health problem worldwide. Biosorption, using biological waste products as sorbents, may provide a cost effective treatment strategy. The current study investigated several types of biomass, generated from waste crab shells, as bio-sorbents to remove cadmium and copper in a batch reaction system. Isotherm studies suggested that uptake increased with increasing number of amine groups, i.e. increasing degree of deacetylation (DDA) as measured by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) as well as Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. Potentiometric titration was shown not to be a valid method in measuring the DDA for medium …

Winter Feeding Ecology And Biomagnification Of Organochlorine Contaminants In Alaska Polar Bears, Torsten W. Bentzen

Biological Sciences

Dietary pathways expose polar bears to a variety of contaminant profiles and concentrations, ranging from bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) as one of the least contaminated marine mammals to the more highly contaminated upper trophic level ringed seal (Phoca hispida) which represent the majority of their annual diet. We used stable isotopes [delta]¹⁵N and [delta]¹³C to estimate trophic status of 139 free-ranging polar bears sampled along Alaska's Beaufort Sea coast in spring 2003 and 2004. The [delta]¹⁵N values of polar bear packed blood cells ranged from 18.2% to 21.4% with a mean of 19.5% (SD=0.7) in 2003 and 19.9% (SD=0.7) in …

A Phenomenology Of Women And Aging: A Communication Perspective, Grace F. Pedersen

Communication

This qualitative study examines the female experience of aging in late-midlife. It involves women between 49 and 70 years of age, who characterize late-midlife years through narratives of lived experience. Their stories provide description of events that introduced or reinforced their sense of self-as-aging, and relate insights gained socially and relationally in the aging process. Conversational interviews, with participant observation of nonverbal communication, were conducted and recorded as my method of data collection, and phenomenological methodology was used in description, analysis, and interpretation of the resulting capta.

Inter-Individual Variation In Gene Expression In Torpid And Interbout Euthermic Arctic Ground Squirrels, Adlai Max Burman

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Alaskan Arctic ground squirrels, Spermophilus paryii, hibernate about seven months per year. During two-week torpor periods, respiration, circulation, metabolism, and catabolism are dramatically decreased, except for brief periods of interbout euthermia. These divergent hibernation states provide a particularly compelling model for variance-based studies of global gene expression. A guiding hypothesis in this Thesis is that Arctic ground squirrels exit interbout euthermia and enter torpor with an invariant metabolic scaffolding of various metabolites that are erected to serve as a ready metabalome for the challenges of the next brief return to euthermia. To develop this hypothesis further, I performed an exploratory …

The Role Of Corticosterone And Corticosteroid-Binding Globulin In Reproduction Of Red-Legged Kittiwakes (Rissa Brevirostris), Thomas D. Dempsey

Biological Sciences

The goal of this study was to determine to what extent, and by what physiological and behavioral mechanisms, avian reproductive performance is related to environmental variability. Specifically, I explored relationships between components of the physiological stress response, reproductive behavior, and reproductive performance in the red-legged kittiwake (Rissa brevirostris), a long-lived seabird. I found that individuals respond to food-related stress by altering levels of both corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) and the primary avian glucocorticoid, corticosterone (Cort). I also found a negative association between breeding adults' Cort concentrations and population-level reproductive success; although no such association existed between CBG and reproductive success. The …

Patterns Of And Controls Over Nitrogen Inputs By Green Alder (Alnus Viridis Ssp. Fruticosa) To A Secondary Successional Chronosequence In Interior Alaska, Jennifer S. Mitchell

Biological Sciences

Patterns of and controls over N₂ fixation by green alder (A. viridis) were studied in post-fire, mid-succession, and white spruce upland forests in interior Alaska during 1997-2000, focusing on the hypothesis that ecosystem-level nitrogen (N) inputs decrease with successional development. Across all stands, alder created islands of elevated soil N and carbon, depleted soil phosphorus (P), and more acidic soils, effects which translated to the stand-level in response to greater alder stem density. Rates of N₂ fixation (measured by acetylene reduction = ARA) closely tracked plant phenology during the 1997 (a drought year) and 1998 (a year of normal precipitation) …

Reindeer Herding, Weather And Environmental Change On The Seward Peninsula, Alaska, Kumi L. Rattenbury

Biological Sciences

Intrinsic to the discussion about climate change is the effect of daily weather and other environmental conditions on natural resource-based livelihoods. Reindeer herders on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska have relied on specific conditions to conduct intensive herding in response to winter range expansion by the Western Arctic Caribou Herd (WAH). From 1992 to 2005, over 17,000 reindeer (affecting 13 of 15 herds) were lost due to mixing and emigration with the WAH. An interdisciplinary case study with one herder provided insights about the role of weather within the social-ecological system of herding. Inclement conditions disrupted herding plans at the same …

Bathymetric And Spatial Distribution Of Echinoderms On Seamounts In The Gulf Of Alaska, Danielle Parker Underwood

Fisheries

The bathymetric and spatial distribution of echinoderms was examined on five seamounts in the Kodiak-Bowie seamount chain in the northern Gulf of Alaska from video transects of 200 or 500 m length, conducted at approximately 700, 1700 and 2700 m depths with the DSV Alvin in August, 2004. Temperature and salinity varied significantly with depth, but not between seamounts; an oxygen minimum zone encompassed the shallowest depth sampled. Holothuroid (Pannychia and Psolus) and asteroid density for the shallower depth category was 19.94·100 m⁻² and 2.07·100 m⁻², significantly higher than at the deeper depths. Asteroid density generally decreased northwesterly along the …

The Effects Of Intense Fire On Headwater Streams Of The Colville National Forest, Wa, Cassie Danielle Mellon

Fisheries

Forest fires play an important role in shaping ecosystems, and there has been growing concern on the effects of high intensity fires on forest and aquatic ecosystems. Headwater streams are highly connected to riparian and surrounding terrestrial systems, and to downstream aquatic systems, partly through prey and organic matter transfers via aquatic invertebrate drift and emergence. Because of their small size, headwater streams may experience the greatest initial impact from forest fire, but may also return to pre-fire conditions quicker than larger streams. In this study, headwater streams from replicated burned and control watersheds were sampled in the two years …

Arrowtooth Flounder Atheresthes Stomias Diet And Prey Consumption Near Kodiak Island, Alaska, Brian Anthony Knoth

Fisheries

The arrowtooth flounder Atheresthes stomias (ATF) population in the Gulf of Alaska has increased dramatically over the past 25 years and the resulting ecosystem impacts are unclear. Arrowtooth flounder diet and prey consumption was studied to more accurately assess the predator-prey relationships of this key predator near Kodiak Island, Alaska. Temporal and ontogenetic diet trends were quantified from the analysis of 742 ATF stomachs sampled from annual bottom trawl surveys conducted in May and August from 2002 to 2004. Several significant dietary trends were found, most notably: 1) euphausiids decreased in dietary importance from May to August whereas the importance …

Biophysical Factors Associated With The Marine Growth And Survival Of Auke Creek, Alaska Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus Kisutch), Joshua Benjamin Robins

Fisheries

Correlation and stepwise regression analyses were used to investigate relationships between growth in four distinct marine habitats, marine survival, and biophysical indices for Auke Creek coho salmon, a coho salmon population in Southeast Alaska. Early marine growth of males and females were positively correlated, but neither was correlated with early marine growth of jacks. Regional biophysical indices had significant effects on early marine growth of jack, but not on early marine growth of adult coho salmon. Sea surface temperature and number of hatchery pink and churn salmon juveniles released had negative and positive effects on growth in strait habitat, respectively. …

Contribution Of Muskeg Channel Habitats To Juvenile Coho Salmon Production In The Situk River, Alaska, Kevin L. Schaberg

Fisheries

This study examines seasonal patters of habitat use by juvenile coho salmon in the Situk River and the importance of muskeg channels. To determine seasonal patterns I trapped fish from a range of habitats every two weeks during the summer of 2005. Analysis of the length-frequency data these samples provided showed most fry emerged in gravel bedded channels and that a substantial number of these fish then moved into muskeg channels during their first summer, rearing there until smolting at age 1 + or 2+. To estimate the number of coho salmon using muskeg channels, I established a relationship between …

Isostasy And Origin Of The Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge, Arctic Ocean, Christina C. Williams

Geosciences

The Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge is an aseismic ridge bisecting the Amerasian Basin, Arctic Ocean. There is no widely accepted theory of formation. Gravity and bathymetry data from the poorly understood ridge are used to constrain the isostatic compensation of the feature in the frequency domain. Spectral analysis of the cross correlation between gravity and bathymetry along nine data transects collected from submarines and ice breakers over the ridge yield an average crustal thickness estimate of 30 km and density estimate of 2.75 g-cm⁻³. It also suggests compensation by local isostasy, as a near-ridge oceanic plateau or an extended fragment of continental …

Implications For Strain Accommodation In An Oblique Subduction Zone: New Paleomagnetic And Geologic Data From The Central Aleutian Arc, Alaska, Lena Krutikov

Geosciences

Oblique subduction results in partitioning of strain into arc-normal and arc-parallel components, and a complex pattern of upper plate deformation. Although partitioning of strain is observed in areas of oblique subduction around the world, the kinematics of strain accommodation are poorly understood. This is particularly true in the Aleutian arc because of a paucity of geologic and geophysical data. In the Aleutian arc, models previously proposed for forearc deformation have been characterized by clockwise rotation and westward translation of discrete tectonic blocks. This study utilizes two separate datasets to help constrain these mechanisms. The first step utilizes new high-resolution multibeam …

Physiological And Behavioral Responses Of Tanner Crabs (Chionoecetes Bairdi) To Handling, Emersion And Temperature, Sonya Y. El Mejjati

Marine Biology

Commercially harvested Tanner crabs (Chionoecetes bairdi) are exposed to physical stressors during capture and sorting including changes in temperature and oxygen availability. This study characterizes the physiological and behavioral responses of Tanner crabs exposed to air (emersion) at 8 and -15°C for various durations. Concentrations of glucose and lactate in hemolymph measured between 30 and 120 min following emersion for 45 min differed between animals exposed to 8 or -15°C. Glucose concentrations were higher among animals emersed at 8°C than those exposed to -15°C within the intervals sampled. Lactate concentrations were unchanged at intervals following emersion at 8°C, while they …

Temporal And Spatial Distribution Of Grazers And Kelp Phlorotannins In Kachemak Bay, Alaska, Angela M. Dubois

Marine Biology

The potential influence of grazers on the density and distribution of kelp thalli is substantial and may be mediated by kelp phlorotannins serving in a defensive role. The purpose of this study was to determine how temporal and spatial phlorotannin patterns in four kelp species in Kachemak Bay, Alaska, are influenced by density and distribution of the gastropod grazer Lacuna vincta and environmental variables. Temporal phlorotannin patterns from June 2004 through December 2005 were mainly explained by the life history of particular kelp species as well as strong correlations with light attenuation and nitrate concentration. The Optimal Defense Theory of …

Humpback Whale Habitat Use Patterns And Interactions With Vessels At Point Adolphus, Southeastern Alaska, Nicole Koehler

Marine Biology

Humpback whales at Point Adolphus, in southeastern Alaska, are faced with the challenge of maximizing their energy gain from feeding and minimizing energy losses that can occur due to disturbance by vessel traffic. Point Adolphus is unique because of abundant prey resources that attract high concentrations of humpback whales during the summer and high levels of vessel activity. Using scan sampling and focal behavior observation sessions data were collected from an elevated shore station on the northern coast of Chichagof Island in 2001. Humpback whale numbers peaked during early ebb tide. Whales were distributed west during ebbing tides and east …

Summer Distribution And Habitat Characteristics Of Fin Whales (Balaenoptera Physalus) And Humpback Whales (Megaptera Novaeangliae) Off Northeast Kodiak Island, Alaska, Lisa Susan Baraff

Marine Biology

Summer distributions of fin (Balaenoptera physalus) and humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae) whales were examined relative to bathymetry, oceanography, and zooplankton composition and density in Marmot and Chiniak Bays (Kodiak Island, AK) during 2002 and 2003. Habitat use and habitat partitioning were assessed using Monte Carlo and randomization tests, logistic regression analyses, and kernel density probability contours of high-use areas. Fin whales associated with deeper, cooler waters near areas of maximum slope and consistently used Marmot Bay. Fin whale spatial-temporal distribution likely coincided with Neocalanus copepod concentrations during early summer and adult euphausiids later in summer. Fin whale associations with Pseudocalanus copepods …

Interrelationship Among Temperature, Metabolism, Swimming Performance And Recovery In Pacific Cod (Gadus Macrocephalus): Implications Of A Changing Climate, Shannon K. Hanna

Marine Biology

Physiological constraints are suggested to contribute to the observed changes in relative abundance of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) seen in association with interdecadal changes in sea surface temperatures. To examine this concept, two experiments were conducted to determine critical swimming speed (Ucrit), rates of oxygen consumption and recovery post-exhaustion of adult cod acclimated to different temperatures. In addition, hematocrit and plasma concentrations of cortisol, metabolites and ions from resting and exhausted fish were measured to assess the impact of swim trials on fish condition. In experiment one, fish acclimated to 4°C had similar mean Ucrit (1.07 BL/s) and resting metabolic …

Fayetteville State University 17th Winter Commencement Program December 16th 2006, Fayetteville State University

Fayetteville State University: A Commencement Exhibition

Program from the Fayetteville State University Winter Commencement/Graduation Ceremony, December 2006.

Keynote speaker: William Raspberry, Distinguished Professor, Pulitzer Prize recipient in journalism

Fall Commencement [Program], December 16, 2006, University Of Northern Iowa

UNI Commencement Programs

The program of the commencement ceremonies, including a list of institutional leadership, a list of the departments by college, awards given at the ceremonies, and a list of undergraduate and graduate degree candidates.

Ua45/6 Commencement Program, Wku Registrar

WKU Administration Documents

Commencement program listing graduates.