Digital Commons Network^™

Exploring Current Practices In Pediatric Arv Rollout And Integration With Early Childhood Programs In South Africa: A Rapid Situation Analysis, Desiree Michaels, Brian Eley, Lewis Ndhlovu, Naomi Rutenberg

HIV and AIDS

This Horizons program report describes the status of pediatric HIV treatment in selected sites in South Africa, identifies gaps in service delivery, and proposes recommendations for strengthening services and expanding children’s access to treatment. The study provides much needed information on critical issues of pediatric HIV care, especially regarding health service and contextual issues surrounding the expansion of access to treatment for HIV-infected children, and key factors that facilitate sustainability of treatment by young children. The aims of the study were to identify successful program strategies in pediatric HIV treatment in South Africa and to determine priority knowledge gaps to …

Juveniles' Competence To Exercise Miranda Rights: An Empirical Study Of Policy And Practice, Barry C. Feld

Articles

The United States Supreme Court has decided more cases involving the interrogation of juveniles than any other aspect of juvenile justice administration. 1 Although it has cautioned trial judges to be especially sensitive to the effects of youthfulness and immaturity on a defendant's ability to waive or to invoke her Miranda rights and to make voluntary statements, the Court has not mandated any special procedural protections for immature suspects. Instead, it endorsed the adult waiver standard - "knowing, intelligent, and voluntary" under the "totality of the circumstances" - to gauge the validity of a juvenile's waiver of Miranda rights. 2

The Regulatory Void Of Contingent Work, Stephen F. Befort

Articles

No abstract provided.

Political Violence And Gender In Times Of Transition, Fionnuala Ní Aoláin

Articles

At the heart of transitional justice discourse is an ongoing conversation about accountability for human rights violations that occur in a context of regime repression or violent conflict. That accountability dialogue has generally been preoccupied with attempts to define the forms of political violence that should be addressed by various formal and informal mechanisms, such as trials and other truth-seeking processes. This Article will examine the multiple ways in which transitional justice processes have conceptualized political violence, and how that maps onto a gendered understanding of violence experiences and accountability mechanisms in a transitional context.

Graduate Bulletin 2006-2007, Cuny John Jay College

College Bulletins

Covers academic year 2006-2007

Politics Of Environmentalism And Ecological Knowledge At The Intersection Of Local And Global Processes, Katja Neves-Graça

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

This article scrutinizes the intersection of globalized and localized environmentalism in Lajes do Pico, Azores, Portugal, at the historical juncture when whale-watching superseded whale hunting in this village. In so doing, the article explains how localized environmentalism—including the ecological knowledges and practices of local inhabitants —was reproduced, learned, and transformed within the context of globalized environmental concerns, and vice versa. Using ethnographic materials I collected in Lajes do Pico between 1998 and 2000, I suggest that, rather than constituting two clearly distinct types of knowledge, through comparison and dialogical articulation local and scientific knowledge are typically locked in a process …

Conservation And Globalization: A Study Of National Parks And Indigenous Communities From East Africa To South Dakota, Jennifer Coffman

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

No abstract provided.

Choice, Equal Protection And Metropolitan Integration, Myron Orfield

Studies

This article, published in the Fordham Urban Law Journal, recommends that land use and housing policies be marshaled to reduce residential racial segregation and concentrated poverty. Such policies should be statewide, or at least regional, in scope. Isolated policies encourage leap-frog development that in turn promotes both sprawl and racial segregation. It also argues that state legislatures must adopt coordinated policy approaches, using Oregon’s comprehensive land use legislation as an example of policies that effectively promote affordable housing and decrease urban sprawl.

Implicit Sources Of Bias In Employment Interview Judgments And Decisions., Sharon Segrest, Pamela L. Perrewe, Treena L. Gillespie, Bronston T. Mayes, Gerald R. Ferris

USF St. Petersburg Campus Faculty Publications

This study empirically examined implicit sources of bias in employment interview judgments and decisions. We examined two ethnic cues, accent and name, as sources of bias that may trigger prejudicial attitudes and decisions. As predicted, there was an interaction between the applicant name and accent that affected participants' favorable judgments of applicant characteristics. The applicant with the ethnic name, speaking with an accent, was viewed less positively by interviewers than the ethnic named applicant without an accent and non-ethnic named applicants with and without an accent. Furthermore, modern ethnicity bias had a negative association with the favorable judgments of the …

Institutional Review Boards, Regulatory Incentives, And Some Modest Proposals For Reform, Dale Carpenter

Articles

It is time to rethink the role of Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) in approving social science research. While most law professors conduct their research in an almost unregulated environment - pouring through cases, statutes, and each other's articles, all without the kind of human interaction subject to IRB regulation - their colleagues elsewhere in the university have been coping for decades with an increasingly intrusive bureaucracy that sometimes undermines basic academic values. Three things seem very clear. First, there are a lot of IRBs - at least 4,000 - and their numbers are growing. Second, they have recently "increased their …

Curriculum Change 2006-2007, Portland State University

Bulletin & Curriculum Change Documents

No abstract provided.

Abcs For Hiv Prevention In Kenya: Messages, Beliefs, And Barriers, Julie Pulerwitz, Tiffany Lillie, Louis Apicella, Ann P. Mccauley, Tobey C. Nelson, Simon Ochieng, Peter Mwarogo, Karusa Kiragu, Edward Kunyanga

HIV and AIDS

A great deal of attention has been focused recently on promoting the “ABCs” of HIV prevention— abstinence or delaying sex, being faithful to one sexual partner or reducing the number of sexual partners, and consistently using condoms during sex. Yet even as programs that focus on the ABCs to prevent sexual HIV transmission are rolled out, questions remain about how well different groups in varied cultural contexts understand the terms, as well as how best to address challenges to adopting the ABC behaviors. The Horizons Program and FHI/IMPACT developed a collaborative research study in 2004 to explore how adults and …

The Trouble With Ed Schools: A Book Review, Justin M. Finney

Perspectives In Learning

American schools of education, whose two primary objectives are to prepare highly qualified teachers and to conduct valid and reliable education research, are often decried as “weak institutions” by many in academia and society in general. American schools of education are very often scorned by scholars and academia as intellectually inferior, referred to by teachers in the field as the “ivory tower” and considered to be out of touch and completely unrelated to what really transpires in schools, perceived by political leaders at all levels to be a primary contributing factor to the substandard state of contemporary public education. These …

Parental Involvement In Education Among Low-Income Families: A Case Study, Jane Graves Smith

CUP Faculty Research

In order to explore parental involvement among low-income families, a case study was conducted at a public elementary school in the Pacific Northwest. In 2002, a new school replaced an outdated structure. During the planning stage for the new school, community members and agency professionals, along with educators, developed and implemented programs to both support families and engage them in their children’s education. Utilizing qualitative research methods, interviews, observations, and document reviews were conducted with the intention of investigating the impact of efforts undertaken to involve parents at the new school. The study found that the development and implementation of …

Graduate College Fact Book 2005-2006, University Of Northern Iowa

Institutional Effectiveness & Planning Documents

Contents:

--- New Students --- 1
--- Enrollment --- 9
--- Alumni --- 35
--- Tuition and Financial Aid --- 36
--- Academic Departments --- 44
--- College --- 54

Fact Book 2005-2006, Various

General Fiscal Chronicle

Annual Report to the Board Of Trustees of George Fox College

Global Sociology And The Nature Of Rights, Turner

Societies Without Borders

Citizenship is fundamentally a western political and legal concept; it is also a concept relevant specifically to a national polity. By contrast human rights have been, since their formal proclamation in 1948, promoted as universal rights. The relationship between the social rights of national citizenship and the human rights of the Declaration provides a useful case study in which to discover whether sociology can provide concepts and theories that function across conceptual boundaries and territorial borders. Furthermore, human rights discourse may prove to be the primary candidate for sociology to operate as an effective discourse of global social reality. However, …

Empowering "Foreign Brides" And Community Through Praxis-Oriented Research, Hsia

Societies Without Borders

Through the author's direct participation in the empowerment of the "foreign brides" and in a rural community, which are both stigmatized in the mainstream Taiwan society, this paper discusses the theories and methods of praxis-oriented research, and its implication to social studies. This paper illustrates how the concepts and techniques of the "theater of the oppressed" can be combined with "pedagogy of the oppressed" to break through the "culture of silence" of the oppressed, develop their critical awareness, and help the women organize themselves for social transformation. It is proposed that praxis-oriented research can achieve more sophisticated research results, because …

Human Rights And The Roles Of Social Scientists, Moncada, Judith Blau

Societies Without Borders

Human rights entail an expansive conception of humans that stresses their inherent equalities, their responsibilities in democratic societies, and their rights as individuals and group members. This paper refers to the "human rights revolution," especially how it is evident in constitutions, and the relationship between human rights and public goods. Also sketched out are some of the ways that social scientists can promote human rights.

The Brain-Disordered Defendant: Neuroscience And Legal Insanity In The Twenty-First Century, Richard E. Redding

American University Law Review

Brain-damaged defendants are seen everyday in American courtrooms, and in many cases, their criminal behavior appears to be the product of extremely poor judgment and self-control. Some have a disorder in the frontal lobes, the area of the brain responsible for judgment and impulse control. Yet because defendants suffering from frontal lobe dysfunction usually understand the difference between right and wrong, they are unable to avail themselves of the only insanity defense available in many states, a defense based on the narrow McNaghten test. "Irresistible impulse" (or "control") tests, on the other hand, provide an insanity defense to those who …

A Guide To Uniform Citation Of Inter-American Sources For Writers And Practitioners

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

No abstract provided.

Sequencing The Dna Of Comparative Constitutionalism: A Thought Experiment, Gordon Silverstein

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Women And The "New" Corporate Governance - Foreword: A Symposium Exploring The Role And Impact Of Women In A Changing Corporate Environment, Lisa M. Fairfax, Paula A. Monopoli

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Women Executives In Gladiator Corporate Cultures: The Behavioral Dynamics Of Gender, Ego, And Power, Marleen A. O'Connor

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Women And The New Corporate Governance: Pathways For Obtaining Positions Of Corporate Leadership, Cindy A. Schipani, Terry Morehead Dworkin, Angel Kwolek-Folland, Virginia Maurer

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Like A Fish Needs A Bicycle: Public Corporations And Their Shareholders, Theresa A. Gabaldon

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Making In-Roads To Corporate General Counsel Positions: It's Only A Matter Of Time?, Lisa H. Nicholson

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Attorney General’S Annual Report To Congress On U.S. Government Activities To Combat Trafficking In Persons Fiscal Year 2005, U.S. Department Of Justice

Human Trafficking: Data and Documents

Trafficking in persons (“TIP”) is a regrettably widespread form of modern-day slavery. An estimated 600,000 to 800,000 human beings are trafficked across international borders each year. More than 80 percent of these victims are women and girls, and 70 percent of them are forced into sexual servitude. Furthermore, one estimate claims that between 14,500 and 17,500 victims may be trafficked into the United States each year, although that figure may be overstated. In response, the United States has led the world in the fight against this terrible crime.

Human Trafficking: Better Data, Strategy, And Reporting Needed To Enhance U.S. Antitrafficking Efforts Abroad, United States Government Accountability Office

Human Trafficking: Data and Documents

The U.S. government estimates that 600,000 to 800,000 persons are trafficked across international borders annually. However, such estimates of global human trafficking are questionable. The accuracy of the estimates is in doubt because of methodological weaknesses, gaps in data, and numerical discrepancies. For example, the U.S. government’s estimate was developed by one person who did not document all his work, so the estimate may not be replicable, casting doubt on its reliability. Moreover, country data are not available, reliable, or comparable. There is also a considerable discrepancy between the numbers of observed and estimated victims of human trafficking. The U.S. …

Trafficking In Persons, U.S. House Of Representatives Committee On Armed Services And Committee On International Relations

Human Trafficking: Data and Documents

And it is a pleasure for us to join with the Subcommittee on Africa, Global Human Rights and International Operations to hear testimony on the Department of Defense efforts to implement a zero tolerance policy for human trafficking. Let me just very briefly, I hope, say that as a way of background, in December 2002, President Bush issued a national security Presidential directive which established a zero tolerance policy for United States government employees and contractor personnel representing the United States overseas who engage in trafficking of human persons. Subsequently, the Department of Defense (DOD) issued policy directives that make …