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Does Optimism Explain How Religiousness Affects Alcohol Use Among College Students?, Benjamin Lee Collier

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Alcohol use, because of its many negative consequences, is the number one health problem facing college students. Because of this, researchers have looked for factors associated with reduced drinking. Religiousness is one such factor. Religiousness is a complex, multidimensional construct, and while it tends to be negatively associated with alcohol use, research progress has been slow due to the tendency of researchers to poorly operationalize this construct and to design studies that fail to go beyond the bivariate relationship of religiousness and alcohol use. In order to address these shortcomings, this study will assess two dimensions of religiousness, religious commitment/motivation …

The Sympathetic Discriminator: Mental Illness, Hedonic Costs, And The Ada, Elizabeth F. Emens

Faculty Scholarship

Social discrimination against people with mental illness is widespread. Treating people differently on the basis of mental illness does not provoke the same moral outrage as that inspired by differential treatment on the basis of race, sex, or even physical disability. Indeed, many people would freely admit preferring someone who does not have a mental illness as a neighbor, dinner party guest, parent, partner, or person in the next seat on the subway. Moreover, more than ten years after the Americans with Disabilities Act (the "ADA" or "Act") expressly prohibited private employers from discriminating on the basis of mental, as …

Adolescence And The Regulation Of Youth Crime, Elizabeth S. Scott

Faculty Scholarship

I am delighted to be a part of this Symposium on Law and Adolescence. My talk today is about adolescent development and juvenile justice policy. Specifically, I will focus on why a legal regime that is grounded in scientific knowledge about adolescence and the role of criminal activity during this developmental period is better for young offenders and for society than the contemporary policy, which often pays little attention to differences between adolescents and adults.

My talk is based on a book on juvenile justice policy I am currently writing with Larry Steinberg, a developmental psychologist who is a leading …

Constitutional Tipping Points: Civil Rights, Social Change, And Fact-Based Adjudication, Suzanne B. Goldberg

Faculty Scholarship

This Article offers an account of how courts respond to social change, with a specific focus on the process by which courts "tip" from one understanding of a social group and its constitutional claims to another. Adjudication of equal protection and due process claims, in particular, requires courts to make normative judgments regarding the effect of traits such as race, sex, sexual orientation, or mental retardation on group members' status and capacity. Yet, Professor Goldberg argues, courts commonly approach decisionmaking by focusing only on the 'facts" about a social group, an approach that she terms 'fact-based adjudication." Professor Goldberg critiques …

The Ethics Teacher's Bittersweet Revenge: Virtue And Risk Management, William H. Simon

Faculty Scholarship

Insurance companies have come to play a role in professional responsibility compliance that rivals that of courts and disciplinary agencies. The insurers, however, depart from the judicial perspective of the traditional enforcement agencies. Instead, they take the risk management perspective that Anthony Alfieri describes.

I agree with Alfieri that risk management poses real dangers of cynicism and Babbittry. Nevertheless, I also see more upside than he does. The new perspective is valuable, not just as a strategy for attracting student attention, but as an antidote to real and basic deficiencies in mainstream ethics teaching and traditional professional practice. In this …

Optimizing Consumer Credit Markets And Bankruptcy Policy, Ronald J. Mann

Faculty Scholarship

This Article explores the relationship between consumer credit markets and bankruptcy policy. In general, I argue that the causative relationships running between borrowing and bankruptcy compel a new strategy for policing the conduct of lenders and borrowers in modern consumer credit markets. The strategy must be sensitive to the role of the credit card in lending markets and must recognize that both issuers and cardholders are well placed to respond to the increased levels of spending and indebtedness. In the latter parts of the Article, I recommend mandatory minimum payment requirements, a tax on distressed credit card debt, and the …

The Politics Of Same-Sex Marriage Politics, Katherine M. Franke

Faculty Scholarship

In this Essay I would like to share some reflections on the politics of same-sex marriage politics. In a very short period of time, this issue has moved to the center of the gay and lesbian rights movement as well as larger mainstream political and legal debates. Some have even argued that this issue affected, if not determined, the outcome of the 2004 presidential election. This, I believe, is rather an overstatement, but I must concede that the issue has gained traction in ways that most of us would not have predicted five years ago. The states of Vermont and …

Front Matter

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Glass Cockpit Experience On Manual Flight Skills, John P. Young, Richard O. Fanjoy, Michael W. Suckow

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

Modern aircraft employ a wide variety of advanced flight instrument systems that have been designed to reduce pilot workload and promote safe, efficient flight operations. Research to date on advanced flight instrumentation has primarily focused on mode confusion or pilot misinterpretation of system information. A few studies have also identified pilot concern with a reduction in manual flight skills as a result of regular operation in automated modes. This paper addresses that concern in an attempt to identify factors useful to flight curriculum development. Study participants included 110 experienced airline, corporate, and military pilots who were surveyed before and after …

The Application Of Scenario Based Recurrent Training To Teach Single Pilot Resource Management (Srm) Under The Faa Industry Training Standards (Fits) Program, Francis H. Ayers

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

Research indicates that improving a pilot's capability to exercise sound judgment and make informed and timely decisions may significantly improve flight safety. One approach to this problem is the introduction of scenario-based training (SBT) into flight training curriculums. At the request of the Cirrus Owner's and Pilots Association (COPA), the author developed and conducted four 3-hour scenario based seminars embodying these concepts and collected initial data from the 54 participants. A longitudinal study of this initial group will form the basis for additional research.

Atc Best Practices: An Opportunity For Computer-Based Scoring, Todd P. Hubbard

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

This paper explains how computer-based scoring of computer-generated scenarios in air traffic was designed and developed to meet the objectives of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Radar Terminal Facility (RTF) instructors from the Air Traffic Division at the FAA Academy, other Certified Professional Controllers (CPC) from Miami and Chicago, and professional educators converged in September 2002 to design, develop, and implement a course that would enhance controller effectiveness by capturing controller best practices. These best practices were synthesized from a series of intensive air traffic control simulations in a fictional airspace. Programmers from the FAA Academy worked with subject matter …

Front Matter

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

No abstract provided.

Organizational Acculturation Jetblue Airways Through Values-Framed Instructional Design, Antonio I. Cortes

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

New initiatives across the entire spectrum of academic education are attempting to develop values-based curricula that teach ethical decision making. Can a similar process be used to inculcate organizational culture in a corporate workforce? Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University is exploring the use of values-framed instructional design (VFID), where traditional course contents are structured around organizational core values in order to explicitly and implicitly acculturate corporate workers. The method is currently being used to train instructor pilots at JetBlue Airways as a means of scaling organizational culture in step with ongoing growth. In order to determine the potential role for VFID in …

Front Matter

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

No abstract provided.

Capital Punishment And Capital Murder: Market Share And The Deterrent Effects Of The Death Penalty, Jeffrey Fagan, Franklin Zimring, Amanda Geller

Faculty Scholarship

The modem debate on deterrence and capital punishment, now in its fourth decade, was launched by two closely timed events. The first was the 1976 United States Supreme Court decision in Gregg v. Georgia, which restored capital punishment after its brief constitutional ban following Furman v. Georgia in 1972. In 1975, Professor Isaac Ehrlich published an influential article saying that during the 1950s and 1960s, each execution averted eight murders. Although Ehrlich's article was a highly technical study prepared for an audience of economists, its influence went well beyond the economics profession. Ehrlich's work was cited favorably in Gregg …

Social Contagion Of Violence, Jeffrey Fagan, Deanna L. Wilkinson, Garth Davies

Faculty Scholarship

Since 1968, violence and other crimes in New York City have followed a pattern of recurring epidemics. There have been three consecutive and contiguous cycles characterized by sharp increases in homicides and assaults to an elevated rate followed by equally steep declines to levels near the previous starting point. The most recent epidemic, from 1985-96, had the sharpest rise and steepest decline of the three epidemics. Popular explanations of the current epidemic fail to account for both the rise and fall of the decline, or for the repetitive pattern of these epidemics. In this article, we use public health data …

Public Attitudes About The Culpability And Punishment Of Young Offenders, Elizabeth S. Scott, N. Dickon Reppucci, Jill Antonishak, Jennifer T. Degennaro

Faculty Scholarship

Conventional wisdom holds that the public supports harsh punishment of juvenile offenders, and politicians often argue that the public demands tough policies. But public opinion is usually gauged through simplistic polls, often conducted in the wake of highly publicized violent crimes by juveniles. This study seeks to probe public opinion about the culpability of young offenders as compared to adult counterparts through more nuanced and comprehensive measures in a neutral setting (i.e. not in response to a high profile crime or during a political campaign when the media focuses on the issue). The opinions of 788 community adults were individually …

Rulemaking In The Ages Of Globalization And Information: What America Can Learn From Europe, And Vice Versa, Peter L. Strauss

Faculty Scholarship

This Article stems from a project on European Union Administrative Law undertaken by the American Bar Association's Section on Administrative Law and Regulatory Practice. It explores the generation of normative texts by the Commission of the European Union, its executive body, from the perspective of Americans familiar with notice and comment rulemaking. Legislative drafting (an exclusive responsibility of the Commission), subordinate measures corresponding to American rules and regulations, and soft law generated by the Commission are all considered In creating legislative proposals, the Commission uses techniques quite like American rulemaking, but with consultative practices (including electronic consultations) that seem more …

Muslim Profiles Post-9/11: Is Racial Profiling An Effective Counterterrorist Measure And Does It Violate The Right To Be Free From Discrimination?, Bernard E. Harcourt

Faculty Scholarship

Racial profiling as a defensive counterterrorism measure necessarily implicates a rights trade-off: if effective, racial profiling limits the right of young Muslim men to be free from discrimination in order to promote the security and well-being of others. Proponents of racial profiling argue that it is based on simple statistical fact and represents just smart law enforcement. Opponents of racial profiling, like New York City police commissioner Raymond Kelly, say that it is dangerous and just nuts.

As a theoretical matter, both sides are partly right. Racial profiling in the context of counterterrorism measures may increase the detection of terrorist …

Rational Choice And Developmental Influences On Recidivism Among Adolescent Felony Offenders, Jeffrey Fagan, Alex R. Piquero

Faculty Scholarship

Recent law and scholarship has claimed that the developmental limitations of adolescents affect their capacity for control and decision making with respect to crime, diminishing their culpability and reducing their exposure to punishment. Social science has focused on two concurrent adolescent developmental influence: the internalization of legal rules and norms that regulate social and antisocial behaviors, and the development of rational thought to frame behavioral choices and decisions. The interaction of these two developmental processes, and the identification of one domain of socialization and development as the primary source of motivation or restraint in adolescence, is the focus of this …

Models Of Aviation Technical Communication With Augmented Reality, Anthony Majoros, Dennis Vincenzi, Sathya Gangadharan, Paul Jackson

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

A fundamental characteristic of augmented reality (AR) is the overlay of computer graphics (e.g., installation instructions) on views of world objects (e.g., a section of an aircraft wing) and registration of those graphics to features in the world scene. In AR, the mechanisms of information retrieval rely on detection of features of real-world objects, and communication is by way of virtual content in a real world scene; causing information to become a function of the composite scene, where real and virtual elements are interdependent. Various models of technical media communication are made possible by these characteristics and are discussed in …

Nyar Savannah Program 2006, National Youth-At-Risk Conference, Savannah

National Youth Advocacy & Resilience Conference

N/A

Predictors Of Reading Success For Hispanic Children Learning To Read In English, Therese A. Lawson

Theses

The utility of the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) for documenting the reading progress of English Language Learners (ELLs) was investigated. Relationships among the DIBELS measures were explored using a correlational matrix. The predictive validity of the DIBELS for determining later literacy outcomes was assessed via a series of step-wise regressions. Results suggest that the DIBELS are valid for assessing the reading progress of Spanish-speaking ELLs. Growth was seen on all measures and established DIBELS benchmarks were generally met on time. Differing from previous findings, PSF did not positively correlate with NWF for first graders, and only …

Reconciling Biophysical And Psychosocial Models Of Stress In Relocation Among Older Women, Heidi Harriman Ewen

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The decision to relocate or to age in place can be a difficult one, mitigated by a variety of influencing factors such as finances, physical abilities, as well as social and instrumental support from family and others. This study focuses on the stresses of residential relocation to independent and assisted living facilities among older women living in Lexington, Kentucky. Participation entailed three semi-structured interviews as well as saliva and blood sampling over a period of 6 months, beginning within one month of the move. Measures of cortisol were used as indicators of stress reactivity. Distinct patterns of cortisol response have …

Teaching Bodies: Curriculum And Corporeality, Julie Garlen Maudlin

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

I began thinking about the topic of this dissertation at first in 2003 when I found myself expecting a third child while teaching full-time and pursuing a doctoral degree, and in earnest later that year at Bergamo, where I began to see a connection between my own interest in desires and bodies as they relate to education and the work of several of my colleagues. I began to think about the role of the body in the curriculum. Every day that we enter the classroom we bring our bodies and our desires along with us. We educate and learn from …

Teaching With Passion: A Narrative Inquiry Into Elementary Teachers' Identity Development, Personal And Professional Knowledge, And Love Of Teaching, Evelyn Lightfoot Aimar

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

This is a study of elementary teachers' identity development, personal and professional knowledge, and love of teaching. The participants of this inquiry are six teachers who teach at Hesse Elementary School in Savannah, Georgia. Diane, Julie, Mary, Susan, Uticia, and Yolanda provide viable insights about their journey as teachers. Their stories offer narrative truisms concerning their identity evolution and the transformation of their professional personality as they live their lives in the classroom. William Ayres' (1989, 2001, 2004, 2004) work on teacher identity and teacher knowledge development provides a framework for this study. Robert Fried's (2001) devotion to passion for …

How Kindergartners' Talks And Drawings Inform Our Ways Of Developing A Curriculum Of Caring And Imagination, Lisa Audet Aliotta

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

This study explores how kindergartners' talks and drawings inform our ways of developing a curriculum of caring and imagination. The mandates of kidnergartners' curriculum tend to emphasize children's mastery of literacy skills while ignoring their natural development and imagination. Author's abstract: This study explores how kindergartners' talks and drawings inform our ways of developing a curriculum of caring and imagination. The mandates of kindergartners' curriculum tend to emphasize children's mastery of literacy skills while ignoring their natural development and imagination. There is a need for developing a curriculum that embraces children's diverse needs, releases their imagination, and cultivates their highest …

Utility Of Health Belief Model Constructs In Predicting Dietary Behaviors Among Female University Students: A Pilot Investigation, Vanessa Emily Anderson

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

This study examined the relationship between Health Belief Model constructs as they related to dietary behaviors in a sample of university women 18-to-25 years of age (n=182). A cross-sectional, non-experimental design was utilized. Independent sample t-tests compared the mean of body mass indices (BMI) to dietary risk and race. Odds ratios amassed relationships between race and healthy food choices. Nearly one-third (32.4%) of participants were either overweight or obese. Black females had significantly higher BMI than white females; however, dietary risk from less-than-adequate fruit and vegetable consumption and consumption of high-fat foods were not related to race. Focus group participants …

Conference Program [2006], Georgia International Conference On Information Literacy

Georgia International Conference on Information Literacy

N/A

Georgia Southern Magazine, Georgia Southern University

Georgia Southern Magazine

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