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Sustainability Of Handwoven Carpets In Turkey: The Context Of The Weaver, Kimberly Berman, Charlotte Jirousek

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

Forms of Production

Past research, conducted mainly in the 1970s and 1980s, has identified three forms of production in which carpets are woven as commodities. These are petty-commodity production, the putting-out system, and workshop production.

Petty-commodity production involves weaving in the home, with the male head of the household or other male relatives selling the finished product to a carpet dealer or at a local or regional market (fig. 1). The family owns the loom and other weaving supplies, and family members purchase or prepare the yarn themselves. Under the putting-out system, the yarn, rug patterns and perhaps the loom …

Contemporary Hemp Weaving In Korea, Min-Sun Hwang

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

Until the 1900s, hemp was one of four traditional textile fibers in Korea, the others being cotton, ramie, and silk. The production of hemp fabrics had traditionally been for family use, but since the 1950s, that tradition has ceased to exist. The present status of hemp production is, therefore, extremely limited to the rural regions, and practiced by only a small number of the elderly (fig. 1). Of the approximately thirteen hemp cultivation regions (fig. 2), the city of Andong developed a different technique in hemp fiber-making from the rest of the regions and this paper will cover hemp fabric …

Abstracts

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

Textile Society of America

10th Biennial Symposium 2006

October 11–14, 2006

Harbourfront Centre

Toronto, Ontario

A-Z

Rapid Onset Of Transmission-Reducing Antibodies In Javanese Migrants Exposed To Malaria In Papua, Indonesia, J. Teun Bousema, Will Roeffen, Mike Van Der Kolk, Sake J. De Vlas, Marga Van De Vegte-Bolmer, Michael J. Bangs, Karina Teelen, Liliana Kurniawan, Jason D. Maguire, J. Kevin Baird, Robert W. Sauerwein

United States Public Health Resources

Transmission of Plasmodium falciparum malaria is initiated by sexual stages in the mosquito. Anti-Pfs48/45 and anti-Pfs230 sexual stage antibodies that are ingested together with parasites can reduce parasite development and subsequently malaria transmission. Acquisition of sexual stage immunity was studied in a cohort of 102 non-immune Javanese individuals migrating to hyperendemic Papua Indonesia. Seroprevalence of antibodies against Pfs48/45 and Pfs230 and functional transmission-reducing activity (TRA) were measured upon arrival and at 6, 12, and 24 months. Asexual parasitemia and gametocytemia were assessed every two weeks. The TRA and seroreactivity increased with the number of P. falciparum infections. The longitudinally sustained …

Survey Of Community Knowledge, Attitudes, And Practices During A Malaria Epidemic In Central Java, Indonesia, Parsa Sanjana, Mazie J. Barcus, Michael J. Bangs, Sahat Ompusunggu, Iqbal Elyazar, Harijani Marwoto, Sekar Tuti, Mohammed Sururi, Soesanto Tjokrosonto, J. Kevin Baird

United States Public Health Resources

We surveyed adults in a randomly selected sample of 1,000 households in 50 villages in nine malarial sub-districts in Purworejo, central Java, Indonesia from May to July 2001. The survey assessed malaria knowledge, attitudes, and practices in communities experiencing epidemic malaria to begin exploring broad strategies for controlling the disease in the region. A pre-tested survey instrument consisting of 93 questions addressed demographic characteristics, socioeconomic factors, knowledge and perceptions of malaria, burden and severity of disease, treatment-seeking behavior, malaria prevention practices, and perceptions of government malaria control efforts. The survey was taken by in-person interview of all subjects. Most (97%) …

Influenza Vaccination Coverage Of Children Aged 6 To 23 Months: The 2002–2003 And 2003–2004 Influenza Seasons, Tammy A. Santibanez, Jeanne M. Santoli, Carolyn B. Bridges, Gary L. Euler

United States Public Health Resources

BACKGROUND. Beginning in 2002 the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices

encouraged, when feasible, annual influenza vaccination of all children aged 6 to

23 months and household contacts and out-of-home caregivers of children <2

years of age.

OBJECTIVE.We sought to report influenza vaccination coverage for the 2002–2003

and 2003–2004 influenza seasons among children aged 6 to 23 months according

to demographic and immunization-provider characteristics.

METHODS. Data from the 2003 and 2004 National Immunization Survey were analyzed.

Two measures of childhood influenza vaccination are reported: receipt of

>1 influenza vaccination and full vaccination (ie, receipt of the appropriate

number of doses on the …

Deficiency Of Tnf Receptors Suppresses Microglial Activation And Alters The Susceptibility Of Brain Regions To Mptp-Induced Neurotoxicity: Role Of Tnf-Α, Krishnan Sriram, Joanna M. Matheson, Stanley A. Benkovic, Diane B. Miller, Michael I. Luster, James P. O'Callaghan

United States Public Health Resources

Enhanced expression of tumor necrosis

factor (TNF) -α, is associated with the neuropathological

effects underlying disease-, trauma- and chemically

induced neurodegeneration. Previously, we have shown

that deficiency of TNF receptors protects against

MPTP-induced striatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity,

findings suggestive of a role for TNF-α in neurodegeneration.

Here, we demonstrate that deficiency of TNF

receptors suppresses microglial activation and alters

the susceptibility of brain regions to MPTP. MPTPinduced

expression of microglia-derived factors,

TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-1α, preceded the degeneration

of striatal dopaminergic nerve terminals and astrogliosis,

as assessed by loss of striatal dopamine and TH, …

Implication Of A Retrovirus-Like Glycoprotein Peptide In The Immunopathogenesis Of Ebola And Marburg Viruses, Kavitha Yaddanapudi, Gustavo F. Palacios, Jonathan S. Towner, Ivy Chen, Carlos A. Sariol, Stuart T. Nichol, W. Ian Lipkin

United States Public Health Resources

Ebola and Marburg viruses can cause hemorrhagic fever (HF) outbreaks with high mortality in primates. Whereas Marburg (MARV), Ebola Zaire (ZEBOV), and Ebola Sudan (SEBOV) viruses are pathogenic in humans, apes, and monkeys, Ebola Reston (REBOV) is pathogenic only in monkeys (1–3). Early immunosuppression may contribute to pathogenesis by facilitating viral replication (4–6). Lymphocyte depletion, intravascular apoptosis, and cytokine dysregulation are prominent in fatal cases (7). Here we functionally characterize a 17 amino acid domain in filoviral glycoproteins that resembles an immunosuppressive motif in retroviral envelope proteins (8, 9). Activated human or rhesus peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were exposed …

Norovirus Classification And Proposed Strain Nomenclature, Du-Ping Zheng, Tamie Ando, Rebecca L. Fankhauser, R. Suzanne Beard, Roger I. Glass, Stephan S. Monroe

United States Public Health Resources

Without a virus culture system, genetic analysis becomes the principal method to classify norovirus (NoV) strains. Currently, classification of NoV strains beneath the species level has been based on sequences from different regions of the viral genome. As a result, the phylogenetic insights of some virus were not appropriately interpreted, and no consensus has been reached to establish a uniform classification scheme. To provide a consistent and reliable scientific basis for classifying NoVs, we analyzed the amino acid sequences for the major capsid protein of 164 NoV strains by first using an alignment based on the predicted 3D structures. A …

Agroterrorism—Why We’Re Not Ready: A Look At The Role Of Law Enforcement, Alberto R. Gonzales, Regina B. Schofield, Glenn R. Schmitt

United States Public Health Resources

Terrorists seeking to strike a blow at the U.S. economy need look no further than the Nation’s heartland for a “soft” target. An agroterrorist attack could dramatically impact many aspects of American life, including local law enforcement, which— especially in rural areas—is financially and strategically unprepared to respond.
Agricultural experts say that today they are most concerned about the intentional introduction of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) into the food supply. Twenty times more infectious than smallpox, FMD causes painful blisters on the tongues, hooves, and teats of cloven-hoofed animals (like cows, pigs, goats, and deer), rendering them unable to walk, be …

Presence And Regulation Of Messenger Ribonucleic Acids Encoding Components Of The Class Ii Major Histocompatibility Complex-Associated Antigen Processing Pathway In The Bovine Corpus Luteum, Matthew J. Cannon, John S. Davis, Joy L. Pate

United States Public Health Resources

Luteal cells express class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and can stimulate T lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. However, it is unknown whether luteal cells express the intracellular components necessary to process the peptides presented by class II MHC molecules. The objective of the present study was to examine the expression and regulation of three major class II-associated antigen processing components – class II MHC-associated invariant chain (Ii), DMa and DMb – in luteal tissue. Corpora lutea were collected early in the estrous cycle, during midcycle and late in the estrous cycle, and at various times following administration of a …

Hla Alleles Associated With Delayed Progression To Aids Contribute Strongly To The Initial Cd8+ T Cell Response Against Hiv-1, Marcus Altfeld, Elizabeth T. Kalife, Ying Qi, Hendrik Streeck, Mathais Lichterfeld, Mary N. Johnston, Nicole Burgett, Martha E. Swartz, Amy Yang, Galit Alter, Xu G. Yu, Angela Meier, Juergen K. Rockstroh, Todd M. Allen, Heiko Jessen, Eric S. Rosenberg, Mary Carrington, Bruce D. Walker

United States Public Health Resources

Background

Very little is known about the immunodominance patterns of HIV-1-specific T cell responses during primary HIV-1 infection and the reasons for human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) modulation of disease progression.

Methods and Findings

In a cohort of 104 individuals with primary HIV-1 infection, we demonstrate that a subset of CD8⁺ T cell epitopes within HIV-1 are consistently targeted early after infection, while other epitopes subsequently targeted through the same HLA class I alleles are rarely recognized. Certain HLA alleles consistently contributed more than others to the total virus-specific CD8⁺ T cell response during primary infection, and also reduced …

Rural/Nonrural Differences In Colorectal Cancer Incidence In The United States, 1998--2001, Steven S. Coughlin, Thomas B. Richards, Trevor Thompson, Barry A. Miller, Juliet Van Eenwyk, Marc T. Goodman, Recinda L. Sherman

United States Public Health Resources

BACKGROUND. Few studies of colorectal cancer incidence by rural, suburban, and metropolitan residence have been published.

METHODS. The authors examined colorectal cancer incidence among men and women in U.S. counties classified as rural, suburban, and metropolitan for the period 1998–2001. They examined rural/suburban/metropolitan differences in incidence by age, race, Hispanic ethnicity, stage at diagnosis, histology, and percentage of the total county population below the poverty level, using data from the CDC’s National Program of Cancer Registries, the NCI’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, and the 2000 U.S. Census.

RESULTS. A total of 495,770 newly diagnosed or …

Colorectal Cancer In U.S. Adults Younger Than 50 Years Of Age, 1998--2001, Temeika L. Fairley, Cheryll J. Cardinez, Jim Martin, Linda Alley, Carol Friedman, Brenda K. Edwards, Patricia Jamison

United States Public Health Resources

BACKGROUND. Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence rates are increasing among persons younger than 50 years of age, a population routinely not screened unless an individual has a high risk of CRC. This population-based study focuses primarily on describing the CRC burden for persons in this age group.

METHODS. The data used for this study were derived from the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) surveillance systems. Age-adjusted incidence rates, rate ratios, and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated.

RESULTS. CRC is ranked among the top 10 cancers occurring in males …

Transfusion-Associated Transmission Of West Nile Virus, United States 2003 Through 2005, Susan P. Montgomery, Jennifer A. Brown, Matthew Kuehnert, Theresa L. Smith, Nicholas Crall, Robert S. Lanciotti, Alexandre Macedo De Oliveira, Thomas Boo, Anthony A. Marfin

United States Public Health Resources

BACKGROUND: National blood donation screening for West Nile virus (WNV) started in June 2003, after the documentation of WNV transfusion-associated transmission (TAT) in 2002.

STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood donations were screened with investigational nucleic acid amplification assays in minipool formats. Blood collection agencies (BCAs) reported screening results to state and local public health authorities. Donor test results and demographic information were forwarded to CDC via ArboNET, the national electronic arbovirus surveillance system. State health departments and BCAs also reported suspect WNV TATs to CDC, which investigated these reports to confirm WNV infection in blood transfusion recipients in …

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars): Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices And Sources Of Information Among Physicians Answering A Sars Fever Hotline Service, J.-F. Deng, B. Olowokure, S.C. Kaydos-Daniels, H.-J. Chang, R.S. Barwick, M.-L. Lee, C.-Y. Deng, S.H. Factor, C.-E. Chiang, S.A. Maloney, The Sars International Field Team

United States Public Health Resources

In June 2003, Taiwan introduced a severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) telephone hotline service to provide concerned callers with rapid access to information, advice and appropriate referral where necessary. This paper reports an evaluation of the knowledge, attitude, practices and sources of information relating to SARS among physicians who staffed the SARS fever hotline service. A retrospective survey was conducted using a self-administered postal questionnaire. Participants were physicians who staffed a SARS hotline during the SARS epidemic in Taipei, Taiwan from June 1 to 10, 2003. A response rate of 83% was obtained. All respondents knew the causative agent of …

Temperament In Context: Infant Temperament Moderates The Relationship Between Perceived Neighborhood Quality And Behavior Problems, Craig R. Colder, Liliana J. Lengua, Paula J. Fite, Joshua A. Mott, Nicole R. Bush

United States Public Health Resources

Hypotheses that positive affect and fear in infancy moderate later relationships between neighborhood quality and behavior problems were examined in a sample of children from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Results suggested that poor neighborhood quality was associated with antisocial behavior at age 6 for children who in infancy were characterized by either high positive affect and low fear or by low positive affect and high fear. Depression/anxiety increased from age 6 to age 12 for children in poor quality neighborhoods who were characterized in infancy by low positive affect. A combination of low fear and high positive affect …

Identification Of An Epithelial-Specific Enhancer Regulating Esx Expression, Richard M. Neve, Hema Parmar, Cliff Amend, Chira Chen, Angie Rizzino, Christopher C. Benz

United States Public Health Resources

The Ets transcription factor, ESX, exhibits a unique pattern of epithelial-restricted expression and transactivates genes involved in epithelial differentiation and cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the underlying genetic basis for epithelial-specific expression of ESX. We have identified a 30bp ESX enhancer sequence (EES) approximately 3 kb upstream of the proximal promoter. This region displays enhancer activity in an epithelial-specific manner and deletion of this region abrogates ESX gene transcription. An EES binding protein complex (EBC) was identified through electrophoretic mobility shift assays whose degree of EES binding correlated well with endogenous ESX levels in …

Sulfation Of Tibolone Metabolites By Human Postmenopausal Liver And Small Intestinal Sulfotransferases (Sults), Min Wang, Christopher C. Ebmeier, John R. Olin, Robert J. Anderson

United States Public Health Resources

Sulfation is a major pathway in humans for the biotransformation of steroid hormones and structurally related therapeutic agents. Tibolone is a synthetic steroid used for the treatment for climacteric symptoms and postmenopausal osteoporosis. Sulfation inactivates the hydroxylated metabolites, 3α-hydroxytibolone (3α-OH-tibolone) and 3β-hydroxytibolone (3β-OH-tibolone), and contributes to the regulation of tissue responses to tibolone. We detected SULT1A1, SULT1A3, SULT1E1 and SULT2A1 mRNA expression by RT-PCR in postmenopausal liver and small intestine. Liver pool (n = 5) SULT activities measured with tibolone substrates reflected COS-1 expressed SULT2A1 and SULT1E1 activities. Liver SULT2A1 activity (1.8±0.3 units/mg protein, n = 8, mean ± SEM), …

Graduated Driver Licensing And Teenage Driver Research In 2006, James Hedlund, Ruth Schults, Richard Compton

United States Public Health Resources

This is the third update of research on graduated driver licensing (GDL) and related teenage driver issues. It briefly summarizes research published since or not included in the 2005 update (Hedlund, J., & Compton, R. (2005). Graduated driver licensing research in 2004 and 2005. Journal of Safety Research, 36(2), 109–119.), describes research in progress of which the authors are aware, and announces plans for a symposium on teenage driving and GDL to be held in February 2007.

Annual Report 2005-2006, Houston Academy Of Medicine-Texas Medical Center Library

Annual Reports: 1943 - Present

This file contains the Annual Report for the library from 2005-2006.

Suffolk Alumni Magazine Vol. 2, No. 1, 2006, Suffolk University

Suffolk University Magazine

No abstract provided.

A New Appliance For Forced Eruption, Monira Uddin Dds, Natia Mosheshvili Dds, Stuart Segelnick

Individual Scholarship

The purpose of these case reports is to introduce an innovative orthodontic appliance to effect forced eruption. This device is useful when attempting to erupt teeth in the esthetic zone with minimal effect on adjacent teeth. It is especially indicated for adjacent teeth with esthetic restorations. The appliance is easy to fabricate, cost-effective and very useful in forced eruption efforts for the “nonrestorable” tooth.

Leadership And Job Satisfaction, Stephanie Brooke

Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2003-2012)

The objective of this research is to understand the impact of leadership style on employee job satisfaction in an effort to improve leader-employee relations in nonprofit child care settings. Since turnover rates, separation costs, vacancy costs, and training costs are high in child care centers (Vickers, 2002), providing strategies for increasing job satisfaction will lead to a more stable environment for children and their families, promote positive leader member relations, and strengthen the organizational climate. Since leadership style can critically influence employee satisfaction, this study is of significant importance in promoting social change. Specifically, it focuses on a unique industry, …

Department Chairs’ Perception Of Faculty Participation In Accreditation Activities: A Follow-Up Survey, Cathryn Peterson

Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2003-2012)

The purpose of this study was to explore physical therapy department chairs’ perceptions of the extent to which their faculty members participated in the activities leading to accreditation, and whether or not this participation was associated with accreditation outcome. This study was conducted and completed in 2004 as a follow-up to a previous study that explored the relationships among accreditation outcome and management style employed by the chair person, faculty participation in accreditation activities, faculty commitment to implementing the plans delineated in the accreditation documentation, and faculty support of the accreditation process.

The New South And The Sandlot: Company-Sponsored Baseball In Birmingham, Al, Justin Brasher

Vulcan Historical Review

pp. 20-32

Fallout Shelter As America's Maginot Line: Birmingham, A Case Study, John Fuller

Vulcan Historical Review

pp. 53-61

George Orwell And Winston Smith: The Status Inconsistency And Social Consciousness Of Two Down And Out Writers, Kathy Hakim

Vulcan Historical Review

pp. 62-73

Vulcan Historical Review 10 (Complete Issue), Vulcan Historical Review Staff

Vulcan Historical Review

No abstract provided.

Race, Ethnicity, And Language Of Patients: Hospital Practices Regarding Collection Of Information To Address Disparities In Health Care, Marsha Regenstein, Donna Sickler

Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications

2003 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care, identified strong evidence of disparities in the health care of racial and ethnic minorities not explained by differences in health insurance coverage and income. Among ways to eliminate these inequalities the IOM report recommended enhanced collection of patient race and ethnicity data. National Public Health and Hospital Institute researchers surveyed 500 non-federal acute care hospitals on their collection of patient race, ethnicity and preferred language information to understand data collection practices in the U.S. hospital industry. The researchers also surveyed 64 safety net hospitals …