Digital Commons Network^™

From Telematics To Web-Based: The Progression Of Distance Education In Newfoundland And Labrador, Michael K. Barbour

Education Faculty Publications

Introduction: The province of Newfoundland and Labrador is located on the east coast of Canada. The province, which has both an island and mainland portions with a total area of 505 066 square kilometres, has a population of approximately 550 000 people. With about 60% of the population living within a 150-kilometre radius of the capital region, the remainder of the province is sparsely populated. The majority of the roughly 300 schools are located in these rural communities. Approximately one-third of which have been determined as necessarily existent (ie, when a school is located so far from another school that …

Undue Process: Congressional Referral And Judicial Resistance In The Schiavo Controversy, Adam M. Samaha

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

No abstract provided.

Justice Breyer's Democratic Pragmatism, Cass R. Sunstein

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

There have been many efforts to reconcile judicial review with democratic self-government. Some such efforts attempt to justify judicial review if and to the extent that it promotes self-rule. Active Liberty, by Justice Stephen Breyer, is in this tradition; but it is also marked by a heavy pragmatic orientation, emphasizing as it does the need for close attention to purposes and to the importance of consequences to legal interpretation. Its distinctiveness lies in its effort to forge close connections among three seemingly disparate ideas: a democratic account of judicial review; a purposive understanding of legal texts; and a neo-pragmatic emphasis …

Women's Voice, November/December 2005, Women's, Gender, And Sexuality Studies Program

Women's Voice (1991-2006)

No abstract provided.

Misconceptions Leading To Choosing The T Test Over The Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney Test For Shift In Location Parameter, Shlomo S. Sawilowsky

Theoretical and Behavioral Foundations of Education Faculty Publications

There exist many misconceptions in choosing the t over the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test when testing for shift. Examples are given in the following three groups: (1) false statement, (2) true premise, but false conclusion, and (3) true statement irrelevant in choosing between the t test and the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test.

Interaction Graphs For 4R2N-P Fractional Factorial Designs, M. L. Aggarwal, S. Roy Chowdhury, Anita Bansal, Neena Mital

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Interaction graphs have been developed for two-level and three-level fractional factorial designs under different design criteria. A catalogue is presented of all possible non-isomorphic interaction graphs for 4^r2^n-p (r=1; n=2,…, 10; p=1,…,8 and r=2; n=1,…, 7; p=1,…,7) fractional factorial designs, and nonisomorphic interaction graphs for asymmetric fractional factorial designs under the concept of combined array.

Jmasm24: Numerical Computing For Third-Order Power Method Polynomials (Excel), Todd C. Headrick

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The power method polynomial transformation is a popular procedure used for simulating univariate and multivariate non-normal distributions. It requires software that solves simultaneous nonlinear equations. Potential users of the power method may not have access to commercial software packages (e.g., Mathematica, Fortran). Therefore, algorithms are presented in the more commonly available Excel 2003 spreadsheets. The algorithms solve for (1) coefficients for polynomials of order three, (2) intermediate correlations and Cholesky factorizations for multivariate data generation, and (3) the values of skew and kurtosis for determining if a transformation will produce a valid power method probability density function (pdf). The Excel …

A Discretized Approach To Flexibly Fit Generalized Lambda Distributions To Data, Steve Su

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

This article presents a flexible approach to fit statistical distribution to data. It optimizes the bin-width of data histogram to find a suitable generalized lambda distribution. In addition to the default optimization, this approach provides additional flexibility akin to the concepts of loess and kernel smoothing, which allow the users to determine the amount of details they would like to smooth over the data. The approach presented in this article will allow users to visually compare and choose the parameters of generalized lambda distribution that best suit their purposes of study.

A Single, Powerful, Nonparametric Statistic For Continuous-Data Telecommunications Parity Testing, J. D. Opdyke

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Since the enactment of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, extensive expert testimony has justified use of the modified t statistic (Brownie et al., 1990) for performing two-sample hypothesis tests comparing Bell companies’ CLEC and ILEC performance measurement data (known as parity testing). However, Opdyke (Telecommunications Policy, 2004) demonstrated this statistic to be potentially manipulable and to have literally zero power to detect inferior CLEC service provision under a wide range of relevant data conditions. This article develops a single, nonparametric statistic that is easily implemented (i.e., not computationally intensive) and typically provides dramatic power gains over the modified t while …

Testing Goodness Of Fit Of The Geometric Distribution: An Application To Human Fecundability Data, Sudhir R. Paul

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A measure of reproduction in human fecundability studies is the number of menstrual cycles required to achieve pregnancy which is assumed to follow a geometric distribution with parameter p. Tests of heterogeneity in the fecundability data through goodness of fit tests of the geometric distribution are developed, along with a likelihood ratio test statistic and a score test statistic. Simulations show both are liberal, and empirical level of the likelihood ratio statistic is larger than that of the score test statistic. A power comparison shows that the likelihood ratio test has a power advantage. A bootstrap p-value procedure using the …

Estimation Of Process Variances In Robust Parameter Designs, T. K. Mak, Fassil Nebebe

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The modeling of variation through interactions is appealing in crossed array design as it leads to greater robustness to certain type of model misspecification. As an alternative to signal-to-noise analysis, a new, systematic method based on Taguchi type crossed array design is given. It is shown in this article that when fractional factorial design is used for the outer array, the crossed array design is not robust to the presence of noise-noise interactions and a method of rectifying the problem is suggested.

Simulation Procedure In Periodic Cancer Screening Trials, Ioana Barnicescu, Ricolindo L. Cariño

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A general simulation procedure is described to validate model fitting algorithms for complex likelihood functions that are utilized in periodic cancer screening trials. Although screening programs have existed for a few decades, there are still many unsolved problems, such as how age or hormone affects the screening sensitivity, the sojourn time in the preclinical state, and the transition probability from diseasefree state to the preclinical state. Simulations are needed to check reliability or validity of the likelihood function combined with the associated effect functions. One bottleneck in the simulation procedure is the very time consuming calculations of the maximum likelihood …

Inference On (Y < X) In A Pareto Distribution, M. Masoom Ali, Jungsoo Woo

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Inference on the reliability R = P(Y < X) in a Pareto distribution with a known scale parameter is considered. Point estimates and confidence intervals of R are obtained a test of hypothesis is also considered.

Nonparametric Pooling And Testing Of Preference Ratings For Full-Profile Conjoint Analysis Experiments, Rosa Arboretti G., Marco Marozzi, Luigi Salmaso

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The problem of pooling customer preference ratings within a conjoint analysis experiment has been addressed. A method based on the nonparametric combination of rankings has been proposed to compete with the usual method based on the arithmetic mean. This method is nonparametric with respect to the underlying dependence structure and so no dependence model must be assumed. The two methods have been compared using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and related test. Moreover, a further nonparametric testing method has been considered and proposed; this method takes both correlation and distance between ranks into account. By means of a simulation study it …

Statistical Pronouncements Iv, Jmasm Editors

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

No abstract provided.

Jmasm20: Exact Permutation Critical Values For The Kruskal-Wallis One-Way Anova, Justice I. Odiase, Sunday M. Ogbonmwan

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The exhaustive enumeration of all the permutations of the observations in an experiment is the only possible way of truly constructing exact tests of significance. The permutation paradigm requires no distributional assumptions and works well with values that are normal, almost normal and non-normally distributed. The Kruskal-Wallis test does not require the assumptions that the samples are from normal populations and that the samples have the same standard deviation. In this article, the exact permutation distribution of the Kruskal-Wallis test statistic is generated empirically by actually obtaining all the distinct permutations of an experiment. The tables of exact critical values …

Statistical Model And Estimation Of The Optimum Price For A Chain Of Price Setting Firms, Chengjie Xiong, Kejun Zhu

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A stochastic approach is used to model the economics of a chain of price setting firms. It is assumed that these firms have fixed capacities in their products, but random demands for their products. The optimum price, the optimum revenue, and the expected marginal revenue at a given price are investigated. The method of maximum likelihood is used to provide both point and confidence interval estimates. The coverage probabilities of confidence interval estimates based on a simulation study are presented.

The Influence Of Reliability On Four Rules For Determining The Number Of Components To Retain, Gibbs Y. Kanyongo

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Imperfectly reliable scores impact the performance of factor analytic procedures. A series of Monte Carlo studies was conducted to generate scores with known component structure from population matrices with varying levels of reliability. The scores were submitted to four procedures: Kaiser rule, scree plot, parallel analysis, and modified Horn’s parallel analysis to find if each procedure accurately determines the number of components at the different reliability levels. The performance of each procedure was judged by the percentage of the number of times that the procedure was correct and the mean components that each procedure extracted in each cell. Generally, the …

Corrections For Type I Error In Social Science Research: A Disconnect Between Theory And Practice, Kenneth Lachlan, Patric R. Spence

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Type I errors are a common problem in factorial ANOVA and ANOVA based analyses. Despite decades of literature offering solutions to the Type I error problems associated with multiple significance tests, simple solutions such as Bonferroni corrections have been largely ignored by social scientists. To examine this discontinuity between theory and practice, a content analysis was performed on 5 flagship social science journals. Results indicate that corrections for Type I error are seldom utilized, even in designs so complicated as to almost guarantee erroneous rejection of null hypotheses.

Model Selection Of Meat Demand System Using The Rotterdam Model And The Almost Ideal Demand System (Aids), Maria Divina S. Paraguas, Anton Abdulbasah Kamil

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Aggregated time series data for differentiated meat products namely, beef, pork, poultry, and mutton were used to estimate and analyze Malaysian market demand for meats. The study aimed to select the most appropriate demand model between the equally popular Rotterdam model and the first difference Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) model by using a non-nested test. Both models were accepted, but further diagnostic tests revealed that the first difference LA/AIDS represents more appropriately the Malaysian market demand for meat than the Rotterdam model. Also, the elasticities from the first difference LA/AIDS were found to be more reliable than …

Statistical Methods And Artificial Neural Networks, Mammadagha Mammadov, Berna Yazici, Şenay Yolaçan, Atilla Aslanargun, Ali Fuat YüZer, Embiya Ağaoğlu

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Artificial Neural Networks and statistical methods are applied on real data sets for forecasting, classification, and clustering problems. Hybrid models for two components are examined on different data sets; tourist arrival forecasting to Turkey, macro-economic problem on rescheduling of the countries’ international debts, and grouping twenty-five European Union member and four candidate countries according to macro-economic indicators.

Jmasm25: Computing Percentiles Of Skew-Normal Distributions, Sikha Bagui, Subhash Bagui

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

An algorithm and code is provided for computing percentiles of skew-normal distributions with parameter λ using Monte Carlo methods. A critical values table was created for various parameter values of λ at various probability levels of α . The table will be useful to practitioners as it is not available in the literature.

Applications Of Some Improved Estimators In Linear Regression, B. M. Golam Kibria

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The problem of estimation of the regression coefficients under multicollinearity situation for the restricted linear model is discussed. Some improve estimators are considered, including the unrestricted ridge regression estimator (URRE), restricted ridge regression estimator (RRRE), shrinkage restricted ridge regression estimator (SRRRE), preliminary test ridge regression estimator (PTRRE), and restricted Liu estimator (RLIUE). The were compared based on the sampling variance-covariance criterion. The RRRE dominates other ridge estimators when the restriction does or does not hold. A numerical example was provided. The RRRE performed equivalently or better than the RLIUE in the sense of having smaller sampling variance.

Functional Characterization Of Core Promoter Elements: The Downstream Core Element Is Recognized By Taf1, Dong-Hoon Lee, Naum I. Gershenzon, Malavika Gupta, Ilya P. Ioshikhes, Danny Reinberg, Brian A. Lewis

Physics Faculty Publications

Downstream elements are a newly appreciated class of core promoter elements of RNA polymerase II-transcribed genes. The downstream core element (DCE) was discovered in the human β-globin promoter, and its sequence composition is distinct from that of the downstream promoter element (DPE). We show here that the DCE is a bona fide core promoter element present in a large number of promoters and with high incidence in promoters containing a TATA motif. Database analysis indicates that the DCE is found in diverse promoters, supporting its functional relevance in a variety of promoter contexts. The DCE consists of …

Safety Evaluation Report: Humboldt Bay Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation, Author N/A

Local Reports and Publications

DOCKET NO. 72-27

Materials License No. SNM-2514

27th Annual Umm Concert Band Festival, University Relations

Campus News Archive

Approximately 100 student musicians from high schools statewide will participate in the 27th Annual Concert Band Festival November 12 at the University of Minnesota, Morris.

Umm Community Shares Rick Rose Memories, University Relations

Campus News Archive

Memorial service on the campus mall provides an opportunity for friends and family to honor student Rick Rose's memory and to comfort one another.

Jazz Musicians' Benefit For Alumna, University Relations

Campus News Archive

New Orleans is known for its jazz. That's probably what attracted University of Minnesota, Morris alumna Nancy (Rippe) Burtchaell ‘88, originally from Glenwood, to the city.

Modeling And Measuring The Nocturnal Drainage Flow In A High-Elevation, Subalpine Forest With Complex Terrain, Chuixiang Yi, Russell K. Monson, Zhiqiang Zhai, Dean E. Anderson, Brian Lamb, Gene Allwine, Andrew A. Turnipseed, Sean P. Burns

Publications and Research

The nocturnal drainage flow of air causes significant uncertainty in ecosystem CO₂, H₂O, and energy budgets determined with the eddy covariance measurement approach. In this study, we examined the magnitude, nature, and dynamics of the nocturnal drainage flow in a subalpine forest ecosystem with complex terrain. We used an experimental approach involving four towers, each with vertical profiling of wind speed to measure the magnitude of drainage flows and dynamics in their occurrence. We developed an analytical drainage flow model, constrained with measurements of canopy structure and SF₆ diffusion, to help us interpret the tower …

Winona Laduke To Speak At Umm, University Relations

Campus News Archive

No abstract provided.