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2005

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The Land's Turn, Philip M. Weinstein Jan 2005

The Land's Turn, Philip M. Weinstein

English Literature Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

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Charter Schools In An Arena Of Competitive Educational Reforms: An Analysis Of The 1999-2000 Schools And Staffing Survey, Zeng Lin, Dianne C. Gardner, W. Paul Vogt Jan 2005

Charter Schools In An Arena Of Competitive Educational Reforms: An Analysis Of The 1999-2000 Schools And Staffing Survey, Zeng Lin, Dianne C. Gardner, W. Paul Vogt

Mid-Western Educational Researcher

Accountability, choice, equity, and social cohesion are core parts of the public debates over the charter school movement. To examine these important issues, we utilize the 1999-2000 Schools and Staffing Survey to estimate the possible charter effect on public and private schools. Analyses of charter, public, and private schools suggest that they may co-exist in a competitive education system because each type of school demonstrates different advantages that present potentially attractive conditions for children. The charter movement has changed the landscape of competitive education reform in the United States. It is premature, however, to claim that the charter movement has …

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Women's Participation In Disaster Relief And Recovery, Ayse Yonder, Sengul Akcar, Prema Gopalan Jan 2005

Women's Participation In Disaster Relief And Recovery, Ayse Yonder, Sengul Akcar, Prema Gopalan

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Too little attention has been given to the gender-differentiated effects of natural disasters, that is, women’s losses relative to men’s, how women’s work time and conditions change (both in terms of care-giving and income-generating work), or how disaster-related aid and entitlement programs include or marginalize affected women. The detailed case studies from three earthquake-stricken areas in India and Turkey that are contained in this issue of SEEDS help fill this information gap. They provide examples of how low-income women who have lost everything can form groups and become active participants in the relief and recovery process. Readers learn how women …

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Reciprocal Effects Of Health And Economic Well-Being Among Older Adults In Taiwan And Beijing, Kristine R. Baker, Mary Beth Ofstedal, Zachary Zimmer, Zhe Tang, Yi-Li Chuang Jan 2005

Reciprocal Effects Of Health And Economic Well-Being Among Older Adults In Taiwan And Beijing, Kristine R. Baker, Mary Beth Ofstedal, Zachary Zimmer, Zhe Tang, Yi-Li Chuang

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The objectives of this Population Council study are threefold: 1) to examine whether socioeconomic status disparities in health are found in non-Western settings; 2) to assess whether socioeconomic status gradients in health endure into older ages; and 3) to evaluate the direction of causality between health and socioeconomic status. Findings provide evidence for reciprocal effects of economic well-being and health among older adults in both Taiwan and Beijing. Those with higher levels of economic well-being have lower levels of functional limitation over time, and those with higher levels of functional limitation have lower levels of economic well-being over time. Consistent …

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The Impact Of Childhood Mortality On Fertility In Six Rural Thanas Of Bangladesh, Mian Bazle Hossain, James F. Phillips, Thomas K. Legrand Jan 2005

The Impact Of Childhood Mortality On Fertility In Six Rural Thanas Of Bangladesh, Mian Bazle Hossain, James F. Phillips, Thomas K. Legrand

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This Population Council working paper examines the causal structure of the relationship between child mortality events and subsequent fertility during a time of rapid decline in fertility in Bangladesh. Results lend support to the hypothesis of an insurance effect, while demonstrating that its demographic significance is likely to be less prominent than that of replacement behavior. Findings indicate that the insurance motive remains intact even after total fertility declined to fewer than three children per woman. The well-documented role of gender bias as a determinant of child health and survival is also a factor in child-replacement decisionmaking. Although the rapid …

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The Changing Context Of Sexual Initiation In Sub-Saharan Africa, Barbara Mensch, Monica J. Grant, Ann K. Blanc Jan 2005

The Changing Context Of Sexual Initiation In Sub-Saharan Africa, Barbara Mensch, Monica J. Grant, Ann K. Blanc

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This working paper investigates the links between changing age at marriage and premarital sexual behavior in 27 sub-Saharan African countries in which Demographic and Health Surveys were conducted between 1994 and 2003. Using multiple-decrement life tables to examine the competing risks of premarital sex and marriage without prior sexual experience, we answer the largely unaddressed question of how reductions in the prevalence of early marriage have affected the likelihood of initiating premarital sex. Our analysis reveals that although the age of first sexual activity has either remained the same or increased, a shift in the context of sexual debut from …

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The Quantum And Tempo Of Life-Cycle Events, John Bongaarts, Griffith Feeney Jan 2005

The Quantum And Tempo Of Life-Cycle Events, John Bongaarts, Griffith Feeney

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This Research Division working paper develops and applies a general framework for the analysis of the period quantum and tempo of life-cycle events, extending methods developed previously by the authors. The existence of tempo distortions is demonstrated in selected period quantum measures such as the total fertility rate and in period tempo measures such as life expectancy. A tempo distortion is defined as an undesirable inflation or deflation of a period quantum or tempo indicator of a life-cycle event, such as birth, marriage, or death, that results from a rise or fall in the mean age at which the event …

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How Many Years Of Life Could Be Saved If Malaria Were Eliminated From A Hyperendemic Area Of Northern Ghana?, Ayaga A. Bawah, Fred N. Binka Jan 2005

How Many Years Of Life Could Be Saved If Malaria Were Eliminated From A Hyperendemic Area Of Northern Ghana?, Ayaga A. Bawah, Fred N. Binka

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

For some time, Chinese government policies have treated rural and urban areas very differently, and a by-product of China’s rapid development seems to be an even greater differentiation between urban and rural social and economic life. Over the next several decades, in part because of rapid fertility declines and in part as a result of mortality declines at older ages, China and other developing countries will experience enormous increases in the proportion of older adults and the proportion of the “oldest-old.” It is reasonable to expect that these age structure changes will alter the provision of health care, making an …

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Vol. 33, No. 3: Full Issue, Denver Journal Of International Law & Policy Jan 2005

Vol. 33, No. 3: Full Issue, Denver Journal Of International Law & Policy

Denver Journal of International Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

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Female Circumcision In Africa: Procedures, Rationales, Solutions, And The Road To Recovery, Shayla Mcgee Jan 2005

Female Circumcision In Africa: Procedures, Rationales, Solutions, And The Road To Recovery, Shayla Mcgee

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.

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Digging Through Discarded Identity: Archaeological Investigations Around The Kitchen And The Overseer's House At Whitney Plantation, Louisiana, Erika Sabine Roberts Jan 2005

Digging Through Discarded Identity: Archaeological Investigations Around The Kitchen And The Overseer's House At Whitney Plantation, Louisiana, Erika Sabine Roberts

LSU Master's Theses

During the mid-nineteenth century, the Haydel family was prominent sugar planters in southern Louisiana. Their plantation, Whitney Plantation (16SJB11), lies on the highway 18 on the west bank of the Mississippi River in Wallace, Louisiana. During the summer of 2002 archaeological investigations were conducted around the kitchen and the overseer’s house, in order to collect a sample of materials associated with these occupants. I hoped that the artifacts could yield information on how the planter and overseer family represented themselves materially. Although what I excavated was the discarded remnants of the Haydel family’s life, these remnants offer an understanding of …

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Admissions Brochure 2005-2006, William & Mary Law School Jan 2005

Admissions Brochure 2005-2006, William & Mary Law School

Admissions Brochures

No abstract provided.

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Christians Against Globalization In The Philippines, Kathy Nadeau Jan 2005

Christians Against Globalization In The Philippines, Kathy Nadeau

Anthropology Faculty Publications

This paper focuses on the Basic Christian Communities in the Philippines that work to counter human and environmental rights violations resulting from macro-economic development processes. While not every activist-led and mass-based people's movement includes critical environmental issues on their agendas for social change, this paper directs its attention to the progressive Basic Christian Community movement that incorporates an environmentally concerned and team-oriented approach to problem solving at the local level. This movement is part of an international bottom-up effort to counteract some of the negative effects of global capitalism (e.g., the fragmentation of close-knit communities that were once based on …

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Baseball And Steroids In The News: How Politicians And Reporters Construct The News, Claudia Kozman Jan 2005

Baseball And Steroids In The News: How Politicians And Reporters Construct The News, Claudia Kozman

LSU Master's Theses

This study is a content analysis of newspaper coverage of baseball and steroids. The data are a random sample from four newspapers: Los Angeles Times, The New York Times, The San Francisco Chronicle, and The Washington Post. The period under study consists of 77 weeks, from April 10th, 2003, to December 9th, 2004. The results supported four hypotheses and negated one. Analysis showed that the issue of baseball and steroids was not institution-driven news; it was the result of governmental action, events outside of government, and local interest. The number of stories rose after governmental action. It also rose after …

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Quiet Revolutions: Neighborhood Urban Forestry Programs, Ann Mccoy Allen Jan 2005

Quiet Revolutions: Neighborhood Urban Forestry Programs, Ann Mccoy Allen

LSU Master's Theses

This study seeks to identify the key components that would enable neighborhoods to become responsible for the trees under which they dwell-their urban forest. Guidelines will be established for neighborhoods to use to compose a plan that allows them to create and sustain the tree population specific to their needs and desires. To develop these guidelines, this study is divided into two parts. The first section examines urban forestry. This review revealed several issues pertinent to urban forestry: (1) The urban forest is crucial to the health and beauty of the city and is directly linked to the well-being of …

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Fashion Involvement Of Affluent Female Consumers, Robin Danielle Mcfatter Jan 2005

Fashion Involvement Of Affluent Female Consumers, Robin Danielle Mcfatter

LSU Master's Theses

Fashion involvement is a consumer’s perceived importance of fashion clothing (O’Cass, 2001). It is important to investigate fashion involvement to understand consumer purchase behavior and to develop improved marketing strategies. Although researchers agree that consumers consider apparel purchases to be important, there has been little research done regarding fashion involvement (O’Cass, 2000) of affluent female consumers. The purpose of this study was to measure the fashion involvement of selected affluent female consumers from eight metropolitan areas in the United States and to identify relationships between fashion involvement and other selected variables. After controlling for socioeconomic demographic characteristics, the following variables …

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Petite Women: Fit And Body Shape Analysis, Lisa Barona Mcroberts Jan 2005

Petite Women: Fit And Body Shape Analysis, Lisa Barona Mcroberts

LSU Master's Theses

Only small quantities of apparel are available to the domestic petite sector, and they do not fit well due to lack of attention to proportion. In addition, other factors contributing to improper fit are a sizing system based on outdated anthropometric data gathered in the 1930s to create the voluntary product standard PS 42-70, and a rising obesity problem, resulting in an array of figure type variations ranging from apple-shaped to pear-shaped women, as opposed to the industry focused hourglass shape. The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate fit and design with figure type variations for petite women, …

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Ecology Of Disjunct Cloud Forest Sugar Maple Populations (Acer Saccharum Subsp. Skutchii) In North And Central America, Yalma Luisa Vargas-Rodriguez Jan 2005

Ecology Of Disjunct Cloud Forest Sugar Maple Populations (Acer Saccharum Subsp. Skutchii) In North And Central America, Yalma Luisa Vargas-Rodriguez

LSU Master's Theses

The cloud forest sugar maple, Acer saccharum subsp. skutchii, occurs as five disjunct populations, four in Mexico and one in Guatemala. I assessed the current status, distribution, and environmental relations of forests containing these populations, and I compared the species composition of these forests with other temperate and cloud forests in North and Central America. I gave special emphasis to a recently discovered population in Talpa de Allende, Jalisco, Mexico, by assessing its tree richness and generic composition in a continental context. In the five studied cloud forest sugar maple populations, basal area of all trees ¡Ý1 cm DBH varied …

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Governor Kathleen Babineaux Blanco: Her Press Strategies And The Local Press, Brecke Megan Latham Jan 2005

Governor Kathleen Babineaux Blanco: Her Press Strategies And The Local Press, Brecke Megan Latham

LSU Master's Theses

This thesis focuses on Louisiana Governor Kathleen Babineaux Blanco’s press strategies. The first section of the paper provides the standard and documented description of the role and press strategy for a governor. The second section provides a background of the responsibility of the press within a democratic society in the context of the Social Responsibility Theory. The third section examines what elements define a press/politico relationship and what defines positive and negative aspects related to this type of relationship. This research utilizes a qualitative research design, including in-depth interviews, participatory observation/field notes and case studies. Perceptions, derived from the governor’s …

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Do You Speak English?: A Study On English Language Proficiency Testing Of Hispanic Defendants In U.S. Criminal Courts, Jana Anette Radmann Jan 2005

Do You Speak English?: A Study On English Language Proficiency Testing Of Hispanic Defendants In U.S. Criminal Courts, Jana Anette Radmann

LSU Master's Theses

Hispanics are not only the largest language minority in the United States, but also in U.S. prisons. An increasing number of primarily Spanish-speaking defendants face the legal and linguistic challenges of a U.S. courtroom. Constitutional and statutory protections have been put in place to guarantee that non-native English defendants have access to a court interpreter during their trial. Yet, under these protections it is left to the presiding judge to determine whether a court interpreter is truly needed. Thus, the judge has to determine if the comprehension of the non-native English defendant is “sufficiently inhibited” as to require language assistance …

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Educational Mobility Among Licensed Practical Nurses: Facilitating And Impeding Factors., Ethel M. Jones Jan 2005

Educational Mobility Among Licensed Practical Nurses: Facilitating And Impeding Factors., Ethel M. Jones

All ETDs from UAB

No abstract provided.

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Interventions Linking Gender Relations And Violence With Reproductive Health And Hiv: Rationale, Effectiveness And Gaps, Jane Chege Jan 2005

Interventions Linking Gender Relations And Violence With Reproductive Health And Hiv: Rationale, Effectiveness And Gaps, Jane Chege

Reproductive Health

The past decade has witnessed much attention on the interrelationship between accepted gender norms and reproductive health (RH) outcomes in the context of HIV/AIDS. After decades of ignoring men in RH programmes, attention is now focusing on actively involving men in interrogating gender norms underpinning gender-based violence (GBV) in the context of RH and HIV/AIDS prevention, care and support activities. However, there are challenges in addressing gender norms and in male involvement. The purpose of this article is to highlight existing evidence-based efforts to challenge gender norms and promote constructive male involvement, with a special focus on South Africa; to …

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Transferring Ghana's System Of Evidence-Based Health Program Development: Program For An Initial Exchange With Sierra Leone And Burkina Faso, Frontiers In Reproductive Health Jan 2005

Transferring Ghana's System Of Evidence-Based Health Program Development: Program For An Initial Exchange With Sierra Leone And Burkina Faso, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

Ghana’s Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) experiment demonstrated that mobilizing community volunteerism, in combination with retraining and redeploying nurses to village-based locations reduced childhood mortality rates in that country. Thus, CHPS has become the government’s primary strategy for realizing universal access to health care. This report provides a description of an initial exchange organized by the Ghana Health Service, the Navrongo Health Research Centre, and the Population Council to explore ways of transferring and adapting these evidence-based strategies to other countries in the region. The exchange included representatives from the Sierra Leone Ministry of Health and Sanitation and the …

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Cross-Cultural Adaptation Of Reproductive Health Services In Bolivia, Fernando Gonzales Salguero, Antonieta Martin, Rosario Perez Mendoza, Ricardo Vernon Jan 2005

Cross-Cultural Adaptation Of Reproductive Health Services In Bolivia, Fernando Gonzales Salguero, Antonieta Martin, Rosario Perez Mendoza, Ricardo Vernon

Reproductive Health

The Bolivian Ministry of Health and Sports and the Integral Health Project, with the technical assistance of the Population Council’s Frontiers in Reproductive Health Program (FRONTIERS), tested several strategies to make health services in Bolivia more culturally appropriate for the country’s indigenous peoples. The goal of the project was to increase women’s access to, use of, and satisfaction with health services in general, and reproductive health services in particular, through: a) enhanced understanding and acceptance of the “other” culture; b) improving communication skills; c) facilitating and promoting use of the Quechua language in clinics; d) systematically screening clients’ health service …

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Operations Research To Improve Postabortion (Pac) Services In Three Public Hospitals, Bolivia, Fernando Gonzales Salguero, Mariel Loayza Jan 2005

Operations Research To Improve Postabortion (Pac) Services In Three Public Hospitals, Bolivia, Fernando Gonzales Salguero, Mariel Loayza

Reproductive Health

In the last five years, Pathfinder Bolivia has provided technical assistance, training and equipment to the Ministry of Health (MOH) to implement postabortion care (PAC) services in eight hospitals. They invited Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) to provide the technical assistance and training for conducting operations research (OR) activities. This report describes the second stage of this collaborative effort as presented in a three-day workshop attended by providers and staff members of the participant hospitals. During the workshop, participants received OR training and developed draft OR proposals seeking to improve PAC service delivery problems identified during the first study. The …

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Use Of Systematic Screening To Increase The Provision Of Reproductive Health Services In Bolivia, James R. Foreit, Ricardo Vernon, Patricia Riveros Hamel Jan 2005

Use Of Systematic Screening To Increase The Provision Of Reproductive Health Services In Bolivia, James R. Foreit, Ricardo Vernon, Patricia Riveros Hamel

Reproductive Health

The objective of this study was to determine if the use of a checklist to screen for unmet service needs could increase the number of services per visit provided to clients using rural Bolivian health facilities. Measurement included changes in services per visit before and after the introduction of the intervention, and a comparison of services received at screened and non-screened visits. Findings show that, to the degree that provider compliance can be secured, systematic screening of clients appears to be an effective method for reducing unmet health service needs. The findings of this study replicate those of other studies …

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Willingness-To-Pay For Services Provided By The Clinical Services Improvement Project (Csi) In Egypt, John H. Bratt, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Magdi A. Ibrahim, Mohammed Edress Jan 2005

Willingness-To-Pay For Services Provided By The Clinical Services Improvement Project (Csi) In Egypt, John H. Bratt, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Magdi A. Ibrahim, Mohammed Edress

Reproductive Health

Willingness-to-pay (WTP) surveys are increasingly used in reproductive health programs to predict the impact of price changes on revenues, utilization, and client profile. The FRONTIERS program worked with the Clinical Services Improvement (CSI) project and the Cairo Demographic Center to carry out a WTP survey in six CSI clinics in Egypt. The survey found that most clients would be willing to pay higher prices for CSI services, and WTP did not vary much by client economic status. However, predictive validity was low when all reasons for client discontinuation were included. WTP surveys have the potential to be useful tools for …

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An Assessment Of Trends In The Use Of The Iud In Ghana: National Results Dissemination And Utilization, Ivy Osei, John Gyapong, Monica Wanjiru, Ian Askew Jan 2005

An Assessment Of Trends In The Use Of The Iud In Ghana: National Results Dissemination And Utilization, Ivy Osei, John Gyapong, Monica Wanjiru, Ian Askew

Reproductive Health

The overall aim of this study was to inform the Ghana Health Service, USAID, and other partners involved in providing family planning services in Ghana about future directions that could be taken to reinvigorate the IUD within the context of a family planning service based on the principles of free and informed choice. The Health Research Unit conducted the study, with technical assistance from FRONTIERS and funding from USAID. The findings showed that the declining interest in and use of the IUD as a family planning method could be attributed to several factors, including negative perceptions and false beliefs about …

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Improving The Ghanaian Safe Motherhood Programme, Ivy Osei, Bertha Garshong, Gertrude Banahene, John Gyapong, Placide Tapsoba, Ian Askew, Clement Ahiadeke, Richard Killian, Edward Bonku, Perle Combary, William Sampson Jan 2005

Improving The Ghanaian Safe Motherhood Programme, Ivy Osei, Bertha Garshong, Gertrude Banahene, John Gyapong, Placide Tapsoba, Ian Askew, Clement Ahiadeke, Richard Killian, Edward Bonku, Perle Combary, William Sampson

Reproductive Health

Prior to the Ghana Ministry of Health scaling up the country’s Safe Motherhood program, they requested support from the Population Council’s USAID-funded Frontiers in Reproductive Health program to undertake an operations research study to evaluate and compare the cost-effectiveness of two training approaches and other performance improvement interventions. The study measured and compared changes in provider knowledge and skills and the costs of implementing a three-week residential vs. self-paced learning (SPL) approach. The SPL approach costs more per trainer than the traditional residential approach, both in financial costs alone and when opportunity costs are added, however, a cost-effectiveness analysis showed …

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Improving Access To Long-Term Contraceptives In Rural Guatemala Through The Ministry Of Health, Edwin Montufar, Carlos Morales, Ricardo Vernon, Carlos Brambila, Jorge Solorzano Jan 2005

Improving Access To Long-Term Contraceptives In Rural Guatemala Through The Ministry Of Health, Edwin Montufar, Carlos Morales, Ricardo Vernon, Carlos Brambila, Jorge Solorzano

Reproductive Health

The purpose of this study was to test a model to train nurse auxiliaries at health centers and posts in Guatemala and to determine whether these providers could deliver adequate, cost-effective services. The training model consisted of: a) selection of nurse auxiliaries; b) two-day group training; c) on-the-job training, including work with actual clients at the trainees’ work centers; and d) certification of trainees who had conducted at least five quality insertions under supervision. This study has shown that nonprofessional health providers can effectively provide quality IUD services in Guatemala. The main recommendation derived from the project is to scale …

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