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Calculation Of The One- And Two-Loop Lamb Shift For Arbitrary Excited Hydrogenic States, Andrzej Czarnecki, Ulrich D. Jentschura, Krzysztof Pachucki

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

General expressions for quantum electrodynamic corrections to the one-loop self-energy [of order α(Zα)⁶] and for the two-loop Lamb shift [of order α²(Zα)⁶] are derived. The latter includes all diagrams with closed fermion loops. The general results are valid for arbitrary excited non-S hydrogenic states and for the normalized Lamb shift difference of S states, defined as Δ_n=n³ΔE(nS)-ΔE(1S). We present numerical results for one-loop and two-loop corrections for excited S, P, and D states. In particular, the normalized Lamb shift difference of S states is calculated with an uncertainty of order …

Sub-Femtosecond Correlated Dynamics Explored With Antiprotons, J. Ullrich, A. Dorn, Daniel Fischer, R. Moshammer, B. Najjari, Michael Schulz, A. B. Voitkiv, C. P. Welsch

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Ionizing collisions of antiprotons with atoms or molecules at energies between a few keV up to about one MeV provide a unique tool to explore correlated dynamics of electrons at large perturbations on a time scale between several femtoseconds (1 fs = 10^-15 s) down to some tens of attoseconds (1 as = 10^-18 s). Exploiting and developing many-particle imaging methods - Reaction-Microscopes - integrated into a novel ultra-low energy storage ring (USR) for slow antiprotons will enable to access for the first time fully differential cross sections for single and multiple ionization in such collisions. Moreover, the …

Institutions, Wages, And Inequality: The Case Of Europe And Its Periphery (1500-1899), Davin Chor

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper explores the long-run relationship between institutions and wage outcomes in Europe and its periphery. I find that cities that exercised stronger institutional protection of private property experienced: (i) higher levels of both skilled and unskilled real wages, as well as (ii) lower levels of inequality as measured by the skilled-unskilled wage ratio. While the first result corroborates existing work on the positive growth effects of better institutions, the second finding is more novel to the literature. Some explanations are proposed for how stronger institutions can cause an increase in the relative supply of skilled workers, thus lowering wage …

Q-Convergence With Interquartile Ranges, Sung Jin Kang, Myoung-Jae Lee

Research Collection School Of Economics

We introduce a new convergence concept ‘Q-convergence’ which defines convergence in national incomes as a shrinking interquartile range (IQR) of the national income distribution. Compared with the other convergence definitions in the literature, Q-convergence has the following advantages. First, IQR, which represents dispersion and inequality of the income distribution, is also closely linked to the two-group clustering with the lower and upper quartiles being the ‘centers’ of the two groups. Second, IQR is equivariant to increasing transformations and thus reconciles better conflicting empirical findings using level or log data. Third, IQR is insensitive to outliers, leading to robust statistical inferences. …

The Optimal Design Of Fallible Organizations: Invariance Of Optimal Decision Criterion And Uniqueness Of Hierarchy And Polyarchy Structures, Winston T. H. Koh

Research Collection School Of Economics

We present a general framework to study the project selection problem in an organization of fallible decision-makers. We show that when the organizational size and the majority rule for project acceptance are optimized simultaneously, the optimal quality of decision-making, as determined by the decision criterion, is invariant, and depends only on the expertise of decision-makers. This result clarifies that the circumstances under which the decision-making quality varies with the organizational structure are situations where the organizational size or majority rule is restricted from reaching the optimal level. Moreover, in contrast to earlier findings in the literature that the hierarchy and …

Numerical Integration Strategy For Generating Root Migration Diagrams, Deepak H. Panduranga

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Evans root locus is a graphical method for analyzing or designing the stability and performance of a single channel closed-loop system. The method consists of plotting the locus of closed-loop characteristic equation roots in the complex plane as the loop gain parameter is varied over a wide range of values. Several methods for plotting the root locus graph exist and can be mainly classified into two types: analytical methods and numerical methods. The most common numerical method is based on polynomial factoring or root solving. A less common, alternative method for generating the root locus graph is based on numerical …

Uni Schedule Of Classes, Fall 2005, University Of Northern Iowa

UNI Schedule of Classes

A listing and schedule of the courses being taught as well as policies and procedures concerning attending classes at the University of Northern Iowa.

Law's Ambition And The Reconstruction Of Role Morality In Canada, David M. Tanovich

Dalhousie Law Journal

There is a growing disconnect and alienation between lawyers and the legal profession in Canada. One cause, which is the focus ofthe article, is philosophical in nature. There appears to be a disconnect between the role lawyers want to pursue (i.e., a facilitator of justice) and the role that they perceive the profession demands they play (i.e., a hired gun). The article argues that this perception is a mistaken one. Over the last fifteen years, we have been engaged in a process of role morality reconstruction. Under this reconstructed institutional role, an ethic of client-centred zealous advocacy has slowly begun …

Damages For Mental Distress And Other Intangible Loss In A Commercial Context, Shannon O'Byrne

Dalhousie Law Journal

As a general rule, contracts law does not permit an award of general damages for mental distress or other intangible loss. There are several rationales for this, including: plaintiffs are to bear their disappointment or upset with mental fortitude; without the rule, courts would be awash in litigation since every breach of contract brings with it some degree of emotional distress; without the rule, plaintiffs may fabricate or exaggerate the degree of their upset; and the rule simply reflects the lack of foreseeability of such loss under Hadley v. Baxendale. Notwithstanding the general rule, courts have awarded mental distress in …

Accountants, Privilege, And The Problem Of Working Papers, Paul Paton

Dalhousie Law Journal

Full and frank disclosure between corporate issuers and their auditors and accounting advisors is critical for maintaining access to the information required for audits and public confidence in the capital markets. While tax authorities in the United States, Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom have the power to make broad requests for working papers, in all four jurisdictions, legislation or administrative practice reflects the determination that the best approach for balancing tax and capital markets requirements is for the revenue authorities to seek working papers only in exceptional circumstances. Additionally, limited forms of privilege for accountants have been recognized …

The Big Chill?: Contextual Judgment After R. V Hamilton, Richard Devlin, Matthew Sherrard

Dalhousie Law Journal

The tone and thrust of the Ontario Court ofAppeal's decision in R. v. Hamilton will serve to chill efforts by sentencing judges to tailor their responsibilities to accord with the recognized realities of systemic and intersectional inequality in Canadian society The decision presents an unduly conservative response to the judicial function question, and an understandable, if excessively cautious, answer with regard to the application of systemic, intersectional inequality issues in practice. Specifically, the decision underplays the overall remedial goal of section 718 of the Criminal Code by overemphasizing the particularity of Aboriginal peoples, and ignoring the specificity of especially vulnerable …

Relationships Of Intercropped Maize, Stem Borer Damage To Maize Yield And Land-Use Efficiency In The Humid Forest Of Cameroon, A. Chabi-Olaye, C. Nolte, F. Schulthess, C. Borgemeister

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Stem borers are the most important maize pests in the humid forest zone of Cameroon. Field trials were conducted in the long and short rainy seasons of 2002 and 2003 to assess the level of damage and yield reductions caused by stem borers in monocropped maize and in maize intercropped with non-host plants such as cassava, cowpea and soybean. The intercrops were planted in two spatial arrangements, i.e. alternating hills or alternating rows. All intercrops and the maize monocrop were grown with and without insecticide treatment for assessment of maize yield loss due to borer attacks. The land-use efficiency of …

Beaver (Castor Canadensis) Impacts On Herbaceous And Woody Vegetation In Southeastern Georgia, Jessica R. Brzyski

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

North American beavers are considered ecosystem engineers. Their activities can quickly and drastically alter habitat properties and perhaps permit highly aggressive colonizing plants, notably non-native species, to invade and potentially dominate. This study examined if beavers in southeastern Georgia have an effect on the terrestrial plant community. Sampling areas included beaver modified (N=9) and nearby but relatively non-impacted riparian habitat (N=9) in a matched pairs design. Vegetation surveys were performed in spring and summer. Species richness was calculated for herbs, vines, woody seedlings, and woody vegetation. Richness of herbaceous vegetation was higher at distances closer to shore while richness of …

Estimated Age Effects In Baseball, Ray C. Fair

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Age effects in baseball are estimated in this paper using a nonlinear fixed-effects regression. The sample consists of all players who have played 10 or more “full-time” ’ years in the major leagues between 1921 and 2004. Quadratic improvement is assumed up to a peak-performance age, which is estimated, and then quadratic decline after that, where the two quadratics need not be the same. Each player has his own constant term. The results show that aging effects are larger for pitchers than for batters and larger for baseball than for track and field, running, and swimming events and for chess. …

The Nature And Enforcement Of Investor Rights Under Investment Treaties: Do Investment Treaties Have A Bright Future, Susan Franck

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

The number of investment treaties has surged in the past decade. Even now, the United States and Canada are actively engaged in programs designed to facilitate the completion of multilateral treaties such as the Dominican Republic-Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) and Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs). These investment treaties act like economic bills of rights, which grant foreign investors substantive protections and procedural rights to facilitate investment. Sovereigns, meanwhile, may benefit from these treaties by obtaining increased foreign direct investment, which may promote the development of their country's infrastructure 6 and offer citizens basic services including access to clean water, …

Computational Analysis And Validation Of The Hans Head And Neck Support, Kapil Tyagi

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

One of the major causes of racing fatalities is basilar skull fracture from excessive head motions and neck loading in a frontal impact. There are many head/neck restraints available in the market but HANS head and neck support has proved to be the most efficient one in sled testing. This paper evaluates and compares the performance of the HANS device in MAthematical DYnamic MOdel (MADYMO) software with the sled testing. The tests were conducted for the frontal impact motions, with a crash pulse of 45 G's.

The goal of the tests was to evaluate the performance of HANS without the …

Pascal Was No Fideist, David J. Baggett

SOR Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Fourier Transform Analysis Of Terahertz Radiation, Chikaodira N. Okpo

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Advances in terahertz radiation (T-rays) technology have great promise in various technological areas ranging from medical technology, imaging technology and accelerator technology. At Thomas Jefferson Laboratory, the Free Electron Laser division (FEL) produces very powerful beam of laser light by accelerating electrons in bunches along a beamline. This laser light absorbs and releases energy at various wavelengths. The new FEL upgrade led to the production of very bright terahertz (THz) radiation with an average power of 1 00watts which is about 100,000 times brighter than those produced elsewhere. These T-rays have very significant applications in the Laboratory. The most significant …

Will Travel For Food: Spatial Discounting In Two New World Monkeys, Jeffrey R. Stevens, Alexandra G. Rosati, Kathryn R. Ross, Marc D. Hauser

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Nonhuman animals steeply discount the future, showing a preference for small, immediate over large, delayed rewards [1–5]. Currently unclear is whether discounting functions depend on context. Here, we examine the effects of spatial context on discounting in cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) and common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), species known to differ in temporal discounting [5]. We presented subjects with a choice between small, nearby rewards and large, distant rewards. Tamarins traveled farther for the large reward than marmosets, attending to the ratio of reward differences rather than their absolute values. This species difference contrasts with performance on …

Enhanced Pathogenicity Of Candida Albicans Pre-Treated With Subinhibitory Concentrations Of Fluconazole In A Mouse Model Of Disseminated Candidiasis, Dhammika H.M.L.P. Navarathna, Jacob M. Hornby, Natasha Hoerrmann, Anne M. Parkhurst, Gerald E. Duhamel, Kenneth Nickerson

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Objectives: To investigate the relative pathogenicity of Candida albicans treated with subinhibitory concentrations of fluconazole in a mouse model of disseminated candidiasis. Previous studies indicate that these cells secrete 10 times more farnesol than do untreated cells. In our usage, subinhibitory means a concentration which causes a prominent decrease in turbidity but still allows some cell growth. Methods: C. albicans A72 cells were grown overnight in 0–5.0 mM fluconazole, washed, and inoculated in mice by tail vein injection. Groups of 15 or 16 mice were injected with 1.3 • 10⁶cells and mortality was recorded for 7 days post-inoculation. …

A Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Mutant Expressing A Baculovirus Inhibitor Of Apoptosis Gene In Place Of Latency-Associated Transcript Has A Wild-Type Reactivation Phenotype In The Mouse, Ling Jin, Guey-Chuen Perng, Kevin R. Mott, Nelson Osorio, Julie Naito, David J. Brick, Dale Carpenter, Clinton J. Jones, Steven L. Wechsler

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The latency-associated transcript (LAT) is essential for the wild-type herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) high-reactivation phenotype since LAT^- mutants have a low-reactivation phenotype. We previously reported that LAT can decrease apoptosis and proposed that this activity is involved in LAT’s ability to enhance the HSV-1 reactivation phenotype. The first 20% of the primary 8.3-kb LAT transcript is sufficient for enhancing the reactivation phenotype and for decreasing apoptosis, supporting this proposal. For this study, we constructed an HSV-1 LAT^- mutant that expresses the baculovirus antiapoptosis gene product cpIAP under control of the LAT promoter and in place of …

Mountain Plover Population Responses To Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs In Montana, Stephen J. Dinsmore, Gary C. White, Fritz L. Knopf

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

We studied a local population of mountain plovers (Charadrius montanus) in southern Phillips County, Montana, USA, from 1995 to 2000 to estimate annual rates of recruitment rate (f) and population change (λ). We used Pradel models, and we modeled λ as a constant across years, as a linear time trend, as year-specific, and with an additive effect of area occupied by prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus). We modeled recruitment rate (f) as a function of area occupied by prairie dogs with the remaining model structure identical to the best model used to estimate λ. Our results indicated …

Good Faith Business Judgment: A Theory Of Rhetoric In Corporate Law Jurisprudence, Sean J. Griffith

Duke Law Journal

This Article develops a theory of rhetoric in corporate law jurisprudence. It begins by examining a recent innovation in Delaware case law: the emerging principle of "good faith." Good faith is an old notion in law generally, but it offers to bring significant change to corporate law, including realignment of the business judgment rule and a shift in the traditional balance between the authority of boards and the accountability of boards to courts. This Article argues, however, that good faith functions as a rhetorical device rather than a substantive standard. That is, it operates as a speech act, a performance, …

Performance Evaluation Of Distributed Security Protocols Using Discrete Event Simulation, Meiyuan Zhao

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) that manages inter-domain routing on the Internet lacks security. Protective measures using public key cryptography introduce complexities and costs. To support authentication and other security functionality in large networks, we need public key infrastructures (PKIs). Protocols that distribute and validate certificates introduce additional complexities and costs. The certification path building algorithm that helps users establish trust on certificates in the distributed network environment is particularly complicated. Neither routing security nor PKI come for free. Prior to this work, the research study on performance issues of these large-scale distributed security systems was minimal. In this thesis, …

The Cytolethal Distending Toxin B Sub-Unit Of Helicobacter Hepaticus Is A Ca2+- And Mg2+-Dependent Neutral Nuclease, Rohana P. Dassanayake, Mark A. Griep, Gerald Duhamel

Mark A. Griep Publications

The cytolethal distending toxin B (CdtB) of the mouse pathogen Helicobacter hepaticus has cation binding and DNA catalysis residues in common with members of the mammalian deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) family. The purpose of the present study was to characterize CdtB nuclease. To establish optimal digestion conditions and to evaluate co-factor requirements, a novel and sensitive fl uorometric assay that quantitatively determines double stranded DNA digestion was developed. Although the Ca²⁺- and Mg²⁺-dependence and neutral properties of CdtB were similar to DNase I, hydrolysis of DNA by CdtB was approximately 100-fold less active than DNase I …

Perspective On Indicators Of Sustainability For The Gold And Silver Extraction Industry, Jarnes L. Hendrix

Papers in Sustainable Mining

No abstract provided.

Use Of Ultra-Lightweight Geofoam To Reduce Stresses In Highway Culvert Extensions, Liecheng Sun, Tommy C. Hopkins, Tony L. Beckham

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Culvert extension under highway embankment construction is a regular and important practice when roadway widening occurs. At some existing sites, concrete thickness and reinforcing steel of culvert tops and walls were stepped-down in sections of the culvert under the embankment slopes. The part of the culvert positioned under the embankment slopes was constructed weaker because the stresses under the portions of the slopes are much less than the stresses acting on the culvert section located under the main portion of the embankment. When additional fill is placed over the culvert due to roadway widening, much greater stresses are imposed on …

Bloodstream Infections In Pediatric Patients, Hanan A. Babay, Kingsley Twum-Danso, Abdelmageed M. Kambal, Fawzia E. Al-Otaibi

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: Blood stream infection (BSI) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients. This study aims to describe the clinical, microbiological characteristics and outcome of BSI in pediatric patients. METHODS: We collected the clinical data from all pediatric patients with positive blood cultures. We identified all isolates from these patients from January 2004 to December 2004 at King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and determined antimicrobial susceptibilities by MicroScan Walk Away 96 (Dade Behring Inc., West Sacramento, CA95691, USA). RESULTS: Two hundred and twenty pediatric patients had BSI, of whom 147 (67%) were males and …

Evaluation Of The Effect Of Trimetazidine On Tc-99m Methoxyisobutyl Isonitrile Gated Scintigraphy In Patients With Coronary Artery Ectasia, Berna Okudan, Feride M. Ozbek, Abdullah Dogan, Begum Ozturk, Mustafa Yildiz

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is the abnormal dilatation of a segment of the coronary artery to a diameter of at least 1.5 times that of normal adjacent segments. Symptoms are variable, and its prognosis and treatment modalities are unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of trimetazidine (TMZ) on ischemic left ventricular function by rest-stress Tc-99m methoxyisobutyl isonitrile (Tc-99m MIBI) myocardial scintigraphy in symptomatic patients with CAE. METHODS: We included patients with ectasia admitted to our Cardiology Department, Turkey, between 2003 and 2004 in this study. All patients underwent coronary angiography and diagnosed with CAE, …

Esophageal Foreign Bodies In Yemen, Mohamed Y. Al-Mahbashi, Yahia A. Rajaa

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.