Digital Commons Network^™

Uncorporated Professionals, John Romley, Eric L. Talley

Faculty Scholarship

Professional service providers who wish to organize as multi-person firms have historically been limited to the partnership form. Such organizational forms trade the benefit of risk diversification off against the costs of diluted incentives and liability exposure in choosing their optimal size. More recently, states have permitted limited-liability entities that combine the simplicity, flexibility and tax advantages of a partnership with the liability shield of a corporation. We develop a game theoretic model of professional-firm organization that integrates the provision of incentives in a multi-person firm with the choice of business form. We then test the model's predictions with a …

Some Good News About Grantor Trusts: Rev. Rul. 2004-64, Mitchell M. Gans, Stephanie E. Heilborn, Jonathan G. Blattmachr

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

On 7/6/04, the IRS issued Rev. Rul. 2004-64 (the "Ruling"). It addresses (1) gift tax consequences of a grantor's payment of the income tax attributable to the inclusion of the trust's income in the grantor's gross income under the grantor trust rules and (2) estate tax consequences of the trust's reimbursement to the grantor for those income tax payments. ....

This article provides background on the grantor trust rules of subpart E of part 1 of Subchapter J, Chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code, describes the advantages of creating a grantor trust, analyzes the holdings set forth in the …

In Praise Of Statutes Of Limitations In Sex Offense Cases, James Herbie Difonzo

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

This Article explores what happens when spectacular scientific breakthroughs are administered within a criminal justice system whose stance of impartiality is often undermined by sloppy or tainted analysis and testimony as it copes with the pressure to resolve an enormous backlog of DNA samples. A hypothetical case involving the problems an attorney might face in representing a client many years after an accusation of rape serves as the frame for a discussion of both the serious issues and suggested reforms. After this Introduction, Part II reconsiders the policy behind statutes of limitations, both as originally understood and in light of …

Applications Of Stochastic Calculus To Finance, Scott Stelljes

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Stochastic Calculus has been applied to the problem of pricing financial derivatives since 1973 when Black and Scholes published their famous paper "The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities" in the Joumal of Political Economy. The purpose of this thesis is to show the mathematical principles underlying the methods applied to finance and to present a new model of the stock price process.

As part of this paper, we present proofs of Ito's Formula and Girsanov's Theorem which are frequently used in financial applications. We demonstrate the application of these theorems to calculating the fair price of a European call …

On Becoming Women: Adolescent Female Muslim Refugees Negotiating Their Identities In The United States, Kathleen Bell Mckenzie

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The United States is becoming more diverse; numerous immigrants and refugees enter every year. Among the newer groups are those practicing the Muslim religion.

This qualitative research focused on the identity formation process of six adolescent female Muslim refugees from Afghanistan. Based on Erikson's paradigm of psycho-social development and Marcia's modifications to that theory, I used semi-structured interviews to understand how the participants negotiated their identities in the context of their families, the public school, and the community.

This cohort appeared to exist within a circumscribed Afghan community, retaining significant parts of their culture, traditions, and roles. The exception to …

Cross-Modal Interface Design In Crisis Control Systems: The Role Of Gender, Pamela B. Sheppard

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Leading human-computer interaction (HCI) researchers recognize a fundamental difference exists between men and women. Some HCI research has been done regarding gender differences in hand-eye coordination for interactions with computer touch display interfaces, navigation through virtual environments (VE) and language in computer-mediated communication. In these previous studies, gender differences were found in the use of words and language in computer-mediated communication and in navigation strategies for VE but no gender-related differences were found for the hand-eye coordination needed to effectively use a touch display.

The current study used a cross-modal (auditory-visual), dual-task, computer interface to examine gender differences in crisis …

Perceptions Of A Chilly Climate: Differences In Traditional And Non-Traditional Majors For Women, Ladonna K. Morris

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the present study was to examine how perceptions of a chilly climate differ between students in traditionally female-dominated majors versus traditionally male-dominated majors, and how these perceptions relate to students' intentions to persist or pursue higher education in their chosen field. Participants were 403 students attending a community college in the southern United States, including students majoring in information technology (IT), engineering, education, and nursing. Participants completed the 28-item Perceived Chilly Climate Scale (PCCS) and other informational items.

The primary research question asked: To what extent can scores on the five subscales of the PCCS be explained …

Relationship Between Extent Of Extracurricular Participation, Employment, And Substance Use Among Middle And High School Students, Lynn Hunt Long

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the relationship between student use of substances and extent of participation in school and/or community sponsored sport or nonsport activity. The study also examined student substance use and extent of participation in sport or nonsport activity together with extent of employment.

Data were provided by 24,699 public school youths who attended grades 6 through 12 and completed the 2001-2002 Duval Secondary Substance Use and Violence Survey: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors. Frequency tables, crosstabulation, chi-square tests, and loglinear analysis were used to analyze the data.

The study found: (a) a higher percentage of respondents who participated in 11 …

Development And Performance Evaluation Of A Real-Time Web Search Engine, Burr S. Watters Iv

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

As the World Wide Web continues to grow, the tools to retrieve the information must develop in terms of locating web pages, categorizing content, and retrieving quality pages. Web search engines have enhanced the online experience by making pages easier to find. Search engines have made a science of cataloging page content, but the data can age, becoming outdated and irrelevant.

By searching pages in real time in a localized area of the web, information that is retrieved is guaranteed to be available at the time of the search. The real-time search engines intriguing premise provides an overwhelming challenge. Since …

Access To Higher Education In Florida And South Africa: A Comparative Policy Analysis, Marty Z. Khan

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study examines issues of access to higher education in Florida and South Africa. On November 9, 1999, the Governor of the State of Florida issued Executive Order 99-281 to establish the One Florida Initiative (OFI), which barred the use of race as a factor in university admissions. In South Africa, the government in February 2001 issued its National Plan for Higher Education (SANPHE). This plan outlined a framework to redress past inequities in the higher education system perpetuated by the former government's apartheid ideology. Senior university leaders in Florida and South Africa were required to implement their respective policy. …

Intrusive Thoughts And Stress During The Evacuation Phase Of A Technological Disaster, Alisa Mastin Aston

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The current study investigates the quantity and quality of intrusive thoughts (IT) experienced during the evacuation following a technological disaster. This study is aimed at evaluating which aspects of IT are related to increased frequency and disturbance of intrusive thoughts, as well as stress and coping outcomes.

Labor And Employment Law In Two Transitional Decades, Theodore J. St. Antoine

Articles

Labor law became labor and employment law during the past several decades. The connotation of "labor law" is the regulation of union-management relations and that was the focus from the 1930s through the 1950s. In turn, voluntary collective bargaining was supposed to be the method best suited for setting the terms and conditions of employment for the nation's work force. Since the 1960s, however, the trend has been toward more governmental intervention to ensure nondiscrimination, safety and health, pensions and other fringe benefits, and so on. "Employment law" is now the term for the direct federal or state regulation of …

Introduction, Piyanart Bunnag

Asian Review

No abstract provided.

The Chinese Community In Bangkok During The Second Half Of The Nineteenth Century, Piyanart Bunnag

Asian Review

When treaties were made with Western nations, starting with the Bowring Treaty in 1855, more Chinese migrated to Siam. They began to play a greater role in the economy, particularly as middlemen between Western traders and local citizens, but also in other roles in the export-oriented economy such as compradors, pawnbrokers, retailers, wholesalers, bankers, and owners of such enterprises as printing houses and factories. Some worked as common laborers at the docks, factories, and rice mills. During the second half of the nineteenth century, business expanded along new roads, causing environmental changes, crowding, congestion, disorder, and pollution. Fires became common, …

The Japanese Army And Thailand's Southern Railways During The Greater East Asia War, 1941-1945, Puengthip Kiattisahakul

Asian Review

As part of their attempt to establish a Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, Japanese military leaders took control of Thailand's southern railways to provided direct links to frontline battlefields in Burma and Malaya. They ran special troops from Bangkok to Malaya, and built two new railway tracks extending into Burma. These tracks were used for transporting rice to its troops in Malaya, and to transport troops and war equipment to Burma. Thailand suffered adverse effects. The Railway Department had to carry an enormous amount of loss as costs incurred by the Japanese army were left unpaid. The life and security …

The Concept Of "Development" And The Thai Government's Policies To Develop The Northeast, 1951-1966, Somsri Chaiwanichaya

Asian Review

After World War II, modernization theory was developed and became a dominant idea, employed by the United States to oppose communism and expand capitalism. The Thai and US governments saw the importance of developing the Northeast region of Thailand, because of both the region's "natural disadvantages" and its strategic location bordering Laos, Kampuchea, and Vietnam. The Phibun government (1951- 1957) launched programs to develop water resources and diversify crops, but initially had no overall plan. During the Sarit regime (1957—1966), a more structured plan emerged under the concept of "development for national security."

The Proactive Cosmopolitan Foreign Policy Of The European Union: The Burmese Issue Reconsidered, Piyapat Bunnag

Asian Review

The European Union has turned away from the traditional notion of power politics and moved to assert instead soft civilian or normative power to influence the world. This paper examines the Union's foreign policy towards Myanmar looking from a constructivist perspective, focusing on the objectives of human rights and democratization. The paper sketches the constructivist approach to foreign policy, and then examines the evolution of the Union's foreign policy about human rights and democratization. Then this norm-based foreign policy and its effect on the Union's relations, and conflicts, with ASEAN over Burmese alleged human rights abuses will then come to …

Contributors

Asian Review

No abstract provided.

Hydrologic Variability, Organic Matter Supply, Anddenitrification In The Garonne River Ecosystem, Michelle A. Baker, P. Vervier

Biology Faculty Publications

1. Groundwater nitrate contamination has become a worldwide problem as increasing amounts of nitrogen fertilisers are used in agriculture. Alluvial groundwater is uniquely juxtaposed between soils and streams. Hydrological connections among these subsystems regulate nutrient cycling.

2. We measured denitrification using an in situ acetylene‐block assay in a nitrate‐contaminated portion of the Garonne River catchment along a gradient of surface water–ground water mixing during high (snowmelt) and low flow.

3. During high flow (mid‐April to early June) the water table rose an average of 35 cm and river water penetrated the subsurface to a great extent in monitoring wells. Denitrification …

Snakes Of The United States And Canada: Natural History And Care In Captivity, Alan H. Savitzky

Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Tradeoffs In Community Properties Through Time In A Desert Rodent Community, Ethan P. White, S.K. Morgan Ernest, K. M. Thibault

Biology Faculty Publications

Resource limitation represents an important constraint on ecological communities, which restricts the total abundance, biomass, and community energy flux a given community can support. However, the exact relationship among these three measures of biological activity remains unclear. Here we use a simple framework that links abundance and biomass with an energetic constraint. Under constant energetic availability, it is expected that changes in abundance and biomass can result from shifts in the distribution of individual masses. We test these predictions using long-term data from a desert rodent community. Total energy use for the community has not changed directionally for 25 years, …

Two-Phase Species-Time Relationships In North American Land Birds, Ethan P. White

Biology Faculty Publications

The species-time relationship (STR) is a macroecological pattern describing the increase in the observed species richness with the length of time censused. Understanding STRs is important for understanding the ecological processes underlying temporal turnover and species richness. However, accurate characterization of the STR has been hampered by the influence of sampling. I analyzed species-time relationships for 521 breeding bird survey communities. I used a model of sampling effects to demonstrate that the increase in richness was not due exclusively to sampling. I estimated the time scale at which ecological processes became dominant over sampling effects using a two-phase model combining …

Temporal Dynamics In The Structure Andcomposition Of A Desert Rodent Community, K. M. Thibault, Ethan P. White, S.K. Morgan Ernest

Biology Faculty Publications

The rank-abundance distribution (RAD) represents the manner in which species divide resources. Community-specific division rules that determine resource allocation among species, and thereby the shape of the RAD, have been hypothesized to account for observed stability of local species richness over time. While the shape of the RAD has been well studied, the temporal dynamics of this distribution have received much less attention. Here we assess changes in the shape of the RAD through time in a desert rodent community in Arizona (USA). Because energy use may be more appropriate for studying resource division than abundance, we also evaluate an …

Similarities In Body Size Distributions Of Small-Bodied Flyingvertebrates, B. A. Maurer, J. Alroy, J. H. Brown, T. Dayan, B. Enquist, S.K. Morgan Ernest, E. Hadly, J. P. Haskell, D. Jablonski, K. E. Jones, D. M. Kaufman, K. Lyons, K. Niklas, W. Porter, K. Roy, F. A. Smith, B. Tiffney, M. R. Willig

Biology Faculty Publications

Since flight imposes physical constraints on the attributes of a flying organism, it is expected that the distribution of body sizes within clades of small-bodied flying vertebrates should share a similar pattern that reflects these constraints. We examined patterns in similarities of body mass distributions among five clades of small-bodied endothermic vertebrates (Passeriformes, Apodiformes + Trochiliformes, Chiroptera, Insectivora, Rodentia) to examine the extent to which these distributions are congruent among the clades that fly as opposed to those that do not fly. The body mass distributions of three clades of small-bodied flying vertebrates show significant divergence from the distributions of …

Geologic Controls On Plio-Pleistocene Drainage Evolution Of The Kentucky River In Central Kentucky, William Morton Andrews Jr.

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The primary goal of this project is to develop a relative chronology of events in the geologic history of the Kentucky River, and to consider the geologic controls on those events. This study utilized published geologic and topographic data, as well as field observations and extensive compilation and comparison of digital data, to examine the fluvial record preserved in the Kentucky River valley in central Kentucky. Numerous fluvial features including abandoned paleovalleys, fluvial terraces and deposits, bedrock benches, and relict spillways between adjacent river valleys were identified during the course of the study. The morphology of the modern valley coincides …

Internet Gambling: On A Roll?, Pearson Liddell Jr., Stevie Watson, William D. Eshee Jr., Gloria J. Liddell, Robert Moore

Seton Hall Journal of Legislation and Public Policy

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents - Vol. 28, No. 2 2004

Seton Hall Journal of Legislation and Public Policy

No abstract provided.

Thresholds Of Significance, Carmela M. Campbell

Master's Projects

This report provides a comprehensive understanding of environmental “Thresholds of Significance” by including a broad discussion of the general concepts associated with thresholds and by also providing a sample thresholds document for projects that occur on unincorporated Santa Clara County lands. The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) defines a thresholds as an identifiable quantitative, qualitative or performance level of a particular environmental effect. Non-compliance with a threshold results in a determination that a particular project may have a significant effect on the environment and necessitates preparation of an Environmental Impact Report.

CEQA encourages public agencies to adopt thresholds to standardize …

Calliope, Armstrong Atlantic State University

Calliope Magazine

Volume 20

The Specter Of Speciesism: Buddhist And Christian Views Of Animals, Christopher Key Chapple

Theological Studies Faculty Works

Waldau's meticulous study assesses the origins of the term “speciesism,” coined by Ryder in 1970, and explores the link between speciesism and slavery, colonization, and the oppression of women and children. Just as ethical discourse has been transformed throughout history regarding these issues, the author argues that as more information becomes available, human attitudes regarding animals will evolve. Based on scientific research, he asserts that a new morality will arise that acknowledges the inherent moral standing of animals and will overturn the long-held view that animals serve only one purpose: to serve humanity.