Digital Commons Network^™

Patterns Of Mtdna Diversity In Northwestern North America, Ripan S. Malhi, Katherine E. Breece, Beth A. Schultz Shook, Frederika A. Kaestle, James C. Chatters, Steven Hackenberger, David Glenn Smith

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups of 54 full-blooded modern and 64 ancient Native Americans from northwestern North America were determined. The control regions of 10 modern and 30 ancient individuals were sequenced and compared. Within the Northwest, the frequency distribution for haplogroup A is geographically structured, with haplogroup A decreasing with distance from the Pacific Coast. The haplogroup A distribution suggests that a prehistoric population intrusion from the subarctic and coastal region occurred on the Columbia Plateau in prehistoric times. Overall, the mtDNA pattern in the Northwest suggests significant amounts of gene flow among Northwest Coast, Columbia Plateau, and Great …

A Comparison Between Point- And Semi-Continuous Sampling For Assessing Body Temperature In A Free-Ranging Ectotherm, Emily N. Taylor, Dale F. Denardo, Michael A. Malawy

Biological Sciences

We used intracoelomically implanted temperature dataloggers to obtain semi-continuous body temperature data and establish monthly thermal profiles for free-ranging rattlesnakes. We mimicked random and non-random point-sampling methods by selecting a single daily data point from all values or from restricted times of day to reflect common point-sampling constraints. Thermal profiles generated from point-sampling differed from those generated from semi-continuous sampling, and this difference was more apparent when point-sampling was non-random. We conclude that semi-continuous sampling provides a better estimate of thermal profiles, and that point-sampling methods are highly sensitive to deviations from true randomness.

Botulinum Toxin And Other New Approaches To Migraine Therapy, Avi Ashkenazi, Stephen Silberstein

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

The number of migraine treatments and our understanding of migraine pathophysiology are both increasing. Newer treatments are focusing on migraine prevention. Botulinum toxin (BTX) is a potent neurotoxin that has been used primarily for diseases associated with increased muscle activity. Recently the toxin was found to have antinociceptive effects that are probably independent of its muscle-relaxant action. Recent clinical trials support the efficacy of BTX type-A (and possibly also type-B) in the treatment of migraine. The anticonvulsant topiramate was recently shown to be effective for migraine prevention. With the low doses used for this indication, cognitive side effects are less …

Justification For Class Iii Permit Modification February 2004 Swmu 94f Operable Unit 1333 Laarc Discharge Pit, Lurance Canyon Burn Site, Sandia National Laboratories/Nm

Regulatorily Completed

This technical document contains the Statement of Basis for the Class III Permit Modification request for Site 94F. Terminology changed to Justification for permit modifications after the submittal of this and the other documents included in this submittal. As with Justification Binders, contained within this document is the history of the site, descriptions of any investigations and/or remediation completed at the site, the regulatory background, and the rationale for the proposed future land-use of this site.

Justification For Class Iii Permit Modification February 2004 Swmu 94b Operable Unit 1333 Debris/Soil Mound Area, Lurance Canyon Burn Site, Sandia National Laboratories/Nm

Regulatorily Completed

This technical document contains the Statement of Basis for the Class III Permit Modification request for Site 94B. Terminology changed to Justification for permit modifications after the submittal of this and the other documents included in this submittal. As with Justification Binders, contained within this document is the history of the site, descriptions of any investigations and/or remediation completed at the site, the regulatory background, and the rationale for the proposed future land-use of this site.

University Reporter - Vol. 08, No. 06 - February 2004, University Of Massachusetts Boston

1996-2009, University Reporter

No abstract provided.

Maintenance Of Androdioecy In The Freshwater Shrimp, Eulimnadia Texana: Field Estimates Of Inbreeding Depression And Relative Male Survival, Stephen C. Weeks, Richard L. Bernhardt

Biology Faculty Research

Androdioecy is a rare form of reproduction, only found in a few plant and animal species, wherein males co-exist with hermaphrodites. This particular form of mixed mating (mixtures of outcrossing and self-fertilization) is predicted to be evolutionarily unstable, with most androdioecious populations thought to be in a transition from hermaphroditism to dioecy, or vice versa. One well-studied androdioecious species is the freshwater clam shrimp Eulimnadia texana. A model by Otto et al. (1993), exploring the stability of this androdioecious system, predicts that males can co-exist with hermaphrodites when males fertilize an average of over twice the number of offspring that …

Opposite Effects Of Lithium And Valproic Acid On Trophic Deprivation-Induced Gsk-3(Beta) Activation, C-Jun Expression And Neuronal Cell Death, Ning Jin

Theses

Recent studies demonstrate that lithium and valproic acid (VPA), two commonly used mood-stabilizing drugs, have neuroprotective effects against a variety of insults. Inhibition of the pro-apoptotic enzyme, glycogen synthase kinase-3P (GSK-3P), was suggested to be the mechanism of action of neuroprotection for both drugs. In this study, we tested if lithium and VPA could protect cultured cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) from GSK-3P-mediated apoptosis induced by trophic withdrawal (serum/potassium deprivation). Lithium concentration-dependently (1-20 mM) protected CGNs. Indirubin, a specific, direct GSK-3P inhibitor, was also neuroprotective. On the contrary, VPA (1- 20 mM) did not provide any neuroprotection and even potentiated cell …

Cultus: The Church, The Family, And The Art-Saint, Rebekah Carmichael

Theses

None provided.

Turfgrass, Crop, And Weed Hosts Of Blissus Occiduus (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), Thomas E. Eickhoff, Frederick P. Baxendale, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Erin E. Blankenship

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Blissus occiduus Barber is an important pest of buffalograss, Buchloe dactyloides (Nuttall) Engelmann, turf. No-choice studies documented the susceptibility of selected turfgrasses, crops, and weeds to B. occiduus feeding. Highly to moderately susceptible grasses included buffalograss; yellow Setaria glauca (L.) and green foxtail Setaria viridis (L.); Kentucky bluegrass, Poa pratensis L.; perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne L.; brome, Bromus spp. Leyss.; zoysiagrass, Zoysia japonica Steudel; Bermuda grass, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.; sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench; tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreb.; and barley Hordeum vulgare (L.). Slightly to nonsusceptible grasses included Þne fescue, Festuca ovina hirtula L.; rye, Secale cereale L.; …

Regulation Of Transcription Of Compatible Solute Transporters By The General Stress Sigma Factor, ΣB, In Listeria Monocytogenes, Mehmet Sevket Cetin, Chaomei Zhang, Robert W. Hutkins, Andrew K. Benson

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Listeria monocytogenes is well known for its durable physiological characteristics, which allow the organism to grow at low temperature and pH and high osmolarity. Growth under high osmolarity depends on the accumulation of compatible solutes, among which glycine betaine and carnitine are the preferred solutes for this organism. Three different transport systems, Gbu, BetL, and OpuC, have been identified in L. monocytogenes which serve to scavenge the preferred compatible solutes. The general stress response regulator σ^B has been shown to play an important role in osmotic adaptation in L. monocytogenes, presumably by directing transcription from one or more …

Tissue-Specific Expression And Developmental Regulation Of Cytochrome B561 Genes In Arabidopsis Thaliana And Raphanus Sativus, Wim Verelst, Jyoti Kapila, Janice De Almeida Engler, Julie M. Stone, Roland Caubergs, Han Asard

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Ascorbate (Asc) is an essential molecule in many aspects of development and stress responses in plants and animals. Cytochromes b561 (cyts b561) are tightly coupled to Asc homeostasis. These proteins are found in mammalian tissues, where they are involved in the regeneration of Asc, serving the synthesis of catecholamine neurotransmitters, and in intestinal iron reduction. Plant genomes encode homologous membrane-associated, Asc-reducible cyts b561. The expression of these proteins in plants, however, has so far not been studied. We have now examined the expression of two Arabidopsis thaliana cyt b561-encoding genes—Artb561-1 and Artb561-2—using relative-quantitative RT-PCR …

Evaluation Of Disability Of Occupational Illness Claims For Workers' Compensation, Sultan T. Al-Otaibi

Saudi Medical Journal

Occupational physicians are faced with the challenge of estimating the contribution of occupational and non-occupational risk factors to a particular work-related illness for workers9 compensation. This paper proposes guidelines for occupational physicians to evaluate claims for presentation to a compensation board. Occupational bladder cancer was taken as an example. Relevant literature was obtained and reviewed. A worksheet was designed to record pertinent information on occupational illness. The procedure for handling a claim is described. Failure to follow such an approach may lead to gross inequities.

Cytotoxic Effects Of Some Animal And Vegetable Extracts And Some Chemicals On Liver And Colon Carcinoma And Myosarcoma, Vahdettin Bayazit

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To study, the cytotoxic effects of some biological and chemical agents on G1, S, G2, M and G0 phases of liver and colon carcinomas and myosarcoma cells obtained with chemical carcinogens dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) and cadmium chloride. METHODS: Eight rabbit livers, colon carcinoma and myosarcoma cell lines were obtained by injection of DMBA in the Biology Laboratory, of the University of Dumlupinar, Kutahya, Turkey between January 2001 and June 2003. All lines were grown at 37degrees celsius and 5% carbon dioxide in sterile RPMI-1640 medium with 10% fetal bovine serum after addition of glutamate, penicillin (50 units/ml) and streptomycin (50 …

Comparison Of Some Risk Factors Between Non-Familial And Familial Breast Cancer Females In Jordan, Manar F. Atoum, Huda M. Al-Hourani

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk factors such as age, menopause, menarche, age at the first pregnancy, number of pregnancies and breast feeding period between the familial and non-familial breast cancer females in Jordan. METHODS: This study was carried out in Al-Basheer Hospital, Amman, Jordan during the period 2000 and 2002. A questionnaire was used to collect information from 99 females who were histologically and pathologically diagnosed with breast cancer. Data of the questionnaire were entered and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences. RESULTS: The highest percentage of non-familial and familial breast cancer occurrence was among age group 51-60 years. …

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Phenotypes In Patients With Lung, Prostate And Breast Cancer, Zeyad J. El-Akawi, Fatin K. Al-Hindawi

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: Determination of Alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-AT) phenotypes in Jordanian patients with lung, prostate and breast cancer to find a prevalent phenotype that could be recommended for the early diagnosis of cancer. METHODS: This study was conducted at Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan, during the period May 2001 to May 2002. Alpha1-AT phenotypes for 83 Jordanian cancer patients distributed as follows, 25 lung cancer, 25 prostate cancer and 33 with breast cancer, were tested using isoelectric focusing gel electrophoresis and immunofixation techniques. RESULTS: Isoelectric focusing results demonstrated that 96% of lung cancer patients were of PiMM phenotype and 4% …

Effect Of Diclofenac Alone Or In Combination With Alpha-Tocopherol On The Oxidative Activity Of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes In Healthy And Osteoarthritic Individuals, Abdurhman S. Al-Arfaj, Suliman R. Alballa, Ali A. Mustafa, Ali S. Al-Tuwaijri, Abdullah N. Al-Dalaan, M. S. Al-Humayyd

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of diclofenac alone or when combined with alpha-tocopherol on the oxidative activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in healthy and osteoarthritic (OA) patients. METHODS: The study was carried out at the College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, over the period 1999 to 2000. Twelve healthy controls and 12 osteoarthritic patients were recruited to the study. Twelve healthy controls and osteoarthritic patients were given diclofenac 50 mg thrice daily orally, initially for 5 days then alpha-tocopherol at 200 mg thrice daily orally, was added for another 5 days. Blood samples were drawn …

Primary Actinomycosis Of The Abdominal Wall, Kamran Khalid, Shabir A. Qazi, Khalid A. Al-Saleh

Saudi Medical Journal

Primary actinomycosis of the abdominal wall is a rare clinical entity. Only 7 adequately described cases have been reported in the English literature. We report a case of isolated abdominal wall actinomycosis involving the left lower quadrant of the abdominal wall in a 32-year-old diabetic male. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination. Surgical drainage of the abscess followed by long-term administration of penicillin resulted in cure. The clinicopathological spectrum of actinomycosis is reviewed and isolated involvement of the abdominal wall is characterized in light of the knowledge acquired from the available literature on this rare clinical presentation. The significance …

Katayama Syndrome, Mohamed I. Yasawy

Saudi Medical Journal

Two schoolboys from a non-endemic region visited an endemic area of Schistosomiasis in Yemen. They developed cutaneous itching after swimming in infected ponds. Five weeks later both brothers were admitted to the hospital with high fever, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea. The blood results exhibited marked eosinophilia and schistosomal serological test showed an evidence of exposure. Initially, stool examinations were negative, but the sigmoidoscopy was suggestive for acute bilharzial colitis and the biopsy showed schistosoma ova; a finding consistent with Katayama syndrome. Both patients treated with Praziquantel, and they became asymptomatic, and the eosinophilia normalized. This report shows the importance …

Cyclopia, Carlos Trujillo

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Regulation Of Transcription Of Compatible Solute Transporters By The General Stress Sigma Factor, ΣB, In Listeria Monocytogenes, Mehmet Sevket Cetin, Chaomei Zhang, Robert W. Hutkins, Andrew K. Benson

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Listeria monocytogenes is well known for its durable physiological characteristics, which allow the organism to grow at low temperature and pH and high osmolarity. Growth under high osmolarity depends on the accumulation of compatible solutes, among which glycine betaine and carnitine are the preferred solutes for this organism. Three different transport systems, Gbu, BetL, and OpuC, have been identified in L. monocytogenes which serve to scavenge the preferred compatible solutes. The general stress response regulator σ^B has been shown to play an important role in osmotic adaptation in L. monocytogenes, presumably by directing transcription from one or more …

Serotonin Transporter And Gaba(A) Alpha 6 Receptor Variants Are Associated With Neuroticism, Srijan Sen, Sandra Villafuerte, Randolph Nesse, Scott F. Stoltenberg, Jeffrey Hopcian, Lillian Gleiberman, Alan Weder, Margit Burmeister, University Of Michigan - Ann Arbor

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Background: A tendency to experience negative affect, as measured by the neuroticism component of the Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness Personality Inventory (NEO-PI), is a trait marker for major depression. Epidemiologic studies indicate a strong genetic component, but to date few specific genetic variants have been definitively implicated. A serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) has been extensively studied in neuroticism and several psychiatric disorders, with inconclusive results. A GABA(A) receptor α6 subunit variant (Pro385Ser) has been associated with alcohol-related traits but has not been studied in neuroticism or depression.
Methods: A total of 384 subjects who completed the NEO-PI were genotyped …

Mapping The Presence Of Wolbachia Pipientis On The Phylogeny Of Filarial Nematodes: Evidence For Symbiont Loss During Evolution, Maurizio Casiraghi, Odile Bain, Ricardo Guerrero, Coralie Martin, Vanessa Pocacqua, Scott Lyell Gardner, Alberto Francheschi, Claudio Bandi

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Wolbachia pipientis is a bacterial endosymbiont associated with arthropods and filarial nematodes. In filarial nematodes, W. pipientis has been shown to play an important role in the biology of the host and in the immuno-pathology of filariasis. Several species of filariae, including the most important parasites of humans and animals (e.g. Onchocerca volvulus, Wuchereria bancrofti and Dirofilaria immitis) have been shown to harbor these bacteria. Other filarial species, including an important rodent species (Acanthocheilonema viteae), which has been used as a model for the study of filariasis, do not appear to harbor these symbionts. There are …

Parapharyngodon Duniae N. Sp. (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae) In Phrynohyas Venulosa (Anura: Hylidae) From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Charles R. Bursey, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Parapharyngodon duniae n. sp. (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae) in the large intestine of the veined tree frog, Phrynohyas venulosa, from the Área de Conservación Guanacaste in northwestern Costa Rica is described and illustrated. Parapharyngodon duniae n. sp. represents the 34th species assigned to the genus, the 10th species from the Neotropical Realm, and only the third species to parasitize anurans. It is distinguished from the other Neotropical species by having postbulbar ovaries and a prebulbar excretory pore.

Cfd Analysis And Validation For Solution To Micro Air Vehicle Airframes, Taher I. Attari

Theses

Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs) are generally defined as having an airframe with a span less than 6 inches and a mass less than 100 grams. The design of airframes is currently hindered by the lack of thorough understanding of the flow physics of very small aircrafts flying at low speeds. The study investigates the use of Fluent, a licensed CFD code at RTT, for MAV airframe design. This study is carried out in 4 steps. First, 4 different airfoils are selected and tested in CFD. The next step included the simulation of 3-D flat plates and wing models. An external …

Establishing A Uae Database Using Str Loci, Ibrahim Abdullah Ali Al-Housani

Theses

The analysis of DNA polymorphism has become an indispensable tool in forensic science and criminal cases. Today, the amplification of Short Tandem Repeat (STR) loci using PCR is the perfect method for typing biological evidence found at crime scenes. Forensic laboratories all over the world have been progressively expanding their databases for better discrimination among individuals and suspects of crimes.

The objective of this thesis was to analyze the DNA profile of native and non-native populations, and to study the similarities and dissimilarities among them. Blood samples were collected from three non-natives (Egyptian, Indian and Pakistani) and native populations from …

Developing A National Web-Based Learning Center For Natural Resource Education, Samuel W. Jackson, George M. Hopper, Wayne K. Clatterbuck

Journal of Extension

The National Web-Based Learning Center for Private Forest and Range Landowners is being built to be a "virtual natural resource education center" to provide interactive online instruction for the target audience of all private forest and range landowners and managers. Content for the Center is being developed by land-grant universities across the nation. Content modules will contain timely information on a particular topic relating to natural resource management and utilize interactive Web features to enhance the learning experience of the user. The Center will provide increased access to accurate information on natural resource management to forest and range landowners.

Flagellar Radial Spoke Protein 2 Is A Calmodulin Binding Protein Required For Motility In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Pinfen Yang, Chun Yang, Winfield S. Sale

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Genetic and morphological studies have revealed that the radial spokes regulate ciliary and flagellar bending. Functional and biochemical analysis and the discovery of calmodulin in the radial spokes suggest that the regulatory mechanism involves control of axonemal protein phosphorylation and calcium binding to spoke proteins. To identify potential regulatory proteins in the radial spoke, in-gel kinase assays were performed on isolated axonemes and radial spoke fractions. The results indicated that radial spoke protein 2 (RSP2) can bind ATP and transfer phosphate in vitro. RSP2 was cloned and mapped to the PF24 locus, a gene required for motility. Sequencing revealed that …

Promoting More Modest Weight Losses: A Pilot Study, Gary D. Foster, Suzanne Phelan, Thomas A. Wadden, Debra Gill, Jenna Ermold, Elizabeth Didie

Kinesiology and Public Health

Objective: This pilot study assessed the short- and long-term effects of a modified cognitive behavioral treatment designed to facilitate obese patients' acceptance of a 5% to 10% reduction in initial weight.
Research Methods and Procedures: Participants were 17 women with a mean age of 46.5 ± 9.7 years and BMI of 34.7 ± 2.9 kg/m². They participated in a 40-week program that included four phases. The first discussed the benefits of modest weight losses and the potential adverse effects of unrealistic expectations. Phase II provided instruction in traditional cognitive behavioral methods of weight control Phase III focused on …

Phylogenetic Signal And The Utility Of 12s And 16s Mtdna In Frog Phylogeny, S. Hertwig, Rafael O. De Sá, A. Haas

Biology Faculty Publications

Genes selected for a phylogenetic study need to contain conserved information that reflects the phylogenetic history at the specific taxonomic level of interest. Mitochondrial ribosomal genes have been used for a wide range of phylogenetic questions in general and in anuran systematics in particular. We checked the plausibility of phylogenetic reconstructions in anurans that were built from commonly used 12S and 16S rRNA gene sequences. For up to 27 species arranged in taxon sets of graded inclusiveness, we inferred phylogenetic hypotheses based on different apriori decisions, i.e. choice of alignment method and alignment parameters, including/excluding variable sites, choice of reconstruction …