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2004

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A Method For Analysing User Experiences In A Place From Early Phase Of Design Process Employing Skit Acting, Personal View Records, And Mobile Eye-Tracking Technology., Kimitake Hasuike, Eriko Tamaru, Tsutomu Ohyama, Yoshitsugu Hirose Nov 2004

A Method For Analysing User Experiences In A Place From Early Phase Of Design Process Employing Skit Acting, Personal View Records, And Mobile Eye-Tracking Technology., Kimitake Hasuike, Eriko Tamaru, Tsutomu Ohyama, Yoshitsugu Hirose

DRS Biennial Conference Series

People use various resources in their workplaces in order to organize their practical activities. These activities and the usage of artifacts in the workplace depend on the particular context. Therefore, in the design of a new system, designers should consider the broad range of activities that could exist in the target workplace, and the experiences of potential users. A user's experiences are shaped via interaction between users, artifacts, information, and environment, in a sphere of interaction along user's activity at the place. To make the user's experiences better, designers have to capture the real activities and feelings of the user, …

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Articulating Knowledge From The Vikings To The Digital Age: Designing Digital Artifacts In Research., Dagny Stuedahl, Andrew Morrison, Ole Smørdal Nov 2004

Articulating Knowledge From The Vikings To The Digital Age: Designing Digital Artifacts In Research., Dagny Stuedahl, Andrew Morrison, Ole Smørdal

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper discusses the design approach for participatory design of digital systems and routines for qualitative, cultural-historical research and reconstruction of a Viking boat. The digital system involves recording, digitalizing, editing, categorizing and archiving audio-visual empirical material.The design work involves adaption of heterogeneous technologies to help the researcher in his methodological and analytical work. Concepts on negotiaton from actor-network theory and on activities are used to suggest theoretical approach for participatory design of heterogeneous systems in research.

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The Corner Chair Research Project: A Case Study., Richard Coker Nov 2004

The Corner Chair Research Project: A Case Study., Richard Coker

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper reviews one credible approach to quality industrial design research centred within the teaching and learning environment at the University of South Australia. This student project in furniture design benefited from a partnership with a healthcare provider. It attempt to establish a clear base line with outcomes both pertinent and significant to the body of knowledge currently evolving within the industrial design discipline while also addressing a problem not effectively approached in industry.

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Choreographing Augmented Spaces, Andrew Morrison, Ole Smørdal Nov 2004

Choreographing Augmented Spaces, Andrew Morrison, Ole Smørdal

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In Windows and Mirrors: Interaction Design, Digital Art, and the Myth of Transparency, Bolter and Gromala (2003) argue that every digital artifact shifts between being transparent and reflective. Discussing the potential of the interfaces of electronic arts for wider digital design practices and theories, these writers argue that we need to look both through and at the interface. The paper argues that in the domain of electronic arts the development of augmented expressive spaces needs further discussion on the place of mixed media types and expressive forms. We aim to explore how augmented spaces may be seen as extending beyond …

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'Flashback': Tracing Developments From Electronic Paper To Dynamic Environments In The Software Flash., Synne Skjulstad Nov 2004

'Flashback': Tracing Developments From Electronic Paper To Dynamic Environments In The Software Flash., Synne Skjulstad

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper will argue that a shift has taken place on the World Wide Web from a mode of written electronic documents to dynamic interfaces – that is structurally, metaphorically and aesthetically. I emphasize the role of the software Macromedia Flash in the emergence of contemporary web interface design, and how designs made in this software may be seen to challenge established notions of the web ‘page’. In presenting a ‘flashback’ into the use of Flash in late 1990s web design, this paper presents a compressed retrospective of some developments of website interface design from early use of the software …

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Aptitudes For Industrial Design., Paul Skaggs Nov 2004

Aptitudes For Industrial Design., Paul Skaggs

DRS Biennial Conference Series

All teachers have had students who seem to learn quickly and easily, have passion and excitement for learning, and are able to apply the principles they have been taught. Teachers have also had the opposite kind of students. What is it that allows one to excel while another struggles? My hypothesis is that the answer is aptitudes. What is an aptitude? According to Webster’s Dictionary an aptitude is ‘a capacity or innate ability, a talent for learning, or a special fitness.’ The field of industrial design appears interesting to many students who are trying to decide on a course of …

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Specialisation In The Profession Of Industrial Design In Finland., Anna Valtonen Nov 2004

Specialisation In The Profession Of Industrial Design In Finland., Anna Valtonen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Industrial Design in Finland has changed a lot during the past ten years. Ten years ago most of the Finnish industrial designers worked in small or middle-sized design agencies. There was very little specialisation; one office could do everything from toys to trucks. There were very few designers employed directly by the industry. Today the biggest offices have a clear focus and even the design process has become a well-marketed commodity – only in order to make the use of strategic design as easy as possible for the customer. Today many industrial designers are employed as in-house designers in large …

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Design Methods For Cross-Cultural Collaborative Design Project., Kun-Pyo Lee Nov 2004

Design Methods For Cross-Cultural Collaborative Design Project., Kun-Pyo Lee

DRS Biennial Conference Series

As ‘globalization’ becomes hot buzzword, designers begin to deal with culture in serious manner than ever. However, in design field, major topics in cultural design have been limited mainly around identifying aesthetic stereotypes such as national shape or color preferences. Furthermore, major methods of cultural design were limited only in designer’s personal intuition or pencil and paper survey that requires time and effort. Considering these background and needs of the study, the study sets the objective as ‘to develop frameworks of design methods for cross-cultural collaborative design project.’ At first, culture was defined as one having structure with multi-layers including …

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A Design Approach To Trends And Forecasting., Martyn Evans Nov 2004

A Design Approach To Trends And Forecasting., Martyn Evans

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper engages with the literature, design thinking, theory and practice on trend forecasting. It investigates how designers use trend forecasting in their design process and how they in turn, embody and predict trends through their own engagement with the drivers behind them - social, cultural, technological, economic, political and environmental. Trend forecasting utilises a multi-disciplinary approach drawing upon expertise from outside of the design domain. This includes input from futurologists, trend forecasters, psychologists, technologists, sociologists, and scenario builders as well as designers. The information and insights formed are utilised within the design process, by designers, to inform, validate and …

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Relating Social Contextual Knowledge To Graphic Designers' Practice., Stan Mauger Nov 2004

Relating Social Contextual Knowledge To Graphic Designers' Practice., Stan Mauger

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Graphic design is a conceptual activity that draws heavily on acquired design knowledge through practice. The role that designers place on knowledge of social contexts in their conceptual processes is highly variable and often unrecognised or undervalued by them in their practice. The ethnographic study upon which this paper is based used case studies to investigate this question. It considered the relative importance that a number of New Zealand graphic designers placed on bringing contextual knowledge into their practice. Graphic designers in the study had varying experience and worked in different types of firms and areas of the graphic design …

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Meeting Pluralist Demands With A Pluralist Response. The Omnium Project: Offering An Online Collaborative Design Response To An Increasingly Diversified, Interconnected And Pluralist World., Rick Bennett, Emma Dunphy Nov 2004

Meeting Pluralist Demands With A Pluralist Response. The Omnium Project: Offering An Online Collaborative Design Response To An Increasingly Diversified, Interconnected And Pluralist World., Rick Bennett, Emma Dunphy

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper examines the current relationship between contemporary design education and design practice within a constant state of multi-faceted change. It discusses changing demands for design education and practice, from a more global society. Within ‘a world of increased interconnectivity and multiplicity in ideas, cultures and practices’ (Warwicker 1999), it observes strategies suggested by theorists, educators and practitioners to accommodate social change within the two contexts. By seeking and describing the opinions of 549 Australian design students on the implementation of suggested strategies to accommodate change, the paper proceeds to describe an example of one online design education initiative that …

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New Models For Design Management In The Textile Industry In Response To Direct Digital Textile Print Technology And Manufacture., Bruce Carnie Nov 2004

New Models For Design Management In The Textile Industry In Response To Direct Digital Textile Print Technology And Manufacture., Bruce Carnie

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper is based on initial research including a literature review of the management of digital printing processes and technology in the paper and textile industries. For the purposes of this paper I will use the scope of thought evolved from the Design Management Institute in Boston USA. Continuing research will be augmented by quantitative data analysis and comparative analysis of case studies and also research of the philosophical underpinning of these business ventures. This paper is an introduction to the argument for a systematic approach to the impact of direct digital printing processes and technology on textile design using …

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Desire Of Design Knowledge. Notes On Cnpq Doctoral Education Program In Brazil., Maria Cecilia Loschiavo Des Santos Nov 2004

Desire Of Design Knowledge. Notes On Cnpq Doctoral Education Program In Brazil., Maria Cecilia Loschiavo Des Santos

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper seeks to provide an overview of the CNPq program and the challenges of creating doctoral education in design in our country, especially considering the short history of design education in Brazil, the strong need of design intervention and the desire for academic design knowledge.

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Deriving User Requirements From Face-To-Face And On-Line Focus Groups., Lai-Chung Lee, Andrée Woodcock Nov 2004

Deriving User Requirements From Face-To-Face And On-Line Focus Groups., Lai-Chung Lee, Andrée Woodcock

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Lacking user-related data in concept design, and not being experienced in the principles of user-centred design, design students find themselves having to predict or imagine user requirements when generating concepts. Computer mediated focus groups between dispersed participants and designers may be a cost effective way for designers to capture user requirements in distant markets. However, little is known about how the on-line focus groups compare to their face-to- face counterparts in terms of the elicitation of user requirements and design related discussion. This paper describes focus group techniques designed to achieve understanding, identification and categorization of user requirements in concept …

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A Compare Study On The Construction Principles Of Chinese Characters And The Product Semantics., Ya-Chen Kuo, Dengchuan Cai Nov 2004

A Compare Study On The Construction Principles Of Chinese Characters And The Product Semantics., Ya-Chen Kuo, Dengchuan Cai

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Both product semantics and construction principles of Chinese characters are techniques using for form creating. Product semantics was used for interpreting product meanings by product designers and was prospered since 1980s. The construction principles of Chinese characters were a set of methods for creating Chinese characters which were generalized by Xushen around 100 AD. Product semantics includes five principles: metaphor, simile, metonymy, allegory, and analogy, while the construction principles of Chinese characters are: physical resemblance principle (Xiang-Xing), indication principle (Zhi-Shi), implication principle (Hui-Yi), principle in combination with shape and pronunciation (Xing- Sheng), principle in combination analogy principle (Zhuan-Zhu), and substitute …

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Creative Resource 2003-2006., Jakki Dehn Nov 2004

Creative Resource 2003-2006., Jakki Dehn

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper will describe the work of the practice based initiative entitled ‘Creative Resource’ and examine the relationship of this work to the design industry and design education. ‘Creative Resource’ is an ongoing three-year programme of research focussing on the sustainable development of materials and the design process. It is investigating from a design perspective the aesthetic, economic and manufacturing potential of materials made from waste and, working with government organisations at a local and country wide level, exploring the network of partnerships between the business community, regional government and the waste management industry.

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A Study Of E-Book Design In Ergonomics Consideration., Yen-Yu Kang, Ming-How Kuo, Wen-Ko Chiou, Rungtai Lin Nov 2004

A Study Of E-Book Design In Ergonomics Consideration., Yen-Yu Kang, Ming-How Kuo, Wen-Ko Chiou, Rungtai Lin

DRS Biennial Conference Series

E” life, a new trend to influence people’s dairy-life since internet explored. No product or concept can be successful if it ignores the needs of its users and E-book are no exception. However, there has been a noticeable lack of real information about how ebooks are used. So, the objective of this study is established a series of surveys in an effort to help readers in using E-book. The overall aim of this project focus on the E-book of the future. With the changing of the trends, it stems from the fact that with the changing of the trends, the …

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Making The Invisible Visible., Patrick Mcquade Nov 2004

Making The Invisible Visible., Patrick Mcquade

DRS Biennial Conference Series

On the surface, the digital image is virtually indistinguishable from the film-based photographic image, but the underlying structure of the digital image is vastly different. The technology and processes employed to produce the digital image file is precisely what makes it unique, and will ultimately determine the future development of new visual aesthetics for this medium. Yet, at present, these aspects of technology and process are not apparent in the visual manifestation of the digital image. This paper argues that by acknowledging the unique process and technology of digital imaging, in other words making the invisible visible, is a logical …

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Determination Of Presence Within Virtual Space: Implications For Interface Design., Rebecca Bond Nov 2004

Determination Of Presence Within Virtual Space: Implications For Interface Design., Rebecca Bond

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper proposes that measuring and mapping perceptions of ‘presence’ (or, the experience of ‘place’ in ‘space’) may lead to a greater understanding of virtual or ‘cyber’ space experiences, and contribute to the theory of human computer interaction (HCI) and design theory. As the experimental design is focussed on how users perceive and interact in their virtual world in relation to the effect of place and space, an attempt will be made to decipher perceptions of the relatively new frontier of cyberspace, leading to new methods for representing this form of space.

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Reactive Colours - Motivating Shared Experience Of The First Reactions Of Children On The Autism Spectrum To Computers: Human Diversity And The Case For Open Participative Systems Of Design., Derek Freeman, Wendy Keay-Bright Nov 2004

Reactive Colours - Motivating Shared Experience Of The First Reactions Of Children On The Autism Spectrum To Computers: Human Diversity And The Case For Open Participative Systems Of Design., Derek Freeman, Wendy Keay-Bright

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Reactive Colours© is a network based open development soft-ware programme to introduce children on the autistic spectrum to computing and aims to demonstrate the provision of an interface through which communication, through play, can occur more easily than is usual with autistic children. The chief intended benefits, building on the work of Dinah Murray and Mike Lesser, are therapeutic. These arise from an interface design, which focuses on, and deliberately emphasises, certain characteristics of computing that are of potential significance to people on the autism spectrum. Characteristics that provide users with a comfortable context-free, predictable environment, where autistic and non …

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Designing For Experiential And 'Aspirational' Needs: Observations Of Student Design Activity., Jonathan Talbot, Stephen Ward Nov 2004

Designing For Experiential And 'Aspirational' Needs: Observations Of Student Design Activity., Jonathan Talbot, Stephen Ward

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The work reported in this paper investigates the application, within the industrial design education context, of methods of inquiry and design problem-framing derived from social research disciplines. The notion of developing more holistic approaches to human factors in design which incorporate affective and socio-cultural needs has gained some currency in recent years. Developments in this area have resulted in the proposal of a range of tools and methods such as Jordan’s (2000) ‘New Human Factors’ and Watts-Perotti and Sanders’ (2000) ‘Generative User Needs Analysis’. The issues addressed by these tools and methods are clearly not new to design. To a …

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Increasing Competitiveness Through The Application Of Product Design As Knowledge Creation Management., Jurie Groenewald Nov 2004

Increasing Competitiveness Through The Application Of Product Design As Knowledge Creation Management., Jurie Groenewald

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The business environment in the new millennium is becoming more competitive because of the new globalised economy and the resultant increase in customer expectations. In response, companies are increasing their competitiveness through more efficient and effective Knowledge Management (KM). Increasing a company’s competitiveness there-fore means increasing its knowledge base through inter alia innovation. The problem is that most existing KM systems are dependent on ad hoc occurrences of innovation. In contrast, the design process can systematically produce innovation and can therefore be used as a Knowledge Creation Management tool. The process whereby New Product Design systematically uses existing knowledge and …

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Strange Manifestations Of Three-Dimensional Intelligence In The Digital Era., Martin John Richardson, Steven Brown Nov 2004

Strange Manifestations Of Three-Dimensional Intelligence In The Digital Era., Martin John Richardson, Steven Brown

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Digital holography is arguably the most advanced form of visual recording to date. But are holograms "mere" recordings of objective visual reality or creative artefacts capable of expression, interpretation and deception? The same question was asked of photography in the early 19th century. Dismissed originally by artists as a mechanical recording medium, it became in the hands of pioneers such as Bresson and Brandt a subtle artistic tool capable of the most delicate expression and artful deception. Skilfully selective framing of the image, manipulation of objects and lighting in the scene can transform the banal into the dramatic or reduce …

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Collaborative Design Activity: The Inclusion Of Human Affect Processes In Design Theory About Collaboration In Design., Terence Love Nov 2004

Collaborative Design Activity: The Inclusion Of Human Affect Processes In Design Theory About Collaboration In Design., Terence Love

DRS Biennial Conference Series

his paper reports the findings of research aimed at identifying appropriate ways forward in building design theory about collaborative design activities that take into account new research findings from cognitive neuro-science about the roles of affect, emotion and feeling in human interactions and perceptions. Human affective processes are essential to many aspects of collaborative designing. These include: individual design cognition; communication between collaborators and stakeholders; individual understanding, valuing and judging of elements of design problems and solutions; optimisation processes; individual and group closure processes; power-based/ hegemonic manipulations; and negotiations about elements of design problem, design solution and design processes. The …

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Disseminating Design Research: The Contribution Of Visual Communication In Capturing And Translating Design Knowing., Lisa Grocott Nov 2004

Disseminating Design Research: The Contribution Of Visual Communication In Capturing And Translating Design Knowing., Lisa Grocott

DRS Biennial Conference Series

When the engineers embrace market stalls and life scientists design poster case studies, you wonder why the design research community continues to favour the conferred authority of the written word. As medical research is communicated through sophisticated visualisations you ask if there is a complementary language for disseminating design research that could live up to the rich complexity of the creative process. Could alternative dissemination models accommodate and respect the realm of design as one of possibilities (Dilnot 1998)? Can the voice adopted for disseminating the research speak to the visual literacy of design practitioners? These questions introduce the potential …

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The Influence Of Using Scenario For Idea Generation In Industrial Design, Hau-Rung Chu, Hung Zheng, Yu Ma, Chun-Di Chen Nov 2004

The Influence Of Using Scenario For Idea Generation In Industrial Design, Hau-Rung Chu, Hung Zheng, Yu Ma, Chun-Di Chen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

During the design development, the continuity of design reasoning to produce concepts might be blocked for some reasons. Therefore, designers employ a few methods to facilitate the production of design concepts. One of the methods for such a goal suggested in literature is “scenario method” (Chen, 2000). By giving examples to illustrate how to use the scenario method, many studies have highly confirmed the value of scenario method in enriching the production of design concepts. Arguably, the previous studies interesting in scenario method mainly re-confirm the usability of this method, but fail to provide information about how it is useful …

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Designing The Performative Object: A Study In Designing Mindful Interaction Through Artefacts., Kristina Niedderer Nov 2004

Designing The Performative Object: A Study In Designing Mindful Interaction Through Artefacts., Kristina Niedderer

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This study set out to investigate whether and how artefacts can be designed to influence the quality of social interaction. In particular, I examined how artefacts can stimulate the user’s behaviour by means of their function, and whether this stimulation can cause mindful reflection and interaction. I developed the concept of the Performative Object (PO) to describe objects with these qualities of interaction. At the core of the study was the concern with identifying the PO as a separate category of definable design objects. The paper presents part of a larger study. It presents a summary of the analysis of …

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Craft Histories, Textile Futures: Emotional Affectivity And Design Hybridity In Quilt Design., Catherine Harper Nov 2004

Craft Histories, Textile Futures: Emotional Affectivity And Design Hybridity In Quilt Design., Catherine Harper

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper discusses how innovative textile design materials, processes, products and technologies might develop in ‘textile design futures’ by taking note of the emotional affectivity of traditional craft methods and aesthetics. Specifically, North American 19th Century quilts are activated as models for new poetic hybrids in conceptual and functional textile design. Archival material, contemporary design practice, and my own textile designs will be used as examples to support my proposals.

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Hermeneutic Phenomenology As A Method For Reflection In User-Centred Designing., Stella Boess, David Durling, Cherie Lebbon, Christopher Maggs Nov 2004

Hermeneutic Phenomenology As A Method For Reflection In User-Centred Designing., Stella Boess, David Durling, Cherie Lebbon, Christopher Maggs

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper seeks to contribute to the development of tools through which design can reflect on its own efforts and effects. User research and the carrying out of a user- centred design task had raised questions on the self-conception of a user-centred designer vis-à-vis those he/she designs for. Hermeneutic phenomenology was adopted as a methodology for critical reflection on a designer’s own activity of user-centred designing. This paper discusses hermeneutic phenomenology as a methodology for reflection on user-centred designing, laying out some of its elements and discussing its applicability to design. It is hoped that this discussion might lead to …

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Websites And Values - Genres And Styles As Socio-Cultural Indicators., Ida Engholm, Karen Lisa Goldschmidt Salamon Nov 2004

Websites And Values - Genres And Styles As Socio-Cultural Indicators., Ida Engholm, Karen Lisa Goldschmidt Salamon

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Since the appearance of the world wide web during the early 1990s, the interface of the internet has undergone a radical metamorphosis. From being a primitive, text–based medium, it has become an advanced and complex hyper-media representing multiple forms of design. Initially, the web was mainly a playground for private experiments. However, as increasingly culturally sensitive companies and organisations entered the scene, it became more professionalized and a certain degree of standardisation took place. The development of webdesign converged into particular groups and genres based on similarity of content and style and structured according to cultural taxonomies created by professionals …

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