Digital Commons Network^™

The Rhetoric Of Motive And Intent, Guyora Binder

Journal Articles

This article offers a critical analysis of the traditional maxim that motive is irrelevant to criminal liability. It retraces the history of this principle to show how its meaning has changed and its validity has declined over time. Originally promoted by reformers, the irrelevance of motive maxim derived meaning from their efforts to codify criminal law. In this context, the irrelevance of motive stood for two related reforms: (1) legislators should condition criminal liability on expectations of harm rather than desires, and (2) courts should require proof of statutory mental elements. With the success of codification, however, the irrelevance of …

The New Environmental Law: Forest Certification, Errol E. Meidinger

Journal Articles

This paper argues that the rapidly expanding practice of forest certification, together with similar developments in other sectors, is creating a new template for environmental law. Nongovernmental organizations and some industry actors are establishing binding regulatory standards, systems for monitoring compliance, sanctions for non-compliance, and, when things work well, methods for assessment and revision. It locates these developments as a part of “phase 3” of environmental law, which also involves a proliferation of other initiatives beyond traditional regulation. Finally, it offers a preliminary discussion of the efficacy, adaptability, coherence, and legitimacy of the emergent system.

Anti-Minority Riots In Unified Germany: Cultural Conflicts And Mischanneled Political Participation, Roger Karapin

Publications and Research

Anti-foreigner riots in eastern Germany in the early 1990s have usually been explained by ethnonationalism or racism, ethnic competition for scarce resources, and opportunistic political elites. If anti-minority riots are analyzed as a distinct phenomenon with a cross-sectional approach, local political processes emerge as more important causes. Cultural conflicts, the channeling of mobilization from nonviolent into violent forms, local political opportunities for success, and mobilization by social movement organizations convert ethnic conflict and violence into riots. A comparison of riot and non-riot localities in eastern Germany supports this argument.

Assessing The Relationship Between Desired Experiences And Support For Management Actions At Yellowstone National Park Using Multiple Methods, William T. Borrie, Mae .. Davenport, Wayne A. Freimund, Robert E. Manning

Society and Conservation Faculty Publications

The nature of recreation and resource management issues related to the winter season in Yellowstone National Park requires a holistic approach in understanding visitor preferences, perceptions, and support for management actions. A dramatic increase in winter visitation over the past three decades and intense controversy related to bison management in the park have posed difficult challenges to managers. Specific questions such as what do visitors want out of their experience and how do visitors perceive management initiatives are central to these challenges. A multiple methods approach, one quantitative and one qualitative, was employed to gain more depth and breadth in …

A Global Sensitivity Analysis Of Photochemical Models Used For Predicting Tropospheric Ozone, Daniel Wimer

Theses

The Clean Air Act requires the use of complex photochemical models to predict future ozone concentrations and the impact of current and future regulations. In many instances uncertainty in the data input parameters used to operate these models results in uncertainty in the prediction of future air quality. The degree of this uncertainty is often greater than the degreee of air quality improvements proposed by regulations. This study evaluates the sensitivity of a photochemical model to predict future ozone air quality with respect to the uncertainty of several critical input parameters. These parameters are: Transported ozone (ozone aloft) Biogenic emissions …

Economic Analysis Of The Cost Of Inconsistencies In The Implementation Of Isdn Network Layer Standards, Thomas Bennett

Theses

Case studies depicting ISDN network layer interoperability and standards nonconformance were evaluated, and categorized by type. In each case study the root cause of the interoperability problem was identified, and validated with reference to the applicable ISDN standard. Corrective measures were proposed, and where implemented, the results of the correction were documented. Relative costs associated with the interoperability issue were identified, and recommendation's outlining the best method for avoiding these inconsistencies going forward were presented.

Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (Adsl) An In-Depth Study, John Kernan

Theses

Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) is one member of a group of broadband access technologies that uses the existing copper-based local loop of the analog PSTN for high-speed digital data transmission. One feature of ADSL is that it permits analog voice POTS transmissions to continue uninterrupted over the same wiring. Specifically, POTS continues to use the 0 to 4 KHz frequency range of the copper wiring, while ADSL uses bandwidth starting at 25 KHz and extending up to approximately 1.1 MHz for data transmission. The term "asymmetrical" refers to the fact that data rates downstream (to the user) and upstream …

The Trend Of Academic Achievement And Retention For Immigrant Latino Youth, Pamela Humphrey

Graduate Research Papers

This paper discusses the trend of academic achievement and retention for Latino immigrant youth. Research indicates that the general trend for Latino youth is negative – generally achievement is lower than any other immigrant ethnic group, and the drop out rate is higher than for any other ethnic group. Factors such as language and methods of learning, segregation, poverty, low parental involvement in education, discrimination, and stress due to immigration have been identified as factors contributing to low academic success.

The ways in which schools deal with immigrant students is also discussed. Further research is needed on immigrant Latino families …

Home-School Collaboration : An Effective Intervention For Facilitating Homework Completion?, John D. Warrington

Graduate Research Papers

This paper contains a review of literature on the utilization of home school collaboration as an intervention tool to improve the existing low homework completion rates of many students in our school systems. Due to the fact that homework is one of the most longstanding educational traditions, provides a natural link between the home and the school, and has been implicated as a tool for increasing overall rates of academic achievement, it is important to investigate past and present instruments and modes of assistance that involve both the home and school contexts in a shared partnership. There are a large …

Every Waking Moment: A Young Adolescent Novel Exploring The Effects Of Sleep Deprivation, Jeff Dyer

Graduate Research Papers

Human behavior can be dramatically affected by sleep deprivation (Peretz, 1996). The author gained an extensive understanding of sleep deprivation through a literature review by discovering the answers to questions such as: Does the loss of sleep have an impact on an adolescent's performance and behavior in school? Is this a problem that our nation's educators and parents should be concerned about? If sleep deprivation is in fact a problem for adolescents, how widespread is it?

Information learned during this process was then incorporated into the fictional novel, Every Waking Moment in order to disseminate the data in an entertaining …

Investigación Preliminar Sobre Los Efectos De La Industria Turística En La Zona De Monteverde Costa Rica [Powerpoint], 2002, Urinda Alamo, Marcela Tamayo, Victor Polanco, Kelly Benjamin, Mwenza Bell

Monteverde Institute: Culture, Community, and Health

A preliminary investigation of the effects of the transformation on the community due to tourism.

Evaluación De Riesgo Preliminar De Productores De Monteverde, S.A. [Powerpoint], 2002, María Teresa Fregoso, Idalia Aracely Rodríguez Ayala, Nancy Romano

Monteverde Institute: Culture, Community, and Health

An occupational risk assessment of the Monteverde Cheese Factory.

Enlace Verde 2002, 2002, Monteverde Institute

Monteverde Institute: Sustainable Design, Planning and Community Development

An outline of what has been done and where in providing conservation easements between MCFP and MCL's Bajo de Tigre; a theoretical summary from the conservation biology literature and local research community; the priorities established, based on local expert researchers; and what the next steps and priorities are.

Theory And Research In Social Education, Volume 30, No. 3, Summer 2002, Elizabeth Anne Yeager

Theory and Research in Social Education

No abstract provided.

Theory And Research In Social Education, Volume 30, No. 2, Spring 2002, Elizabeth Anne Yeager

Theory and Research in Social Education

No abstract provided.

Terreno Del Redondel De Cerro Plano: Alternativas Futuras, 2002, Eugene Curtin, Travis Ingersoll, Chris Romano, Eric Romanyszyn

Monteverde Institute: Sustainable Design, Planning and Community Development

A report prepared to parents asociation, Board of education, and the director at the Cerro Plano School about the alternative uses of the existing bull ring and the surrounding property in Cerro Plano.

Nutrición Y Seguridad Alimenticia En La Zona De Monteverde [Powerpoint], 2002, Jennifer Andia, Rebecca Klein, Elisabeth Wirsing, Emilie Davis, Gretchen Goodrich, Katarina Johnson, Nancy Lashway, Michelle Mcardle

Monteverde Institute: Culture, Community, and Health

A multi-method assessment on food security in the Monteverde Zone.

The Cerro Plano Bull Ring Plaza: Proposals For The Reuse Of The Bull Ring Property, 2002, Eugene Curtin, Travis Ingersoll, Chris Romano, Eric Romanyszyn, Ellen Wang

Monteverde Institute: Sustainable Design, Planning and Community Development

Proposal on how to make better use of the under-utilized bull ring in Cerro Plano.

Scenarios For Santa Elena [Powerpoint], 2002, Monteverde Institute

Monteverde Institute: Sustainable Design, Planning and Community Development

A PowerPoint presenting the inventory and analysis of the issues present in scenario planning in Santa Elena, the scenarios envisioned and the steps needed to be taken in achieving the proposed changes.

Implementing Student-Led Conferences, Allyson Forney

Graduate Research Papers

This study examined the effects of conducting student-led conferences. Benefits, as well as problems, associated with conducting student-led conferences were discussed. Guidelines were presented for teachers to conduct effective student-led conferences. Conclusions were drawn from the literature, and recommendations were made for the future implementation of student-led conferences.

Experiential Learning In Webcasting For Peace Through Tourism, Courtlandt Butts

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this paper is to report on a project to develop cultural awareness and knowledge of the tourism profession; and to bring the team of students to Amman, Jordan to facilitate the first ever-global webcast of a conference. Within the international experience itself, the major components of the overall project involved grant writing, technological hands-on training, international student presentations, and the production of a professional videotape. The possibility of gaining such access had been made possible through the Undergraduate Research/ Experiential Learning Grant (UREL Grant) offered by the College of Education at UNI, which provided the ideal avenue …

The Use Of Electronic Technologies In The Cedar Rapids Community Schools' Physical Education Programs, Nicholaus J. Daniel

Graduate Research Papers

How often is electronic technology used in physical education programs? How much electronic technology is available to physical education programs? Does electronic technology and physical education go together? When most people think of electronic technology, they do not think about physical education. Most people tend to think that technology is anything related to a desktop or laptop computer, something you sit down at and work on, not something that involves being physical.

From the researcher's experience in the Cedar Rapids Community School District (CRCSD), there is some pressure for all subject areas to implement and integrate electronic technologies into the …

Establishing Literature Circles In One Middle School Teacher's Classroom, Kristin M. Englert Gehrke

Graduate Research Papers

Literature circles are a popular method of reading instruction in middle school classrooms. Literature circles are when small groups of students choose one book to read and then meet to discuss it. Students are taught how to discuss a book and use response journals. Implementing literature circles into a reading curriculum requires a great deal of planning. A teacher must make decisions about structure, themes, response journals, discussion groups, assessment and final projects.

Literature circles are an evolving teaching method and will not always work the same way each time they are used. I found literature circles to be a …

Improving After-School Programs : A Literature Review, Harriet A. Davis

Graduate Research Papers

The desire and need for after-school programs in the United States is steadily increasing especially for low- to moderate-income children and adolescents. Studies show after-school program participants watch less television and spend more time in academic activities and enrichment lessons (Posner and Vandell 1994). As a result, these programs are extremely beneficial to children who participate in them. After-school programs also provide a safe haven for countless children who need adult supervision at the end of the regular school day.

The following analysis is a compilation of information derived from scholarly journals, books, organizations participating in after-school programs, Internet sources, …

Maintaining Developmentally Appropriate Practice In An Increasingly Academic Kindergarten, Amy Phillips

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this paper was to conduct a review of research to determine whether a developmental or an academic curriculum is most appropriate for kindergarten classrooms. The research outlined the benefits of developmentally appropriate practice, including increased academic performance and better social skills. The research also showed the detriments of developmentally inappropriate practice, including increased stress levels, a stifling of enthusiasm for learning and less advanced academic and social skills.

However, in spite of the research, many early childhood professionals are not fully implementing developmentally appropriate practice. Three main obstacles to full implementation were the following: (a) increased accountability …

Removing Dust Bunnies And Expensive Paperweights From The Classroom : Effective Staff Development In Educational Technology, Margaret F. Krzywicki

Graduate Research Papers

With major funding directed toward putting technology in the classroom and training students to be tomorrow's workers, there needs to be an effective technology staff development program in place for the teachers. Developers of staff development programs need to include the learning style of adult learners (andragogy), instead of pedagogy. Successful staff development for the teachers must include innovation, release time, and quality equipment. The learning styles of adult learners should be foremost in the development of courses and workshops. Staff development is more than just the technical side of the technology. It should provide teachers with the tools to …

Technology Staff Development, Paul A. Rabara

Graduate Research Papers

Traditional staff development does not suffice for emerging technologies and evolving pedagogy for teacher use of technology in instruction. Societal changes have produced new needs. Change causes a need to systematically look at progress and the attributes associated with the diffusion of innovations (Rogers, 1995). Roswell (1997) is only one of several schools who have dedicated considerable resources to developing a technology staff development plan with results in higher percentages of teachers using technology in the classroom. Technology staff development should have characteristics in models that coincide with the attributes of diffusion. Technology staff development can bridge the use and …

Linking The Literacy Curriculum With Technology, Scot J. Surprenant

Graduate Research Papers

Evaluating the process and needs of linking literacy and technology in the educational setting. The technology is presented as the driving force of change in the literacy. Teachers, administrators, and parents need to formulate a plan for training sessions along with organizing supportive people around them to integrate technology into the curriculum. They need to design professional development to empower teachers to use technology, in the curriculum. Understanding that students are exposed to multimedia literacy, technology will be a medium to motivate and synthesize learning. Teachers facilitate students to be responsible and empowered learners for their own learning. There is …

Family Literacy Programs, Julie Van Meeteren

Graduate Research Papers

This study examined the effects of family literacy programs on increasing literacy behaviors in young children and adults. Benefits and various approaches of effective family literacy programs were discussed, as well as concerns associated with implementation, funding, and cultural and linguistic differences concerning these programs. Guiding principles were presented for family literacy instructors to facilitate. literacy behaviors in young children and adults. Conclusions were drawn from reviewing the literature, and recommendations were made for the future implementation of family literacy programs.

Trends, Patterns, And Characteristics Of Young Adult Horror Fiction, Melissa A. Buelow

Graduate Research Papers

The characteristics of young adult horror fiction include literary conventions, incidents and patterns that are unique to the genre and appealing to the reader. This researcher investigated the trends, patterns, and conventions of young adult novels which make these novels appealing to the reader. This researcher made this investigation using a quantitative content analysis of the young adult horror literature. The researcher chose the books based on the availability of the book, by using the keywords horror, supernatural, occult, gothic, and vampire. The whole book was then analyzed for the trends, patterns, and conventions which it contained.