Digital Commons Network^™

A ‘Social Model’ Of Design: Issues Of Practice And Research, V. Margolin, S. Margolin

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Compared to the “market model,” little theorizing has been done to produce a model of design for social need. This paper discusses a process of social service intervention that can address the product needs of vulnerable populations. This process follows a problem-solving approach whereby a professional or professional team works collaboratively with clients to improve their quality of life. A number of options for how product designers might work with such an intervention team are explored. The authors then outline a program of research. A multi-faceted approach to address questions related to social design would include survey research and interviews, …

Is There A Specific Type Of Knowledge Associated With Design?, A. T. Purcell, K. S. Sodersten

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper is concerned with the question of whether or not there are forms of knowledge that can be regarded as unique to design. On the basis of protocol studies of architects designing we identify three types of knowledge that may be considered as candidates for design knowledge. These we refer to as interpreted and embodied knowledge, compiled knowledge and strategic knowledge relating to the use of design representations. Each of the potential types of knowledge addresses a core problem in design how to move from knowledge that is abstract and conceptual to a representation of that knowledge in physical …

Central Florida Future, Vol. 35 No. 6, September 5, 2002

Central Florida Future

Declining community begins to thrive; Student government downsizing; $640,000 budget will bring comedians concerts to UCF.

Genetic Testing In The Workplace: The Employer’S Coin Toss, Samantha French

Duke Law & Technology Review

A toss of the coin by the modern-day employer reveals two options regarding genetic testing in the workplace. The employer may choose to take advantage of increasingly precise, available, and affordable genetic testing in order to ascertain the genetic characteristics - and deficiencies - of its employees. This outcome exposes the employer to a vast array of potential litigation and liability relating to the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Fourth Amendment, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, and state legislation designed to protect genetic privacy. Alternatively, the employer may neglect to indulge in this trend of genetic testing and …

The Colby Echo (2002-09-05), Colby College

The Colby Echo

Published by the students of Colby College since 1877, The Colby Echo is the weekly, editorially independent student-run newspaper of Colby College in Waterville, Maine. Published monthly, 1877-1886; semi-monthly, 1886-1897; and weekly, during the academic year, 1898-present.

Montana Kaimin, September 5, 2002, Associated Students Of The University Of Montana

Montana Kaimin, 1898-present

Student newspaper of the University of Montana, Missoula.

Theory Construction In Design Research. Criteria, Approaches, And Methods., K. Friedman

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design involves creating something new or transforming a less desirable situation to a preferred situation. To do this, designers must know how things work and why. Understanding how things work and why requires explanation, and it sometimes requires prediction. To explain and predict, we must construct and test theories. Theories are propositions or sets of propositions that allow us to analyze or explain subjects. Some theories are complex and sophisticated. Others are simple. Theory can be described in many ways. In its most basic form, a theory is a model. It is an illustration describing how something works by showing …

Common Ground - A Product Or A Process?, W. Jonas

DRS Biennial Conference Series

What does the Common Ground metaphor mean: solid rock, fertile soil, or swampy lowlands? Are we mapping the terrain or are we just constructing it because it would be comfortable to have one? We are in a historical moment, 40 years after the first conference on design methods, initiating the short “design science decade”, when other disciplines realize the fragile, fluid, historical character of their “grounds”. On the lists and in conferences there are fierce debates, yet mainly concerning details of the respective positions. On the other hand ambitious perspectives are proclaimed, without being rooted in the community. Contributions reveal …

Urban And Regional Design: A Practical Science, I. T. Klaasen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Widely held notions such as the uniqueness of each design and design situation and of learning the design craft in a studio with ‘apprentice’ and ‘master’ relationships, have hitherto left little room for thinking about urban design as a science. In this paper it is argued that urban and regional design is basically a practical science like medicine, applied psychology and other technical sciences. In a practical science the objective of research is the application of science : research is focused on ‘what is possible’, be it desirable or not (yet) desirable. Practical sciences differ inter alia from empirical ones …

Are ‘The Reflective Practitioner’ And ‘Learning Cycles’ Suitable Foundations For Theories About Designing And Design Cognition, T. Love

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper challenges the use of the concepts ‘reflective practice’ and ‘learning cycles’ as a basis for analysing designing, for building coherent theories about human designing, and for developing design methodologies. It develops the argument via two paths: a review of the original formulation of the concepts of ‘reflective practice/practitioners’ and ‘learning cycles’; and an analysis of the implications of recent findings in the areas of brain and neurology research for building theories about designing. The paper suggests researchers have over extended the use of the reflective practice and learning cycle concepts: concepts that were devised as relatively coarse structural …

Sirn (Synergetic Inter-Representation Networks): An Approach To Design, J. Portugali, H. Casakin

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Our aim in this paper is to examine the relation between design and cognition in light of two aspects related to these disciplines: (a) Cognitive science’s negative attitude toward artifacts. (b) The fact that artifacts are the subject matter and end product of design. In our paper we firstly discuss cognitive science’s attitude toward artifacts and show that it contradicts the reflective-interaction approach that currently dominates the discipline of design. We then introduce SIRN (Synergetic inter-Representation Networks) as an approach that resolves this contradiction by treating artifacts and their design as innately related to cognition. We close the paper by …

Designing Philosophy, D. Sless

DRS Biennial Conference Series

I start from two assertions: philosophy is our highest form of practical reasoning; design is our highest form of practical adaptation to our environment. I ask a question. What necessary conditions must exist for us to do both philosophising and designing? The method of argument I use is based on the philosophical methods of Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations and the principle of parsimony or Occam’s razor: what is the simplest set of ideas necessary to answer the question. The area of design on which I draw most heavily is the area in which I have done most of my designing and …

Understanding Designing And Design Management Through Constituent Market Orientation And Constituent Orientation, B. Tellefsen, T. Love

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The paper builds on research undertaken in Norway and Australia in constituent market orientation and models of affective design cognition to develop a more coherent and integrated theory frame for modeling designing in organisations, particularly the increasing number of design organisations undertaking virtual multidisciplinary teamwork. Attempts to develop an integrated theory of the interactions between stakeholders have focused mainly on the properties of designed artifacts, the characteristics of the design problems and brief, or on the technical, social and communication processes. This has been less than fully satisfactory and resulted in a lack of adequate theoretical integration with underlying individual …

Telling Tales: Understanding The Role Of Narrative In The Design Of Taxonomic Software, S. Turner, P. Turner, C. Raguenaud, J. Kennedy

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper draws on concepts from the structuralist analysis of narrative to explore aspects of the role of stories in the small group design process. A brief review of relevant narratological concepts is provided. Their application in a preliminary analysis of case study data from a team designing taxonomic software is then reported. It is concluded that narratology, and in particular the notion of focalisation, has useful descriptive potential in this context, and may help to elucidate some difficulties in design communication and documentation. Suggestions for extension of the work are included.

A Critical Analysis Of John Gero’S Function-Behaviourstructure Model Of Designing, P. E. Vermaas

DRS Biennial Conference Series

According to John Gero’s (1990) function-behaviour-structure model of designing, designers transform in three steps desired functions into a design description of an artefact that can perform these functions. Firstly, designers transform the functions into required behaviours of the artefact. Secondly, these required behaviours are transformed into a description of the structure of the artefact. And thirdly, designers transform this description of the structure into the design description that tells how the artefact can be manufactured. In this paper I present and review Gero’s model of designing and show that a precise understanding of this model depends on the precise meanings …

Kenyon Collegian - September 5, 2002

The Kenyon Collegian

No abstract provided.

September 5, 2002, The Daily Mississippian

Daily Mississippian (all digitized issues)

No abstract provided.

Volume 94 Issue 3, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

The Southwestern - Archive

No abstract provided.

Spartan Daily, September 4, 2002, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications)

Volume 119, Issue 4

September 4, 2002 Faculty Senate Minutes, University Of South Carolina

Faculty Senate

No abstract provided.

The Daily Egyptian, September 04, 2002, Daily Egyptian Staff

September 2002

No abstract provided.

Daily Eastern News: September 04, 2002, Eastern Illinois University

September

No abstract provided.

Ke Alaka'i, Vol. 65, No. 57 (2002-09-04), Brigham Young University Hawaii

Ke Alaka'i

No abstract provided.

The George-Anne, Georgia Southern University

The George-Anne

• West Nile Virus Reaches Georgia
• Opinions
• Sports
• Classifieds

September 4, 2002, The Daily Mississippian

Daily Mississippian (all digitized issues)

No abstract provided.

Ccu Newsletter, September 3, 2002, Coastal Carolina University

Coastal Carolina University Newsletter

A newsletter for faculty, staff and friends of Coastal Carolina University. Volume 12, Number 14

September 3, 2002, Faculty Senate

Minutes

No abstract provided.

Faculty Newsnotes 2002 No. 350, Office Of The Provost

Faculty Newsnotes (1972-2010)

No abstract provided.

The Hilltop 9-3-2002, Hilltop Staff

The Hilltop: 2000 - 2010

No abstract provided.

Creating Nanocavities Of Tunable Sizes: Hollow Helices, Bing Gong, Huaqiang Zeng, Jin Zhu, Lihua Yuan, Yaohua Han, Shizhi Cheng, Mako Furukawa, Ruben D. Parra, Audrey Y. Kovalevsky, Jeffrey L. Mills, Ewa Skrzypczak-Jankun, Suzana Martinovic, Richard D. Smith, Chong Zheng, Thomas Szyperski, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

A general strategy for creating nanocavities with tunable sizes based on the folding of unnatural oligomers is presented. The backbones of these oligomers are rigidified by localized, threecenter intramolecular hydrogen bonds, which lead to well-defined hollow helical conformations. Changing the curvature of the oligomer backbone leads to the adjustment of the interior cavity size. Helices with interior cavities of 10 Å to >30 Å across, the largest thus far formed by the folding of unnatural foldamers, are generated. Cavities of these sizes are usually seen at the tertiary and quaternary structural levels of proteins. The ability to tune molecular dimensions …