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Datalog With Contraints: A New Answer-Set Programming Formalism, Deborah J. East

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Knowledge representation and search are two fundamental areas of artificial intelligence. Knowledge representation is the area of artificial intelligence which deals with capturing, in a formal language, the properties of objects and the relationships between objects. Search is a systematic examination of all possible candidate solutions to a problem that is described as a theory in some knowledge representation formalism. We compare traditional declarative programming formalisms such as PROLOG and DATALOG with answer-set programming formalisms such as logic programming with stable model semantic. In this thesis we develop an answer-set formalism we can DC. The logic of DC is based …

Sport And Society, Robert Washington, David Karen

Sociology Faculty Research and Scholarship

Despite its economic and cultural centrality, sport is a relatively neglected and undertheorized area of sociological research. In this review, we examine sports' articulation with stratification issues, especially race, class, and gender. In addition, we look at how the media and processes of globalization have affected sports.We suggest that sports and cultural sociologists need to attend more closely to how leisure products and practices are produced and distributed and how they intersect with educational, political, and cultural institutions. We propose the work of Bourdieu andthe new institutionalism to undergird future research.

A Quiet Faith? Taxes, Politics, And The Privatization Of Religion, Richard W. Garnett

Journal Articles

The government exempts religious associations from taxation and, in return, restricts their putatively political expression and activities. This exemption-and-restriction scheme invites government to interpret and categorize the means by which religious communities live out their vocations and engage the world. But government is neither well-suited nor to be trusted with this kind of line-drawing. What's more, this invitation is dangerous to authentically religious consciousness and associations. When government communicates and enforces its own view of the nature of religion - i.e., that it is a private matter - and of its proper place - i.e., in the private sphere, not …

The Story Of Henry Adams' Soul: Education And The Expression Of Associations, Richard W. Garnett

Journal Articles

In several decisions handed down during its 1999 Term, the United States Supreme Court focused on the freedom of expressive association. Generally speaking, expressive association is regarded by courts and commentators as just another form of individual self-expression, and voluntary associations as facilitators for such self-expression.
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/="/">In this Essay, Professor Garnett suggests that a shift in focus, from individual self-expression-through-association to the expression of voluntary associations themselves. It is suggested that, in several recent decisions ­including Dale, Mitchell, and California Democratic Party - the Court has indicated an appreciation of the role played by mediating institutions in shaping …

Reinventing The Deal: A Sequential Approach To Analyzing Claims For Enforcement Of Modified Sales Contracts, Irma S. Russell

Faculty Law Review Articles

This article considers whether providing additional content to the concept of good faith in the area of contract modification is possible or desirable. The article explores the modification puzzle and the issues of erratic justice that result from the nebulous nature of the UCC test, and evaluates an alternative test (the sequential approach) that scrutinizes each step of the modification process and imports the standard of reasonable grounds into this context.

Part II discusses terminology and fundamental concepts in this area of law, including the reasons for seeking a modification, the steps of a modification, and the typical defense to …

The Impact Of Unmediated Document Delivery On Faculty Use Of Traditional Interlibrary Loan At Wichita State University, Kathy A. Downes, Ted Naylor

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Faculty Publications

In these times of growing journal prices and shrinking budgets, alternative methods of information access are a necessity. Document delivery services have become an important alternative to providing information access beyond traditional interlibrary loan services. This article analyzes the effect the "unmediated" EbscoDoc document delivery service had on traditional interlibrary loan in a medium sized academic library. Access to the service was provided to faculty members at Wichita State University for a period of approximately two years. Use of the service varied from faculty members who ordered one article to the "super" users who ordered from 100 to 400 documents. …

Leadership In Complex Organizations, Russ Marion, Mary Uhl-Bien

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

This paper asks how complexity theory informs the role of leadership in organizations. Complexity theory is a science of complexly interacting systems; it explores the nature of interaction and adaptation in such systems and how they influence such things as emergence, innovation, and fitness. We argue that complexity theory focuses leadership efforts on behaviors that enable organizational effectiveness, as opposed to determining or guiding effectiveness. Complexity science broadens conceptualizations of leadership from perspectives that are heavily invested in psychology and social psychology (e.g., human relations models) to include processes for managing dynamic systems and interconnectivity. We develop a definition of …

Leader–Member Exchange And Its Dimensions: Effects Of Self-Effort And Other’S Effort On Relationship Quality, John Maslyn, Mary Uhl-Bien

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

Two hundred thirty-two manager-subordinate dyads provided data on the effort expended toward the development of leader-member exchange (LMX) relationships, how such effort related to expectations about relationship quality, and intentions to exert future effort toward relationship development. For both managers and subordinates, higher quality LMX relationships were reported and expectations were met when the other member of the dyad put forth effort into relationship development. One’s own higher effort coupled with lower effort by the other was associated with a lower quality LMX relationship. Examination of the 4 dimensions of LMX (R. C. Liden & J. M. Maslyn, 1998) revealed …

Occurrence Of Wolbachia In Selected Diabroticite (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Beetles, Thomas L. Clark, Lance J. Meinke, Steven R. Skoda, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Wolbachia are a rickettsial type bacteria that have been implicated as a cause of reproductive disruption and alteration in many insect species. Polymerase chain reaction assays of the 16S rRNA gene were conducted to reveal the prevalence of Wolbachia in 14 Diabroticite species, 12 Diabrotica, and two Acalymma. Assays revealed the presence of Wolbachia infection in three Diabrotica species; D. virgifera virgifera LeConte (all 40 individuals), D. cristata (Harris) (three of 25 individuals), D. lemniscata LeConte (all 20 individuals), and the two Acalymma species, A. blandulum (LeConte) (all 20 individuals), A. vittatum (F.) (one of 20 individuals). The …

Induction Of Resistance In Field Grown Soybean By The Bean Leaf Beetle, Cerotoma Trifurcata (Forster) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Parimi Srinivas, Stephen D. Danielson

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A study was conducted during the summer of 1998 with soybean cultivar Colfax, germplasm line HC95-24MB and susceptible cultivar Williams 82 to investigate induced resistance in soybean. Bean leaf beetle adults were used to induce resistance in field and also in the dual-choice feeding preference tests that were done in the laboratory to assess induction. Pair-wise comparisons of leaflets from induced and control plants demonstrated that induced resistance was present. Preference index (PI) values were similar in the three soybean entries and were not significantly different. Further investigation is necessary to fully understand induced resistance under field conditions in soybean-insect …

Pcr–Rflp Of The Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase (Subunit I) Gene Provides Diagnostic Markers For Selected Diabrotica Species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Thomas L. Clark, Lance J. Meinke, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Adult and larval identification of Diabrotica can be difficult. Some adult identifications require considerable taxonomic experience while larvae of many Diabrotica species are morphologically indistinguishable. This study was conducted to determine whether 12 pest and non-pest Diabrotica species could be separated using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP). A 1308 bp portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (COI) was amplified using PCR and digested using several restriction endonucleases. Double digests of COI amplicons with AluI and MspI resolved on polyacrylamide gels revealed several diagnostic inter- and intraspecific polymorphisms. A key to the 12 species …

Molecular Phylogeny Of Diabrotica Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Inferred From Analysis Of Combined Mitochondrial And Nuclear Dna Sequences, Thomas L. Clark, Lance J. Meinke, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The phylogenetic relationships of thirteen Diabrotica (representing virgifera and fucata species groups) and two outgroup Acalymma beetle species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) were inferred from the phylogenetic analysis of a combined data set of 1323 bp of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and the entire second internal transcribed spacer region (ITS-2) of nuclear ribosomal DNA of 362 characters. Species investigated were D. adelpha, D. balteata, D. barberi, D. cristata, D. lemniscata, D. longicornis, D. porracea, D. speciosa, D. undecimpunctata howardi, D. u. undecimpunctata, D. virgifera virgifera, D. v. zeae, D. viridula, and outgroup A. blandulum and A. vittatum. Maximum …

A Generator Of Random Instances Of Binary Finite Constraint Satisfaction Problems With Controllable Levels Of Interchangeability, Hui Zou, Amy Beckwith, Berthe Y. Choueiry

School of Computing: Technical Reports

In order to test the performance of algorithms for solving Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs), we must establish a large collection of CSP instances that meet a given set of specifications, such as the number of variables, domain size, constraint density, tightness, etc. The goal of this report is to describe a generator of instances that have a specified degree of interchangeability. An example of such a generator is described in (Freuder and Sabin 1997), which generates non-reflexive constraints and does not allow us to control concurrently the degree of interchangeability and tightness. We have developed a technique and written a …

Infrastructure Support For Controlled Experimentation With Software Testing And Regression Testing Techniques, Hyunsook Do, Sebastian Elbaum, Gregg Rothermel

School of Computing: Technical Reports

Where the creation, understanding, and assessment of software testing and regression testing techniques are concerned, controlled experimentation is an indispensable research methodology. Obtaining the infrastructure necessary to support such experimentation, however, is difficult and expensive. As a result, progress in experimentation with testing techniques has been slow, and empirical data on the costs and effectiveness of techniques remains relatively scarce. To help address this problem, we have been designing and constructing infrastructure to support controlled experimentation with testing and regression testing techniques. This paper reports on the challenges faced by researchers experimenting with testing techniques, including those that inform the …

Hierarchy-Based Access Control In Distributed Environments, Jean-Camille Birget, Xukai Zou, Guevara Noubir, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Access control is a fundamental concern in any system that manages resources, e.g., operating systems, file systems, databases and communications systems. The problem we address is how to specify, enforce, and implement access control in distributed environments. This problem occurs in many applications such as management of distributed project resources, e-newspaper and payTV subscription services.

Starting from an access relation between users and resources, we derive a user hierarchy, a resource hierarchy, and a unified hierarchy. The unified hierarchy is then used to specify the access relation in a way that is compact and that allows efficient queries. It is …

Hierarchical Ring Network Configuration And Performance Modeling, V. Carl Hamacher, Hong Jiang

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Approximate analytical queuing network models for expected message packet delay in 2-level and 3-level hierarchical ring interconnection networks (INs) are developed. A major class of traffic carried by these INs consists of cache line transfers between processor caches and remote memory modules in shared-memory multiprocessors. Such traffic consists of short, fixed-length messages; they can be conveniently transported by the slotted-ring transmission technique which is studied here. The packet delay results derived from the models are shown to be quite accurate when checked against a simulation study. As well as facilitating analysis, the analytical models can be used to determine optimal …

The Great Plains Natural Resources And Environmental Change Survey Report, D. C. Gosselin, R. Levy, D. Geise

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Optimization Of Amplifier Placements In Switch-Based Optical Networks, Ling Zong, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) offers a solution to the problem of exploiting the large bandwidth on optical links; it is the current favorite multiplexing technology for optical communication networks. Due to the high cost of an optical amplifier, it is desirable to strategically place the amplifiers throughout the network in a way that guarantees that all the signals are adequately amplified while minimizing the total number amplifiers being used. Previous studies all consider a star-based network. This paper demonstrates an original approach for solving the problem in switch-based WDM optical network assuming the traffic matrix is always the permutation of …

The Impact Of Software Evolution On Code Coverage Information, Sebastian Elbaum, David Gable, Gregg Rothermel

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Many tools and techniques for addressing software maintenance problems rely on code coverage information. Often, this coverage information is gathered for a specific version of a software system, and then used to perform analyses on subsequent versions of that system without being recalculated. As a software system evolves, however, modifications to the software alter the software’s behavior on particular inputs, and code coverage information gathered on earlier versions of a program may not accurately reflect the coverage that would be obtained on later versions. This discrepancy may affect the success of analyses dependent on code coverage information. Despite the importance …

Combining Ordering Heuristics And Bundling Techniques For Solving Finite Constraint Satisfaction Problems, Amy Beckwith, Berthe Y. Choueiry

School of Computing: Technical Reports

We investigate techniques to enhance the performance of backtrack search procedure with forward-checking (FC-BT) for finding all solutions to a finite Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP). We consider ordering heuristics for variables and/or values and bundling techniques based on the computation of interchangeability. While the former methods allow us to traverse the search space more effectively, the latter allow us to reduce it size. We design and compare strategies that combine static and dynamic versions of these two approaches. We show empirically the utility of dynamic variable ordering combined with dynamic bundling in both random problems and puzzles.

Results Of Whole-Rock Organic Geochemical Analyses Of The Crp-3 Drillcore, Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica, Richard M. Kettler

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Sediments and rocks recovered in CRP-3 coring operations contain minute amounts of organic matter (average 0.3% TOC). TOC contents and C:N ratios are zoned systematically: those rocks encountered at depths greater than 330 meters below sea floor (mbsf) contain less organic matter and have higher TOC:N ratios (after correcting for inorganic N) than do shallower rocks. The only two samples that have TOC values greater than 1% also contain abundant granule to silt-sized particles of coal. The total sulphur contents of these rocks is very low and indicates either that only small amounts of deposited organic matter were labile, or …

Facies Architecture Of The Crp-3 Drillhole, Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica, Christopher R. Fielding, T. R. Naish, K. J. Woolfe

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The Cenozoic Victoria Land Basin (VLB) stratigraphic section penetrated by CRP-3 is mostly of Early Oligocene age. It contains an array of lithofacies comprising fine-grained mudrocks, interlaminated and interbedded mudrocks/sandstones, mud-rich and mud-poor sandstones, conglomerates and diamctites that are together interpreted as the products of shallow marine to possibly non-marine environments of deposition, affected by the periodic advance and retreat of tidewater glaciers. This lithofacies assemblage can be readily rationalised using the facies scheme designed originally for CRP-2/2A, and published previously. The uppermost 330 metres below sea floor (mbsf) shows a cyclical arrangement of lithofacies also similar to that recognised …

Depositional Environments For Strata Cored In Crp-3 (Cape Roberts Project), Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica: Palaeoglaciological And Palaeoclimatological Inferences, R. D. Powell, M. G. Laird, T. R. Naish, Christopher R. Fielding, L. A. Krissek, J.J. M. Van Der Meer

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Cape Roberts Project drill core 3 (CRP-3) was obtained from Roberts ridge, a sea-floor high located at 77^oS, 12 km offshore from Cape Roberts in western McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. The recovered core is about 939 m long and comprises strata dated as being early Oligocene (possibly latest Eocene) in age, resting unconformably on ~116 m of basement rocks consisting of Palaeozoic Beacon Supergroup sediments. The core includes ten facies commonly occurring in five major associations that are repeated in particular sequences throughout the core and which are interpreted as representing different depositional environments through time. Depositional systems inferred …

Comparison Of Interannual Snowmelt-Onset Dates With Atmospheric Conditions, Sheldon D. Drobot, Mark R. Anderson

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The snowmelt-onset date represents an important transitional point in the Arctic surface energy balance, when albedo decreases and energy absorption increases rapidly in response to the appearance of liquid water. Interannual variations in snowmelt onset are likely related to large-scale variations in atmospheric circulation, such as described by the Arctic Oscillation (AO). This research therefore examines the relationship between monthly-averaged AO values and mean annual snowmelt-onset dates over Arctic sea ice in 13 regions, from 1979 to 1998. The objective is to statistically relate variations in mean annual regional snowmelt-onset dates to variations in the AO. Additionally, monthly-averaged 500 hPa …

The Onset Of Arctic Sea-Ice Snowmelt As Detected With Passive- And Active-Microwave Remote Sensing, Richard R. Forster, David G. Long, Kenneth C. Jezek, Sheldon D. Drobot, Mark R. Anderson

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Daily acquisitions from satellite microwave sensors can be used to observe the spatial and temporal characteristics of the Arctic sea-ice snowmelt onset because the initial presence of liquid water in a dry snowpack causes a dramatic change in the active and passive-microwave response. A daily sequence of backscatter coefficient images from the NASA scatterometer (NSCAT) clearly shows the spatially continuous progression of decreasing backscatter associated with snowmelt onset across the Arctic Ocean during spring 1997. A time series of the active NSCAT backscatter and a scattering index from the passive Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) show similar trends during the time …

Spatial And Temporal Variability In Snowmelt Onset Over Arctic Sea Ice, Mark R. Anderson, Sheldon D. Drobot

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Climate models suggest surface warming in the Arctic will be rapid and pronounced, implying substantial changes in snowmelt onset are likely. This research therefore examines spatial and temporal variability in passive-microwave derived snowmelt-onset dates over Arctic sea ice. The objectives are to understand better the regional characteristics of snowmelt and to document whether the snowmelt-onset record shows signs of climate change. Snowmelt-onset dates are derived with Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer and Special Sensor Microwave/Imager brightness-temperature data, and they are subsequently stratified into 13 regions to analyze spatial and temporal variability. Results illustrate significant spatial variability in snowmelt onset, with the …

Early Oligocene Siliceous Microfossil Biostratigraphy Of Cape Roberts Project Core Crp-3, Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica, David M. Harwood, S. M. Bohaty

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Early Oligocene siliceous microfossils were recovered in the upper c. 193 m of the CRP-3 drillcore. Although abundance and preservation are highly variable through this section, approximately 130 siliceous microfossil taxa were identified, including diatoms, silicoflagellates, ebridians, chrysophycean cysts, and endoskeletal dinoflagellates. Well-preserved and abundant assemblages characterize samples in the upper c. 70 m and indicate deposition in a coastal setting with water depths between 50 and 200 m. Abundance fluctuations over narrow intervals in the upper c. 70 mbsf are interpreted to reflect environmental changes that were either conducive or deleterious to growth and preservation of siliceous microfossils. Only …

Drawdown And Stream Depletion Produced By Pumping In The Vicinity Of A Partially Penetrating Stream, James J. Butler Jr., Vitaly A. Zlotnik, Ming-Shu Tsou

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Commonly used analytical approaches for estimation of pumping-induced drawdown and stream depletion are based on a series of idealistic assumptions about the stream-aquifer system. Anew solution has been developed for estimation of drawdown and stream depletion under conditions that are more representative of those in natural systems (finite width stream of shallow penetration adjoining an aquifer of limited lateral extent). This solution shows that the conventional assumption of a fully penetrating stream will lead to a significant overestimation of stream depletion (> 100%) in many practical applications. The degree of overestimation will depend on the value of the stream leakance …

Basicranial Anatomy Of The Living Linsangs Prionodon And Poiana (Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae), With Comments On The Early Evolution Of Aeluroid Carnivorans, Robert M. Hunt Jr.

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The living Asian linsang, Prionodon pardicolor, shares marked anatomical similarities in basicranium and dentition with the extinct Oligocene aeluroid, Palaeoprionodon lamandini, from the Quercy fissures, France. The living African linsang, Poiana richardsoni, is similar yet slightly more derived in basicranial traits relative to Prionodon pardicolor, and also has basicranial and dental features indicating a relationship to the living genets (Genetta). The basicranial and auditory anatomy of a series Palaeoprionodon-Prionodon-Poiana can be interpreted as a morphocline showing the progressive alteration of the form of the petrosal and auditory bulla from the plesiomorphic aeluroid state in …

The Effects Of Multitasking On Quality Inspection In Advanced Manufacturing Systems, Jose A. Pesante, Robert C. Williges, Jeffrey C. Woldstad

Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Although the industrial quality inspection task has been extensively studied, the effect of multitasking on the performance of the operator in a hybrid inspection system is still unknown. The experiment described in this article compared the quality inspection performance for participants performing a single task, 3 multiple tasks, and 5 multiple tasks. The results of this research indicate that the performance of the operator in the quality inspection task while multitasking in an advanced manufacturing system will be determined by the interaction between the number of different types of defects that can be presented at the same time in the …