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2000

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Evaluation Of Flight ControlTm And Mesurol® As Repellents To Reduce Horned Lark (Eremophila Alpestris) Damage To Lettuce Seedlings, Darryl L. York, John L. Cummings, Richard M. Engeman, James E. Davis Jr. Jan 2000

Evaluation Of Flight ControlTm And Mesurol® As Repellents To Reduce Horned Lark (Eremophila Alpestris) Damage To Lettuce Seedlings, Darryl L. York, John L. Cummings, Richard M. Engeman, James E. Davis Jr.

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We conducted enclosure trials near Huron, CA in the San Joaquin Valley from 12 to 23 January 1999 to determine the efficacy of Flight Control™ (50% anthraquinone) and Mesurol® (75% methiocarb) in preventing horned lark damage to lettuce seedlings. Flight Control™ (FC) and Mesurol® were evaluated as foliar sprays at application rates of 2.79 and 2.27 kg ha-1, respectively. Homed lark damage to lettuce seedlings treated with antraquinone was greater (p = 0.015) than for rnethiocarb®, 60 versus 20%, respectively, and seedlings in control plots were 100% destroyed. While this level of damage is probably unacceptable to lettuce …

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Soil-Moisture Preferences And Soil-Use Behaviors Of Northern Pocket Gophers, Ray T. Sterner Jan 2000

Soil-Moisture Preferences And Soil-Use Behaviors Of Northern Pocket Gophers, Ray T. Sterner

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Factors affecting soil-contact and –manipulation behaviors of pocket gophers (Thomomys and Geomys spp.) are poorly understood. Delineation of these behaviors is crucial to development of new repellent systems that seek to exploit the fossorial activity of these rodents. In a laboratory study involving northern pocket gophers (Thomomys talpoides), I examined the effects(s) of gravimetric soil moisture (i.e., 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%) upon soil-contact and –use behaviors. Six gophers received successive, 0.5 h/day exposures to one of the moist soils compared to dry (0%) soil in a 2-choice apparatus. Times in each compartment and observed …

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Sheep-Predation Behaviors Of Wild-Caught, Confined Coyotes: Some Historical Data, Ray T. Sterner, Kenneth Crane Jan 2000

Sheep-Predation Behaviors Of Wild-Caught, Confined Coyotes: Some Historical Data, Ray T. Sterner, Kenneth Crane

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

As part of efforts to develop The Livestock Protection Collar (U.S. EPA Reg. No. 56228-22), we videotaped sheep-predation events by 23 (15 males and 8 females) wild-caught, confined coyotes (Canis latrans) in a 31 x 41 m enclosure. Coyotes were paired individually with a sheep (Ovis aries) during 1 h daily trials. Nineteen (13 males and 6 females) of the coyotes made 75 fatal attacks of 1 to 7 sheep each; 4 coyotes (2 males and 2 females) made no fatal attacks despite 19 to 39 daily pairings. Of coyotes that made fatal attacks, 13 (9 …

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Strychnine Alkaloid And Avian Reproduction: Effects Occur At Lower Dietary Concentrations With Mallard Ducks Than With Bobwhite Quail, C. A. Pedersen, R. T. Sterner, M. J. Goodall Jan 2000

Strychnine Alkaloid And Avian Reproduction: Effects Occur At Lower Dietary Concentrations With Mallard Ducks Than With Bobwhite Quail, C. A. Pedersen, R. T. Sterner, M. J. Goodall

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Separate subchronic reproductive toxicity studies were conducted using mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus). Three groups (32/group; 16 male-female pairs) of 17-week-old ducks (F0 generation) were fed Purina® Game Bird Breeder Layena® diets containing mean (±SD) 33.2 (±2.7), 68.9 (±1.8), and 140.9 (± 5.1) μg/g strychnine for 20 weeks, with some pairs in each group fed control diet during a subsequent 3-week recovery period. Three groups (32/group; 16 male-female pairs) of 19-week-old quail (F0 generation) were fed similar diets containing mean (±SD) 279.2 (±10.1), 557.4 (±43.5), and 1,113.6 (±46.6) μg/g …

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Integrated Pest Management Of Black Bear Reforestation Damage, Gary W. Witmer, Dale L. Nolte, William Stewart Jan 2000

Integrated Pest Management Of Black Bear Reforestation Damage, Gary W. Witmer, Dale L. Nolte, William Stewart

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Black bear damage to commercial, coniferous trees on intensively managed public and private forest lands of the Pacific Northwest continues to be a problem for forest managers. Historically, methods such as relocation or spring hunts have been used in an effort to reduce bear density and damage. More recently, supplemental feeding has been used in an attempt to provide for the nutritional needs of bears during the damage period. Alternative silvicultural practices and repellents are being investigated for their ability to reduce the likelihood of bear damage. These and other methods need to be examined for their effectiveness, especially in …

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Cormorant Research And Impacts To Southern Aquaculture, Scott Werner Jan 2000

Cormorant Research And Impacts To Southern Aquaculture, Scott Werner

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Several North American waterbird species were negatively affected by compromised environmental quality by the mid-twentieth century. Double-crested cormorant populations responded to increased environmental regulations in the United States in the early 1970s. The abundance of cormorants wintering in southern states (especially Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi) increased concurrently with a marked increase in catfish, crawfish, and bait fish production in these states since 1980, thus increasing regional concern regarding production losses to these industries. Cormorants wintering in Mississippi have increased nearly 225% since 1990. Food habit studies, bioenergetic predictions, and captive-bird foraging experiments indicate that individual cormorants consume approximately 0.5 …

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Evaluation Of Hot Sauce® As A Repellent For Forest Mammals, Kimberly K. Wagner, Dale L. Nolte Jan 2000

Evaluation Of Hot Sauce® As A Repellent For Forest Mammals, Kimberly K. Wagner, Dale L. Nolte

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Foraging by forest mammals can be significantly detrimental to reforestation efforts. Repellents may offer a nonlethal solution for some situations. Hot Sauce® animal repellent uses capsaicin, a trigeminal irritant that should be aversive to most mammals. We conducted a series of tests evaluating the impact of Hot Sauce on foraging by 5 species of forest mammals. In our first study, we examined its potential to reduce browsing by black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus). Damage to Western redcedar seedlings (Thuja plicata) was initially reduced with application of a 6.2% Hot Sauce solution, but efficacy began to decline after …

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Deer Population Management Through Hunting In A Suburban Nature Area In Eastern Nebraska, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Scott E. Hygnstrom Jan 2000

Deer Population Management Through Hunting In A Suburban Nature Area In Eastern Nebraska, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Scott E. Hygnstrom

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The Fontenelle Forest Nature Area (FF) maintained a hands-off management policy for 30 years until it was recognized that white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations had grown to such levels that they were severely degrading native plant communities. In 1995, members of a community task force decided to sponsor annual nine-day hunting seasons on FF after learning that densities exceeded 28 deer/km2. Archers harvested 85 antlerless deer in the FF upland areas adjacent to residential Bellevue, Nebraska during 1996 to 1998. Muzzleloader hunters removed 53 antlerless deer from the FF lowland areas. Archery and muzzleloader hunters harvested …

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Evaluation Of A Radar-Activated, Demand-Performance Bird Hazing System, Gwen R. Stevens, Jamie Rogue, Richard Weber, Larry Clark Jan 2000

Evaluation Of A Radar-Activated, Demand-Performance Bird Hazing System, Gwen R. Stevens, Jamie Rogue, Richard Weber, Larry Clark

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We evaluated a radar-activated integrated hazing system for the protection of waterfowl at large contaminated ponds at a power plant. The hazing devices in the system included acoustic alarm calls, pyrotechnics and chemical repellents dispersed in the form of a bird tear-gas. Unlike, timed interval systems, or systems with random activation sequences, birds did not habituate to the demand-performance system tested. Over the course of a year, we documented that waterfowl were 12.5 times less likely to fly over the hazed contaminated ponds relative to a non-hazed control pond. Of the waterfowl that did fly over both ponds, the likelihood …

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Urban-Suburban Prairie Dog Management: Opportunities And Challenges, Gary W. Witmer, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Karen Manci, Donna Dees Jan 2000

Urban-Suburban Prairie Dog Management: Opportunities And Challenges, Gary W. Witmer, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Karen Manci, Donna Dees

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The historic range of the black-tailed prairie dog has undergone dramatic declines in the last century, prompting concern about the species' long-term viability. While considered a pest by many, others believe that the species is a "keystone" element of prairie ecosystems. Urban-suburban land managers are challenged with preserving colonies of prairie dogs on public lands while dealing with many conflicting interests, social costs, and risks. We review the management plans that municipalities have designed to reduce conflicts by using public input, zoned management, and a variety of management techniques. Areas of difficulty and research needs are also discussed.

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Restoring Ecological Integrity Of Great Rivers: Historical Hydrographs Aid In Defining Reference Conditions For The Missouri River, David L. Galat, Robin Lipkin Jan 2000

Restoring Ecological Integrity Of Great Rivers: Historical Hydrographs Aid In Defining Reference Conditions For The Missouri River, David L. Galat, Robin Lipkin

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Restoring the ecological integrity of regulated large rivers necessitates characterizing the natural flow regime. We applied ‘Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration’ to assess the natural range of variation of the Missouri River’s flow regime at 11 locations before (1929–1948) and after (1967–1996) mainstem impoundment. The 3768 km long Missouri River was divided into three sections: upper basin least-altered from flow regulation, including the lower Yellowstone River; middle basin inter-reservoir, and lower basin channelized. Flow regulation was associated with a reduction in magnitude and duration of the annual flood pulse, an increase in magnitude and duration of annual discharge minima, a reduction …

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Phylogeny Of Calostoma, The Gelatinous-Stalked Puffball, Based On Nuclear And Mitochondrial Ribosomal Dna Sequences, Brandi D. Hughey, Gerard C. Adams, Tom D. Bruns, David S. Hibbett Jan 2000

Phylogeny Of Calostoma, The Gelatinous-Stalked Puffball, Based On Nuclear And Mitochondrial Ribosomal Dna Sequences, Brandi D. Hughey, Gerard C. Adams, Tom D. Bruns, David S. Hibbett

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Nucleotide sequence of the nuclear small and large subunit and the mitochondrial small and large ribosomal genes of Calostoma were used to investigate evolutionary relationships with other Basidiomycetes. In separate analyses with each gene, Calostoma was placed within the Boletales and outside the clades containing most gilled mushrooms, puffballs, stalked puffballs, earthstars, stinkhorns, and nonboletalean Gasteromycetes. This contradicted previous taxonomic hypotheses. Calostoma was most closely related to Gyroporus, Pisolithus, and Scleroderma based on maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analysis of the mitochondrial large ribosomal gene database, which contained several representatives of most genera of the Boletales. In three …

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Gender Differences In The Development Of Substance- Related Problems: The Impact Of Family History Of Alcoholism, Family History Of Violence And Childhood Conduct Problems, Stephen T. Chermack, Scott F. Stoltenberg, Bret E. Fuller, Frederic C. Blow Jan 2000

Gender Differences In The Development Of Substance- Related Problems: The Impact Of Family History Of Alcoholism, Family History Of Violence And Childhood Conduct Problems, Stephen T. Chermack, Scott F. Stoltenberg, Bret E. Fuller, Frederic C. Blow

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Objective: This study examined gender differences regarding the relative influence of family history of alcoholism (FHA) and family history of violence (FHV) on reported childhood conduct problems (CCP) and adult problems with alcohol, drugs and violence. Method: The participants were 110 men and 103 women with alcohol-related problems recruited within 30 days of enrolling in treatment for substance abuse or dependence. Participants completed self-report measures of pretreatment violence, FHV, CCP, substance use and consequences, and demographics; a semi-structured interview was used to assess FHA. Results: Structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses revealed gender differences with regard to the influence of FHA …

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Antipredator Vigilance Of Juvenile And Adult Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrels And The Role Of Nutritional Need, Cody Arenz, Daniel Leger Jan 2000

Antipredator Vigilance Of Juvenile And Adult Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrels And The Role Of Nutritional Need, Cody Arenz, Daniel Leger

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Juvenile thirteen-lined ground squirrels, Spermophilus tridecemlineatus, are less vigilant (i.e. they spend less time visually scanning the environment) than adults. To determine whether nutritional need was a potential cause of this difference, we supplemented two groups of free-ranging juveniles during the predispersal stage, while juveniles were still near and around the natal burrows. The high-energy food group (HEF: 11 squirrels) received peanut butter and oats while the low-energy food group (LEF: seven squirrels) received lettuce. Adults (14 squirrels) were also supplemented, but due to their greater home range sizes, it was not feasible to classify them as either HEF …

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Dissertations And Theses Sponsored By The Department Of Sociology In The University Of Nebraska-Lincoln 1905-1999: Alphabetical And Chronological Lists, Michael R. Hill Jan 2000

Dissertations And Theses Sponsored By The Department Of Sociology In The University Of Nebraska-Lincoln 1905-1999: Alphabetical And Chronological Lists, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

The year 2000 marks the centennial of the formal departmental organization of sociology at the University of Nebraska. The compilations presented here recognize and celebrate the achievements of hundreds of graduate students, my fellow alumni, who have completed masters theses and doctoral dissertations under the auspices of the Department of Sociology. These student works are constructive, often innovative additions to the advancement of knowledge, and several have been abridged in journal articles or published as books (cf., Hill 1988b). The doctoral dissertation, in particular, is a major rite de passage in the transition from student to intellectual (Deegan and Hill …

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A Symposium On Lucile Eaves: Lucile Eaves And Nebraska Sociology, Michael R. Hill Jan 2000

A Symposium On Lucile Eaves: Lucile Eaves And Nebraska Sociology, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

THE MAJOR published, first-person accounts of early sociology and sociologists at the University of Nebraska include perspectives by George Elliott Howard (1908, 1927), Olivia Pound (1916), Hattie Plum Williams (1919, 1920, 1929), Edward Alsworth Ross (1935), Hutton Webster (1952), and Joyce O. Hertzler (1929). To this instructive and growing list we are pleased to add Lucile Eaves’ sociological autobiography, written in 1928, as well as an example, drawn from Nebraska’s University Journal, of her contemporary observations on social life (Eaves 1914a, b, 1915a, b, c).

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Review Of Le Play, Engineer And Social Scientist, Michael R. Hill Jan 2000

Review Of Le Play, Engineer And Social Scientist, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

This monograph, a biographical sketch of the early French sociologist, Pierre Guillaume Frederic Le Play, is not a new book. Despite the crisp and attractive appearance of this handsome volume now offered by Transaction Publishers, it is a reprint of a work originally published in England in 1970 by Longmans (a fact noted only in the fore matter on the copyright page). A book of this vintage deserves a new introduction and a bibliographic update. Further, unsettling my sensibilities as an academically trained geographer, Transaction did not reprint the fold-out, multicolor exemplar of Le Play's cartography, located between pages 8 …

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Geochemical Variations In Peoria Loess Of Western Iowa Indicate Paleowinds Of Midcontinental North America During Last Glaciation, Daniel R. Muhs, E. Arthur Bettis Iii Jan 2000

Geochemical Variations In Peoria Loess Of Western Iowa Indicate Paleowinds Of Midcontinental North America During Last Glaciation, Daniel R. Muhs, E. Arthur Bettis Iii

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Peoria Loess deposited in western Iowa during the last glacial maximum (LGM) shows distinct geochemical and particle-size variations as a function of both depth and distance east of the Missouri River. Geochemical and particle-size data indicate that Peoria Loess in western Iowa probably had two sources: the Missouri River valley, and a source that lay to the west of the Missouri River. Both sources indicate that LGM paleowinds in western Iowa had a strong westerly component, similar to interpretations of previous workers. A compilation of loess studies in Iowa and elsewhere indicates that westerlv winds were dominant during loess transport …

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Effects Of Topography And Soil Properties On Recharge At Two Sites In An Agricultural Field, Geoffrey N. Delin, Richard W. Healy, Matthew K. Landon, John Karl Böhlke Jan 2000

Effects Of Topography And Soil Properties On Recharge At Two Sites In An Agricultural Field, Geoffrey N. Delin, Richard W. Healy, Matthew K. Landon, John Karl Böhlke

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Field experiments were conducted from 1992 to 1995 to estimate ground water recharge rates at two sites located within a 2.7-hectare agricultural field. The field lies in a sand plain setting in central Minnesota and is cropped continuously in field corn. The sites are located at a topographically high (upland) site and a topographically low (lowland) site in an effort to quantify the effects of depression focusing of recharge. Three site-specific methods were used to estimate recharge rates: well hydrograph analysis, chlorofluorocarbon age dating, and an unsaturated zone water balance. All three recharge methods indicated that recharge rates at the …

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Holocene Environmental And Climatic Change In The Northern Great Plains As Recorded In The Geochemistry Of Sediments In Pickerel Lake, South Dakota, Walter E. Dean, Antje Schwalb Jan 2000

Holocene Environmental And Climatic Change In The Northern Great Plains As Recorded In The Geochemistry Of Sediments In Pickerel Lake, South Dakota, Walter E. Dean, Antje Schwalb

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The sediments in Pickerel Lake, northeastern South Dakota, provide a continuous record of climatic and environmental change for the last 12000 yr. Sediments deposited between 12 and 6 ka (radiocarbon) show extreme variations in composition, oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of bulk carbonate, carbon isotopic composition of organic matter, and magnetic susceptibility. These variations reflect changes in sources of moisture, regional vegetation types, precipitation-evaporation balance, ground- and surface-water influx, water residence time, erosion, lake productivity, water level, and water temperature. The total carbonate content of late Pleistocene sediments steadily increased from <20% at the base of the core to as much as 80% in sediments deposited between 11 and 9 ka. By about 8 ka, the total carbonate content of the sediments had declined to about 40% where it remained with little variation for the past 8 kyr, suggesting relatively stable conditions. There are marked increases in values of δ13C and δ18O in bulk carbonate, …

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Predicting The Probability Of Detecting Organochlorine Pesticides And Polychlorinated Biphenyls In Stream Systems On The Basis Of Land Use In The Pacific Northwest, Usa, Robert W. Black, Alan L. Haggland, Frank D. Voss Jan 2000

Predicting The Probability Of Detecting Organochlorine Pesticides And Polychlorinated Biphenyls In Stream Systems On The Basis Of Land Use In The Pacific Northwest, Usa, Robert W. Black, Alan L. Haggland, Frank D. Voss

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

We analyzed streambed sediment and fish tissue (Cottus sp.) at 30 sites in the Puget Sound and Willamette basins in Washington and Oregon, USA, respectively, for organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The study was designed to determine the concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and PCBs in fish tissue and sediment by land use within these basins and to develop an empirical relation between land use and the probability of detecting these compounds in fish tissue or sediment. We identified 14 organochlorines in fish tissue and sediment; three compounds were unique to either fish tissue or sediment samples. The …

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Viability Of Piping Plover Charadrius Melodus Metapopulations, Jonathan H. Plissner, Susan M. Haig Jan 2000

Viability Of Piping Plover Charadrius Melodus Metapopulations, Jonathan H. Plissner, Susan M. Haig

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The meta-population viability analysis package, vortex, was used to examine viability and recovery objectives for piping plovers Charadrius melodus, an endangered shorebird that breeds in three distinct regions of North America. Baseline models indicate that while Atlantic Coast populations, under current management practices, are at little risk of near-term extinction, Great Plains and Great Lakes populations require 36% higher mean fecundity for a significant probability of persisting for the next 100 years. Meta-population structure (i.e. the delineation of populations within the meta-population) and inter-population dispersal rates had varying effects on model results; however, spatially-structured meta-populations exhibited lower viability than …

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Consequences Of Antenna Design In Telemetry Studies Of Small Passerines, Steve J. Dougill, Luanne Johnson, Paul C. Banko, Dan M. Goltz, Michael R. Wiley, John D. Semones Jan 2000

Consequences Of Antenna Design In Telemetry Studies Of Small Passerines, Steve J. Dougill, Luanne Johnson, Paul C. Banko, Dan M. Goltz, Michael R. Wiley, John D. Semones

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Entanglement and mortality of Palila (Loxioides bailleui), an endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper, occurred when birds were radio-tagged with transmitters equipped with a long, limp, solder-tipped antenna. Birds were found suspended in trees by their transmitter antenna on eight occasions. Although these birds eventually freed themselves or were freed by us, at least one bird died afterwards. For radio telemetry studies of small passerine species we recommend avoiding transmitters equipped with an antenna that is bulbous at the tip, >16 cm in length, limp, and shiny.

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Geomorphometry – Diversity In Quantitative Surface Analysis, Richard J. Pike Jan 2000

Geomorphometry – Diversity In Quantitative Surface Analysis, Richard J. Pike

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

A widening variety of applications is diversifying geomorphometry (digital terrain modelling), the quantitative study of topography. An amalgam of earth science, mathematics, engineering and computer science, the discipline has been revolutionized by the computer manipulation of gridded terrain heights, or digital elevation models (DEMs). Its rapid expansion continues. This article reviews the remarkable diversity of recent morphometric work in 15 selected topics and discusses their significance and prospects. The quantitative analysis of industrial microsurface topography is introduced to the earth science community. The 14 other topics are Internet access to geomorphometry; global DEMs; DEM modelling of channel networks; …

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Single-Dilution Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay For Quantification Of Antigen-Specific Salmonid Antibody, Stewart W. Alcorn, Ronald J. Pascho Jan 2000

Single-Dilution Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay For Quantification Of Antigen-Specific Salmonid Antibody, Stewart W. Alcorn, Ronald J. Pascho

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed on the basis of testing a single dilution of serum to quantify the level of antibody to the p57 protein of Renibacterium salmoninarum in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). The levels of antibody were interpolated from a standard curve constructed by relating the optical densities (OD) produced by several dilutions of a high-titer rainbow trout (O. mykiss) antiserum to the p57 protein. The ELISA OD values produced by as many as 36 test sera on each microplate were compared with the standard curve to calculate the antigen-specific antibody activity. Repeated …

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Natural And Anthropogenic Influences On The Distribution Of The Threatened Neosho Madtom In A Midwestern Warmwater Stream, Mark L. Wildhaber, Vernon M. Tabor, Daniel W. Mulhern, Kenneth L. Powell, Scott P. Sowa Jan 2000

Natural And Anthropogenic Influences On The Distribution Of The Threatened Neosho Madtom In A Midwestern Warmwater Stream, Mark L. Wildhaber, Vernon M. Tabor, Daniel W. Mulhern, Kenneth L. Powell, Scott P. Sowa

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

We attempted to discern the contributions of physical habitat, water chemistry, nutrients, and contaminants from historic lead-zinc mining activities on the riffle-dwelling benthic fish community of the Spring River, a mid western warm water stream that originates in Missouri and flows into Kansas and Oklahoma. The Spring River has a fish community that includes the Neosho madtom Noturus placidus, a species federally listed as threatened. Although anthropogenic factors such as contaminants limited populations and densities of fishes, an integrated assessment of natural and anthropogenic factors was necessary to effectively estimate the influence of the latter. Fish populations in the …

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Enriched Eggs As A Source Of N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids For Humans, Nancy M. Lewis, S. Seburg, N. L. Flanagan Jan 2000

Enriched Eggs As A Source Of N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids For Humans, Nancy M. Lewis, S. Seburg, N. L. Flanagan

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) decreases the risk of heart disease, inhibits the growth of prostate and breast cancer, delays the loss of immunological functions, and is required for normal fetal brain and visual development. The US has not established a recommended daily intake for n-3 PUFA. However, Canada has established the Canadian Recommended Nutrient Intake (CRNI) at 0.5% of energy. Dietary sources of n-3 PUFA include fish, chicken, eggs, canola oil, and soybean oil. Food consumption studies in the US indicate that the majority of Americans do not meet the CRNI for n-3 PUFA. Mean n-3 …

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A New Eimeria Sp. From The Plumbeous Central American Caecilian, Dermophis Mexicanus (Amphibia: Gymnophiona) From Volcán, Tajumulco, Department Of San Marcos, Guatemala, Ingrid M. Asmundsson, Jonathan A. Campbell, Donald W. Duszynski Jan 2000

A New Eimeria Sp. From The Plumbeous Central American Caecilian, Dermophis Mexicanus (Amphibia: Gymnophiona) From Volcán, Tajumulco, Department Of San Marcos, Guatemala, Ingrid M. Asmundsson, Jonathan A. Campbell, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Fresh fecal samples from 5 caecilians (Dermophis mexicanus) were collected and examined for coccidia in the summer of 1998. The caecilians were collected in the Department of San Marcos, Guatemala. Two of the 5 (40%) specimens of caecilians contained an Eimeria species that is described here as new. This represents the first coccidia described from a gymnophionian host. Sporulated oocysts are spheroidal to subspheroidal, 19.5 × 17.7 (16–23 × 15–21) μm, micropyle and oocyst residuum are absent, and 3 (or more) polar granules are always present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 11.0 × 7.2 (10–12 × 6–9); a Stieda body …

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Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Of The Mammalian Order Insectivora, Donald W. Duszynski, Steve J. Upton Jan 2000

Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Of The Mammalian Order Insectivora, Donald W. Duszynski, Steve J. Upton

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The coccidia (protistan phylum Apicomplexa Levine, 1970) comprise a large group of obligate intracellular parasites commonly found in all classes of vertebrate hosts and in some invertebrates. This review focuses on those species within the Eimeriidae because they are among the most prevalent and speciose of all parasite groups, and there is no taxonomic summation currently available for those species that infect insectivores. All published species descriptions in the genera Cyclospora, Eimeria and Isospora that infect insectivores are reviewed and evaluated. Some of the named species are invalid, either because rules concerning the naming of new species (International …

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Life Cycle Of Calyptospora Funduli (Apicomplexa: Calyptosporidae), John W. Fournie, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein, Robin M. Overstreet, William E. Hawkins Jan 2000

Life Cycle Of Calyptospora Funduli (Apicomplexa: Calyptosporidae), John W. Fournie, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein, Robin M. Overstreet, William E. Hawkins

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The taxonomic status of the extraintestinal piscine coccidium Calyptospora funduli is based in part on its requirement of an intermediate host (the daggerblade grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio). In the present study, grass shrimp fed livers of Gulf killifish (Fundulus grandis) infected with sporulated oocysts of C. funduli exhibited numerous sporozoites suspended in the intestinal contents when fresh squash preparations were examined by light microscopy. Using this method, sporozoites were not seen in intestinal epithelial cells of the grass shrimp or in any other cell types. Ultrastructural examination, however, revealed sporozoites in the cytoplasm of the gut basal …

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