Digital Commons Network^™

Japan Goes Web Crazy : E-Commerce And Online Shopping Trend [Sic] And Future In Japan, Masahisa Hanamura

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

No abstract provided.

University Family Housing: An Assessment Of Needs, Sarah Jo Shelley

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

No abstract provided.

Incorporating Competition Between Life Forms Into The Soil Water Submodel Within Stand-Bgc A Vegetative Process Model, Ellen P. Voth

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

No abstract provided.

The Confluence Of Antitrust And Intellectual Property At The New Century, E. Thomas Sullivan

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Fear Of Frankenfoods: A Better Labeling Standard For Genetically Modified Foods, Matthew Franken

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

The Role Of The Law Review In The Tradition Of Judicial Scholarship, Kenneth F. Ripple

Journal Articles

This article explores one of the most important sources of judicial education, the law review. Part I first examines, by way of introduction, why continued intellectual growth is so important to the American jurist of today. It then sets forth the growth of the law review as an institution within the legal profession. Part II examines the various roles that law reviews play traditionally in the intellectual life of a judge and suggests, with respect to each, certain improvements in the judge-law review relationship designed both to enhance the effectiveness of the law review as an intellectual companion and to …

Opportunities For Family Research In Marketing, Suraj Commuri, James W. Gentry

Department of Marketing: Faculty Publications

Family as a consuming and decision making unit is a central phenomenon in marketing and consumer behavior. However, in the recent past, there has been a decline in interest in family as a unit of analysis. Yet, at the same time, the family -- as an institution -- is undergoing a metamorphosis and currently stands at the threshold of significant transformation. In this paper, we argue that the decreased interest in family as a unit of analysis in marketing is largely due to the fact that many interesting propositions about family as a consuming unit remain outside the current perspective …

Measuring The Tameness Of Almost Convex Groups, Susan Hermiller, John Meier

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

A 1-combing for a finitely presented group consists of a continuous family of paths based at the identity and ending at points x in the 1-skeleton of the Cayley 2-complex associated to the presentation. We define two functions (radial and ball tameness functions) that measure how efficiently a 1-combing moves away from the identity. These functions are geometric in the sense that they are quasi-isometry invariants. We show that a group is almost convex if and only if the radial tameness function is bounded by the identity function; hence almost convex groups, as well as certain generalizations of almost convex …

Genetic Relationship Among Diabrotica Species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Based On Rdna And Mtdna Sequences, Allen L. Szalanski, Richard L. Roehrdanz, David B. Taylor

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Corn rootworms of the genus Diabrotica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) are the most serious pest of corn in midwestern United States. Despite their economic importance, phylogenetic relationships within the genus remain unclear. Phylogenetic analysis of five Diabrotica species and subspecies was undertaken using DNA sequences of the nuclear rDNA first internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1) and a portion of the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I and II genes (COI/COII). Parsimony and maximum likelihood analysis indicated that southern corn rootworm is sister to banded cucumber beetle, whereas, northern corn rootworm forms a distinct clade with western and Mexican corn rootworm. ITS1 and COI/COII were …

Hydrolase And Oxido-Reductase Activities In Diuraphis Noxia And Rhopalosiphum Padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Xinzhi Ni, Sharron S. Quisenberry, Saowaluck Pornkulwat, James Lester Figarola, Steven R. Skoda, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Four hydrolases and five oxido-reductases were examined using native stacking polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Homogenate of Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), "Arapahoe" (aphid-susceptible) and "Halt" (aphid-resistant) wheat, Triticum aestivum L., and powdery mildew-infected Erysiphe graminis DC. ex Merat f. sp. tritici Em. Marchal, Arapahoe wheat leaves were assayed for enzyme activities. Pectinesterase, polygalacturonase (or pectinase), cellulase, and amylase activities were examined in the hydrolase group. Catalase, peroxidase, catechol oxidase, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbate oxidase activities were examined in the group of oxido-reductases. The two aphid species had the same hydrolases but different oxido-reductases. Although …

Differentiation Of Three Phenotypically Similar Blattella Spp.: Analysis With Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Of Mitochondrial Dna, Pari Pachamuthu, Shripat T. Kamble, Thomas L. Clark, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Differentiation of Blattella asahinai Mizukubo, Blattella vaga Hebard, and Blattella germanica (L.) was investigated using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). DNA fragments corresponding to mitochondrial CO1,CO1/TL2(small and large fragments), and ITS2 regions were amplified using PCR. The universal primers used for amplifying mitochondrial CO1 and CO1/TL2 (small and large fragments) were CO1-J-1718/CO1- N-2191, CO1-J-2441/TL2-N-3014, and CO1-J-1751/TL2-N-3014. Amplification was observed with all primer combinations, but diagnostic patterns were found only with AluI digested amplicons of CO1 and CO1/TL2 (large fragments) regions. Both inter/intraspecific polymorphism was observed for the 517 bp CO1 region between German (A, B) and Asian …

Salinity And Shade Preferences Result In Ovipositional Differences Between Sympatric Tiger Beetle Species, W. Wyatt Hoback, Douglas A. Golick, Tina Marie Svatos, Stephen M. Spomer, Leon G. Higley

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

1. Adult tiger beetles of the genus Cicindela often co-occur within a habitat but larvae do not. Larvae are sedentary and form usually permanent burrows at the site of oviposition where they require 1-3 years for development.

2. To test niche partitioning based on ovipositional preference, the behavior of two sympatric salt marsh tiger beetles, Cicindela circumpicta and C. togata (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae), were examined.

3. In laboratory studies, female C. circumpicta and C. togata distinguished between experimental salinities, with the former preferring 4 parts per thousand (ppt) and the latter preferring 12 ppt. In the field, C. circumpicta larvae were …

Lsmac And Lsnait: Two Approaches For Cluster-Based Scalable Web Servers, Xuehong Gana, Trevor Schroeder, Steve Goddard, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Server responsiveness and scalability are more important than ever in today’s client/server dominated network environments. Recently, researchers have begun to consider cluster-based computers using commodity hardware as an alternative to expensive specialized hardware for building scalable Web servers. In this paper, we present performance results comparing two cluster-based Web servers based on different server infrastructures: MAC-based dispatching (LSMAC) and IP-based dispatching (LSNAT). Both cluster-based server systems were implemented as application-space programs running on commodity hardware. We point out the advantages and disadvantages of both systems. We also identify when servers should be clustered and when clustering will not improve performance.

Virtual Topology Reconfiguration Of Wavelength-Routed Optical Wdm Networks, Byrav Ramamurthy, Ashok Ramakrishnan

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

The bandwidth requirements of the Internet are increasing every day and there are newer and more bandwidth-thirsty applications emerging on the horizon. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is the next step towards leveraging the capabilities of the optical fiber, especially for wide-area backbone networks. The ability to switch a signal at intermediate nodes in a WDM network based on their wavelengths is known as wavelength-routing. One of the greatest advantages of using wavelength-routing WDM is the ability to create a virtual topology different from the physical topology of the underlying network. This virtual topology can be reconfigured when necessary, to improve …

Optical Communication Networks For The Next-Generation Internet, Arun K. Somani, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Computer and telecommunication networks are changing the world dramatically and will continue to do so in the foreseeable future. The Internet, primarily based on packet switches, provides very flexible data services such as e-mail and access to the World Wide Web. The Internet is a variable-delay, variable- bandwidth network that provides no guarantee on quality of service (QoS) in its initial phase. New services are being added to the pure data delivery framework of yesterday. Such high demands on capacity could lead to a “bandwidth crunch” at the core wide-area network, resulting in degradation of service quality. Fortunately, technological innovations …

Isotopic Signature Of Burial Diagenesis And Primary Lithological Contrasts In Periplatform Carbonates (Miocene, Great Bahama Bank), Tracy D. Frank, Karin Bernet

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The stable isotope geochemistry of Miocene sediments from the leeward margin of the Great Bahama Bank was examined to investigate burial diagenetic processes in periplatform carbonates. Data indicate that, in addition to differences in bulk proportions of neritic and pelagic carbonate along the slope, rhythmic variation in primary carbonate content has controlled patterns of burial diagenesis and associated geochemical signatures throughout much of the succession examined. The present study focuses on Ocean Drilling Program Sites 1006 and 1007, the most distal of five sites drilled from marginal to deep basin environments during Leg 166. These Miocene sections are characterized by …

Preliminary Results Of Bitumen And Whole-Rock Elemental Analyses Of Crp-2/2a, Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica, Richard Kettler, E. Papastavros

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Sediments and rocks recovered in CRP-2/2A coring operations contain relatively little organic matter (average TOC=0.28%) and very small amounts of solvent-soluble organic matter. Because Early Oligocene sediment included significant amounts of coal detritus, TOC values are higher in Early Oligocene rocks than in younger rocks. TOC values are highest in the fine-grained rocks deposited as part of the highstand systems tract (HST) and TOC values decrease from the bottom to the top of the HST. The TOC:TN ratios observed in the CRP-2/2A core typically exceed 10, and are strong evidence that the preserved organic matter comprises a mixture of detrital …

Laser-Derived, Particle Size Data From Crp-2/2a: Implications For Sequence And Seismic Stratigraphy, K J. Woolfe, L K. Stewart, Christopher R. Fielding, M Lavelle

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Gravel-free, high-resolution (1-metre spacing, 32 channel) particle size data from the CRP-2/2A drill core indicate that many of the diamictites were likely deposited from floating ice. Textural dislocations occur at most sequence boundaries and provide independent corroboration of the sequence stratigraphic interpretation. Likewise the data largely support the correlation drawn (Fielding et al., this volume) between the sequence stratigraphic cycles and the regional seismic stratigraphy (an alternative correlation to Reflector ‘f’ is also suggested). The gravel-free data appear to be reflecting predominantly regional (global?) forcing with some possible local effects, and long-term trends persisting through gravelly textural dislocations.

Palaeogene Calcareous Nannofossils From Crp-2/2a, Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica, David K. Watkins, G. Villa

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Rare calcareous nannofossils from the Cape Roberts Project drillhole CRP-2A indicate that this area was episodically invaded by marginal oceanic surface waters during the late and late early Oligocene. These depauperate assemblages lack most of the biostratigraphic index fossils for the Oligocene, but do provide two datums that aid in constraining the age of the section: the last appearance datum (LAD) of Dictyococcites bisectus (23.9 Ma) at 149.28 mbsf and the LAD of Chiasmolithus altus (26.1 Ma) at 412.25 mbsf. Calcareous nannofossil assemblages stratigraphically below c. 440 mbsf contain conspicuous evidence of reworking of older (late Eocene) specimens that renders …

Morphology And Taxonomic Position Of The Late Cretaceous Diatom Genus Pomphodiscus Barker & Meakin, Vladimir A. Nikolaev, David M. Harwood

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Results from our investigation of Upper Cretaceous diatoms from the Marca Shale Member of the Moreno Shale in California and from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 748C on the Kerguelen Plateau ,Southern Indian Ocean enable a clarification of the taxonomic position of several diatoms. Differences in areola structure ,a primary and conservative character of the diatom valve, are used to separate diatoms recently included in the genus Benetorus. We resurrect he genus Pomphodiscusto include species with locular areolae, a central rimoportula ,and a central inflated chamber .We propose the new species Pomphodiscusk erguelensisn. sp. and new combination Pomphodiscusc …

Kinematic Structure Of Minipermeameter Flow, Daniel M. Tartakovsky, J. David Moulton, Vitaly A. Zlotnik

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Minipermeameters are rapidly becoming a popular tool for collecting localized
measurements of permeability in both laboratory and field studies. While one of the main advantages of minipermeameters is their ability to collect data on various support volumes, there have been only limited attempts to analyze their size and geometry. We define the support volume of minipermeameter measurements as a region containing 90% of the total gas flow, i.e., a region bounded by the 10% streamline. Using our new semianalytical solutions for the Stokes' stream function, we demonstrate that the support volume has a shape of the semitoroid adjacent to the …

Oligocene And Lower Miocene Siliceous Microfossil Biostratigraphy Of Cape Roberts Project Core Crp-2/2a, Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica, R. Scherer, S. M. Bohaty, David M. Harwood

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Marine diatoms are the primary biostratigraphical and palaeoenvironmental tool for interpreting the upper Palaeogene and lower Neogene strata recovered during the second drilling season of the Cape Roberts Project at site CRP-2 in the western Ross Sea, Antarctica. Silicoflagellates, ebridians, and a chrysophyte cyst provide supporting biostratigraphical information. More than 100 dominantly planktic diatom taxa are recognised. Of these, more than 30 are treated informally, pending SEM examination and formal description. Many other taxa are noted only to generic level. Lower Oligocene (c. 31Ma) through lower Miocene (c. 18.5 Ma) diatoms occur from 28 mbsf down to 565 …

Design Of Visual Displays For Teleoperation, S. H. Park, Jeffrey C. Woldstad

Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Human exposures to hostile work environments can be reduced when tele-operated systems are used to remotely control manipulators in these environments. Tele-operation systems were initially developed by the nuclear industry but are currently applied in areas including surgery, construction, mining, warehousing, firefighting, undersea exploration, military operations, and space. The role of human operators in tele-operated systems varies with the level-ofautomation of the system. Some systems require only supervisory control from the operator, while many others require direct manual manipulation through a controller. However, even for highly automated systems, human operators play an important role as a backup when the system …

Digital Human Models For Ergonomics, Jeffrey C. Woldstad

Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Digital human models in the context of this section are computer-generated representations of human beings used in computer-aided design (CAD) or similar programs. These models are increasingly being used by ergonomists and other engineers to design both equipment and work environments to meet the needs of human operators. They have the advantage of allowing the designer to explore the potential advantages and disadvantages of different design configurations without requiring the construction of expensive physical mock-ups used in the past.

Using a digital human model, design engineers can position and manipulate operators of varying anthropometry within the simulated work environment. A …

Quality Inspection Task In Modern Manufacturing, J. A. Pesante-Santana, Jeffrey C. Woldstad

Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

The development of numerically controlled machines, group technology, cellular manufacturing and just-in-time (JIT) production systems have revolutionized the way products are designed and manufactured. These technological and strategic advances have changed the role of human operators in the manufacturing environment. The highly specialized work force of the low-tech manufacturing system has evolved into the multi-skilled work force of the high- tech manufacturing system. Among the multiple tasks that an operator is expected to perform in advance manufacturing systems (AMS) are job scheduling, inventory planning, machine set-up, problem-solving and quality inspection.

Throughout this evolution, human sensory detection capabilities have been a …

Doppler Estimation Using A Coherent Ultrawide-Band Random Noise Radar, Ram M. Narayanan, Muhammad Dawood

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

The University of Nebraska has developed an ultrawide- band (UWB) coherent random noise radar operating over the 1–2 GHz frequency range. The system achieves phase coherence by using heterodyne correlation of the received signal with a time-delayed frequency-shifted replica of the transmit waveform. Knowledge of the phase of the received signal and its time dependence due to target motion permits the extraction of the mean Doppler frequency from which the target speed can be inferred. Theoretical analysis, simulation studies, and laboratory measurements using a microwave delay line showed that it was possible to estimate the Doppler frequency from targets with …

Sar Imaging Using Fully Random Bandlimited Signals, Dmitriy S. Garmatyuk, Ram M. Narayanan

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

A coherent ultrawideband (UWB) random noise synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has been developed and tested at the University of Nebraska. It has been experimentally shown that this type of radar is capable of extracting the phase and the amplitude of the backscattered signal, thus enabling us to create target profiles in the frequency domain. The use of fully random waveforms (bandlimited noise) as the transmit signal is analyzed in this paper. A UWB signal model is developed and radar signal processing is simulated to yield statistical characteristics of image formation using stochastic waveforms. The influence of UWB signal characteristics on …

The Effect Of Ceo Tenure On The Relation Between Firm Performance And Turnover, Sam Allgood, Kathleen A. Farrell

Department of Finance: Faculty Publications

We analyze the effect of CEO tenure on the relation between firm performance and forced turnover. We find that the performance-forced turnover relation is conditional on CEO tenure. Our results suggest a constant negative relation between firm performance and forced turnover throughout an inside CEO’s tenure. Founders are entrenched early in their careers but held accountable for firm performance later in their careers. We find evidence that outside hires experience a probationary period, followed by a period of apparent entrenchment during their intermediate years that weakens later in their tenure.

A Dialogue Of The Deaf: Hebrew Pedagogy And Anti-Jewish Polemic In Sebastian Münster's Messiahs Of The Christians And The Jews (1529/39), Stephen G. Burnett

Department of Classics and Religious Studies: Faculty Publications

The majority of Christian Hebraists during the early years of the Reformation devoted their attention to studying the Hebrew text of the Old Testament and the Hebrew language itself. Heeding the humanist admonition to "return to the sources," Martin Bucer, Konrad Pellikan, and a number of other scholars used their new skills to create a plethora of new Bible translations, biblical commentaries, and linguistic helps. Greater knowledge of Hebrew and Jewish literature also made these scholars aware of Jewish anti-Christian polemics. Jewish biblical commentators such as David Kimhi and the authors of books such as Sefer Nizzahon and Toledot Yesu …

Low Coherence Fiber Optics For Random Noise Radar, Ruixiang Jiang, Kyle W. Wolfe, Lim Nguyen

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications (to 2015)

Coherent random noise radar has been developed at the University of Nebraska for the detection and identification of shallow subsurface objects such as land mines. Other application ranges from remote sensing, synthetic aperture radar and high-resolution interferometer, to covert target tracking. in this paper, we describe the experimental investigation of a novel applicntion of superfluorescent fiber or erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) light sources(SFS) for random noise radar. The ultra-wide band noise coupled with the use of optical fiber delay lines makes SFS ideally suited for random noise radar applications. Optical fiber- makes long and multiple-step delay lines of a …