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Photo-Enhanced Toxicity In Amphibians: Synergistic Interactions Of Solar Ultraviolet Radiation And Aquatic Contaminants, Edward E. Little, Robin Calfee, Richard Skinker, Angela Zaga-Parkhurst, Mace G. Barron

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Amphibians experience a broad range of multiple environmental stressors that occur in natural systems. However, the impact of combinations of these stressors on amphibians are rarely examined. The effect of two stressors on amphibians, solar ultraviolet radiation (SUV) and environmental contamination, was investigated. To examine the interactive effects of SUV and environmental contaminants, Hyla venicolor and Rana sphenocephala were exposed in the laboratory to a carbamate insecticide and the water soluble fraction of a weathered petroleum in combination with various intensities of simulated solar radiation (SSR). The contaminants were tested at environmentally relevant concentrations. Synergistic interactions between SSR and these …

Effects Of Altosid And Abate-4e On Deformities And Survival In Southern Leopard Frogs Under Semi-Natural Conditions, Donald W. Sparling

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Since 1995 when a group of school children in Minnesota found frogs with supernumerary limbs and missing limbs, there has been widespread interest in the amphibian malformation issue. Despite considerable effort to understand this problem, its extent and seriousness as well as direct causes of these malformations remain unclear. Progress on this issue has been hampered by a scarcity of scientifically reliable information on historical rates of abnormalities under undisturbed conditions and by the normal turnaround times of data collection, sample analysis and publication. One of the very few peer-reviewed publications with field-collected data showed that an average of 12% …

Field Investigations Of Malformed Frogs In Minnesota 1993-97, Judy C. Helgen, Mark C. Gernes, Susan M. Kersten, Joel W. Chirhart, Jeff T. Canfield, Dorothy Bowers, Jon Haferman, Robert G. Mckinnell, David M. Hoppe

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Reports of malformed frogs were made to the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) from different parts of Minnesota in 1993, 1995, 1996, and 1997 and one, nine, 190, and 172 reports were received, respectively. MPCA field crews and Drs. Hoppe and McKinnell documented malformed frog locations starting in 1993. By 1997, MPCA field crews documented malformed frogs at 62 locations in Minnesota, in 29 of 87 counties. Most malformations were in young metamorphs of Rana pipiens but they were observed also in R. clamitans, R. septentrionalis, R. sylvatica, Bufo americanus, and Hyla spp. Frequencies of malformations varied by time of …

Revitalization Of Ephemeral Pools As Frog Breeding Habitat In An Illinois Forest Preserve, Denins Nyberg, Irene Lerner

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Almost all land in the eastern United States that has been acquired to preserve nature was once in agricultural usage, and because of this, alterations of ephemeral pool hydrology are common in forest preserves and parks. These ephemeral pools are an important breeding resource for many amphibian species. We hypothesized that filling drainage ditches and recreating a more natural topography at eroded berms would enhance amphibian populations in the forest preserve. Restoration of the hydrology was begun by volunteers in 1993 and was associated with management to reduce non-native woody vegetation. Three ephemeral pools have had maximum water levels raised …

Amphibian And Reptile Surveys In The Kaskaskia River Drainage Of Illinois During 1997 And 1998, Allan K. Wilson

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Currently there is little doubt among the scientific community of the decline of amphibians on an international scale (Berger et al. 1998, Kuzmin 1994, Laurance et al. 1996, Lips 1998) and across North America (Delis et al. 1996, Drost and Fellers 1996, Lannoo 1994). In light of these widespread declines it is essential that current populations be inventoried and evaluated so that future population changes can be detected and hopefully correlated with possible causes. Critical baseline information is lost when monitoring is not implemented until after a problem is detected. The effectiveness of long-term studies in detecting amphibian declines (Beebee …

Index For Volume 107

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Community-University Partnerships: Policy And Legacy, Vivian Reznick, Hilary Hahn, Elizabeth Morris, Sandra Daley

California Western Law Review

No abstract provided.

Graduate Record 2000: The Future Is Now., Southwestern Oklahoma State University

SWOSU Yearbooks

We waited for the world to end… It didn't happen. We watched the skies for catastrophic or miraculous events. The sky was empty. As the clock struck midnight on December 31, 1999, we were ready for whatever the world was going to throw our way. And the world balked. After months, even years, of weathering predictions of disaster and chaos descending with the advent of Year 2000, we got nothing. The worried analysts who said computers around the world would crash just looked like fools. The doomsday predictors didn't even have good excuses as to why nothing happened.

So we …

Proceedings Of The South Dakota Academy Of Science, 2000, Volume 79., South Dakota Academy Of Science

Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science

Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science, 2000, Volume 79.

The table of contents lists the consolidated minutes of the eighty-fifth annual meeting of the South Dakota Academy of Science, senior research papers, abstracts of senior research papers, and abstracts of invited symposium papers.

The presidential address titled Understanding Change was given by Lenore Koczon.

The following senior research papers were presented at the eighty-fifth annual meeting held on April 28, 2000: Angler Opinions Regarding Fishing Success and Crappie Regulations in a Small South Dakota Impoundment by Timothy J. Bister, Bradley M. Baker, and David W. Willis; Biological Control …

Supreme Court Voting Behavior: 1998 Term, Richard G. Wilkins, Scott Worthington, R. Chad Hales, Rachelle Fleming

UC Law Constitutional Quarterly

This Article, the fourteenth in a series, tabulates and analyzes the voting behavior of the United States Supreme Court. This particular study examines the Court's voting behavior during the 1998 Term. The Article attempts to determine whether individual Justices and the Court as a whole are voting more "conservatively," more "liberally," or about the same as compared with past terms.

Whether a vote is considered "conservative" or "liberal" depends upon the issues being decided. Generally, votes favoring the assertion of governmental power are "conservative," while those favoring claims of individual liberty are considered "liberal." The issues are categorized into ten …

Volume 15, No. 1

Thinking: The Journal of Philosophy for Children

Cam, Philip. “Philosophy and Freedom.” 10-­13.

Christie, Juliette. “Introduction of Philosophy for Children into the Montessori Curriculum.” 22­-29.

Daniel, Marie­-France, Louise Lafortune, Richard Pallascio and Michael Schleifer. “The Developmental Dynamics of a Community of Philosophical Inquiry in an Elementary School Mathematics Classroom.” 2-­9.

Gazzard, Ann. “What does Philosophy for Children have to do with Emotional Intelligence?” 39­-45.

Gratton, Claude. “Precision, Consistency, Implication and Inference.” 30­-37.

Matthews, Gareth B. “Thinking in Stories: Shrek! by William Steig.” 1. ­­­­­

----- "Creativity in the Philosophical Thinking of Children.” 14-­19

Mowing, Dethatching, Coring, And Rolling Kentucky Lawns, A. J. Powell Jr.

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Good lawn care takes more than just mowing and chemical treatments. To develop quality turf, you need correct mowing techniques and may occasionally need to dethatch, core, or roll your lawn.

Improving Turf Through Renovation, A. J. Powell Jr.

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Turf generally can be improved through proper mowing, fertilizing, watering, and pest control applications. With some turf problems, however, the only solution is re-establishment, using one of two methods:

• The conventional method, which involves destroying the sod, tilling the soil, and replanting.
• Renovation, which involves replanting without completely tilling the soil and often without destroying all existing vegetation.

Advantages of conventional tillage over renovation:

• Control of weeds and undesirable grass may be more complete.
• Surface depressions or humps can be removed, resulting in a smoother soil surface.
• Large quantities of organic matter or sand can be mixed into the surface …

Turf Care Calendar For Kentucky Bluegrass, Tall Fescue, And Perennial Ryegrass Turf, A. J. Powell

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

No abstract provided.

Cache Optimization For Structured And Unstructured Grid Multigrid, Craig C. Douglas, Jonathan Hu, Markus Kowarschik, Ulrich Rüde, Christian Weiss

Center for Computational Sciences Faculty Publications

Many current computer designs employ caches and a hierarchical memory architecture. The speed of a code depends on how well the cache structure is exploited. The number of cache misses provides a better measure for comparing algorithms than the number of multiplies.

In this paper, suitable blocking strategies for both structured and unstructured grids will be introduced. They improve the cache usage without changing the underlying algorithm. In particular, bitwise compatibility is guaranteed between the standard and the high performance implementations of the algorithms. This is illustrated by comparisons for various multigrid algorithms on a selection of different computers for …

Anticipating Technology: A Statute Bytes The Dust In Recording Industry Ass'n Of America V. Diamond Multimedia Systems, Inc., Stephanie Skasko Rosenberg

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

The Digital Divide: Some Reflections, Stephen Paul Foster Ph.D.

University Libraries' Staff Publications

One of the many remarkable impacts of the Internet on our social lives has been its shaping of our language. A spontaneously evolving Internet-argot has relentlessly and conspicuously intruded itself into everyday life. The activities and circumstances of a people "on-line" are now described by an array of powerful and colorful metaphors that capture the spirit of a new, robust technology. We find ourselves often conversing casually and unselfconsciously in an idiom that would have been incomprehensible only a few short years ago. We do, indeed, talk differently now.

One Internet-spawned expression that seems to have achieved common linguistic currency …

Community, Winter 2000, Office Of Communications And Marketing, Wright State University

Community

Thirty-six page issue of Community which was published periodically from 1996 through 2011. The magazine focused on news and events at Wright State University relating to faculty, staff, alumni, and friends of the university.

Analysis Of Selected Herbicide Metabolites In Surface And Ground Water Of The United States, Elisabeth A. Scribner, E. M. Thurman, Lisa R. Zimmerman

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

One of the primary goals of the US Geological Survey (USGS) Laboratory in Lawrence, Kansas, is to develop analytical methods for the analysis of herbicide metabolites in surface and ground water that are vital to the study of herbicide fate and degradation pathways in the environment. Methods to measure metabolite concentrations from three major classes of herbicides ─ triazine, chloroacetanilide and phenyl-urea ─ have been developed. Methods for triazine metabolite detection cover nine compounds: six compounds are detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry; one is detected by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection; and eight are detected by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. …

Smart Card Systems: Development Of A Paradigm For A University-Wide Smart Card Student Identification System, Joanne M. Marlowe

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

College and university campuses present an ideal environment for smart card systems and offer one of the best opportunities for the early adoption of smart card technology in the United States. This study investigated the design, development, and implementation of a smart card system in the university environment, specifically Nova Southeastern University. Additionally, this dissertation investigation developed a paradigm for a university-wide smart card student identification system capable of providing multiple applications such as portable identity, secure access, and electronic purse function. This dissertation investigation employed a Modern Systems Development Life Cycle (MSDLC) methodology along with a case study strategy. …

Bachelor Of Science In Psychology, Nova Southeastern University

CPS Undergraduate Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Fetal Pig: The High School Dissection Experience, Gracia Barr, Harold A. Herzog

Education Collection

Using qualitative methods, we observed a series of fetal pig dissection sessions in a high school biology course and interviewed 17 students in the class. The students' responses to dissection varied considerably. Most felt that dissection was a positive experience, but a substantial minority viewed it primarily in negative terms. Almost all the students had some ambivalence about aspects of the fetal pig lab and believed that alternatives should be provided for students who object to the practice. We argue that dissection remains a viable educational tool but should be an optional rather than compulsory component of the curriculum.

Cover - Table Of Contents

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Cover - Table Of Contents

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Statement Of The Position Of The Iowa Academy Of Science On The Validity Of Evolutionary Science And On The Status Of Creationism As A Scientific Explanation Of Natural Phenomena

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Current attempts to introduce "scientific creationism", "creationism", or the Judeo-Christian biblical account of creation, as well as to reframe the discussion around terms such as "abrupt appearance theory", "intelligent design theory", or other disguised forms of creationism into the science classroom along with or instead of evolutionary science are strongly opposed by The Iowa Academy of Science on the grounds that creationism, in whatever form, is a religious doctrine and not science.

Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Cover - Investigating Amphibian Declines: Proceedings Of The 1998 Declining Amphibians Conference

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Interactive Effects Of Anthropogenic, Environmental, And Biotic Stressors On Multiple Endpoints In Hyla Chrysoscelis, Carol A. Britson, Stephen T. Threlkeld

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Multiple stressors have been proposed as causative agents for declining populations and increased incidence of malformations in amphibians although few studies have examined possible interactions among these stressors. We measured interactive effects of UV radiation, three chemicals, and interspecific competition (with Rana 1phenocephala) on multiple endpoints in Hyla chrysoscelis using a center point- and chemical-free control-enhanced 2⁴ factorial design. UV radiation was transmitted or filtered using OP-4 or OP-3 acrylite filters installed above 72, 500-liter mesocosms on 16 May 1997. Methyl mercury, chlorpyrifos, and atrazine were applied at levels of 0, 10, 50, and 100 % of 400 ppb, …

Defining Anuran Malformations In The Context Of A Developmental Problem, Carol U. Meteyer, Rebecca A. Cole, Kathryn A. Converse, Douglas E. Docherty, Mark Wolcott, Judy C. Helgen, Richard Levey, Laura Eaton-Poole, James G. Burkhart

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

This paper summarizes terminology and general concepts involved in animal development for the purpose of providing background for the study and understanding of frog malformations. The results of our radiographic investigation of rear limb malformations in Rana pipiens provide evidence that frog malformations are the product of early developmental errors. Although bacteria, parasites and viruses were identified in these metamorphosed frogs, the relevant window to look for the teratogenic affect of these agents is in the early tadpole stage during limb development. As a result, our microbiological findings must be regarded as inconclusive relative to determining their contribution to malformations …

A Relationship Between Trematode Metacercariae And Bullfrog Limb Abnormalities, James L. Christiansen, Heather Feltman

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

This study is the first report of statistically significant relationships between limb abnormalities and trematode metacercariae in natural populations of frogs. We examined only parasite associations and did not investigate numerous potential pollutants that have been suggested by others to be associated with frog limb abnormalities. Rana catesbeiana of varying ages with a variety of limb abnormalities were found during the flood of 1993. By June 1994, the receding flood waters had left four pools, each with newly metamorphosing bullfrogs. Only one of the pools contained abnormal individuals and histological examination revealed significantly greater prevalence of trematode metacercarial infection in …