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1999

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The Relative Importance Of Barriers To Cervical Cancer Screening In Older Women : A Review Of 140 Women And Their Pap Smear Providers, Nerida Beaumont Jan 1999

The Relative Importance Of Barriers To Cervical Cancer Screening In Older Women : A Review Of 140 Women And Their Pap Smear Providers, Nerida Beaumont

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Cervical cancer remains a significant cause of death in women. There is a notable age related decrease in levels of screening and women aged over 50 years with later, more invasive disease. One hundred and forty women aged between 50 and 69 years (M "'58.21 years) and 23 Pap smear providers completed a Cervical Cancer Screening Questionnaire designed to identify the relative importance of barriers to attendance for cervical screening, as well as providers own barriers and issues. Responsibility for health, familiarity with, and ratings of the usefulness of Pap smears were the major dimensions along which regular and non-regular …

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Centred Voices : A Study Of The Lived Experience Of Women's Health Centre Coordinators, Jodie L. Moyle Jan 1999

Centred Voices : A Study Of The Lived Experience Of Women's Health Centre Coordinators, Jodie L. Moyle

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The purpose of this phenomenological study is to explore and describe the lived experience of women's health centre coordinators. In addition to the intrinsic value of telling these women's stories, this research provides data which can he used to strengthen the economic, political, organisational and social position of women’s health centres and the women who work in them. Four women managers from regional urban women's health centres in Australia were interviewed about their subjective experiences with respect to their current working roles. Interviews were audio taped, transcribed and coded to produce themes and to preserve anonymity. Data was analysed using …

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The Effect Of Nursing Interventions On Thermoregulation And Neuromotor Function In Very Low Birthweight Infants, Leanne Monterosso Jan 1999

The Effect Of Nursing Interventions On Thermoregulation And Neuromotor Function In Very Low Birthweight Infants, Leanne Monterosso

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The prone position is used routinely in neonatal intensive care units worldwide in the nursing of preterm infants because of reported beneficial psychological effects This position can, however, lead to development of flattened posture very low birthweight (VLBW) infants and contributes to both short and longer term implications for functional motor development of upper and lower extremities. To date limited research has been undertaken to investigate methods of reducing flattened posture and its related negative outcomes temperature instability is also a problem for VLBW infants and no nappy exists that meets postural size and thermoregulation requirements. The purpose of this …

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The Art Of Healing : A Journey Through Cancer : Implications For Art Therapy, Carmen Zammit Jan 1999

The Art Of Healing : A Journey Through Cancer : Implications For Art Therapy, Carmen Zammit

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This thesis is designed to investigate how art assisted in the healing process of a person suffering from a life threatening illness. The research method used is a clinical case study. This study is a form of evaluative research, a systematic data-based inquiry concerning the participant's engagement with art in her healing process, a process which unfolds as being both life affirming and spiritually enriching. This case study takes a qualitative approach, with its emphasis on the participant's own account of her behaviour. The participant is a fifty-three year old woman, a psychiatrist and psychotherapist, who was diagnosed with multiple …

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A Revision Of The World Health Organisation Psychiatric Disability Assessment Schedule, Daniel Rock Jan 1999

A Revision Of The World Health Organisation Psychiatric Disability Assessment Schedule, Daniel Rock

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The burden schizophrenia places on the individual, on the family and on society in general is determined more by the associated disability rather than the manifest symptoms. Therefore, measurement of disability provides a baseline for evaluating change and directing treatment. This research has two main aims. The primary purpose of this study was to develop and validate a contemporary revision of the World Health Organisation-Psychiatric Disability Assessment Schedule (1988). Data used was based on data from the WHO Collaborative Study on Determinants of Outcome of Severe Mental Disorders (Sartorius et al., 1986). The second aim of this study was to …

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Surviving Sexually Oriented Bias Incidents: The Experiences Of Homosexually Active Men, Christopher Churchouse Jan 1999

Surviving Sexually Oriented Bias Incidents: The Experiences Of Homosexually Active Men, Christopher Churchouse

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Discrimination, persecution, violence and harassment of certain groups are not a new phenomenon. Legend has described the formation of groups who have been known to persecute others, such as Jews, blacks, religious orders, as a means of protecting the dominant views of society. Homosexually active men have been reported as being one such group that has been persecuted over time due exclusively to their sexual orientation. The purpose of this structured, descriptive study, was to describe the experience of what it feels like to be violated, harassed, persecuted or discriminated against due to sexual orientation, as well as to seek …

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Affect Intensity And Affect Regulation In Prisoners With A History Of Self-Harm, Christina J. Kozar Jan 1999

Affect Intensity And Affect Regulation In Prisoners With A History Of Self-Harm, Christina J. Kozar

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Prisoners with a history of self-harm have reported experiencing more anger (e.g., Hilbrand, Krystal, Sharpe, & Foster, 1994 ), and despair (e.g., Shea, 1993 ), and less ability to cope (e.g., Shea, 1993; Liebling, 1992) than prisoners with no history of self-harm. This suggests that intense negative affective experiences and less control over these states might be pervasive characteristics in individuals vulnerable to self-harm. The present study tested the hypotheses that high affect intensity, the tendency to experience both positive and negative emotional states intensely (Larsen & Diener, 1987), and deficits in negative affect regulation would be associated with self-harm …

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Specific Domains Of Self-Esteem In Adolescents : Differences Between Suicide Ideated, Depressed And Non-Depressed Samples, Wendy J. Nicholls Jan 1999

Specific Domains Of Self-Esteem In Adolescents : Differences Between Suicide Ideated, Depressed And Non-Depressed Samples, Wendy J. Nicholls

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

A 1997 West Australian Child Health Survey (Zubrick et al., 1997) highlighted the need to explore issues regarding problems leading to emotional distress in adolescents. Adolescent self-esteem and suicidal ideation emerged as issues that required further research. The need to understand adolescent issues from a developmental perspective was also evident, due to the difficulties teenagers typically face during their adolescent years. This study builds on previous research by S. Harter and her colleagues, which identified different domains of self-esteem in young adolescents from a general population. Domains of self-esteem according to Harter's Self perception Profile for Adolescents (1988) and Social …

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Colour Perception: A Phenomenological Study Into People's Spontaneous Physical, Psychological, Emotional And Spiritual Reactions, Through Experiential Use, To Colour, Nicolette Smith Jan 1999

Colour Perception: A Phenomenological Study Into People's Spontaneous Physical, Psychological, Emotional And Spiritual Reactions, Through Experiential Use, To Colour, Nicolette Smith

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The predominance of colour as a therapy is becoming more apparent in our culture at present. It is a well-known fact, which has been thoroughly documented, that colour affects our senses in many ways and on many levels. Colour is considered to possess a healing element. A phenomenological study will be conducted to investigate people's spontaneous physical, psychological, emotional, and spiritual reactions to colour. This will be explored through the experiential use of colour by the participants. The use of a pre-test questionnaire, post-test questionnaires, observation and de-briefing will be the main research instruments. A pilot study will be used …

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Notions Of Justice Through Drama, Elvira Sammut Jan 1999

Notions Of Justice Through Drama, Elvira Sammut

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This paper explores and describes the lived-experience of a group of 16-year-old girls in a drama class designed to heighten awareness of values of social justice. The students involved are experienced drama students, with a good knowledge of the theory of role-play and play-making, as well as, sound dramatic skills and techniques. The lived-experience provided the source for the research study that used film as a medium to inculcate notions of justice and equity in the classroom through self-devised drama. Phenomenological research was conducted with a group of seventeen Year II drama students. The students took part in a series …

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Self-Efficacy And Depression In Older Adults: Differences Between Volunteers And Non-Volunteers, Anita Govindan Jan 1999

Self-Efficacy And Depression In Older Adults: Differences Between Volunteers And Non-Volunteers, Anita Govindan

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Volunteering has been found to play an important role in the lives of older adults. The general beneficial effects of volunteering have been widely established. However an investigation on the specific effect volunteering can have on older adults' perceptions of their abilities has yet to be established. It is important to investigate whether volunteering in later life is positively associated with one's perception of oneself or one's self-efficacy. Individuals with high levels of self-efficacy tend to believe they are more capable of handling stressful situations and are less likely to feel helpless and dependent and thus feel more confident of …

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The Development And Preliminary Evaluation Of A Self-Administered Screening Instrument For First Rank Symptoms And Basic Symptoms In Psychotic And Non Psychotic Disorders, Borghild Bo Jan 1999

The Development And Preliminary Evaluation Of A Self-Administered Screening Instrument For First Rank Symptoms And Basic Symptoms In Psychotic And Non Psychotic Disorders, Borghild Bo

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The assessment of psychopathology is fundamental to clinical psychiatry. Schneider's (1959) First Rank Symptoms (FRS) are an integral part of numerous diagnostic criteria and Huber's Basic Symptoms (BS) are thought to form the basis of the FRS (Huber & Gross, 1989). The aim of the current study was to develop and evaluate a self-administered screening instrument to detect FRS and BS in clinical populations. A three stage design was used to achieve this. Stage one included the development of items and stage two was concerned with item analysis. Stage three comprised a pilot study in which a number of hypotheses …

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University Preference : A Conjoint Analysis, Julia P. Turner Jan 1999

University Preference : A Conjoint Analysis, Julia P. Turner

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The business of tertiary education has become more and more competitive in recent years due to reductions in government funding and higher study fees. As the nature of the environment grows more competitive the role of marketing, previously non-existent in most universities, has grown significantly. One of the key pieces of information that would assist the marketing effort of any university is an understanding of what determines university preference. This study examines university preference in Western Australia. A form of conjoint analysis, known as Adaptive Conjoint Analysis (ACA), was used to investigate the relative importance of a number of attributes …

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Chinese And Australian Conversational Styles: A Comparative Sociolinguistic Study Of Overlap And Listener Response, Xudong Deng Jan 1999

Chinese And Australian Conversational Styles: A Comparative Sociolinguistic Study Of Overlap And Listener Response, Xudong Deng

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This study compares the use of overlap and listener response by Chinese and Australian speakers in their respective intracultural conversations, that is, in conversations between Chinese interlocutors in Mandarin Chinese and between Australians in Australian English. The main purpose of this study is to locate similarities and differences between these two groups of speakers in their use of the two conversational strategies. Another major theme of the thesis is to examine the role of gender in the use of overlap and listener response in conversations of the two languages. The study is based upon the theoretical premise of interactional sociolinguistics …

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Confrontation And Identity In The Fiction Of J.M. Coetzee, Dawn Grieve Jan 1999

Confrontation And Identity In The Fiction Of J.M. Coetzee, Dawn Grieve

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This thesis is an examination of the fictional works of J.M. Coetzee to date. By focusing my gaze upon either the lack of encounter or the encounters between the 'Self' and the 'Other', I explore the relationship between confrontation and the fluid formation and erosion of identity. This exploration takes place against a dual background: the history of the apartheid government in South Africa, the legacy of oppression and the post-apartheid opportunities and challenges; and Coetzee's own acknowledgement of complicity with the past and commitment to a reconciled future. This study not only examines a broad range of criticism on …

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Factors That Malawian Adolescents From Co-Educational Secondary Schools Of Lilongwe And Mchinji Identity As Affecting Their Ability To Discuss Sexual Issues, Susan K. Geloo Jan 1999

Factors That Malawian Adolescents From Co-Educational Secondary Schools Of Lilongwe And Mchinji Identity As Affecting Their Ability To Discuss Sexual Issues, Susan K. Geloo

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The purpose of this study was to explore the factors Malawian adolescents from co-educational secondary schools identified as affecting their ability to discuss sexual issues. A sample of 149 adolescent students from the coeducational secondary schools of Lilongwe and Mchinji districts was surveyed. Their ages ranged from 14-18 years of age. The schools and participants were chosen using cluster-sampling and data were obtained via a questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised of demographic variables, sources of sexual information, participant's sexual life, the sexual issues participants consider important and their ability to communicate sexual issues comfortably with different community members. Data were analysed …

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Effects Of Joint Trials On The Proportion Of Guilty Verdicts Assigned To Defendants, Stacy Lyn Gall Jan 1999

Effects Of Joint Trials On The Proportion Of Guilty Verdicts Assigned To Defendants, Stacy Lyn Gall

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

When two or more people are alleged to have committed a crime together they are automatically tried together in a joint trial. Defendants can apply to have a joint trial severed into separate trials, but they are rarely granted. However, joint trials might be biasing against defendants in that they might have a greater likelihood of obtaining aguilty verdict than if they had separate trials. A review of the literature indicated that authors have several hypotheses why joint trials might be biasing, though there is no conclusive evidence that this is the case. This study used a mock juror paradigm …

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Psychological Assessment For The Courts : A Survey Of Psychologists, Mary-Anne Martin Jan 1999

Psychological Assessment For The Courts : A Survey Of Psychologists, Mary-Anne Martin

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The literature relevant to legal standards in criminal, family, and civil settings in relation to psychological assessments for the courts is reviewed. Although over the past twenty years, a number of specialised forensic instruments have been developed for use in forensic settings, it appears that they are infrequently used. Surveys of test use patterns reveal that psychological test use in forensic settings is virtually identical to that in clinical settings, despite the different nature of the referral questions. The debate about the use of psychological tests in forensic assessments, and research on the use of tests in these assessments is …

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The Effects Of Budget Emphasis, Budgetary Participation, Trust And Organisational Commitment On Job Related Tension And Propensity To Create Slack : Empirical Evidence From Norway, Christin S. Buckland Jan 1999

The Effects Of Budget Emphasis, Budgetary Participation, Trust And Organisational Commitment On Job Related Tension And Propensity To Create Slack : Empirical Evidence From Norway, Christin S. Buckland

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Results of early studies (eg. Hopwood, 1972; Otley, 1978) on the effects of supervisory styles on subordinates’ job related tension have been contradictory. Subsequent studies using the contingency model to resolve these conflicting results have identified budgetary participation (Brownell, 1982a) and trust (Ross, 1994) as important moderating variables. With respect to participation, a number of prior studies found that a compatible combination of high budget emphasis and high participation was associated with better behavioural outcomes (eg. lower job related tension), than other combinations of budget emphasis and participation. Yet there has been relatively little research to investigate why this particular …

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Barbadian Teachers' Personal Practical Knowledge About Advocated Pedagogic Practices Used In The Education Of The Under-Fives, Sonja M. Anderson Jan 1999

Barbadian Teachers' Personal Practical Knowledge About Advocated Pedagogic Practices Used In The Education Of The Under-Fives, Sonja M. Anderson

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This study investigated the personal practical knowledge of twenty-one Barbadian teachers in relation to a range of pedagogic practices advocated for use in the education of children under five years of age. The investigation of this knowledge was based on an interpretative perspective. The conceptual underpinning was framed by Personal Construct Psychology (Kelly, 1995), and its methodology, the repertory grid technique. The grid was formulated and used in a sample of schools with under-fives. Findings were clarified, confirmed and elaborated by the use of in-depth interviews conducted with teachers in their classroom settings. The findings revealed that teachers construed pedagogic …

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Active Imagination And Christian Religious Experience: A Study In Relationship, George E. Trippe Jan 1999

Active Imagination And Christian Religious Experience: A Study In Relationship, George E. Trippe

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The focus of this study is the relationship between Carl Jung's practice of active imagination and Christian religious experience. The research is qualitative, using the heuristic research method as developed by Clark Moustakas. The experience of active imagination is defined and the practice is explained. Consideration is given to its values and benefits. In the heuristic style, the research focusses on the active imagination work of the researcher and four research participants. The active imagination case material of the five participants is summarised and depictions of their material are included which identify the nature, essence, and meaning of their experiences. …

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The Psychological Impact Of Long-Term Unemployment In Mature-Aged Men : Volunteer Work As A Moderating Variable, Ming Yeu Jan 1999

The Psychological Impact Of Long-Term Unemployment In Mature-Aged Men : Volunteer Work As A Moderating Variable, Ming Yeu

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Previous research has recognised the negative psychological distress associated with unemployment for older workers aged over 40 years, as they are considered to be more at risk of being unemployed for a longer duration than other age groups. Several moderating variables of the negative effects of unemployment such as age, length of unemployment and leisure participation have also been identified. In examining the experiences of unemployment with an Australian mature-aged group of men, this study also investigated the potential moderating effect of volunteer work participation that had been noted previously but had never been explored. One-hundred and eighteen men aged …

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The Literacy-Related Knowledge Of The Children In Two Western Australian Preprimary Centres And The Literacy-Related Practices In Their Homes, Susan M. Beilharz Jan 1999

The Literacy-Related Knowledge Of The Children In Two Western Australian Preprimary Centres And The Literacy-Related Practices In Their Homes, Susan M. Beilharz

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This study investigates both the literacy-related knowledge of two groups of children beginning their preprimary education and the literacy-related practices identified by their parents as taking place in their homes. The two groups of children were attending preprimary centres located in different suburbs of Perth; one was in a low socio-economic status northern suburb and the other was in a high socio-economic status inner metropolitan suburb. The results of a questionnaire about family literacy practices showed that there was a wide range of literacy-related practices and materials available in the majority of the households involved in the study. The results …

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Refugee Settlement: Acculturation, Ethnic Identity, Ethnicity And Social Network Development, Monique Keel Jan 1999

Refugee Settlement: Acculturation, Ethnic Identity, Ethnicity And Social Network Development, Monique Keel

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Refugees arriving in Australia undergo a number of settlement processes including adaptation and acculturation, social support and network development, and an exploration of their ethnic identity. This research examines the settlement processes of mixed marriage refugees from what was Yugoslavia who arrived in Perth, Western Australia in the early to mid 1990's. A mixed marriage is one where the couple are from different ethnic backgrounds. This research has two main aims. The first aim is to examine the processes of acculturation and adaptation, the development of social support networks, and ethnic identity, within the refugees. These processes provide a framework …

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Burnout Among Western Australian Psychologists : Exploring Issues Within Forensic Psychology As Potential Predictors, Claire L. Lynn Jan 1999

Burnout Among Western Australian Psychologists : Exploring Issues Within Forensic Psychology As Potential Predictors, Claire L. Lynn

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The level of burnout among a sample of Western Australian psychologists and a comparison of scores to the American normative sample of mental health workers was investigated. The study was also particularly interested to explore whether issues pertinent to the forensic psychologist were predictive of burnout. Burnout was measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which comprises three components: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low personal accomplishment The study explored whether characteristics in relation to the psychologist, the client and the workplace had predictive value for the level of burnout. Variables considered across these characteristics were age and gender, client problem …

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Teaching And Learning In Higher Education : Nurturing Critical Reflection For Bridging Theory/Practice Links : A Case Study In Social Work Education, Gary Keith Ovington Jan 1999

Teaching And Learning In Higher Education : Nurturing Critical Reflection For Bridging Theory/Practice Links : A Case Study In Social Work Education, Gary Keith Ovington

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The 1990s has witnessed two 'institutions' in 'crisis': higher education and social work. In higher education. government has brandished its quality sword and the long-neglected area of teaching is prominent in the war cry. In social work, major stakeholders have constructed the crisis as the 'theory/practice problematic' and the systemic intervention has been the prima facie increasing power of non-academic bodies to shape social work curriculum. This study is set within this context of quality teaching and theory/practice issues. It is an action research study of the teaching and learning dynamic of a first year social work subject which seeks …

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Grading Policy And Student Retention, Ralph R. Behnke, Chris R. Sawyer, Paul E. King Jan 1999

Grading Policy And Student Retention, Ralph R. Behnke, Chris R. Sawyer, Paul E. King

Journal of the Association for Communication Administration

This article discuses two policies that work at cross purposes to one another which university administrators and faculty works collaboratively with. Schools are actively resisting grade inflation trends while at the same time seeking to retain students. The article describes the borderline student, a category of at risk student often overlooked, yet numerous. It is found that academic performance was the highest ranked risk factor, accounting for approximately 20% of the variance, while behavior and coping skills was a distant second, accounting for only 6% of the risk factor variance. Borderline students can be efficiently rescued with modest outlays of …

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Award Winning Communication Programs: Centrality Or Confusion?, Mary E. Beadle, Jacqueline J. Schmidt Jan 1999

Award Winning Communication Programs: Centrality Or Confusion?, Mary E. Beadle, Jacqueline J. Schmidt

Journal of the Association for Communication Administration

This article analyzes award winning communication programs. The winners of the Small College Interest Group's Programs of Excellence Award provide directions for achieving centrality and the goals outlined by the National Communication Association Task Force on Advancing the Discipline. They have similar names, degrees and locations within their institutions and they favor a holistic department and curricula that are interdisciplinary with strong department anchors. Most have assessment programs in place to maintain this quality. In most cases, they have identified themselves with the mission of their institution through courses and goals. These programs can provide some guidelines for departments in …

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Critiques Of Gatekeeping In Scholarly Journals: An Analysis Of Perceptions And Data, Jean Bodon, Larry Powell, Mark Hickson Iii Jan 1999

Critiques Of Gatekeeping In Scholarly Journals: An Analysis Of Perceptions And Data, Jean Bodon, Larry Powell, Mark Hickson Iii

Journal of the Association for Communication Administration

This article analyzes criticisms on the nature and functioning of the editorial boards of communication journals. There are certain elements in the pattern among the critics of journal articles and the journal publishing process. First, they tend to distort what was written in the original article by changing the words, concepts, or ideas. Second, they redefine the parameters of the study they are critiquing. Third, there is sometimes an element of hypocrisy in the critics' attack. However, from the analysis it would appear that editors attempt to maintain balance considering experience in publishing, geographic and institutional affiliation, and gender.

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An Investigation Of Audience Receptiveness To Non-Native Teaching Assistants, Eunkyong Lee Yook Jan 1999

An Investigation Of Audience Receptiveness To Non-Native Teaching Assistants, Eunkyong Lee Yook

Journal of the Association for Communication Administration

This article examines the reliance of U.S. campuses on international teaching assistants (ITA) for staffing undergraduate course and the strategies that may affect ratings of their speaking competence. This increasing reliance has led to student complaints about incomprehensibility of ITA. This problem has been examined by looking through the eyes of the students, administrators and taxpayers. Therefore, the responsibility had been placed on the ITA, whose burden it was to learn the language and culture more fully. The goal of having ITA learn the language and culture better was eclipsing another important issue that needs consideration, the issue of teaching …

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