Digital Commons Network^™

Reinforce For Performance: The Need To Go Beyond Pay And Even Rewards, Fred Luthans, Alexander D. Stajkovic

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

Perhaps the most talked about, if not actually implemented. practical solution for making human resources more productive is pay for performance. Yet many researchers and practitioners doubt the true effectiveness of this approach. To help solve this controversy. we suggest drawing from reinforcement theory and behavioral management. This approach can be used to explain the simple statements: You get what you reinforce. but you do not necessarily get what you pay for. We first critically review the traditional pay for performance practices and address the question of whether rewards. not reinforcers. do more harm than good. Next, we discuss the …

Manuscripts And Markets: The Case And Cause Of Authors In Search Of Publishers, Russell J. Ganim

Department of Modern Languages and Literatures: Faculty Publications

In November 1996, the New Yorh Times ran a front page article dealing with the crisis in publishing monographs in the humanities. The piece opened with the experience of a young scholar in Oregon who had sent a book manuscript on Theodor Adorno to a major university press who refused to read it for reasons of "marketability" (Al). As the report continued, it outlined the economic and editorial reasons why many researchers in the humanities, especially at the beginning of their careers, encountered significant difficulty landing contracts at presses that would have published their work in the past. At the …

A Review Of Issues Pertaining To Transgenic Turfgrasses, Paul G. Johnson, Terrance P. Riordan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Recombinant DNA technology is a rapidly growing field in plant and animal breeding. This technology involves the transfer of pieces of DNA, or genes, regardless of the organisms involved or how they are related. Transformation procedures in plants were first developed for important crop and model plant systems. Although turfgrass management and production is one of the fastest growing areas of agriculture, genetic transformation of turfgrasses lags behind that of many other important crop plants. Turfgrasses are becoming more important primarily because of their association with the ever-increasing urban population. The size of the turfgrass seed market is second only …

The Certified Safe Farm Project In Nebraska: The First Year, Jerry Jaspersen, Susanna Von Essen, Pam List, Larry Howard, David Morgan

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Potentially preventable death, disabling injury, and serious illness are very common secondary to work in production agriculture in Nebraska and elsewhere. The traditional approach to farm safety has consisted largely of education designed to prevent traumatic injury. While education is of critical importance, additional incentives may be needed to reduce fatal and non-fatal events to an acceptable level. The Certified Safe Farm concept was developed in collaboration with two Nebraska health insurance companies. The program consists of combining an on-farm safety assessment and occupational health screening with an education program. The incentive to complete this program is to be eligible …

Nitrate Leaching In Irrigated Corn And Soybean In A Semi-Arid Climate, N. L. Klocke, Darrell G. Watts, J. P. Schneekloth, Don R. Davison, R. W. Todd, Anne M. Parkhurst

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Nitrate-nitrogen leached from the root zone of land in intensive corn production is a major groundwater contaminant in some of the intensively irrigated regions of the western Cornbelt, including central and western Nebraska. To obtain a clearer understanding of the amount and timing of nitrate leaching losses from irrigated crops, 14 monolithic percolation lysimeters were installed in 1989-1990 in sprinkler irrigated plots at the University of Nebraska’s West Central Research and Extension Center near North Platte, Nebraska. The lysimeters were used to provide a direct measure of leachate depth from continuous corn and a corn-soybean rotation. Both cropping systems were …

Searching Image In Blue Jays: Facilitation And Interference In Sequential Priming, Alan B. Bond, Alan C. Kamil

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

Repeated exposure to a single target type (sequential priming) during visual search for multiple cryptic targets commonly improves performance on subsequent presentations of that target. It appears to be an attentional phenomenon, a component of the searching image effect. It has been argued, however, that if searching image is an attentional process, sequential priming should also interfere with performance on subsequent nonprimed targets, and such interference has never been unequivocally demonstrated. In blue jays (Cyanocitta cristata) searching in an operant apparatus for targets derived from images of cryptic moths, detection performance was strongly facilitated in the course of …

Early And Late Endosomal Compartments Of Entamoeba Histolytica Are Enriched In Cysteine Proteases, Acid Phosphatase And Several Ras-Related Rab Gtpases, Lesly A. Temesvari, Ed Harris, Samuel L. Stanley Jr., James Cardelli

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Pure populations of early and late endosomes of Entamoeba histolytica were isolated by magnetic fractionation and characterized. It was shown that these vesicles were enriched in acid phosphatase and cysteine protease activities. An important virulence factor, a 27-kDa cysteine protease, was also enriched in early and late endosomes of E. histolytica. These data suggest that E. histolytica hydrolases reside in compartments that are part of or communicate with the endosomal pathway. To begin to identify the role of Rab GTPases in E. histolytica, an oligonucleotide approach was employed to screen an E. histolytica cDNA library for genes encoding …

Comparison Of Common Cytotypes Of Andropogon Gerardii (Andropogoneae, Poaceae), Kathleen H. Keeler, Geoffrey A. Davis

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Many plant species contain populations with more than one polyploid cytotype, but little is known of the mechanisms maintaining several cytotypes in a population. Andropogon gerardii cytotypes were compared to evaluate different models of autopolyploid cytotype coexistence. The enneaploid (90 chromosome, 9x) cytotype was found to be larger and taller than the hexaploid (60 chromosome, 6x) cytotype. Seed production is significantly more efficient in hexaploids, but seed production per area was not significantly different. The two cytotypes are not exomorphologically separable in the field because of great plasticity in response to environmental variation and wide variation …

Bacterial Growth State Distinguished By Single-Cell Protein Profiling: Does Chlorination Kill Coliforms In Municipal Effluent?, David Rockabrand, Teresa Austin, Robyn Kaiser, Paul H. Blum

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Municipal effluent is the largest reservoir of human enteric bacteria. Its public health significance, however,

depends upon the physiological status of the wastewater bacterial community. A novel immunofluorescence

assay was developed and used to examine the bacterial growth state during wastewater disinfection. Quantitative

levels of three highly conserved cytosolic proteins (DnaK, Dps, and Fis) were determined by using

enterobacterium-specific antibody fluorochrome-coupled probes. Enterobacterial Fis homologs were abundant

in growing cells and nearly undetectable in stationary-phase cells. In contrast, enterobacterial Dps homologs

were abundant in stationary-phase cells but virtually undetectable in growing cells. The range of variation in

the abundance of …

Female Responses To Isolated Signals From Multimodal Male Courtship Displays In The Wolf Spider Genus Schizocosa (Araneae: Lycosidae), Eileen Hebets, George W. Uetz

Eileen Hebets Publications

Male wolf spiders within the genus Schizocosa display considerable variation in foreleg ornamentation as well as in courtship communication. Multiple modes of male signaling have evolved in a number of species. Divergence in courtship signals among species within this genus may be directly associated with variation in the sensory sensitivities of conspecific females. We isolated the visual and vibratory courtship cues of four species of Schizocosa and recorded conspecific female receptivity to each isolated cue. We also examined female receptivity to complete multimodal courtship signals. We found that the sensory sensitivities of conspecific females were associated with the predominant modes …

Plant Hybrid Zones And Insect Host Range Expansion, Diana Pilson

Diana Pilson Publications

The hybrid bridge hypothesis suggests that plant hybrids ‘‘bridge’’ the genetic gap between actual and potential host species, and that, for this reason, herbivorous insects are more likely to evolve an expanded host range in the presence of hybrids. While intuitively appealing, the hypothesis has two implicit assumptions: that phenotypic gaps between potential hosts limit host range, and that characters controlling host use are additively inherited in plant hybrids. Evaluation of these assumptions suggests that operation of the hybrid bridge hypothesis is relatively uncommon. In addition, the hypothesis has not been well integrated into existing theoretical and empirical work on …

Absence Of Tuberculosis In Free-Ranging Deer In Nebraska, David J. Steffen, David W. Oates, Mauritz C. Sterner, Vickie L. Cooper

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Lymph nodes from 271 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in Nebraska (USA) were examined microscopically for tuberculoid lesions. Lymph nodes lesions in at least one node were found in 12 deer. Lesions were examined with Zeihl-Neelson acid fast stains and by polymerase chain reactions using M. bovis specific probes. No evidence of tuberculosis was found. The small granulomatous lesions were likely caused by other bacteria.

Meningeal Worm In Free-Ranging Deer In Nebraska, David W, Oates, Mauritz C. Sterner, David J. Steffen

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The meningeal worm (Parelaphostrongylus tenuis) was found in 22 (7%) of 300 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) (257 adults, 43 fawns) examined from Nebraska (USA) during November 1996. None of 53 mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) (47 adults and 6 fawns) examined were infected. Twenty-two white-tailed deer from 18 counties in eastern Nebraska were infected with Parelaphostrongylus tenuis. This is the first record of P. tenuis in white-tailed deer from this state.

Experimental Infections Of Muskoxen (Ovibos Moschatus) And Domestic Sheep With Umingmakstrongylus Pallikuukensis (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae): Parasite Development, Population Structure, And Pathology, Susan J. Kutz, Eric P. Hoberg, Lydden Polley

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Three captive muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) were successfully infected with third-stage larvae of Umingmakstrongylus pallikuukensis digested or emerged from the slugs Deroceras reticulatum and D. laeve, for the first time completing the life cycle of this parasite under experimental conditions. The course of parasite development and patency was followed for 26 months post infection (p.i.) using fecal examinations and radiography. The prepatent periods in two of the muskoxen were 91 and 95 days and the patent period in one extended for 23 months. Larval production peaked 13–14 months p.i. On postmortem of two of the muskoxen at months …

Scienceworks: A University-Based Science Outreach Group, Rochelle Payne Ondracek, Diandra Leslie-Pelecky

Diandra Leslie-Pelecky Publications

ScienceWorks is a science and engineering outreach group at the University of Nebraska- Lincoln, comprised of faculty, graduate students, undergraduates and community volunteers. We are brought together by one goal - to make science fun and accessible for everyone. ScienceWorks has developed over 30 modules that emphasize a range of scientific and engineering topics and guide the participants in discovery-based learning. Modules cover a wide variety of topics, including pressure, materials, electromagnetism, archaeology, DNA, optics and fracture. Most ScienceWorks modules involve hands-on activities. In Electromagnetism for example, students are asked to use a length of wire and a nail to …

Octamer-Based Genome Scanning Distinguishes A Unique Subpopulation Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Strains In Cattle, Jaehyoung Kim, Andrew K. Benson

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Multilocus-genotyping methods have shown that Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a geographically disseminated clone. However, highresolution methods such as pulse-field gel electrophoresis demonstrate significant genomic diversity among different isolates. To assess the genetic relationship of human and bovine isolates of E. coli O157:H7 in detail, we have developed an octamer-based genome-scanning methodology, which compares the distance between over-represented, strand-biased octamers that occur in the genome. Comparison of octamer-based genome-scanning products derived from >1 megabase of the genome demonstrated the existence of two distinct lineages of E. coli O157:H7 that are disseminated within the United States. Human and bovine isolates are nonrandomly …

Ontogenetic Shifts In Canion Attractiveness To Brown Tree Snakes (Boiga Irregularis), John A. Shivik, Larry Clark

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis) is a nocturnal, primarily arboreal, rear-fanged colubrid native to parts of Australasia (Savidge, 1987; Greene, 1989). Throughout their range, brown tree snakes eat a variety of prey including lizards, rats, and birds (Greene, 1989; Shine, 1991; Rodda, 1992; Rodda et al., in press). Brown tree snakes on Guam have a wide diet consisting mainly of lizards and lizard eggs, but a variety of other items were found in snake stomachs, including odd items such as cooked spareribs (Savidge, 1988). Savidge (1988) noted an ontogenetic shift in Guam brown tree snake diets; small …

Repellents To Reduce Cable Gnawing By Northern Pocket Gophers, Stephen A. Shumake, Ray T. Sterner, Stanley E. Gaddis

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

There is a continuing need to develop improved repellent formulations to protect buried cable installations from damage by problem wildlife. We evaluated 2.0% mass/mass levels of capsaicin and denatonium benzoate in a polybutene carrier material (Indopol®) and an aboveground, rodent-deer plastic mesh barrier (Vexar®) for reducing gnawing by northern pocket gophers (Thomomys talpoides) on communications cable (RG-8U). When treatments were applied as surface coatings, neither capsaicin nor denatonium samples were lower (P > 0.05) in measnres of cable damage compared to control (Indopol® alone) or samples treated with Vexar® plastic mesh. When the test was repeated with a new …

A Memorial For William V. Sliter, Robert G. Douglas, Jere H. Lipps, James C. Ingle Jr., John Barron

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

William V. (Bill) Sliter, an internationally known micropaleontologist and research geologist for the U.S. Geological Survey, passed away suddenly, October, 1997, while talking to a colleague in his office. In his honor, B. Huber, T. Bralower, and M. Leckie organized a keynote symposium ‘‘Paleoecological and Geochemical Signatures of Cretaceous Anoxic Events’’ at the 1998 annual meeting of the Geological Society of America in Toronto, Canada. This theme issue of the Journal of Foraminiferal Research contains the published papers from the symposium and is dedicated to his memory.

Aerodrome Bird Hazard Prevention: Case Study At John F. Kennedy International Airport, Richard A. Dolbeer

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The collision of birds with aircraft is a serious problem at John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFKIA), New York. Gulls (Larus spp.) accounted for 86% of bird strikes (an aircraft striking >1 bird) from 1988-1990, averaging 260 strikes/year. Laughing Gulls (L. atricilla) are present from May- September in association with a protected nesting colony in Jamaica Bay National Wildlife Refuge adjacent to the airport. The colony increased from 15 nests in 1979 to 7,629 nests in 1990. During the 1970s and 1980s, JFKIA implemented various management activities to reduce gull strikes, including maintenance of tall grass, improved sanitation, drainage of …

Development Of Tourism In Croatia As A New Tourist Destination Compared To Tourism Development In Select Post-Communist Countries, Nina Skuric

Theses

This study talks about the development of tourism in Croatia in the post-war period (1995 - 1999) compared to the development of tourism in the selected post-communist Eastern European countries of the Czech Republic and Hungary. In order to present this process, the study will analyze the present situation of tourism in Croatia, the Czech Republic and Hungary. Additionally, it will compare facts in order to analyze the gaps and give the recommendations. Furthermore, the study will review the historical conditions that caused the similar social development in all three indicated countries.

The Biotech Century (Book Review), Philip A. Reed

STEMPS Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Master's Programs In Mental Health Counseling And School Guidance And Counseling Policies And Procedures Handbook 1999-2000, Nova Southeastern University

College of Psychological Services / College of Psychology Postgraduate Student and Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Microscale Quantification Of The Absorption By Dissolved And Particulate Material In Coastal Waters With An Ac-9, Michael S. Twardowski, James M. Sullivan, Percy L. Donaghay, J. Ronald V. Zaneveld

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Measuring coastal and oceanic absorption coefficients of dissolved and particulate matter in the visible domain usually requires a methodology for amplifying the natural signal because conventional spectrophotometers lack the necessary sensitivity. The WET Labs ac-9 is a recently developed in situ absorption and attenuation meter with a precision better than ±0.001 m⁻¹ in the raw signal, which is sufficient to make these measurements in pristine samples. Whereas the superior sensitivity of the ac-9 has been well documented, the accuracy of in situ measurements for bio-optical applications has not been rigorously evaluated.

Obtaining accurate results with an ac-9 requires careful …

Courting Cyberspace, Al Harrison

Computer Law Review and Technology Journal

Having the ability to practice law in cyberspace has virtually metamorphosed the legal landscape into an amorphous mass. In this murky region, trying to apply well-established legal principles creates a colloidal covering of uncertainty. Besides compelling changes in the way legal services are delivered, this metamorphosis has introduced numerous practical and ethical concerns for lawyers and law firms. For example, consider the following questions:

• With whom are you communicating by sending e-mail?
• Are you inadvertently providing free legal advice to an unknown person in an unknown venue?
• Have you inadvertently established an attorney-client relationship?
• Are you licensed in the state …

Dna Database Searches And The Legal Consumption Of Scientific Evidence, Peter Donnelly, Richard D. Friedman

Articles

DNA evidence has transformed the proof of identity in criminal litigation, but it has also introduced daunting problems of statistical analysis into the process. In this Article, we analyze a problem related to DNA evidence that is likely to be of great and increasing significance in the near future. This is the problem of whether, and how, to present evidence that the suspect has been identified through a DNA database search. In our view, the two well-known reports on DNA evidence issued by the National Research Council ("NRC"), each of which has carried great authority with the American courts on …

Sticks And Stones, Phoebe C. Ellsworth

Articles

I believe that research should be refuted by research. More and more of our scarce journal space is being taken up by attacks, rebuttals, and rebuttals to the rebuttals, often ending with a whimper of recognition that the adversaries were not so very far apart to begin with, and that the only way (if possible) to resolve the disagreement is through empirical research. Communication of scientific disagreement does not require a published article. Grant proposals and manuscripts submitted to refereed journals like this one are sent out to reviewers, who provide written evaluations that are communicated to the author. Papers …

Capital Formation And The Internet: An Alternative Source Of Equity Financing For Small Businesses, Brandon W. Freeman

Computer Law Review and Technology Journal

Traditional methods of equity financing are unrealistically expensive for most small companies with capital needs. Under federal and state disclosure laws, start-up ventures must pay for printing a prospectus, advertising, and mailing, along with legal fees and other expenses, which are often beyond their means. But the Internet is expanding to enable small companies in their early growth stages to raise money from outside equity investors. By accommodating new technologies, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and state regulators have aided the Internet's expansion into equity financing.

In October 1995, through a Securities Act Release, the SEC endorsed and encouraged …

Saving Trees And Saving Time: Researching Environmental Law On The Internet, Jennifer Hodgkins

Computer Law Review and Technology Journal

Conducting research on environmental law typically involves using federal and state statutes, administrative regulations, caselaw, law reviews, journals, and other resources in highly technical and scientific areas. Many of these resources are now available on the Internet, enabling lawyers to take advantage of free and convenient access to information. This paper focuses on sites specifically pertaining to environmental law; it will not address more general sites that provide statutes, administrative regulations, and caselaw. Internet sites that may be useful to environmental lawyers are grouped into the following twelve categories:

(1) Federal Government Agencies (page 38)

(2) Texas Government Agencies (page …

Great Suffering, Great Compassion: A Transcultural Opportunity For School Nurses Caring For Cambodian Refugee Children, Teresa L. Tellep

Master's Projects

The unique cultural ways of Cambodian refugee families, combined with the physical and psychological health problems inherent in their refugee experience, present challenging and rewarding opportunities for school nurses to engage in the process of transcultural nursing. The authors discuss the profound and devastating impact of the refugee experience upon the mind, body, and spirit of Cambodian children. The purpose of this exploratory and descriptive study was to understand the nature and meaning of a school district's cross-cultural team's experiences of providing health care for Cambodian refugee children. Focus group interviews of school nurses and Cambodian liaisons were conducted, utilizing …