Digital Commons Network^™

Changes Over Twelve Years In Populations Of Glossina Pallidipes And Glossina Longipennis (Diptera: Glossinidae) Subject To Varying Trapping Pressure At Nguruman, South-West Kenya, R. Brightwell, R. D. Dransfield, P. Stevenson, B. Williams

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Long term changes in the size of populations of the tsetse Glossina pallidipes Austen and G. longipennis Corti Were monitored over a 12 year period at Nguruman in south-western Kenya. Tsetse populations were subject to droughts of varying intensity and, from 1987, to trapping, initially by a research organization, and later by a community-based development project. Populations were mainly sampled using odour-baited biconical traps, with data from other monitoring traps corrected accordingly. Mark-release-recapture studies were carried out to relate trap catches to absolute population size, and to quantify movement between subpopulations. Trypanosomiasis incidence rates in a herd of local cattle …

Combining Ability Of Resistance To The Sorghum Shootfly, Atherigona Soccata And Stemborer Chilo Partellus In Grain Sorghum, Sorghum Bicolor, A. A. Elbadawi, A. M. Nour, R. S. Pathak

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Combining ability of resistance to the sorghum shootfly, Atherigona soccata and spotted stemborer, Chilo partellus in grain sorghum was analysed on a seven-parents diallel in a field trial at the ICIPE Mbita Point Field Station, western Kenya during the 1990 long rainy season. Lines with best performance for each of the four measured resistance parameters were also found to be the best general combiners. Resistance to leaf damage and number of holes/metre were controlled by additive gene effects whereas resistance to deadheart and stem tunnelling were controlled by additive and non-additive gene effects. Parents IS-1044, IS-12308 and IS-2269 with their …

Progeny Production And Sex Ratios Of Field Populations Of The Parasitoids Cotesia Flavipes And Cotesia Sesamiae Reared From Gramineous Stemborers In Coastal Kenya, Charles O. Omwega, William A. Overholt

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Progeny production and sex ratios of the parasitoids Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and its exotic congener Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) emerging from three species of field-collected stemborers were compared. There were no significant differences in numbers of progeny of the two parasitoids from the African stemborers, Chilo orichalcociliellus (Strand) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Sesamia calamistis Hampson (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Cotesia flavipes produced more progeny than C. sesamiae on large larvae of its coevolved Asian host, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe). No significant differences in the number of parasitoid progeny were observed for different-sized Ch. orichakocilidltis or S. calamistis larvae. These data suggest …

The Ecology Of Critias And Platonic Metaphysics, Owen Goldin

Philosophy Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

The Charter And Anglophone Legal Theory, Part Ii, Richard F. Devlin Frsc

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms has generated not only new terrain over which discursive positions are mobilized, but it has catalysed theoretical reflection about law, society, state, and the self. Examining the implications of the Charter for Anglophone legal theory, the author conducts both a qualitative and quantitative survey of jurisprudential work on the Charter and concludes that the Charter's impact on legal theory has been significant. The Charter has prompted expansion of the range of interdisciplinary influences, contextualized theoretical reflection, and made jurisprudence more engaged with and relevant to Canadian social life. The Charter also has facilitated …

Preserving A Place For The Past In Our Future: A Survey Of Historic Preservation In West Virginia, Megan M. Carpenter

Faculty Scholarship

Historic designation is an important step toward protecting a historic district, in part because it allows property owners to obtain tax credits in the rehabilitation of their properties. Not only does it certify the importance of an historic area, but it also creates economic opportunities for property and business owners in that area through both tax credits and tourism opportunities. Because historic designation and the tax credits that go along with it can be lost if more than sixty-five percent of all downtown structures in an historic district lose their historic character, designation depends upon the cooperation of property owners. …

Specialized Labor And Employment Law Institutions In New Zealand And The United States, Andrew P. Morriss

Faculty Scholarship

Legal specialization takes several forms: decision-makers and advocates can specialize in particular types of cases, specialized rules can govern particular types of disputes, facts may be found by experts, appeals heard by special courts, or some or all of these combined. The American and New Zealand employment and labor law regimes make different use of specialized decision-makers, in part because of differences in their use of specialized legal rules for labor and employment law. These differences provide an opportunity to assess the appropriateness of specialization in legal decisionmaking.

Specialization in the legal system is simply one form of the more …

Lived Body Architecture : An Argument For Lived Bodies In Architecture And An Exploration Of Women's Lived Bodies In Society, Sherri A. Scribner

Theses

This thesis is about architecture's current disregard for the lived body and about the lived bodily experiences of women in Western society. Although these seem to be two different themes, they are connected. Architecture disregards the lived body, but it can never escape it. Architects design buildings from their own lived experiences of the world and architectural theorists most often write about architecture from their experience of being in the buildings they discuss. But because architecture has been built and discussed predominantly by men, Western theories of architecture reflect mainly a male interpretation. I begin by analyzing the paradigms of …

Balancing State Sovereignty And Competition: An Analysis Of The Impact Of Seminole Tribe On The Antitrust State Action Immunity Doctrine, Susan Beth Farmer

Faculty Scholarship

The great impact of the Seminole Tribe v. Florida decision will likely be felt in the range of federal causes of action that have exclusive remedies in federal court. Antitrust cases are among such causes of action. In seeking to avoid antitrust liability, defendants have invoked the protections of the antitrust state action doctrine, which immunizes only that anticompetitive activity imposed and supervised by states. This immunity bars suits against state and private actors alike. After Seminole Tribe, state defendants will escape all antitrust liability, whether or not the traditional requirements of the state action doctrine have been met. …

Gluttony, William I. Miller

Articles

Gluttony does not have the grandeur of pride, the often brilliant strategic meanness of envy and avarice, the glory of wrath. It does manage to gain some small allure by its association with lust, its sexy sibling sin of the flesh. Yet there is something irrevocably unseemly about gluttony, vulgar and lowbrow, self-indulgent in a swinish way. Gluttony is not the stuff of tragedy or epic. Imagine Hamlet too fat to take revenge or Homer making his topic the gluttony of Achilles rather than his wrath. With gluttony, compare pride and anger, sins that mark the grand action of revenge, …

Presidential Rulemaking, Peter L. Strauss

Faculty Scholarship

One of the prominent issues during the 1992 presidential campaign was abortion, in particular the federal government's role in financing counseling activities that might promote it. In the Bush Administration, the Department of Health and Human Services had adopted a controversial regulation to withhold federal funds from any family planning or other medical service that included counseling about abortion in its activities; the Clinton campaign promised to rescind that regulation if Clinton were elected President. Shortly after his election, in a prominent White House ceremony, President Clinton announced that he had directed the rescission of the prior rule and the …

Why Mandatory Arbitration May Benefit Workers, Theodore J. St. Antoine

Articles

Would employees-including union employees-be better off with mandatory arbitration, even of statutory employment claims? The answer to this important question should depend less on abstract notions about the importance of statutory claims and the sanctity of the right to a jury trial, and more on a pragmatic assessment of what is likely to be best for the great majority of workers. Employing this type of analysis, which would take into account an overworked, underfunded Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, backlogged court dockets and other practical problems, my view is that most employees might well be better off with mandatory arbitration, provided …

An Account Of The Systematic Error In Judging What Is Reachable, Philippe Rochat, Maryjane Wraga

Psychology: Faculty Publications

An account of the postural determinants of perceived reachability is proposed to explain systematic overestimations of the distance at which an object is perceived to be reachable. In this account, these errors are due to a mapping of the limits of prehensile space onto a person's perceived region of maximum stretchability, in the context of a whole-body engagement. In support of this account, 6 experiments on the judged reachability of both static and dynamic objects are reported. We tentatively conclude that the mental imagery of action is grounded and calibrated in reference to multiple skeletal degrees of behavioral freedom. Accordingly, …

Community-Based Health Care: A Legal And Policy Analysis , Lewis D. Solomon, Tricia Asaro

Fordham Urban Law Journal

While Washington has been unable to lead the way in significant health care reform, the health care system has begun to transform itself in terms of curbing skyrocketing health care costs, dealing with the more than forty million Americans who lack health care coverage, and the problems plaguing the Medicare and Medicaid systems. The search has begun for a health care model that ensures quality care to a wide population in a cost-efficient manner. This article explores how the U.S. Health care system currently functions, examines several innovative models, and suggests ways in which a decentralized, community-based approach to health …

Female Genital Mutilation: What Does The New Federal Law Really Mean?, Khadijah F. Sharif

Fordham Urban Law Journal

This Comment considers the growing number of immigrants who bring the traditional practice of female genital mutilation to the United States and examines the difficulty in protecting victims from the practice of female genital mutilation in insular communities. Part I outlines the three types of female genital mutilation, the cultural and religious reasons for the ritual, and the existence of the practice in the United States. Part II examines the provisions of the Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996. Part III recognizes that the passage that the passage of the Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 is timely, but argues that its …

Religion And Politics: A Reply To Justice Antonin Scalia, Nadine Strossen

Fordham Urban Law Journal

This piece is an edited transcript of Professor Strossen's oral presentation on "Religion and Politics" at the Jewish Theological Seminary ("JTS") in New York on June 18, 1996. She was responding to Justice Antonin Scalia's presentation at JTS on the same subject on May 21, 1996. The major topics included in this essay are constitutional interpretation regarding individual liberty in general, and constitutional interpretation specifically regarding the two religion clauses of the First Amendment - The Establishment Clause and the Free Exercise Clause. The main conclusion of this piece is that strictly enforcing both First Amendment religion clauses is an …

Attorneys And Social Workers Collaborating In Hiv Care: Breaking New Ground, Randye Retkin, Gary L. Stein, Barbara Hermie Draimin

Fordham Urban Law Journal

This article identifies and analyzes the complex ethical and service questions that arise when attorneys and social workers collaborate on behalf of their clients. These issues include: client confidentiality; attorney-client privilege and client waiver of the privilege; identification of the primary client and multi-party representation; legal requirements versus ethical obligations appropriate division of professional responsibilities; case reviews and consultations; and models for combing law and social work practices This article is intended to increase the understanding of and respect for the contributions of both disciplines, promote dialogue among professionals, and enhance service collaborations where appropriate.

Working Welfare Recipients: A Comparison Of The Family Support Act And The Personal Responsibility And Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, Lindsay Mara Schoen

Fordham Urban Law Journal

This Note compares the work requirements of the Family Support Act ("FSA") with those promulgated by the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act ("PRWORA") This Note concludes that the fairest and most effective welfare program offers a combination of work, education, and training, and proposes suggestions for implementing the existing work requirements to ensure long-term self sufficiency for welfare recipients.

Towards A Competitive Health Care System, Robert L. Hubbard

Fordham Urban Law Journal

The antitrust laws constitute the foundation and fundamental strength of the U.S. democratic free enterprise system. Competition enhances both the democratic and economic opportunities, including in the healthcare markets. Although healthcare markets have significant market imperfections, a competitive system is more appropriate for the healthcare markets because it delivers choice among alternatives that regulation does not. Thus, the question to ask in the healthcare system is what can be done to make competition work better.

Some Preliminary Thoughts On The Deregulation Of Insurance To Advantage The Working Poor, Maria O'Brien Hylton

Fordham Urban Law Journal

The regulatory framework in which employee benefits products are marketed and consumed by individuals and groups seeking to reduce exposure to covered events which influences the way insurance products are developed. The paper examines the important role that various forms on insurance play in the total compensation of low wage employees, focusing in particular on disability and health insurance. In particular, the author seeks ways in which the applicable regulatory framework might be altered to improve access and coverage. The important aspect of state regulatory law is the growing tendency to impose mandates on insurers who wish to do business …

The Public Hospital, Lewis R. Goldfrank, M.D.

Fordham Urban Law Journal

The author traces the development of public and private hospitals. In particular, the Article looks at the changing role of the hospital and the development of federal legislation. Next, the author reviews the functions of the public hospital, which include providing care for the poor, prisoners, psychiatric patients, trauma patients, and addicts. A public hospital also has the role of providing emergency and trauma care, while serving a role in disaster management and as the training grounds for the next generation of medical professionals. The closure of public hospitals has become frequent and it does not appear that the current …

Changing Positions And Entrenched Polemics: A Brief History Of The Association To Benefit Children’S View On Pediatric Hiv Testing, Counseling, And Care, Colin Crawford

Fordham Urban Law Journal

In this Article, the author documents the trajectory of the Association to Benefit Children’s approach to pediatric HIV testing. Part I focuses on ABC’s lawsuit on behalf of children with HIV in New York and documents the settlement process, which resulted in allowing mothers to know the results of the HIV test results. Next, the author reflects on why the debate became as acrimonious as it did, and how that impeded the resolution of a satisfactory result for the widest number of people. Lastly, the author offers several lessons learned from the controversy surrounding the debate. Specifically, the debate over …

Mandatory Testing Of Pregnant Women And Newborns: Hiv, Drug Use, And Welfare Policy, Elizabeth B. Cooper

Fordham Urban Law Journal

In this Introduction, the author discusses how the collection of essays provide insightful analysis of biological, legal, and public health issues surrounding mandatory testing of pregnant women and infants for HIV. As background, beginning February 1, 1997, New York ordered that every newborn in the state be tested for HIV-antibodies. In addition, the results are disclosed to the delivering mother, her physician, and her child’s physician, thus raising difficult ethical and policy questions for the Symposium panel.

The "Baby Aids" Bill, Nettie Mayersohn

Fordham Urban Law Journal

Assemblywoman Mayersohn first explains the reasons behind her support for the so-called “Baby AIDS” bill; namely, that over one thousand babies in New York State tested positive for AIDS or HIV antibodies every year but medical professions were not allowed to reveal the results to anyone, including the mother. After the introduction of the bill, the author details how she received criticism and opposition from activist organizations that she had previously supported. In conclusion, the “Baby AIDS” bill is a success because it no longer treated infected infants as some sort of statistical tool and ensures the infants receive the …

Mandatory Testing Of Pregnant Women And Newborns: Hiv, Drug Use, And Welfare Policy, Wendy Chavkin, Deborah Elman, Paul H. Wise

Fordham Urban Law Journal

An emerging strand of thought portrays pregnant women with drug addiction and HIV infection as having a willful hostility towards their fetus. As a result, pregnant mothers with HIV or addictions are confronted with decreased funding for services and increased sanctions for positive toxicology tests. The rhetoric of blame towards “deviant” mothers has escalated to embrace poor mothers in general. However, in order to support the babies, their mothers must be supported as well.

Bioethical Consideration Of Maternal-Fetal Issues, Linda Farber Post

Fordham Urban Law Journal

The relationship between a pregnant woman and her fetus is unlike any other in law, medicine, or ethics. This Article examines the complexity of the maternal-fetal conflict, focusing on the interests of the woman and the sometimes conflicting interests of her fetus. Part I discusses the typical analytical background of the conflict, explaining the various ethical principles, rights, and obligations involved such as autonomy, beneficence and nonmaleficence, and justice. Part II explores the various choices made by the pregnant woman, as well as the state’s attempts to regulate those choices on behalf of the fetus. This Article concludes that, while …

Mental Illness, Physical Illness, And The Legalization Of Physician-Assisted Suicide, Ellen H. Moskowitz

Fordham Urban Law Journal

This Article explores the oftentimes mistaken notion that we can realistically identify severely ill individuals seeking physician-suicide who do so willingly, knowingly, and voluntarily. Medical science and medical practice support this proposition. To date, there exists no sound clinical basis for distinguishing suicidal patients with terminal conditions from suicidal patients without terminal conditions. Thus, it is a mistake to posit a reasonably identifiable patient population od adults with terminal diagnosis who can provide informed, voluntary consent to prescription lethal drugs. In practice, the medical community has failed to indentify and treat suicidal disorders. This Article concludes that suicide, including suicide …

Is There A Right To Physician-Assisted Suicide?, J. David Bleich

Fordham Urban Law Journal

In Part I, the author explains that it is the adjudication between the conflicting claims of individual liberty, personal autonomy and self-determination versus the preservation of life as a societal value that is at the core of the issue posed by physician-assisted suicide. In Part II, author makes the case against suicide, noting that liberty is not absolute and the state retains powers of sovereignty to curtail an individual’s liberty in the face of a countervailing state interest. In Part III, the author discusses the relevant case law relating to the withdrawal of medical treatment. Part IV concludes with a …

Physician-Assisted Suicide: A Common Law Roadmap For State Courts, Alan Meisel

Fordham Urban Law Journal

Part I examines the development of the law legalizing passively hastening death and how this development relied significantly on distinguishing passively hastening death from actively hastening death. Part II subjects the arguments used to legitimate passively hastening death to a traditional criminal law analysis and demonstrates their weaknesses which were simple to conceal when there was little enthusiasm for, and discussion of, the legalization of actively hastening death. The central role of consent in legitimating passively hastening death is analyzed in Part III. Although passively hastening death technically satisfies all of the elements of the crimes of assisted suicide and …

Physician-Assisted Suicide: An Anthropological Perspective, Cheryl Mwaria

Fordham Urban Law Journal

In considering physician-assisted suicide, the real challenge lies in understanding the nature of culture itself. Missing from the debate is a discussion of the social consequences of hidden expectations and obligations with respect to access to health care, allocation of resources, terminal and chronic illness, disability, difference, suffering, and the nature of death itself. Part I explores the hidden dimensions of culture that operate at the level of the unconscious. In order to examine the ways in which our cultural expectations are likely to change with the legalization of physician-assisted suicide and active euthanasia it is imperative that we consider …