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The Effects Of Intracerebral Injections Of Substance P Fragments (5-11) And (1-7) Into The Dorsal Midbrain Central Gray On Lordosis Behavior In The Female Rat, Jodi Block

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Stimulus Placement, Size, And Similarity On Response Competition, Andy Benzinger

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Modernization And Development: A Comparative Study Of South Korea And Brazil, Douglas Becker

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

An Alterative Set Of Constraints - The Theorems Of The Alternative, Kathryn L. Balsman

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Seasonal Affective Disorder: A Validation Study, Christopher M. Ballak

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Oxidation Of Electrostatically Paired Porphyrin And Phthalocyanine, Libin Ho, John Goodwin, Faculty Advisor

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Complete 1991 Program

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

List Of Student Participants

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Committee Introduction And Thanks

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Paper Session Iii-C - Ground Based Laser System -Defense At The Speed Of Light, Donald J. Fielden

Space Congress® Proceedings

The United States and its allies face a potential threat of nuclear attack, intentional and accidental, from not only the Soviet Union but other countries that are developing a nuclear ballistic missile capability. The alarming fact is that the U.S. currently has no defense against ICBM attacks. The Department of Defense and scientific communities have become involved in multidiscipline scientific research in an attempt to develop a formidable defense network that would shield the U.S. and its allies from a nuclear attack. One such system in the concept development phase is the Ground Based Laser system. This system, if developed …

Paper Session Iii-C - History Of The Space Based Laser (Sbl) Concept Definition, Debora E. Mosely, Alvaro Gracia

Space Congress® Proceedings

The SBL system concept definition has gone through five phases. The Phase I study was from early 1982 to early 1984 , the Phase II study was from late 1984 to early 1986 , the Phase III study was from mid 1986 to early 1987 , the Phase IV concept study was from late 1987 to early 1989, and a Special Study was performed from mid 1989 to 1990. Phase I included using a single module deuterium fluoride laser. The missions in this phase included Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD), anti-aircraft , anti-satellite, as well as negating high value ground targets. …

Paper Session Iii-A - Excellence In Education Through Space Exploration, Lisa G. Bartoski

Space Congress® Proceedings

The national space policy for the United States establishes a plan for future exploration of the solar system. This plan includes the Space Station Freedom, a journey back to the Moon to stay, and then-a journey into tomorrow-a human mission to Mars.1 This exploration, the Space Exploration Initiative, plays a vital role in the education of today's young people. Future space exploration can help revitalize our educational system.

In President George Bush's "State of the Union" address on January 31,1990, he stated:

By the year 2000 f every child must start school ready to learn. The United States must increase …

Paper Session Iii-B - Space Station On-Orbit Assembly And Operation, L. P. Morata, F. David Riel

Space Congress® Proceedings

The United States and its international partners are well on the way to developing Space Station Freedom which will be a very large orbiting facility with many capabilities for conducting space operations. Adjustments in the program content and station design have been implemented as a result of the recent restructure activity. This paper addresses the assembly and operations aspects of SSF. Assembly is achieved by sequential shuttle launches which carry portions of the station building the capability through the Manned Tended Capability and then on to Permanent Manned Capability. The pre-integrated truss segment resulting from the program restructure activity is …

Paper Session Iii-A - The Role Of Simulation In Space Operations Training, Frank Ocasio, Dana Atkins

Space Congress® Proceedings

The mission of space operations has dramatically increased over the past decade. Increased responsibilities in the major areas of missile warning, space surveillance, satellite operations, and launch operations have diriven the need for precise training of people working in these areas. To accomplish this training, the use of computer simulation is taking on a much larger and increasingly more important role.

The goal of any type of computer simulation is to emulate operational equipment and procedures. Exact duplication of the operational environment, equipment, and software to include known glitches is known as 100 percent fidelity and is a difficult goal …

Paper Session Iii-C - A Summary Of Benefits From The Dod Space Test Program, Thomas Hagler

Space Congress® Proceedings

A paper to be presented by Thomas Hagler, ANSER, to the Twenty-Eighth Space Congress, Cocoa Beach, PL, 23-26 April 1991.

For the past 25 years, the Department of Defense (DOD) Space Test Program (STP) has provided spaceflight for DOD experiments which are not authorized their own means of flight. During this period, approximately 200 space experiments have been flown for the Air Force, Army, Navy, and other DOD agencies. This presentation first overviews the Space Test Program and its experiments, and then discusses several, including their importance to the military.

Paper Session Iii-B - A Robot Based Concept For Automation Of Servicing Of Scientific Payloads Aboard Orbiting Laboratories, Jorg Flemming, Peter Putz

Space Congress® Proceedings

In a series of ESA contracts, Dornier has led the definition of a concept for a robot-based Equipment Manipulation and Transportation System ("EMATS") for Columbus. This system was primarily designed for the man-tended Free Flying Laboratory, but could equally be adapted for a permanently manned Attached Laboratory.

During the unmanned microgravity periods, EMATS can automatically provide the greater part of the scientific payload facility handling and logistics functions such as loading and unloading of experiment samples or consumables. During the manned servicing intervals from the Space Station Freedom or Hermes, EMATS would assist and support the crew in routine tasks …

Paper Session Iii-B - Columbus Free-Flyer Center -Tasks And Manpower Profile, H. J.C. Koopman

Space Congress® Proceedings

The COLUMBUS program continues and extends European capabilities in manned space flight which have been initiated with the Spacelab program.

Based on European experience in supporting Spacelab missions and the valuable contribution of industrial personnel for this support, the need for a continuing operations support by the companies involved in the design and development of the Free Flying Laboratory and the Attached Laboratory has been established.

The concentration of this support at industrial sites, rather than attaching it directly to the relevant control centers, has been chosen as the most effective approach, considering continuous utilization of equipment/tools and facilities established …

Paper Session Iii-A - The Crisis In Human Capital, E. D. Kersey, Judith A. Kersey

Space Congress® Proceedings

If the United States is to regain the competitive edge, retain leadership in the international aerospace arena and achieve the national aerospace goals, we must have more well qualified scientists and engineers entering the workforce as well as the highly qualified technicians necessary to design, build, operate and maintain our aerospace hardware. The nation's educational system is not keeping pace with this demand for scientists and engineers. The necessary workforce will not be available unless prompt action is taken to ensure it.

This paper reviews shortfalls in our educational systems today, showing where the U.S. stands relative to the rest …

Paper Session Iii-C - Accelerated Low Cost Liquid Engine Stage Development For Critical Needs Missions, David Barnhart, Mark Coleman, Bill Mabe, George Goranson

Space Congress® Proceedings

Based on near term mission needs for liquid engine target stages for the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization (SDIO) Office, the Astronautcs Laboratory at Edwards AFB, California, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, have formed an unparalleled alliance to develop an accelerated low cost liquid engine target stage program.

To satisfy high profile accelerated projects in support of SDIO near and long term missions, liquid target stage development is needed for a variety of mission support roles. The AL and JPL laboratories have brought to life a unique method and philosophy for creating an accelerated program to develop a …

Paper Session Iii-B - Assured Crew Return, Charles E. Daniher

Space Congress® Proceedings

The Assured Crew Return Vehicle (ACRV ) concept was developed, by NASA, in response to the need to provide Space Station Freedom with Assured Crew Return Capability (ACRC) . The ACRC is a broad concept for assuring crew return from space which addresses both Earth-based and space-based rescue and includes space transportation systems which are currently in the United States inventory and some of which are being developed. The architecture of the ACRC is still being developed within NASA/JSC. Sufficient progress has been made to allow the ACRV part of ACRC to move ahead. The ACRV will provide on-orbit emergency …

Paper Session Iii-A - Challenger Center Touching The Future, Richard A. Methia

Space Congress® Proceedings

The Challenger Center for Space Science Education is a nonprofit educational organization with a mission to increase the number of elementary and middle school students interested in science, and to reverse the negative feelings many American youngsters have about science and technology. The Challenger Center was established in 1986 by the families of the Challenger shuttle crew as the most appropriate way to continue the Challenger crew's educational mission: to teach, to explore and to inspire.

Challenger Center uses the excitement of space exploration to capture children's interest. Through interesting and hands-on, problem-solving, space-related activities, children experience first-hand the opportunities …

Paper Session Iii-B - The Columbus Attached Laboratory, Luigi D'Emiliano

Space Congress® Proceedings

As an integral part of the manned core of the Space Station Freedom, the European Columbus Attached Laboratory is one of the three Laboratory Modules to provide an environment and facility for laboratory work, mcluding operational support to the crew.

Following the Preparatory Phase and major interfaces agreement reached between NASA and the International Partners, the Columbus Attached Laboratory has reached a level of definition which will allow proceeding with the full development phase.

This paper describes the main architectural and technical features of the current Columbus Attached Laboratory, as they have been derived from external and internal system requirements, …

Paper Session Iii-A - The Florida Space Grant Consortium, Martin A. Eisenberg

Space Congress® Proceedings

The Florida Space Grant Consortium (FSGC) is a voluntary association of Florida universities working in cooperation with affiliated public agencies and private industry to foster an ensemble of interrelated space-related educational and research programs. It is part of a national network of such consortia created in September 1989 by the NASA Space Grant College and Fellowship Consortium Program. In the ensuing sections the development of the NASA program and FSGC are described.

Henry Rosovsky, long-time Dean of Arts and Sciences at Harvard, in his recent book, The University: An Owner's Manual1 y presents a particularly articulate defense of the role …

Paper Session Iii-A - Workforce 2000 And Its Education Implications For Space Organizations, Betty P. Preece

Space Congress® Proceedings

The aerospace industry relies heavily on developing and implementing cutting-edge technology. To accomplish this, the industry needs employees whose education prepares them adequately for its tasks. There seem to be, therefore, two major workforce challenges facing the industry as it moves toward the year 2000:

1. Utilizing the present workforce

2. Preparing the future workforce

Aerospace companies are already matching the most highly qualified members of their workforces with unit functions. Those members who want to* continue to be valuable will need to krrp their skills and knowledge not only as current and specific to the job as possible but …

Paper Session Iii-B - Utilization Of Common Pressurized Modules Of Space Station Freedom, Daniel D. Mazanek, Michael L. Heck Ph.D., Marston J. Gould

Space Congress® Proceedings

Typical of past space projects following preliminary design review, most of the major Space Station critical subsystems will be required to reduce costs, weight, and power consumption prior to flight article hardware production. One such subsystem consists of the pressurized modules which provide the environment in which the crew members live and work. The current baseline station has two types of U.S. pressurized vessels: four resource nodes, and two modules 44 feet in length which must be transported to orbit nearly empty due to structural weight alone. Thus, user and system racks must be outfitted on-orbit rather than integrated on …

Paper Session Ii-B - The Launch Processing System Of Tomorrow, Gerry Duggan, Shaman Mullich, Charles Westerfield

Space Congress® Proceedings

Preparation and launch operations on the Space Shuttle and its payloads are highly complex. The current Checkout, Control, and Monitor System (CCMS), installed in the mid-1970s to provide prelaunch testing, launch sequencing, and control of the Shuttle, is now approaching the end of its useful life. To meet the increase in launch processing requirements for both the Shuttle and Space Station, NASA has responded to the need to replace this aging system with a new system which incorporates the advantages of modern state-of-the-art real time computers, displays, software, and communications. This effort, known as the Core Electronics System, is being …

Paper Session Ii-B - Nasa's Heavy-Lift Cargo Launch Vehicle Needs And Options For The Post 2000 Period, Uwe Heuter, Hugh Brady, Ray Evans

Space Congress® Proceedings

This paper presents the HLLV requirements, architectures and concepts. The paper focuses on vehicle options and facility requirements/impacts associated with unmanned heavy-lift cargo vehicles needed to assure future missions can be achieved.

Paper Session Ii-A - Iris-Lageos 2 Mission, Roberto Ibba, Giovanni Rum, Franco Varesio, Enrico Buratti, Pratizia Buratti

Space Congress® Proceedings

The developing and launching of LAGEOS 2 must be considered an important step in the evolution of Italian space and scientific activities. This paper will describe the scientific objectives of the IRIS-LAGEOS 2 mission, giving full details, characteristics and performances of the LAGEOS system and its launcher, IRIS:

LAGEOS 2 is a scientific satellite to be utilized for geodesy research being developed in Italy under a joint agreement between the Italian (ASI) and U.S. (NASA) Space Agencies.

IRIS (Italian Research Interim Stage), funded and managed by the Italian Space Agency, is a spinning, solid propellant upper stage system to be …

Paper Session Ii-C - Operational Space Support To Tactical Forces, Owen E. Jensen

Space Congress® Proceedings

The driving reasons for developing space systems in DOD at the dawn of the space age were strategic in nature. Arms control and intettigence constituted space imperatives at the height of the Cold War. Tactical applications came later and with much less priority.

Although much of this division of priorities continues today, Space Support to the Warflghters has become an increasingly common theme. Acquisition driven by combat related requirements is the new imperative by which development organizations must abide. We've become so quickly attuned to this activity that we have identified a separate mission area and given it a name: …

Paper Session Ii-C - Daily Operations Supporting The Global Positioning System (Gps), Kyle G. Roesler

Space Congress® Proceedings

The Global Positioning System is being utilized by millions and the realization of world-wide two-dimensional coverage makes the growth of the program assured. What most users do not realize is that twenty-four hours a day a group of seven men and women are sitting behind barred doors in a brightly lit antiseptic room, monitoring the satellite subsystems to ensure the integrity of the payload. Their story consists of the ground system they use to control the satellites, the variety of passes that they complete, and the changes in their workload as the constellation grows towards full strength.