Digital Commons Network^™

Retraining Of Aerospace Engineers And Technicians For Careers In Oceanography, Dimitri Rebikoff

Space Congress® Proceedings

Unfortunate as the decreasing need for Aerospace Engineers and Technicians,(and for that matter, competent Management) may seem, it can be construed more as a blessing to what is now referred to as the New Frontier of Exploration, the seas of the Earth, it's oldest, and most neglected feature!

Underwater Engineering Photographic Documentation, John P. Jones

Space Congress® Proceedings

For years now the number of underwater structures has been increasing almost as a geometric progression. The complexity of design and construction has increased at an equally impressive rate. Today we are no longer just concerning ourselves with simple towers, pipelines, outfalls, etc., but rather with complex systems such as the Dubai storage tank, sophisticated deep water drilling and production platforms, subsea wellhead completions, undersea collection and separator systems and complex pipeline systems. The engineering design and construction of such structures is rapidly evolving from "brute force", "cut and try" to the science of ocean engineering. Inspection and preventive maintenance …

Modular Space Stations, Charles R. Ellsworth, Leon B. Allen

Space Congress® Proceedings

The NASA Space Station Program has recently undergone substantial changes, brought about by the future availability of the Space Shuttle as an earth-to-orbit transportation system. The assembly of a Modular Space Station in earth orbit from elements delivered by the Space Shuttle is feasible and can be accomplished in the late 1970f s or early 1980*s. Low transportation costs, return of modular elements for either refurbishment or update, and incremental growth are major advantages of the modular approach. Initially, a modest three- to six-man Station can be assembled in orbit and, over a period of years, evolve to a larger …

Air Pollution: Our Ecological Alarm And Blessing In Disguise, Hugh W. Ellsaesser

Space Congress® Proceedings

Air pollution is the one feedback signal of nan's overgrazing of his ecological niche on the planet Earth capable of sptreading an alarm throughout the encapsulated cities and suburbs and hopefully in time to allow preventive action. It has already stimulated a greater awareness of and interest in man's total environment and his impact on other species. If air pollution does, indeed, arouse man to come to a planned, as opposed to a catastrophically imposed, equilibrium with the ecology of Earth no one can deny that it will truly have been a blessing in disguise.

An In Situ Measurement System For The Global Atmospheric Research 3-19 Program Using Balloons, Buoys And A Satellite, John E. Masterson

Space Congress® Proceedings

The Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP) is an international cooperative program whose ultimate goals are to increase our understanding of the general circulation of the atmosphere and to develop physical and mathematical bases for extended weather prediction. GARP was established in response to United National resolutions of 1960 and 1961; most of the GARP research efforts are scheduled for the decade of the 1970s.

GARP encompasses two separate but closely related communities: the World Meterorological Organization (WMO), made up of national meteorological agencies and services and including most of the observing, telecommunications , and automatic data processing facilities now obtaining …

Orbital Cargo Transfer Simulation, Gary P. Beasley, H. Loats, G. S. Mattingly

Space Congress® Proceedings

Future space operations will require transfers of a large variety of cargo under both intravehicular and extravehicular conditions. In order to determine the techniques, human factor considerations, assistive devices, package limitations, training procedures, and so forth related to the cargo transfer problem, extensive ground-based simulation is required.

To date, several zero- and reduced-gravity simulation techniques have been developed and utilized. All of these techniques have both limitations and definite areas of application. Two of these techniques, water-immersion and zero-g aircraft, are considered usable for cargo transfer simulation. However, the results being obtained using the techniques differ substantially. The reasons for …

Radio Amateur Satellites: A Means For Relating The Advances In The Space Program To The Public, William I. Dunkerley

Space Congress® Proceedings

Five amateur satellites in the Oscar series have been launched. They provide the radio amateur with an opportunity for a direct experience with space technology. Schools and educational organizations have used amateur satellites to aid in the instruction of space science. The planned Amsat-Oscar B spacecraft will involve an organized program to promote the educational utilization of Oscar satellites. In these ways sections of the general public receive personal contact with space technology.

Engineering Cost Analysis - An Advanced Space Program Technology Coming Of Age, L. M. Mckay

Space Congress® Proceedings

Cost analysis can be an engineering tool when the proper data are available. This paper discusses what data are required and shows that the data are available and can be used to make design decisions.

Space Station Facilities And Operations At The Kennedy Space Center, R. E. Holman, E. P. Malone, H. W. Clark

Space Congress® Proceedings

The Spaca Station Program potentially will a significant Impact on the Kennedy Space Canter Current and past programs have had their major Impact on KSC In the prelaunch and launch operations area with program support, subsequent to liftoff, generally performed at other locations. The Space Station Program also will Impact pre- launch and launch operations at KSC but, due to Its proposed 10-year operational lifetime, KSC also could have a significant role in support of the operational program. Support operations of the Space Station Program may be performed elsewhere; however, centralizing them at KSC has a number of attractive features …

Aerospace Can Help Solve The Ground Transportation Problem, W. C. Galloway, R. C. Uddenberg

Space Congress® Proceedings

Ground transportation has many common features with air and space travel and as a result the experience in aerospace is applicable, but cannot be applied without change. Ground vehicles and aircraft must safely and comfortably transport people, however the weight of the ground vehicle can be increased over the aircraft to realize cost savings. Basic lessons in dynamics, structures and fluid mechanics are applicable. The application of systems engineering disciplines learned on space and missile programs can be very effective. Many new people-mover concepts of current interest are excellent examples of application of system thinking. Finally, aerospace can make the …

An In Situ Measurement System For Garp Using Ballons, Buoys And A Satellite, John E. Masterson

Space Congress® Proceedings

The goals of the Global Atmospheric Research Program are to increase our understanding of the general circulation of the atmosphere and to develop bases for extended weather prediction. Data to fulfill these goals may come in part from a lowcost random access doppler system using orbiting satellites to recover meteorological and oceanographic data from freely drifting balloons and buoys. Such a system will be used in a scientific study in the tropics and southern hemisphere in 1974 and will involve the Nimbus satellite and some 300 constant-level balloons.

Reliability On The Air Force Eastern Test Range, David J. Kempi

Space Congress® Proceedings

The maintainability and operational reliability requirements to operate a one-point-five "billion dollar missile testing range with a myriad of highly technical systems, is obviously of great concern to sustain and improve launch programs.

Progress In The Dissipation Of Fog, Robert D. Fletcher

Space Congress® Proceedings

The first part of this presentation concentrates on operational programs in the dissipation of supercooled fog as conducted by U. S. commercial and military agencies with emphasis on that of the U. S. Air Force f s Air Weather Service (AWS). This program involves airborne dissipation systems at Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska, and at U. S, "bases in Germany, as well as ground-based propane systems at Fair child Air Force Base, Washington, and Hahn Air Base, Germany.

The second part reviews progress in warm-fog dissipation which is mostly in the research and development stage. The French jet-engine installation is …

Multidisciplinary Projects: A Modern Technique In Engineering Education, L. S. Fletcher, C. E. Przirembel

Space Congress® Proceedings

The multidisciplinary project laboratory course has been developed for the purpose of preparing young engineers to deal successfully with the complex practical problems associated with todays' technology. Students undertake a realistic engineering project which they pursue from inception to completion. Such a program fosters logical planning, ingenuity and creativity, constructive cooperation with related disciplines, technical responsibility, and a systematic approach to problem solving. The multidisciplinary project technique used in the Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department at Rutgers University is discussed in terms of a project example and benefits derived from the course.

Communication In The Technical Organization, Robert W. Moyer

Space Congress® Proceedings

Virtually all businesses and organizations have communication problems * The aerospace business is no exception and has its share of normal as well as peculiar communication problems. With reasonable attention to communication problems and weaknesses, basic causes can be identified and appropriate solutions provided. This paper addresses itself to communication concerning the technical organization as well as the individual. Analysis is made of the cause of communication problems with both the organization and the individual within the organization. Causes of miscommunication are identified, and corrective as well as preventive remedies are presented.

The Use Of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics In Viking Pressure Vessel Design, L. D. Guy, F. E. Mershon, R. E. Snyder

Space Congress® Proceedings

Fracture mechanics methodology has developed rapidly over the past 10 years. Although not as yet sufficiently developed for the treatment of complex structures such as aircraft, it is believed that fracture mechanics can provide a sound basis for the design of simple structures such as pressure bottles or tanks. Consequently, the Viking Project has adopted its use for design of all pressure vessels on the Viking spacecraft to assure the long life under sustained pressure necessary for the trip to Mars.

Working Toward A Clean Air Environment For Kentucky, Frank P. Partee

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Twenty-Second Kentucky Highway Conference Committee, Kentucky Transportation Center

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Lively To Sudbury, Ntp Archives

Michael Newark Digitized Tornado Archive

The eighth deadliest tornado in Canadian history and fourth in Ontario. Very strong tornado spawned by particularly intense storm as part of a squall/derecho event. A number of witnesses saw the storm and tornado approaching. Some houses were destroyed down to their foundations. This is likely F4 type damage although was not confirmed by EC. (report by Dave Sills?) Most of the deaths were attributed to vehicles interacting with tornadic winds.

Meeting, Wku Board Of Regents

Board of Regents Documents

Minutes of WKU Board of Regents meeting. Agenda items: executive committee report, salaries, new regents, new programs: Dental Hygiene, Home Economics MA, Library Science MA, Child Development & family Living, personnel, construction of Environmental Sciences & Technology Building, married student housing, heating plant, tuition and fees, purchase of 1580 Normal Drive, purchase of 126 Old Morgantown Road, creation of an FM radio station, Lenk Company donation to study water pollution, Jones-Jaggers laboratory school and College Heights Foundation.

Automated Systems For Information Retrieval In Education, William K. Gumming

Space Congress® Proceedings

Efficient retrieval from all kinds of knowledge sources via automated electronic systems is the key to future requirements for transmission of educational information. First-generation hardware is economically and logistically feasible today for any size institution or organization. An example, the Electronic Inquiry System utilized successfully by learners and faculty at Brevard Junior College, is described. Main advantage is the individualization of study procedures. Such configurations may be the prototype for tomorrow's systems of total access and interaction.

Education: The Crisis And A Plan, Harold A. Blum

Space Congress® Proceedings

The crisis in education is described here in terms of quality, obsolescence, utilization of new technology, and economics. A plan is discussed for a flexible system of education which includes features such as elimination of the scheduled lecture as the center of educational operation, individual rate of progress, non-punitive grading system, year round operation. Specifically, a model is discussed for an undergraduate engineering curriculum. The problems of implementation and some possible ways to do this within five years are also discussed.

A Large Scale Computer-Based Educational System For The Seventies, Donald L. Bitzer, Dominic Skaperdas

Space Congress® Proceedings

A computer-based education system in use at the University of Illinois is described. Based on many years of teaching experience with this system and on several technological breakthroughs, a design for a large scale computer-based education system capable of serving up to 4,000 student terminals is presented. Working prototypes of a student console and a data distribution system are described. Finally, a cost estimate of the system is presented.

Sensitivity Techniques In Learning, Martin I. Veiner

Space Congress® Proceedings

There has been a marked increase in the use of sensitivity techniques in recent times. Popular and professional references have flourished with technical articles describing sensitivity used for various objectives which focus on the reactions of the individual or the group in response to encounter. In spite of the available information, many misconceptions persist about sensitivity. The purpose of this paper is to define sensitivity and relate it to the individual in a learning environment. By tracing a picture of legitimate objectives and applications, a better perspective should emerge as to suitable conditions for its use. Finally, the results of …

Off-Duty Concepts For Long Duration Space Missions, Edward W. Karnes, Leonard A. Loudis, J. K. Thomas, Thomas Spiritoso

Space Congress® Proceedings

Leisure time preferences were surveyed in three populations which are potential sources of future spacecrew candidates: test pilots, military pilots and aerospace engineers and scientists. A questionnaire designed to provide rating scale measures of preferences for various types of spacecraft recreational equipment items, leisure time activity categories, content within activity categories, and various .kinds of snack items was administered to the samples from the three populations. The results indicated that leisure time preferences in the three populations were quite similar.

Representative spacecraft off-duty concepts for long duration space missions and possible engineering constraints are discussed.

Forecast Of World Ocean Objectivities, Lloyd V. Stover

Space Congress® Proceedings

National Ocean Goals must be supported by a series of discreet objectives which concurrently enhance World Ocean Goals. In general terms these goals are: "Improve the Ocean Environment, Promote Economic Development of Ocean Resources, Increase Scientific Knowledge of the Ocean, Assure World Peace and Security, and Enhance International Understanding."

The Forecast of World Ocean Objectives has been developed through the year 2000. These objectives have been established in accordance with a time sequence of activities associated with a horizontal consideration of the world ocean.

The Interaction Of Life Sciences & Engineering Technologies In Man/Systems Integration, Wilton W. Murphy, Jay R. Swink, Edward J. Mclaughlin

Space Congress® Proceedings

Advancing technology has led to increasingly sophisticated systems, requiring cooperative interdisciplinary solutions to achieve optimal man/system integration. The life sciences and engineering have started to exchange ideas, techniques, and approaches to this common problem area. The difficulties encountered in such relationships are largely a matter of tradition and the absence of dialogue rather than any basic technical incompatibility. A basis for resolving these differences and the results of such endeavors are discussed.

The Use Of Satellite Cloud Photography To Infer Oceanographic Phenomena, James R. Greaves, Clinton J. Bowley

Space Congress® Proceedings

Several years of satellite cloud photography were examined to determine to what extent oceanographic phenomena might be revealed through their influence on the local cloud structure. The region of the Peru Current was selected for the study. As anticipated, indications of known oceanographic features including the Peru Current itself and local upwelling centers were noted. Previously unknown features such as an apparent band of warmer water off the Peruvian coast and anomalous patches of calm water in mid-ocean were also found. A seasonal cloud climatology for the Peru Current area was developed. The importance of coordinated studies using satellites, ships …

Impact Of Aerospace Technology On Future Ocean Systems, Donald P. Germeraad

Space Congress® Proceedings

The ocean, like space, is a rather hostile environment but for different reasons; constraints of extreme pressure with depth, poor visibility and highly corrosive properties. Although submersibles have operated in this medium since the turn of the century, they have been operational essentially in the same limited plane as a surface vessel and use the ocean primarily as a covert cloak. Mission flexibility in using the third dimension (depth) has been constrained by stringent structural requirements. This presentation will discuss technological advancements required to make significant contributions to future ocean oriented commercial and military systems. There is not a direct …

Unique Manufacturing Processes In Space Environment, Hans F. Wuenscher

Space Congress® Proceedings

The zero gravity or weightless environment during orbital flight makes specific new manufacturing processes possible.

An overview of the current research and technology projects is given. Unique processes are discussed and potential materials and products groups are outlined.

The Space Manufacturing experiments presently in development for the Skylab Orbital Workshop mission are briefly described and follow-on NASA plans and the industrial participation in space processing and manufacturing experiments are outlined.