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Heuristic Optimization Techniques For Voltage Stability Enhancement Of Radial Distribution Network With Simultaneous Consideration Of Network Reconfiguration And Dg Sizing And Allocations, Mahiraj Singh Rawat, Shelly Vadhera
Heuristic Optimization Techniques For Voltage Stability Enhancement Of Radial Distribution Network With Simultaneous Consideration Of Network Reconfiguration And Dg Sizing And Allocations, Mahiraj Singh Rawat, Shelly Vadhera
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In this paper, heuristic optimization techniques, such as integrated particle swarm optimization (IPSO), teaching--learning-based optimization (TLBO), and Jaya optimization, were applied effectively for the first time to optimize the radial distribution network (RDN) by simultaneously considering reconfiguration of the network and allocation and sizing of the distributed generations (DG). The objectives were to maximize the voltage stability and to minimize the power loss of the network without violating the system constraints. In standard PSO technique, the movement of current particle depends upon global best position and its own best position up to current step. However, if the particle lies too …
A Novel Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithm: The Monarchy Metaheuristic, Ibtissam Ahmia, Meziane Aider
A Novel Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithm: The Monarchy Metaheuristic, Ibtissam Ahmia, Meziane Aider
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In this paper, we introduce a novel metaheuristic optimization algorithm named the monarchy metaheuristic (MN). Our proposed metaheuristic was inspired by the monarchy government system. Unlike many other metaheuristics, it is easy to implement and does not need a lot of parameters. This makes it applicable to a wide range of optimization problems. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, we examined it on the traveling salesman problem (TSP) using some benchmark from TSPLIB online library of instances for the TSP. The experimental results indicate that the monarchy metaheuristic is competitive with the other methods that exist in the …
Data Analysis Through Social Media According To The Classified Crime, Serkan Savaş, Nuretti̇n Topaloğlu
Data Analysis Through Social Media According To The Classified Crime, Serkan Savaş, Nuretti̇n Topaloğlu
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
The amount and variety of data generated through social media sites has increased along with the widespread use of social media sites. In addition, the data production rate has increased in the same way. The inclusion of personal information within these data makes it important to process the data and reach meaningful information within it. This process can be called intelligence and this meaningful information may be for commercial, academic, or security purposes. An example application is developed in this study for intelligence on Twitter. Crimes in Turkey are classified according to Turkish Statistical Institute criminal data and keywords are …
Fuzzy Logic-Based Disparity Selection Using Multiple Data Costs For Stereo Correspondence, Akhil Appu Shetty, V.I George, C Gurudas Nayak, Raviraj Shetty
Fuzzy Logic-Based Disparity Selection Using Multiple Data Costs For Stereo Correspondence, Akhil Appu Shetty, V.I George, C Gurudas Nayak, Raviraj Shetty
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Stereo matching algorithms are capable of generating depth maps from two images of the same scene taken simultaneously from two different viewpoints. Traditionally, a single cost function is used to calculate the disparity between corresponding pixels in the left and right images. In the present research, we have considered a combination of simple data costs. A new method to combine multiple data costs is presented and a fuzzy-based disparity selection method is proposed. Experiments with different combinations of parameters are conducted and compared through the Middlebury and Kitti Stereo Vision Benchmark.
A Tree-Based Approach For English-To-Turkish Translation, Özge Bakay, Begüm Avar, Olcay Taner Yildiz
A Tree-Based Approach For English-To-Turkish Translation, Özge Bakay, Begüm Avar, Olcay Taner Yildiz
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In this paper, we present our English-to-Turkish translation methodology, which adopts a tree-based approach. Our approach relies on tree analysis and the application of structural modification rules to get the target side (Turkish) trees from source side (English) ones. We also use morphological analysis to get candidate root words and apply tree-based rules to obtain the agglutinated target words. Compared to earlier work on English-to-Turkish translation using phrase-based models, we have been able to obtain higher BLEU scores in our current study. Our syntactic subtree permutation strategy, combined with a word replacement algorithm, provides a 67 % relative improvement from …
Automatic Concept Identification Of Software Requirements In Turkish, Fatma Bozyi̇ği̇t, Özlem Aktaş, Deni̇z Kilinç
Automatic Concept Identification Of Software Requirements In Turkish, Fatma Bozyi̇ği̇t, Özlem Aktaş, Deni̇z Kilinç
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Software requirements include description of the features for the target system and express the expectations of users. In the analysis phase, requirements are transformed into easy-to-understand conceptual models that facilitate communication between stakeholders. Although creating conceptual models using requirements is mostly implemented manually by analysts, the number of models that automate this process has increased recently. Most of the models and tools are developed to analyze requirements in English, and there is no study for agglutinative languages such as Turkish or Finnish. In this study, we propose an automatic concept identification model that transforms Turkish requirements into Unified Modeling Language …
A Memory-Efficient Canonical Data Structure For Decimal Floating Point Arithmetic Systems Modeling And Verification, Mohammad Saeed Jahangiry, Saeed Safari
A Memory-Efficient Canonical Data Structure For Decimal Floating Point Arithmetic Systems Modeling And Verification, Mohammad Saeed Jahangiry, Saeed Safari
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Decimal floating point (DFP) number representation was proposed in IEEE-754-2008 in order to overcome binary floating point inaccuracy. Neglecting binary floating point verification has resulted in significant validity and economic losses. Formal verification can be a solution to similar DFP design problems. Verification techniques aiming at DFP are limited to functional methods whereas formal approaches have been neglected and traditional decision diagrams cannot model DFP representation complexity. In this paper, we propose an efficient canonical data structure that can model DFP properties. Our novel data structure models coefficient, exponent, sign, and bias of a DFP number. We will prove mathematically …
Formally Analyzed M-Coupon Protocol With Confirmation Code (Mcwcc), Keri̇m Yildirim, Gökhan Dalkiliç, Nevci̇han Duru
Formally Analyzed M-Coupon Protocol With Confirmation Code (Mcwcc), Keri̇m Yildirim, Gökhan Dalkiliç, Nevci̇han Duru
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
There are many marketing methods used to attract customers' attention and customers search for special discounts and conduct research to get products cheaper. Using discount coupons is one of the widely used methods for obtaining discounts. With the development of technology, classical paper-based discount coupons become e-coupons and then turn into mobile coupons (m-coupons). It is inevitable that retailers will use m-coupon technology to attract customers while mobile devices are used in daily life. As a result, m-coupon technology is a promising technology. One of the significant problems with using m-coupons is security. Here it is necessary to ensure the …
Identifying Criminal Organizations From Their Social Network Structures, Muhammet Serkan Çi̇nar, Burkay Genç, Hayri̇ Sever
Identifying Criminal Organizations From Their Social Network Structures, Muhammet Serkan Çi̇nar, Burkay Genç, Hayri̇ Sever
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Identification of criminal structures within very large social networks is an essential security feat. By identifying such structures, it may be possible to track, neutralize, and terminate the corresponding criminal organizations before they act. We evaluate the effectiveness of three different methods for classifying an unknown network as terrorist, cocaine, or noncriminal. We consider three methods for the identification of network types: evaluating common social network analysis metrics, modeling with a decision tree, and network motif frequency analysis. The empirical results show that these three methods can provide significant improvements in distinguishing all three network types. We show that these …
Local Directional-Structural Pattern For Person-Independent Facial Expression Recognition, Farkhod Makhmudkhujaev, Md Tauhid Bin Iqbal, Byungyong Ryu, Oksam Chae
Local Directional-Structural Pattern For Person-Independent Facial Expression Recognition, Farkhod Makhmudkhujaev, Md Tauhid Bin Iqbal, Byungyong Ryu, Oksam Chae
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Existing popular descriptors for facial expression recognition often suffer from inconsistent feature description, experiencing poor accuracies. We present a new local descriptor, local directional-structural pattern (LDSP), in this work to address this issue. Unlike the existing local descriptors using only the texture or edge information to represent the local structure of a pixel, the proposed LDSP utilizes the positional relationship of the top edge responses of the target pixel to extract more detailed structural information of the local texture. We further exploit such information to characterize expression-affiliated crucial textures while discarding the random noisy patterns. Moreover, we introduce a globally …
Motion Blur Image Deblurring Using Edge-Based Color Patches, Xixuan Zhao, Jiangming Kan
Motion Blur Image Deblurring Using Edge-Based Color Patches, Xixuan Zhao, Jiangming Kan
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
The shaking of a camera can easily cause blurs in an image. Thus, deblurring is a problem that is worth solving and has always been an active research interest. The color information in an image is an important feature and contains clues for image deblurring that have not been widely exploited. In this paper, we present an efficient and stable blurring kernel estimation method by solving an energy function constructed by a weighted color approximation regularization term. The term is derived from a two-color model, and we use a defined weight to alleviate the color change through the blurring process. …
Optimal Set Of Eeg Features In Infant Sleep Stage Classification, Maja Cic, Mario Milicevic, Igor Mazic
Optimal Set Of Eeg Features In Infant Sleep Stage Classification, Maja Cic, Mario Milicevic, Igor Mazic
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
This paper evaluates six classification algorithms to assess the importance of individual EEG rhythms in the context of automatic classification of infant sleep. EEG features were obtained by Fourier transform and by a novel technique based on the empirical mode decomposition and generalized zero crossing method. Of six evaluated classification algorithms, the best classification results were obtained with the support vector machine for the combination of all presented features from four EEG channels. Three methods of attribute ranking were assessed: relief, principal component analysis, and wrapper-based optimized attribute weights. The outcomes revealed that the optimal selection of features requires one …
Improvement Of Quantized Adaptive Switching Median Filter For Impulse Noise Reduction In Gray-Scale Digital Images, Haidi Ibrahim, Ahmed Khaldoon Abdalameer
Improvement Of Quantized Adaptive Switching Median Filter For Impulse Noise Reduction In Gray-Scale Digital Images, Haidi Ibrahim, Ahmed Khaldoon Abdalameer
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Digital images may suffer from fixed value impulse noise due to several causes. The noise significantly degrades the quality of the image, which may affect the subsequence image processing. Therefore, a noise reduction technique is required to restore the image. In this paper, a new method, which is called improvement of quantized adaptive switching median filter (IQASMF), has been proposed to reduce the fixed value impulse noise from gray-scale digital images. The implementation of IQASMF has five processing blocks. The first processing block is the noise detection block, where the noise pixel candidates are detected based on the intensity value. …
Comparative Analysis Of A Novel Topology For Single-Phase Z-Source Inverter With Reduced Number Of Switches, Himanshu Sharma, Rintu Khanna, Neelu Jain
Comparative Analysis Of A Novel Topology For Single-Phase Z-Source Inverter With Reduced Number Of Switches, Himanshu Sharma, Rintu Khanna, Neelu Jain
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Z-source inverter has recently been introduced to overcome the limitations of conventional voltage source inverter. This paper deals with a novel topology of single-phase Z-source inverter (ZSI). This topology reduced the number of passive elements and active switches in order to make the inverter cheaper and smaller in size compared to traditional ZSI. Detailed analysis of the proposed topology is presented in this paper which includes calculations of boost factor, total harmonic disorder, magnitude of output voltage etc. Modulation technique used to control the switching of the proposed inverter is explained in detail. This paper also compares the proposed topology …
A Multiseed-Based Svm Classification Technique For Training Sample Reduction, Imran Sharif, Debasis Chaudhuri
A Multiseed-Based Svm Classification Technique For Training Sample Reduction, Imran Sharif, Debasis Chaudhuri
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
A support vector machine (SVM) is not a popular method for a very large dataset classification because the training and testing time for such data are computationally expensive. Many researchers try to reduce the training time of SVMs by applying sample reduction methods. Many methods reduced the training samples by using a clustering technique. To reduce its high computational complexity, several data reduction methods were proposed in previous studies. However, such methods are not effective to extract informative patterns. This paper demonstrates a new supervised classification method, multiseed-based SVM (MSB-SVM), which is particularly intended to deal with very large datasets …
On The Stability Of Inverse Dynamics Control Of Flexible-Joint Parallel Manipulators In The Presence Of Modeling Error And Disturbances, Sitki Kemal İder, Ozan Korkmaz, Mustafa Semi̇h Deni̇zli̇
On The Stability Of Inverse Dynamics Control Of Flexible-Joint Parallel Manipulators In The Presence Of Modeling Error And Disturbances, Sitki Kemal İder, Ozan Korkmaz, Mustafa Semi̇h Deni̇zli̇
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Inverse dynamics control is considered for flexible-joint parallel manipulators in order to obtain a good trajectory tracking performance in the case of modeling error and disturbances. It is known that, in the absence of modeling error and disturbance, inverse dynamics control leads to linear fourth-order error dynamics, which is asymptotically stable if the feedback gains are chosen to make the real part of the eigenvalues of the system negative. However, when there are modeling errors and disturbances, a linear time-varying error dynamics is obtained whose stability is not assured only by keeping the real parts of the frozen-time eigenvalues of …
A Coordinated Dc Voltage Control Strategy For Cascaded Solid State Transformer With Star Configuration, Zhendong Ji, Yichao Sun, Cheng Jin, Jianhua Wang, Jianfeng Zhao
A Coordinated Dc Voltage Control Strategy For Cascaded Solid State Transformer With Star Configuration, Zhendong Ji, Yichao Sun, Cheng Jin, Jianhua Wang, Jianfeng Zhao
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Cascaded solid-state transformer (SST) can be directly connected to the high-voltage distribution grid, and it has broad applications in the future smart grid, traction locomotive, and renewable energy integration. However, the reliability of the cascaded SST is seriously influenced by the DC voltage and power imbalance issues with this configuration. This paper presents a coordinated DC voltage control strategy for cascaded SST with star configuration, in which the average DC voltage and the balancing DC voltage are controlled separately without current sensors in dual active bridge (DAB) modules. This strategy not only reduces the cost and the complexity of the …
Neural Network Controller For Nanopositioning Of A Smooth Impact Drive Mechanism, Xiaohui Lu, Dong Chen, Tinghai Cheng, Zhe Li
Neural Network Controller For Nanopositioning Of A Smooth Impact Drive Mechanism, Xiaohui Lu, Dong Chen, Tinghai Cheng, Zhe Li
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In this paper, neural network theory is used to improve the positioning accuracy of smooth impact drive mechanisms (SIDMs), by designing a displacement controller that consists of a neural network identification (NNI) and a neural network controller (NNC). The dynamics of the SIDM are described by the NNI, which consists of an input layer, hidden layer, and output layer. The parameters of the NNI are adjusted using back propagation. The NNC is designed as a proportional-derivative (PD) controller, which is used to accurately control the displacement of the SIDM. The PD parameters are adjusted with an adaptive adjustment algorithm. A …
Antenna Selection And Transmission Power For Energy Efficiency In Downlink Massive Mimo Systems, Adeeb Salh, Lukman Audah, Nor Shahida Mohd Shah, Shipun Anuar Hamzah, Hasan Saeed Mir
Antenna Selection And Transmission Power For Energy Efficiency In Downlink Massive Mimo Systems, Adeeb Salh, Lukman Audah, Nor Shahida Mohd Shah, Shipun Anuar Hamzah, Hasan Saeed Mir
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Massive multiinput-multioutput (M-MIMO) systems are crucial for maximizing energy efficiency (EE) in fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks. A M-MIMO system's achievable high data rate is highly related to the number of antennas, but increasing the number of antennas the system raises energy consumption. In this paper, we derive ergodic EE based on the optimal transmit power and joint optimization antenna selection (AS) with impact pilot reuse sequences (PRSs). We apply Newton's method and the Lagrange multiplier to derive jointly optimized AS and optimal transmission power under the effect of PRSs. The proposed algorithm prevents repeated searching for joint optimal AS and …
Lung Segmentation In Chest Radiographs Using Fully Convolutional Networks, Rahul Hooda, Ajay Mittal, Sanjeev Sofat
Lung Segmentation In Chest Radiographs Using Fully Convolutional Networks, Rahul Hooda, Ajay Mittal, Sanjeev Sofat
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Automated segmentation of medical images that aims at extracting anatomical boundaries is a fundamental step in any computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system. Chest radiographic CAD systems, which are used to detect pulmonary diseases, first segment the lung field to precisely define the region-of-interest from which radiographic patterns are sought. In this paper, a deep learning-based method for segmenting lung fields from chest radiographs has been proposed. Several modifications in the fully convolutional network, which is used for segmenting natural images to date, have been attempted and evaluated to finally evolve a network fine-tuned for segmenting lung fields. The testing accuracy and …
Approximation Of Planar Curves, Malik Zawwar Hussain, Ayesha Shakeel, Maria Hussain
Approximation Of Planar Curves, Malik Zawwar Hussain, Ayesha Shakeel, Maria Hussain
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In the present article, we have developed the $G^{2}$-approximation scheme for planar curves arising in science, engineering, computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, and many other fields. The obtained results reveal that the proposed method is a significant addition to the approximation of planar curves. The method is illustrated using different numerical examples. The smaller absolute error confirms the applicability and efficiency of the proposed method.
Refugees' Social Media Activities In Turkey: A Computational Analysis And Demonstration Method, Muhammed Abdullah Bülbül, Salah Haj Ismail
Refugees' Social Media Activities In Turkey: A Computational Analysis And Demonstration Method, Muhammed Abdullah Bülbül, Salah Haj Ismail
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
This study performs a data analysis on refugees in Turkey based on their social media activities. In order to achieve this, we first propose a method to find their relevant public accounts and collect their activities generating a dataset. Then, we perform spatial and temporal analysis over this dataset to shed light on the most important topics and events discussed in social networks. We present the results graphically for ease of understanding and comparison. Our results indicate that we can reveal the most shared topics over a specific time and place as well as the change of pattern in refugees' …
Measurement Of Network-Based And Random Meetings In Social Networks, Pranav Nerurkar, Madhav Chandane, Sunil Bhirud
Measurement Of Network-Based And Random Meetings In Social Networks, Pranav Nerurkar, Madhav Chandane, Sunil Bhirud
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Social networks are created by the underlying behavior of the actors involved in them. Each actor has interactions with other actors in the network and these interactions decide whether a social relationship should develop between them. Such interactions may occur due to meeting processes such as chance-based meetings or network-based (choice) meetings. Depending upon which of these two types of interactions plays a greater role in creation of links, a social network shall evolve accordingly. This evolution shall result in the social network obtaining a suitable structure and certain unique features. The aim of this work is to determine the …
Cache Pressure-Aware Caching Scheme For Content-Centric Networking, Xi Luo, Ying An
Cache Pressure-Aware Caching Scheme For Content-Centric Networking, Xi Luo, Ying An
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Content centric networking (CCN) is a new networking paradigm to meet the growing demand for content access in the future. Because of its important role in accelerating content retrieval and reducing network transmission load, in-network caching has become one of the core technologies in CCN and has attracted wide attention. The existing caching schemes often lack sufficient consideration of node cache status and the temporal validity of user requests, and thus the cache efficiency of the network is greatly reduced. In this paper, a cache pressure-aware caching scheme is proposed, which comprehensively takes into account various factors such as content …
A Novel Adaptive Hysteresis Dc-Dc Buck Converter For Portable Devices, Sung Sik Park, Ju Sang Lee, Sang Dae Yu
A Novel Adaptive Hysteresis Dc-Dc Buck Converter For Portable Devices, Sung Sik Park, Ju Sang Lee, Sang Dae Yu
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
This paper presents a new technique that adjusts the hysteresis window depending on the variations in load current caused by a voltage-mode circuit to reduce the voltage and current ripples. Moreover, a compact current-sensing circuit is used to provide an accurate sensing signal for achieving fast hysteresis window adjustment. In addition, a zero-current detection circuit is also proposed to eliminate the reverse current at light loads. As a result, this technique reduces the voltage ripple below 8.08 mV$_{\rm pp}$ and the current ripple below 93.98 mA$_{\rm pp}$ for a load current of 500 mA. Circuit simulation is performed using 0.18 …
A Novel Design Of An Electromagnetically Levitated Vibrational Viscometer For Biomedical And Clinical Applications, Ali̇ Akpek
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Accurate determination of the viscosity behavior of fluids is extremely important, especially for biomedical and clinical applications. For example, blood viscosity is used to detect cardiovascular diseases in patients. Like blood, all body fluids and biochemical solvents used in biomedical studies are very limited resources. Therefore, a viscometer that is especially focused for biomedical and clinical applications should have the ability to obtain viscosity results from a reservoir as small as possible, in a range as wide as possible and in a period of time as short as possible. The measurements must be accurate even when the fluid temperatures shift …
A New Computer-Controlled Platform For Adc-Based True Random Number Generator And Its Applications, Selçuk Coşkun, İhsan Pehli̇van, Aki̇f Akgül, Bi̇lal Gürevi̇n
A New Computer-Controlled Platform For Adc-Based True Random Number Generator And Its Applications, Selçuk Coşkun, İhsan Pehli̇van, Aki̇f Akgül, Bi̇lal Gürevi̇n
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
The basis of encryption techniques is random number generators (RNGs). The application areas of cryptology are increasing in number due to continuously developing technology, so the need for RNGs is increasing rapidly, too. RNGs can be divided into two categories as pseudorandom number generator (PRNGs) and true random number generator (TRNGs). TRNGs are systems that use unpredictable and uncontrollable entropy sources and generate random numbers. During the design of TRNGs, while analog signals belonging to the used entropy sources are being converted to digital data, generally comparators, flip-flops, Schmitt triggers, and ADCs are used. In this study, a computer-controlled new …
Design And Fabrication Of A Dual-Polarized, Dual-Band Reflectarray Using Optimal Phase Distribution, Iman Aryanian, Arash Ahmadi, Mehdi Rabbani, Sina Hassibi, Majid Karimipour
Design And Fabrication Of A Dual-Polarized, Dual-Band Reflectarray Using Optimal Phase Distribution, Iman Aryanian, Arash Ahmadi, Mehdi Rabbani, Sina Hassibi, Majid Karimipour
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Two main factors limiting the reflectarray bandwidth are different phase slopes versus the frequency at every point on the aperture and the phase limitation of comprising elements at different frequencies. Considering these two factors, a novel design method is proposed to implement a dual-band, dual-polarized reflectarray antenna in X and Ku bands. An optimization algorithm is adopted to find the optimum phase for each unit cell on the reflectarray aperture. The best geometrical parameters of the phasing elements are suggested based on the phase variation of the element versus frequency and the element position with respect to the antenna feed. …
Characterization Of A High-Speed Radio-Frequency Sampling And Demultiplexing Circuit Based On The Cascade Connection Of Pin Photodiodes, Carlos Villa Angulo, Ivan O. Hernandez-Fuentes, Ricardo Morales-Carbajal, Rafael Villa-Angulo, Jose R. Villa-Angulo
Characterization Of A High-Speed Radio-Frequency Sampling And Demultiplexing Circuit Based On The Cascade Connection Of Pin Photodiodes, Carlos Villa Angulo, Ivan O. Hernandez-Fuentes, Ricardo Morales-Carbajal, Rafael Villa-Angulo, Jose R. Villa-Angulo
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Herein, we apply theoretical models to characterize the transfer function and frequency response of a complex optoelectronic circuit that comprises a primary ultrafast sampling circuit followed by a cascade connection of \textsl{N} demultiplexing stages. The successive radio-frequency optoelectronic samplers were based on the cascade connection of positive-intrinsic-negative-photodiodes (PIN-PDs). We developed a procedure to calculate the principal design parameters that allows us to use optical power for each sampling and demultiplexing stage, such that the circuit can be designed based on the application requirements. The results obtained from the theoretical models were compared with the measurements obtained from the 2.5 GS …
Cost-Effective Telemetry For Energy Network Of An Electricity Distribution Company: Part I, Asim Zaheer Ud Din, Yasar Ayaz, Mian Ilyas Ahmad Ahmad, Momena Hasan, Salman Masaud, Naveed Muhammad
Cost-Effective Telemetry For Energy Network Of An Electricity Distribution Company: Part I, Asim Zaheer Ud Din, Yasar Ayaz, Mian Ilyas Ahmad Ahmad, Momena Hasan, Salman Masaud, Naveed Muhammad
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
We present a novel application of radio frequency wireless mesh network and general packet radio service technologies in a telemetry solution to measure power flow in the energy network of an electricity distribution company. The telemetry solution utilizes some selected circuits of grid stations and calculates total power consumed, total power imported, and total power exported by the distribution company. The selection of circuits for sensors installation is the key for reducing solution cost as compared to the case when sensors are installed on all the power output points. The framework involves installation of specially developed energy sensors (smart energy …