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Defense Mechanism And Feeding Behavior Of Pteraster Tesselatus Ives (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), James Milton Nance

Theses and Dissertations

Pteraster tesselatus is noted for its external secretion of massive amounts of mucus. The mucus repels most animals, and fouls their respiratory physiology, if contact is maintained for any length of time. It provides protection essentially 100% of the time from Solaster dawsoni and Pycnopodia helianthoides, the only local stars that attempt to feed on Pteraster. The mucus, which is a simple mucopolysaccride, is produced in three different types of unicellular glands located in the epidermal tissues along the supradorsal membrane. Pores along the lateral walls of the ambulacral grooves provide fresh sea water for the dermal branchiae contained in …

Some Effects Of Model Status On The Reduction Of Anxiety, Barbara Jane Benner

Theses and Dissertations

Bandura and his colleagues have demonstrated that modeling techniques using fearless "mastery" models can be useful in helping clients overcome irrational fears (Bandura, Grusec and Menlove, 1967; Bandura and Menlove, 1968; Bandura, Blanchard and Ritter, 1969). Later, Meichenbaum (1971) found that initially fearful "coping" models who gradually overcome their fear are more effective than mastery models. However, research on the effects of model status has not investigated coping models. The present study attempted to discern how model status influences the effectiveness of coping models.

Thirty-two female Introduction to psychology students who reported themselves to be speech anxious were asked to …

The Cryptogamic Flora Of Desert Soil Crusts In Southern Utah, Davic C. Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

The cryptogamic flora of several soil crusts of arid regions in southern Utah was determined. Twenty-two lichens, Six mosses and fifty-four algal species were identified and their relative abundance estimated.

Endoparasites Of Cats In Two Central Utah Communities, Thomas W. Sawyer

Theses and Dissertations

A survey of the endoparasites of 100 stray cats in central Utah was conducted. Each cat was euthanized, and the entire alimentary tract, gall bladder, bile duct, heart, respiratory and excretory systems were excised and examined for endoparasites. Fecal samples were examined by a sugar flotation technique. Parasites identified and number of cats infected were: Isospora felis 5; I. rivolta, 4; Dipylidium caninum, 1; Hydatigera taeniaformis, 10; Toxocara mystax, 43; and Physaloptera sp., 2. One ectoparasite, Cheyletiella parasitivorax, was identified in the feces of 4 cats. Dipylidium caninum and T. mystax are known to cause accidental infection in humans and …

Distribution Of Relative Abundance Of Potential Prey Of Spotted Sandpipers (Actitis Macularia L.) On Little Pelican Island, Leech Lake, Cass Co., Minnesota, Donald Louis Rubbelke

Theses and Dissertations

Rot&ntiaJ p*ey Ite-ns ol spotted sandpipers (Actms macularia L.) were sampled during the summer ol 1974 on Little Pelican Island , Leech Lake# Cass County* Minnesota. Most abundant terrestrial food items were Dipitera of the families Chironomidae and Sciaridae. Most abundant aquatic organism# were cladocera, copepods, and amphipods of the class Eucrustaeaa. Three large hatches of insects occurred. The first, during the last week of May, was predominantly midges (Chironomidae). The second and the largest occurred during the last week of June and the first week of July. Mayflies (Heptageniidae and Ephemeridae) were most abundant and comprised the majority of …

Ecological Investigations In Cercocarpus Ledifolius Nutt. Communities Of Utah, James Newton Davis

Theses and Dissertations

Cercocarpus ledifolius communities of Utah were sampled to determine which measured environmental characters were influential in determining community structure and dynamics. Nineteen, one-tenth acre stands were sampled by 25 equally spaced .25m2 quadrats. Plant frequency, cover, density, height, diameter, age, elevation, slope and exposure were determined for curl-leaf mahogany within the study area. Soil depth and soil samples were analyzed for texture, pH and soluble salts. Curl-leaf mahogany is found almost entirely on arid rocky slopes, canyon ledges, and plateaus at relatively high elevations on all exposures. The soils were invariably shallow and slightly acidic with sandy loam soils being …

Correlations Between Plant Species Diversity And Flower Characteristics In The Wasatch Mountains Of Utah And Idaho, William Kent Ostler

Theses and Dissertations

An analysis of the relative abundance of the prevalent species in 25 major plant communities of the Wasatch Mountains demonstrates that variation in species diversity is significantly correlated with many floral characteristics. Wind pollinated flowers decrease in abundance while animal pollinated flowers increase along the diversity gradient. Both relationships are highly significant statistically. Color diversity and species diversity are significantly and positively correlated in open communities but are not correlated in forest communities. The percent sum frequency of yellow and pink-magenta flowers decreased with increasing species diversity while blue and whitish flowers increased. Also, zygomorphic flowers and flowers in which …

Modeling Studies Of Small Mammal Trapping Phenology, And Plant Succession In The Kaiparowits Region, Kane County, Utah, James A. Raines

Theses and Dissertations

This study makes use of simple statistical models which may be manipulated for projection of changes in the Kaiparowits Region of Southern Utah. A method of determining habitat preferences of small rodents from capture-recapture trapping data is proposed. It is suggested that some aspects of animal behavior regarding trapping may also be explained. Timing of flowering of Oryzopsis hymenoides and Hilaria jamesii as related to enviromental conditions was investigated, and models of the requisite conditions proposed. It is suggested that similar models may be used to describe the timing of other phenological events. Succession on disturbed sites is considered to …

Fixation Of Dormant Tilletia Teliospores For Thin Sectioning, John Scott Gardner

Theses and Dissertations

Dormant Tilletia caries teliospores in fixative solution or distilled water were frozen onto specimen chucks of an FTS Sorvall- Christensen frozen thin sectioner and cut or fractured at various temperatures (-20 to -75 C) and thickness settings (10, 15, 20, and 25 um). Cytoplasm of dormant spores was well preserved and organelles were found to differ from those of germinated spores in morphology. Irregular electron dense and electron opaque areas of lipid bodies were sometimes evident in dormant and germinating Tilletia caries teliospores. When dormant teliospores were sectioned in buffered fixative, lipids had an appearance similar to lipids in thin …

Differential Resource Utilization By The Sexes Of Dioecious Plants, Dwight Carl Freeman

Theses and Dissertations

The distribution of male and female plants was examined in five dioecious, wind pollinated species representing five plant families and two classes (gymnosperms and angiosperms). The arid to semiarid habitats occupied by these species in northern Utah were stratified for sampling into two categories: chronically xeric and seasonally moist. Results show that for all species, males prevail on xeric microsites, while females dominate the more moist parts of each local environment. Habitat partitioning between the sexes is a strategy that maximizes seedset of females and pollen dispersal of males; it also tends to minimize intraspecific competition between the sexes.

The Synthesis Of Analogs Of Toxoflavin And Fervenulin As Potential Antimetabolites, Bernadette Kuo Billings

Theses and Dissertations

The synthesis of analogs of toxoflavin: 1,3,4,6-tetramethyl-1,5,6, 7-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-c]-5,7-pyridazinedione; 1,6-dimethyl-3,4-diphenyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-c]-5,7-pyridazinedione; 3,5,7-trimethyl-8-phenyl-2,3,4,8-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-d]-2,4-pyrimidinedione are discussed. The synthesis of analogs of fervenulin: 3,4,6-trimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-c]-5,7-pyridazinedione; 6-methyl-3,4-diphenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-c]-5,7-pyridazinedione; 2-hydroxy-3,5,7-trimethyl-4(3H)pyrido[2,3-d]-2,4-pyrimidinone are discussed. Several intermediates have been prepared: 6 -methylamino-3-methyluracil by a new method; 6-n-propylamino-3-methyluracil: 6-n-butylamino-3-methyluracil and 3-ethyl-2-ethylthio-2-hydroxy-4(3H)pyrimidinone.

Effect Of Supplemental Food On Population Estimates And Mortality Rates Of Desert Rodents In Utah, J. Steven Thiriot

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this research is to assess the effects of various quantities of supplemental food (seed) on population estimates and mortality rates of desert rodents . The supplemental food is meant to stimulate natural vegetational productivity. If food availability significantly affects the population parameters methods of population estimators previously used may be in error. Hopefully this study will aid small mannnal research by designating whether, in part, population estimates and mortality rates are in error because of high vegetational productivity. The hypothesis of this study is that supplemental food in the natural environment decreases population estimates and mortality rates …

Influence Of A Dry Wash Habitat On Distribution And Movement Of Heteromyid Rodents, Jeffrey S. Green

Theses and Dissertations

Three heteromyid rodent species were studied in relation to a large dry wash in Millard County, Utah, during the summer, 1974. Data were gathered with three trapping grids and analyzed to determine if the dry wash influenced rodent movement and distribution patterns. Dipodomys ordii and Dipodomys microps were distributed non-randomly in the dry wash and adjacent habitat, but Perognathus Zongimembris seemed to be randomly distributed. Dipodomys ordii was significantly correlated with wash habitat, but D. microps was found most frequently in upland areas. Soil and vegetative differences and competition were possible causes for the observed distribution. The wash was observed …

Vegetational Response To Three Environmental Gradients In A Salt Playa Near Goshen, Utah County, Utah, Michael Grant Skougard

Theses and Dissertations

The plant communities and individual plant species in and around a salt playa near Goshen, Utah County, Utah were studied in relation to three environmental gradients. Forty-eight stands were sampled by means of meter square gradients. Frequency data for all participating plant species were taken. Soil samples were collected from each site and analyzed to establish the environmental gradients (i.e., total soluble salts, soil moisture and hydrogen ion concentration. Results indicate that community vegetation types respond differentially to the three gradients and can be segregated on the basis of one or more of the gradients. The total soluble salts gradient …

Phytoseiid Predators Of Mite Pests In Utah Apple Orchards, Vichitra Mongkolprasith

Theses and Dissertations

Recent efforts to integrate certain Phytoseiid predators in pest (mite) management programs for apples have been somewhat successful and economical in many fruit growing areas. Convenient descriptions and reviews of the literature for species which have been collected from the state are provided to stimulate further work with Utah Phytoseiids. Seven species of Amblyseius and five Typhlodromus are described and notes provided concerning their respective geographic distributions and biologies.

Tissue Chromium Levels :|Bautopsy Study In Diabetic And Non-Diabetic American (Pima) Indians, Leslie O. Hansen

Theses and Dissertations

Tissues (liver, spleen, pancreas, and aorta) and hair taken at autopsy from diabetic and non-diabetic southwestern Indians (mainly Pima) were analyzed for chromium (Cr) using flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The Cr levels in both tissues and hair from diabetic subjects were consistently lower than in those from non-diabetic individuals. There were so few individuals in each group that it was not possible to accurately correlate a given tissue either with any other tissues or hair.

The Comparative Toxicity Of Developmental Inhibitors And Organophosphates On Mosquitoes, Richard L. Orr

Theses and Dissertations

Four developmental inhibitors (Altosid, Altozar, ZR-619 and ZR-777) and two organophosphates (Parathion and Abate) were tested on Aedes aegypti under laboratory conditions. When applied to fourth-instar larvae, the organophosphates were more toxic than the developmental inhibitors. Concentrations required for standard kills (LC50 and LC95) were lower for Altosid and ZR-619 than for Altozar and ZR-777. Field applications of Altosid SR-10 controlled Culiseta inornata for two weeks at 4 ounces per acre. With the exception of Dolichopodidae, most non-target aquatic organisms showed little response to Altosid SR-10. Although the developmental inhibitors Altosid and ZR-619 require higher concentrations for mosquito control, they …

The Differential Effects Of Copper(Ii) Ion On Multifunctional Glucose-6-Phosphatase., William Thomas Johnson

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of Population Knowledge And Concern On Acceptable Family Sizes And Expected Family Size, Nancy Ross Hugo

Theses and Dissertations

This study focused on the influence of population knowledge and population concern on acceptable family sizes and expected family size. Analysis of the responses of 212 students in Introductory Sociology classes to a questionnaire survey revealed that the greater the student's population knowledge, the greater the degree of concern over population growth. Furthermore, the study revealed a stronger relationship between general knowledge of population processes and population concern than between specific knowledge of population sizes and growth rates and population concern.

Analysis of the relationship between population concern and acceptable family sizes revealed that the greater the degree of concern …

A Spectrophotofluorometric Analysis Of Serum Vitamin A Levels In A Defined Population, James Ronald Schroeder

Theses and Dissertations

The objectives of this thesis were to examine serum vitamin A levels in two defined populations. The method of analysis was a spectrophotofluorometric technique with a correction formula to account for interfering fluorescence from an identified carotenoid phytofluene (37).

The first population were infants at time of delivery. Infants were divided into two groups depending upon length of gestation. A premature group was identified as having a length of gestation of less than 36 weeks. Term infants were defined as 36 weeks or greater. The mean value of serum vitamin A of eight premature infants was 10.5 μg/100ml (S.E.M.+.78). The …

The Fur Trade In North Dakota And Its Economic Impact, Donald L. Gatlin

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Uterine Vascular Adaptations Providing For Embryonic Nutrition During Implantation In The Rat, Christopher A. Bates

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Computer Simulation Of Three Exercises To Calculate The Mechanical Work, Karen J. Eberhard

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Scanning Electron Microscopy Of Subarachnoid Macrophages In The Dog : Activation By Bacillus Calmette - Guerin (Bcg), Randall E. Merchant

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Scanning Electron Microscopy Of Epidermal Cell Migration In The Wound Healing Process Of The Adult Newt, N̲O̲T̲O̲P̲H̲T̲H̲A̲L̲M̲U̲S̲ V̲I̲R̲I̲D̲E̲S̲C̲E̲N̲S̲, Lillian A. Repesh

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Morphology Of Cartilage Canals In The Chick Proximal Tibial Epiphyseal Plate, Curtiss D. Hunt

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Foraminiferids Of The Cannonball Formation (Paleocene, Danian) In Western North Dakota, William E. Fenner

Theses and Dissertations

In 1974 and 1975 about 2800 samples (of which 265 contained foraminiferids) of the Cannonball Formation were collected from 60 water test wells and two oil wells in Adams, Bowman, Burleigh, Divide, Dunn, Grant, Mercer, Morton, Oliver, Sioux, and Ward Counties in western North Dakota. Fifty species of benthonic foraminiferids and four species of planktonic foraminiferids were identified including eight textulariines, two milio lines and 44 rotaliines. Taxa reported for the first time from the Can nonball include: Reophax sp. (2 species), Ammobaculites expansus Plummer, Spiroplectammina wilcoxensis Cushman and Ponton, Quinqueloculina plummerae Cushman and Todd, Dentalina eocenica Cushman, Lenticulina alabamensis …

Food Habits Of Northern Pike, Esox Lucius Linnaeus, Black Bullheads, Ictalurus Melas (Rafinesque), And White Bass, Morone Chrysops (Rafinesque), In Lake Ashtabula, North Dakota, Russell D. Ober

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Repair And Reorganization Of Minced Cardiac Muscle In Notophthalmus Viridescens, David M. Bader

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Populations Of Invertebrate Organisms And Their Consumption By Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri Richardson) And Walleye (Stizostedion Vitreum Mitchill) In Gravel Lake, Rolette County, North Dakota., Timothy Wacht Joseph

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.