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Articles 13951 - 13980 of 19641
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Role Of Two-Component System Response Regulators In Virulence Of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Tigr4 In Infective Endocarditis, My Trinh
Theses and Dissertations
Streptococci resident in the oral cavity have been linked to infective endocarditis (IE). While viridans streptococci are commonly studied and associated with IE, less research has been focused on Streptococcus pneumoniae. Two-component systems (TCSs), consisting of a histidine kinase (HK) protein and response regulator (RR) protein, are bacterial signaling systems that may mediate S. pneumoniae TIGR4 strain virulence in IE. To test this hypothesis, TCS RR mutants of TIGR4 were examined in vivo through use of rabbit models. There were 14 RR proteins identified and 13 RR mutants synthesized because SP_1227 was found to be essential. The requirement of the …
Determining The Effect Of Double-Stranded Rna Treatment In Ovarian Cancer, Charlotte Roberts
Determining The Effect Of Double-Stranded Rna Treatment In Ovarian Cancer, Charlotte Roberts
Theses and Dissertations
DETERMINING THE EFFECT OF DOUBLE-STRANDED RNA TREATMENT IN OVARIAN CANCER By Charlotte Faye Roberts, B.A. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Biochemistry at Virginia Commonwealth University.Virginia Commonwealth University, 2011Major Director: Jessica K. Bell, Ph.D.Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology. Epithelial ovarian cancer is a lethal gynecological malignancy. Due to its asymptomatic nature it is typically detected in the latter metastatic stages. Standard treatment protocol involves surgical cytoreduction, followed by a combination of taxane and platinum-based chemotherapeutics. Initially this treatment is successful however, most patients face recurring tumors …
Trends In Dental Care For Individuals With Ectodermal Dysplasia, Justin Edwards
Trends In Dental Care For Individuals With Ectodermal Dysplasia, Justin Edwards
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: The specific aim of this study is to evaluate the trends in dental health care for individuals with ectodermal dysplasia. Methods: This was a cross sectional analysis of subjects recruited through the National Foundation of Ectodermal Dysplasia (NFED). From 1997 to 2000, individuals with ectodermal dysplasia or their caregiver (if the individuals were too young to selfreport) voluntarily completed questionnaires. The questionnaire consisted of 37 items consisting of demographics, ectodermal dysplasia diagnosis, access to dental care, level of dental utilization, and type of dental services received. Descriptive statistics were used in addition to ANOVA analyses to evaluate the changing …
Distinguishing Between Homeless And Unstably Housed Men On Risk Factors For Homelessness, Valerie Holton
Distinguishing Between Homeless And Unstably Housed Men On Risk Factors For Homelessness, Valerie Holton
Theses and Dissertations
This study explored the risk factors for homelessness in single men, the largest group of people experiencing homelessness and a group about which little is known regarding their risks for homelessness. A case control design was used to differentiate risk factors between men who were homeless and men who were unstably housed. Risk factors included cumulative risk, negative life events, and demographic factors. Two models were tested using discriminant function analysis (DFA). The Cumulative Risk Model did not significantly differentiate between the two groups. However, the Negative Life Events Model yielded one discriminant function that significantly differentiated between the groups …
Experimental Study Of Liquid Squeeze-Flow As It Relates To Human Voice Production, Daniel Victor Lo Forte
Experimental Study Of Liquid Squeeze-Flow As It Relates To Human Voice Production, Daniel Victor Lo Forte
Theses and Dissertations
Approximately 7.5 million people suffer from voice disorders in the United States. Previous studies indicate that the quality of the fluid layer that coats the vocal folds appears to be different for people with voice disorders than for people whose voice is considered normal. These studies suggest that the composition and/or physical properties of the fluid layer may contribute to voice disorders. Despite these findings, little research has been undertaken to investigate the role of the fluid layer on voice, and in almost all cases, the fluid layer is considered to be insignificant. The purpose of this research was to …
Developmental Trajectories Of Physical And Relational Aggression And Their Relation To Delinquency And Substance Use In Adolescence, Denicia Titchner
Developmental Trajectories Of Physical And Relational Aggression And Their Relation To Delinquency And Substance Use In Adolescence, Denicia Titchner
Theses and Dissertations
Although researchers studying adolescent aggression have proposed a conceptual distinction between physical and relational aggression, there is contradictory evidence regarding the degree to which they differ in their trajectories and relations to other outcomes. This study explored the importance of differentiating between these two forms of aggression based on comparisons of their trajectories, relation with each other, impact on delinquency and substance use, and gender differences. Data were collected as part of the Multisite Violence Prevention Project, conducted at 19 middle schools from four sites with a predominantly low-income, minority sample of students (N = 2,822). Growth curves showed significant …
Assessment Of Diabetes Regimen Disease Care In Youth With Type 1 Diabetes Via The Diabetes Behavior Rating Scale And The 24-Hour Diabetes Interview, Kathryn Maher
Theses and Dissertations
The psychometric properties of two measures of diabetes disease care, the Diabetes Behavior Rating Scale (DBRS) and the 24-hr Diabetes Interview (24-hr) were evaluated. The 24-hr is a widely used, structured interview while the DBRS is a self-administered, fixed-choice questionnaire. Both measures were administered to 250 youth with Type 1 Diabetes (aged 11–14 years) and their parents. Overall, both measures demonstrate adequate psychometric properties. The DBRS and the 24-hr demonstrated good incremental validity and low convergent validity with each adding significant additive value. Both measures demonstrated good concurrent validity with HbA1c. As expected, scores on the 24-hr demonstrated less than …
Exploring The Functional Interaction Between Camk-Ii And P53, Raymond Lai
Exploring The Functional Interaction Between Camk-Ii And P53, Raymond Lai
Theses and Dissertations
Calcium (Ca2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase 2 (CaMK-II) is a multifunctional member of a family of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinases that respond to transient intracellular calcium signaling. CaMK-II has been reported to be involved with transcription regulation, cell motility, neuronal development, cell cycle regulation, and more recently early development of vertebrates (Easley et al., 2008; Rothschild et al., 2009; Francescatto et al., 2010). Through previous work in the lab using tandem mass spectrometry and “substrate-trapping mutants”, tumor suppressor protein 53 (p53) was identified as a novel CaMK-II binding partner in tissue culture. In this study, I sought to provide characterization of the functional …
The Role Of The Propeptide And Its Residues In Activation And Secretion Of Elastase, An M4 Metalloprotease Secreted By Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Emily Boice
Theses and Dissertations
Pseudomonas aeruginosa secretes several proteases associated with pathogenesis, but the most abundant and active is elastase (M4 metalloendopeptidase). Elastase (lasB), is first synthesized as a preproenzyme, with a signal peptide, an 18-kDa N-terminal propeptide, and a 33-kDa mature domain. The propeptide functions as an intramolecular chaperone that is required for the folding and secretion of elastase, but ultimately is proteolytically removed and degraded. Previous research has identified the conserved residues in the propeptide of elastase as compared to other M4 protease precursors and showed some among them to be important for the production of active elastase. In this project, the …
3d Functional Modeling Of Dbs Efficacy And Development Of Analytical Tools To Explore Functional Stn, Deepak Kumbhare
3d Functional Modeling Of Dbs Efficacy And Development Of Analytical Tools To Explore Functional Stn, Deepak Kumbhare
Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Exploring the brain for optimal locations for deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy is a challenging task, which can be facilitated by analysis of DBS efficacy in a large number of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores indicate the DBS efficacy of the corresponding stimulation location in a particular patient. The spatial distribution of these clinical scores can be used to construct a functional model which closely models the expected efficacy of stimulation in the region. Designs and Methods: In this study, different interpolation techniques were investigated that can appropriately model the DBS …
Parasitic Interiors, Michael Kanasink
Parasitic Interiors, Michael Kanasink
Theses and Dissertations
This project is an experiment in the adaptive reuse of an Art Deco style manufacturing facility in Richmond, VA. The building has fallen into disrepair and has been inhabited by two different owners over the years, but the structure remains very much as it did when it was erected in 1946. I will propose adapting to the defunct space, a forward thinking school based on hands-on, creative learning. This school will challenge accepted pedagogies and serve as an exapmple of future learning. I have always looked as adaptive reuse interior design as a parasitic form of designing. The new program …
Spatial Parameters In Therapeutic Spaces: Design Of A Residential Treatment Facility For Eating Disorder Patients, Sarah Beth Basinger
Spatial Parameters In Therapeutic Spaces: Design Of A Residential Treatment Facility For Eating Disorder Patients, Sarah Beth Basinger
Theses and Dissertations
Can the built environment positively influence the treatment of an eating disorder? Does the built environment play a role in the quality of care, the rehabilitation process and the lasting affects of treatment in eating disorders and if so, what role does it play? What are the important parameters to consider in designing such a space? Currently there are few facilities designed specifically for the treatment of this disorder. Of those facilities, there is a lack of research regarding the effects of the built environment. Therefore, the process of answering these questions must begin by assessing parameters in architectural precedents …
Electrophysiological Characterization Of Enteric Neurons Isolated From The Immortomouse, Edward G. Hawkins
Electrophysiological Characterization Of Enteric Neurons Isolated From The Immortomouse, Edward G. Hawkins
Theses and Dissertations
The availability of murine genetic models is extremely advantageous to studying gastrointestinal function, but the benefits afforded by studying enteric neurons in mice has been hindered by their accessibility. Fetal (E13) and 2 day post-natal (P2) enteric neuron cell lines (IM-FEN and IM-PEN, respectively) were recently developed from the H-2Kb-tsA58 immortomouse. Our goal was to identify the electrophysiological properties of these cell lines and clarify their utility as a model of enteric neurons. IM-PEN cells stained positively for the neuron specific markers βIII-tubulin and PGP9.5 and were negative for the glial cell marker S100. Detection of mRNA for TRPA1, TRPV1, …
Fifth Year Teacher Perceptions Of Induction Programs Upon Teacher Retention, Arleen Reinhardt
Fifth Year Teacher Perceptions Of Induction Programs Upon Teacher Retention, Arleen Reinhardt
Theses and Dissertations
Due to teacher shortages, school districts have offered incentives and alternative licensure programs. Recently, however, school districts have shifted the focus from recruitment to one of teacher retention which places an emphasis upon beginning teacher induction programs. These programs help teachers improve in their craft of teaching, help teachers remain satisfied with their jobs, help teachers enculturate into the districts in which they work, and help to improve student achievement. This quantitative study examined fifth year teachers’ perceptions of their induction programs in terms of teacher retention. The 280 eligible teachers from three different school districts were asked to participate …
On Things And Margins, Will Machin
On Things And Margins, Will Machin
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis is an exploration into an alternate ground for discourse. It is an exploration of the edges of the possibilities of words, the centers of margins, and the question of the lives of objects in this time of abundant cast-offs. The truths and limits of an emerging globalized multi-polarity of culture, are put in play. The secret lives of things are brought into the same room as words. The potential for radical landscape is considered.
Involvement Of P53 In The S-Phase Checkpoint During Nucleotide Deficiencies, Cortney Heyer
Involvement Of P53 In The S-Phase Checkpoint During Nucleotide Deficiencies, Cortney Heyer
Theses and Dissertations
Several classes of antimetabolites have been developed for the treatment of cancer, including numerous inhibitors of nucleotide biosynthesis. N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate (PALA) and hydroxyurea (HU) are two antimetabolites that inhibit nucleotide biosynthesis; PALA inhibits de novo pyrimidine synthesis and HU inhibits the conversion of ribonucleotide diphosphates to deoxyribonucleotide diphosphates. Due to the similar mechanisms, it was thought that cancer cells would respond similarly to HU and PALA treatment. However, studies in this dissertation revealed strikingly different responses to either HU or PALA treatment in HCT116 cells. A cytoprotective S-phase arrest was activated upon HU treatment while PALA treatment failed to activate the …
Adam10 Exacerbation Of Allergic Disease Is Potentially Explained By Its Role In Cd23 Exosomal Sorting., Joel Mathews
Adam10 Exacerbation Of Allergic Disease Is Potentially Explained By Its Role In Cd23 Exosomal Sorting., Joel Mathews
Theses and Dissertations
CD23, the natural negative regulator of IgE, has been shown to be involved in asthma progression through its regulation of IgE. To investigate if its sheddase, ADAM10, is also involved in asthma progression, three mouse models were utilized; an IgE/mast cell dependent model, an IgE dependent, mast cell independent model and a mast cell and IgE independent model. Experimental asthma was then induced in mice which were selectively deficient for ADAM10 in B cells (ADAM10-/-) and compared to WT controls. The ADAM-/- mice had decreased signs of asthma, including eosinophilia, AHR and IgE synthesis in the IgE dependent model compared …
Radiation Therapy Treatment Plan Optimization Accounting For Random And Systematic Patient Setup Uncertainties, Joseph Moore
Radiation Therapy Treatment Plan Optimization Accounting For Random And Systematic Patient Setup Uncertainties, Joseph Moore
Theses and Dissertations
External-beam radiotherapy is one of the primary methods for treating cancer. Typically a radiotherapy treatment course consists of radiation delivered to the patient in multiple daily treatment fractions over 6-8 weeks. Each fraction requires the patient to be aligned with the image acquired before the treatment course used in treatment planning. Unfortunately, patient alignment is not perfect and results in residual errors in patient setup. The standard technique for dealing with errors in patient setup is to expand the volume of the target by some margin to ensure the target receives the planned dose in the presence of setup errors. …
Wilms’ Tumor-1 (Wt1) Protein Expression In Glioma Cells Actuates Cellular Invasiveness- Identifying Its Target Genes, Archana Chidambaram
Wilms’ Tumor-1 (Wt1) Protein Expression In Glioma Cells Actuates Cellular Invasiveness- Identifying Its Target Genes, Archana Chidambaram
Theses and Dissertations
Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated the expression of WT1 in a significant number of glioma cells and established its role in promoting tumor cell proliferation. Here, we noted the effect(s) of manipulating WT1 levels on the expression levels of genes that were previously shown to be regulated by WT1. We found no correlation between the expression levels of WT1 and PDGF-A, Snai1 and E-cadherin and a consistent inverse correlation between WT1 and IGF-1R expression in U251-MG cells. To ascertain whether the increased IGF-1R levels resulting from WT1 silencing could account for decreased cellular proliferation, we utilized siRNA mediated knockdown …
Listeners' Ability To Identify The Gender Of Preadolescent Children Across Multiple Linguistic Contexts, Sharalee Ann Blunck
Listeners' Ability To Identify The Gender Of Preadolescent Children Across Multiple Linguistic Contexts, Sharalee Ann Blunck
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to determine whether 20 listeners could identify the gender of 10 preadolescent children from speech samples. An additional aim was to evaluate whether listeners identified children more accurately when listening to speech samples when more linguistic context was available. The listeners were presented with a total of 190 speech samples in four different categories of linguistic context: segments, words, sentences, and discourse. The listeners were instructed to listen to each speech sample and decide whether the speaker was a male or female. In addition, the listeners were instructed to rate their level of confidence …
The Effect Of A Treatment Program Utilizing A Humanoid Robot On Social Engagement Of Two Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Margaret Michele Maxfield
The Effect Of A Treatment Program Utilizing A Humanoid Robot On Social Engagement Of Two Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Margaret Michele Maxfield
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a robot (Troy) in a low-dose treatment protocol for two children with Autism Spectrum disorder. The efficacy of intervention was measured by comparing social engagement in two contexts: interactions with two adults and interaction with an unfamiliar adult. During the treatment, a robot was included in pseudo-triadic interactions with the clinician and the child. The robot was programmed to perform simple actions that imitated the actions of the clinician in an effort to engage the child. These pseudo-triadic interactions were incorporated into intervention over the course of a 16-session …
Joint Attention Interventions For Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: Caregiver And Child Actions And Transactions, Abigail Vo
Theses and Dissertations
Early intervention is a critical component of efforts to optimize outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and their families. One promising target for early intervention is joint attention, an early developing social-cognitive competency that is foundational to many other social, communicative, and cognitive skills; and a core deficit in children with ASD. While joint attention interventions are gaining interest among researchers, many are limited by their failure to situate joint attention development within the caregiver-child relationship and to adequately examine child and caregiver outcomes and transactional processes. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in child …
Differentiation Of Bacillus Endospores From Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Of Biomarkers Produced By Thermochemolysis Methylation, Tai Van Truong
Differentiation Of Bacillus Endospores From Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Of Biomarkers Produced By Thermochemolysis Methylation, Tai Van Truong
Theses and Dissertations
Methods for fast, simple detection of biomarkers to detect and differentiate closely related Bacillus endospores including Bacillus anthracis (BA), Bacillus thuringiensis (BT), Bacillus atrophaeus (BG), and Bacillus cereus (BC) using thermochemolysis and methylation (TCM), coiled wire filament (CWF), solid phase micro extraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were developed. The main biomarkers detected and used for differentiation include dipicolinic acid methyl ester (DPAME), fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), 3-methyl-2-butenoic acid methyl ester (3M2BAME), 2-butenoic acid methyl ester (2BAME), and several methylated sugars. TCM of endospores was performed based on hydrolysis and methylation at elevated temperature after the endospores were …
Environmental Implications Of Polymer Coated Urea, Joshua James Lemonte
Environmental Implications Of Polymer Coated Urea, Joshua James Lemonte
Theses and Dissertations
Nitrogen is an essential plant nutrient in the biosphere. Although N is necessary and beneficial for life, it is also a common pollutant in the atmosphere and hydrosphere as it may be lost to the atmosphere as ammonia (NH3) or nitrous oxide (N2O) gases or to groundwater as nitrate (NO3-) following fertilization. Polymer coated urea (PCU) is one type of N fertilizer which uses temperature-controlled diffusion to control N release to better match plant demand and mitigate environmental losses of N. The objectives of this project were to simultaneously compare the effects of PCU on gaseous (as N2O and NH3) …
Relations Between Violence Exposure, Threat Appraisal, And Coping Among Typologies Of Victimized Adolescents, Katherine Taylor
Relations Between Violence Exposure, Threat Appraisal, And Coping Among Typologies Of Victimized Adolescents, Katherine Taylor
Theses and Dissertations
According to the transactional theory of stress and coping, threat appraisals influence coping and adjustment. Previous research has shown that threat appraisals mediate relations between violence exposure and adjustment, but few studies have examined links between threat appraisals and coping. The current study examined relations between violence exposure, threat appraisals, and coping among typologies of victimized adolescents. The sample included 159 predominately African American adolescents (M = 12.1). Path analyses were used to test whether threats of negative evaluation by self and others mediated relations between violence exposure and avoidance and positive reframing coping, respectively. Results did not indicate mediation …
“That I Should Always Listen To My Body And Love It”: Finding The Mind-Body Connection In Nineteenth- And Twentieth-Century Slave Texts, Emily Stuart Watkins
“That I Should Always Listen To My Body And Love It”: Finding The Mind-Body Connection In Nineteenth- And Twentieth-Century Slave Texts, Emily Stuart Watkins
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis explores the presence of the movement theories of Irmgard Bartenieff, Peggy Hackney, and Rudolf Von Laban in the following texts: Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave. Written by Himself (1845), The History of Mary Prince: A West Indian Slave (1831), Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Written by Herself, Linda Brent (1861), Sherley Anne Williams’s Dessa Rose (1986) and Toni Morrison’s Beloved (1987). The terms and phrases of movement theory will be introduced to the contemporary critical discussion already surrounding the texts, both furthering and challenging existing arguments.
The Influence Of Perceptual Accuracy On Willingness To Seek Help Among College Freshmen, Kathryn Conley
The Influence Of Perceptual Accuracy On Willingness To Seek Help Among College Freshmen, Kathryn Conley
Theses and Dissertations
OBJECTIVE: The current study explored the applicability of the social norms approach to a new domain of study: psychological help-seeking. A number of questions that must be answered to determine whether the social norms model can be applied effectively to the help-seeking domain guided the study. METHOD: Data were collected from freshmen at five colleges and universities in the Mid-Atlantic region (N = 3021) during freshman orientation week. The study used a cross sectional design to examine personal attitudes and behaviors related to help-seeking as well as perceptions about others’ attitudes and behaviors related to help-seeking. RESULTS: Most participants reported …
Nanocomposite High Displacement Strain Gauges For Use In Human-Machine Interfaces: Applications In Hand Pose Determination, Thomas B. Calkins
Nanocomposite High Displacement Strain Gauges For Use In Human-Machine Interfaces: Applications In Hand Pose Determination, Thomas B. Calkins
Theses and Dissertations
Conductive nanocomposites are finding many uses as multi-functional materials. One recent development involves the creation of high displacement strain gauges, which have potential applications in a variety of engineering roles. The piezoresistive nature of the gauges makes possible their strain sensing capability. The intent of this research is to show that specific High Displacement Strain Gauges can successfully be used in one human-machine interface application that will demonstrate their potential for a range of other human-machine interface applications. This will be shown in the development of these sensors to accomplish hand pose determination. The flexible and inexpensive gauges are attached …
Modeling, Design, And Testing Of An Underwater Microactuation System Using A Standard Mems Foundry Process, Gregory L. Holst
Modeling, Design, And Testing Of An Underwater Microactuation System Using A Standard Mems Foundry Process, Gregory L. Holst
Theses and Dissertations
This work presents the modeling, design, and testing of an underwater microactuation system. It is composed of several thermomechanical in-plane microactuators (TIM) integrated with a ratchet system to provide long displacements and high forces to underwater microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). It is capable of actuating a 200µN load 110µm. It is a two-layer silicon MEMS device fabricated with a MEMS fabrication process, PolyMUMPS. This work also shows the development of an elliptic integral model to analyze the compliant fixed-guided beams in the TIM and gives new insight into the buckling behavior, reaction forces, and displacement of the beams. The derivation, verification, …
Dialogue In The Galleries: Developing A Tour About Contemporary Art For The Virginia Museum Of Fine Arts, Elizabeth Reilly-Brown
Dialogue In The Galleries: Developing A Tour About Contemporary Art For The Virginia Museum Of Fine Arts, Elizabeth Reilly-Brown
Theses and Dissertations
This museum thesis project considers the challenges involved in developing engaging museum tours. The purpose of this project was to develop a fifty-minute, guided gallery tour that uses inquiry-based instruction to engage participants in dialogue and critical thinking about artworks. The tour was designed specifically for the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (VMFA) in Richmond, Virginia, using artworks selected from the museum’s twenty-first-century art collection that relate to the theme hybridity. This project contributes to the museum studies field by exemplifying how gallery tours can stimulate active learning, encourage visitors to find meaning in artworks, and form their own conclusions …