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Towards The Characterization Of A Novel Thermohalophilic Antioxidant Thioredoxin From The Metagenome Of The Red Sea; Lcl Of Atlantis Ii Brine Pool, Mohamed Mohamed Gamal Abdelwahed
Towards The Characterization Of A Novel Thermohalophilic Antioxidant Thioredoxin From The Metagenome Of The Red Sea; Lcl Of Atlantis Ii Brine Pool, Mohamed Mohamed Gamal Abdelwahed
Theses and Dissertations
Due to the crucial antioxidant role of Thioredoxin (Trx) system in various vital cellular processes; DNA synthesis, oxidative stress defense, protein folding, apoptosis and cell growth, this fundamental system is widely expressed in mostly all life's kingdoms. Thus using metagenomic approaches to characterize novel Trx system in unexplored harsh environment will open the window for understanding the evolution of Trx system and its unique adaptation in extreme habitations. One of the unexplored unique ecosystems is the Red Sea's Atalntis II brine pool, specifically, the lower convective layer (LCL). The exceptional harsh conditions of the LCL; anoxic condition, high temperature around …
The Impact Of Nutrition And Feeding Time On The Regulation Of Gene Expression In The Central Circadian Clock Of Drsosophila Melanogaster, Arwa Diab
Theses and Dissertations
The circadian clock plays an essential role in most organisms by allowing their adaptation to the daily environmental changes mainly light/dark cycles and also temperature. Circadian rhythms persist in constant conditions indicating an auto regulatory molecular circadian clock. Here, we investigated the possibility that the circadian clock of Drosophila can also be entrained by scheduled feeding. Cycles of 12 hours feeding and 12 hours starvation could entrain the molecular circadian oscillation in key pacemaker neurons of Drosophila. Clock proteins CLOCK (CLK) and PERIOD (PER) showed a 24 hour oscillation in the small and large ventral lateral neurons after entrainment by …
A Method Of Correction For The Effect Of Optical Traps In Equilibrium Microrheology Experiments, Elhassan Elsabry
A Method Of Correction For The Effect Of Optical Traps In Equilibrium Microrheology Experiments, Elhassan Elsabry
Theses and Dissertations
Optically trapped dielectric particles experience a linear restoring force due to the trapping laser beam for small displacements of the trapped beads from the center of the optical trap. The optical force adds an apparent contribution to the measured shear elastic modulus of the solution in microrheology experiments. Traditional methods of correcting for the effect of the trap and obtaining the true shear elastic modulus of the solution involved taking measurements in separate purely viscous solutions using similar but not identical trapped beads under the same experimental conditions. A new method is proposed in this research to do this correction. …
The Sisters Of The Muslim Brotherhood: Islamic Activism For Better Or For Worse, Amira Elserafy
The Sisters Of The Muslim Brotherhood: Islamic Activism For Better Or For Worse, Amira Elserafy
Theses and Dissertations
This study is meant to tell the story of the Muslim Brotherhood Sisters (Al-Akhawat Al-Muslimat) in urban Cairo, Egypt. It mainly attempts to answer two questions: (1) what motivates the Sisters’ Islamic activism within the Brotherhood and within the Egyptian society at large despite its huge risks? (2) how do they (re)construct, contest and relate to the gender ideology of the Muslim Brotherhood? Relying on ethnographic fieldwork, this study explores the ways through which the Sisters of the Muslim Brotherhood conceptualize their engagement in Islamist politics amid the crackdown of 2013. Through examining the Muslim Brotherhood’s contexts, contention repertoires and …
Divalent Copper Compounds As Inhibitory Agents Of Influenza A, Nathan Allan Gordon
Divalent Copper Compounds As Inhibitory Agents Of Influenza A, Nathan Allan Gordon
Theses and Dissertations
Influenza A virus (IAV) exhibits a high mutation frequency. Mutations in primary viral targets such as hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, and the proton channel M2 have afforded IAV with substantial drug resistance to previously effective drugs such as oseltamivir and amantadine (AMT) along with their analogs. One of the main drug-resistant alterations in the M2 protein that has become ubiquitous is the mutation S31N. Divalent copper has previously been suggested to have anti-IAV properties using in vitro assays involving Xenopus oocytes and SSNMR. In this work, the EC50 of AMT, two AMT analogs, CuCl2 · 2H2O, and four …
Analysis Of Nucleosome Mobility, Fragility, And Recovery: From Embryonic Stem Cells To Invitrosomes, Ashley Nicolle Wright
Analysis Of Nucleosome Mobility, Fragility, And Recovery: From Embryonic Stem Cells To Invitrosomes, Ashley Nicolle Wright
Theses and Dissertations
Several factors direct the placement of specific nucleosomes, which in turn have the ability to regulate DNA accessibility. These factors include, but are not limited to, nucleotide sequence preference, nucleotide modifications, the type of histones present within the nucleosome, and the presence of additional transcription factor or chromatin remodelers. A combination of these and other factors are responsible for tightly controlled efficient transcription within the eukaryotic cell. In order to contribute to the understanding of these complicated processes, three separate hypothesis-driven investigations were carried out. First, we looked into nucleosome positioning and phasing within closely related cells lines. Second, we …
Participation Of 414dddd417 And 432kpar435 In The Thermostability Of Mercuric Reductase Isolated From The Deep Brine Environment Of Atlantis Ii In The Red Sea, Ayman Eid
Theses and Dissertations
Mercuric reductase (MerA) is an essential enzyme for the survival of microorganisms that reside in environments containing mercuric compounds. The enzyme converts the extremely toxic mercuric ions (Hg2+) into the less toxic volatile elemental mercury form (Hg0). A novel MerA molecule that has undergone multiple evolutionary adaptations to allow its host to cope with the harsh multiple abiotic stressors of the lower convective layer (LCL) of the Atlantis II (ATII) brine environment in the Red Sea has been recently characterized catalytically and structurally (JBC, 2014, 289,1675–1687). The brine pool at Atlantis II Deep covers an area of about 60 km2 …
Identification Of Drug Leads Against Hcv And Malaria Using Different Target Proteins, Reem Al Olaby
Identification Of Drug Leads Against Hcv And Malaria Using Different Target Proteins, Reem Al Olaby
Theses and Dissertations
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infects 170 million individuals worldwide. Although several newly FDA approved drugs targeting the HCV serine protease and polymerase have shown promising results, there is a need for better drugs that are effective in treating all HCV genotypes and subtypes to be used in an interferon-free regimen. On the other hand, malaria is another public health burden that causes 219 million clinical episodes, and 660,000 deaths per year. In addition, 3.3 billion people live in areas at risk of malaria transmission in 106 countries. It is alarming that 86% of deaths caused by malaria globally were in …
Beyond The Rhetoric Promises Of The Egyptian Sexual Harassment Law: A Study Of The Relationship Between Law And Domination, Nihal Mostafa Abdel Akher
Beyond The Rhetoric Promises Of The Egyptian Sexual Harassment Law: A Study Of The Relationship Between Law And Domination, Nihal Mostafa Abdel Akher
Theses and Dissertations
After decades of male supremacy, it is not surprising to find that social institutions, including the government and the legal system, have a role in maintaining and reproducing the established order of domination. This study seeks to understand the relationship of law to domination. It argues that law serves the dominant society in two ways. The first is that law legitimates power of the established order, relations of domination, and itself. This happens when the practice of law reinforces the established order of domination while maintaining its own principle of fairness. This means that law proclaims a deceitful image of …
Invisible Contributors In The Economy: The Case Of Domestic Workers In Egypt, Noha Saad Zaghloul
Invisible Contributors In The Economy: The Case Of Domestic Workers In Egypt, Noha Saad Zaghloul
Theses and Dissertations
This research aims to explore the multidimensional problem of Domestic Workers in Egypt. Domestic Workers in Egypt lack the necessary legal protection, which in turn reflects on the absence of all forms of social protection for them and their families. In addition, the social stigma associated with the profession contributes to the violations against the workers of this sector who are mostly women coming mainly from low-socio economic backgrounds. This research focuses on women Domestic Workers, who live in slum communities in Cairo, many of whom are rural-urban migrants. It explores their challenges and their survival techniques used to face …
Separation, Regulation, And Bio-Power In The West Bank, Farah Najjar
Separation, Regulation, And Bio-Power In The West Bank, Farah Najjar
Theses and Dissertations
Since the establishment of the Palestinian Authority in 1993 following the Oslo Accords, Israel supposedly handed its duties of safeguarding the economic and social interests of the West Bank’s Palestinian population to the Palestinian Authority. In doing so, it allegedly followed a separation strategy and granted the Palestinian people the right to self-determination by allowing them to govern themselves. This essay uses Foucault’s ideas on power and governmentality to investigate whether Israel has truly ceased governing the Palestinian population and whether the PA is properly equipped to serve as a state apparatus. The essay’s central thesis is that, despite the …
Cathy Trask, Monstrosity, And Gender-Based Fears In John Steinbeck’S East Of Eden, Claire Warnick
Cathy Trask, Monstrosity, And Gender-Based Fears In John Steinbeck’S East Of Eden, Claire Warnick
Theses and Dissertations
In recent years, the concept of monstrosity has received renewed attention by literary critics. Much of this criticism has focused on horror texts and other texts that depict supernatural monsters. However, the way that monster theory explores the connection between specific cultures and their monsters illuminates not only our understanding of horror texts, but also our understanding of any significant cultural artwork. Applying monster theory to non-horror texts is a useful and productive way to more fully understand the cultural fears of a society. One text that is particularly fruitful to explore in this context is John Steinbeck’s 1952 novel, …
The Impact Of Relationship Functioning On Cortisol In Married Couples: A Dyadic Exploration Of Sleep As A Potential Mediator, Benjamin D. Clark
The Impact Of Relationship Functioning On Cortisol In Married Couples: A Dyadic Exploration Of Sleep As A Potential Mediator, Benjamin D. Clark
Theses and Dissertations
Relationship functioning in couples has been linked to numerous health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between 1) marital functioning and sleep dimensions, 2) marital functioning and cortisol, and 3) sleep dimensions and cortisol. The sample consisted of 108 heterosexual, married couples and was part of a larger marital intervention study. As predicted, poor marital functioning was related to negative sleep outcomes. However, these effects were only significant for wives. There was also evidence to suggest that poor marital functioning was associated with increased cortisol levels in husbands. These effects were independent of age and …
The Effects Of Cold Adaptation On The Growth And Development Of The Neandertal Cranial Base, Sarah Caldwell
The Effects Of Cold Adaptation On The Growth And Development Of The Neandertal Cranial Base, Sarah Caldwell
Theses and Dissertations
Neandertals and modern humans possess very different craniofacial shapes. Some recent work has attributed these contrasting shapes specifically to differences in brain development, which are extrapolated to mean differences in cognitive function. However, this may not necessarily be the case. In this paper, it is suggested that a size increase in the cranial base and rapid cranial growth are due not to cognitive differences, but environmental factors, specifically Neandertal adaptation to cold. Adaptation to cold would not only explain the more rapid growth of the Neandertal cranium, but also elongation of the cranial base via elongation of the nasopharynx for …
Roles Of Seed Dispersal And Environmental Filters In Establishment Of The Dominant Shrubs: Morella Cerifera And M. Pensylvanica, On An Atlantic Barrier Island, Benjamin Dows
Theses and Dissertations
Patterns of the expansion of woody cover into grasslands on barrier islands of the Virginia coast were investigated. Seed dispersal of the dominant shrub Morella spp., was sampled deploying seed traps (n = 82) throughout a landscape under shrub encroachment pressure on Hog Island, VA. Traps were placed underneath: fruiting Morella, non-fruiting Morella, co-occurring species (Iva frutescens and Baccharis halimifolia) and in grass land, (no shrub cover). Environmental filters that act upon dispersed seeds and subsequently determine establishment patterns were also investigated. Dispersal distribution throughout the encroachment zone was leptokurtic and dispersal among cover types suggest co-occurring shrub species facilitate …
Structural Approaches For Targeted Therapy, Somdutta Saha
Structural Approaches For Targeted Therapy, Somdutta Saha
Theses and Dissertations
Tumor associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) are a class of glycans with important structural and signaling functions playing a major role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis relevant to oncology. Tumor cells expressing TACAs influence prognosis and survival of cancer patients. We have used structure-based approaches to study antigen-antibody interactions in the tumor micro-environment and designed a peptidyl ligand that mimics the molecular topology of TACAs even though they are chemically dissimilar but functionally equivalent molecular structures. The work on antibody-TACA interactions suggests that in designing antibodies, careful consideration should be made in using mutations that enhance the rigidity of an …
Development Of The Tocoflexols: A New Kind Of Tocotrienol Analogues With Enhanced Bioavailability, Awantika Singh
Development Of The Tocoflexols: A New Kind Of Tocotrienol Analogues With Enhanced Bioavailability, Awantika Singh
Theses and Dissertations
Vitamin E is composed of two series of closely related compounds, tocopherols and tocotrienols, which show a widely varying degree of biological effectiveness. In recent years, the tocotrienols have gained considerable attention because of their beneficial effects in areas such as cholesterol reduction, neuroprotection, radiation protection and cancer treatment and prevention. Unfortunately, the potential of the tocotrienols has been hampered because their short circulation half-life that limits their bioavailability. The short circulation half-life of the tocotrienols is related to their low affinity for the &alpha,-tocopherol transfer protein, the protein responsible for maintaining the plasma level of the vitamin E. Tocotrienols …
The Abstraction Of Toys, Dan Ruben Thornhill
The Abstraction Of Toys, Dan Ruben Thornhill
Theses and Dissertations
painting style. The toys depicted in the paintings were used at on time by my two grandchildren, Kaylee Smith and Brennan Thornhill, and serve as inspiration for this body of work. These compositions are based on direct observations of the toys used in this series, and relate to abstraction as defined in this thesis as simplification, distortion, exaggeration, invention, and erasure. The works that date later in the series fall under this definition. My work draws heavily upon Pablo Picasso and is influenced by his use of abstraction. The series tries to capture the essence of the toys and evoke …
Change Blindness And The Relationship Of College Students With Different Majors, Samuel Friedman
Change Blindness And The Relationship Of College Students With Different Majors, Samuel Friedman
Theses and Dissertations
Change blindness is defined as a psychological phenomenon that occurs when a change in a visual stimulus goes unnoticed by the observer (Boundless, 2013). Change blindness can be any change in one's visual field and occurs due to the lack of attention or obstruction in one's visual field. A variety of factors influence change blindness, and gender became a major part to research. The purpose of this study was to study the influence of gender on change blindness and the relationship to college students' majors. Past research has shown us that females tend to be more visually detailed than males. …
Use Of Carbon Dioxide (Co2) And Its Congeners For The Synthesis Of Small Value Added Chemicals Utilizing Chlorostannoxane Catalysts, Sharon Pulla
Theses and Dissertations
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is an abundant, environmentally benign and renewable source of carbon. Use of CO2 may potentially end the use of other toxic C1 synthons, such as phosgene, carbon monoxide, and isocyanate. However, the extreme inertness of CO2 presents great difficulty for its use in organic synthesis. In Chapter 3, the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from corresponding epoxides under low pressures of CO2 (300 psi), relatively mild temperature (130 oC) using chlorostannoxane catalysts is discussed. Activities of the catalysts have been optimized in the pressure range of 100-700 psi, temperature range of 100-130 oC, with reference to propylene oxide. …
Localization And Functional Analysis Of Dictyostelium Discoideum Gtpases, Rabs And Rab2, Katherine V. Maringer
Localization And Functional Analysis Of Dictyostelium Discoideum Gtpases, Rabs And Rab2, Katherine V. Maringer
Theses and Dissertations
Dictyostelium discoideum is a simple eukaryotic amoeba that has proven useful in studying various aspects of endosomal and lysosomal membrane trafficking, as well as development. The Rab family of small molecular weight GTPases has been implemented in several cellular processes to include various vesicle trafficking roles, cell-cell signaling, and development. This study focuses on the localization and function of two Dictyostelium GTPases, RabS, and Rab2 which we hypothesized to both localize to the Golgi, and the contractile vacuole system. Expression of GFP-tagged DdRab2, and DdRabS proteins revealed similar localization to ER-Golgi membranes as well as the contractile vacuole system. Microscopic …
Geophysical Applications For Levee Assessment, Hussein Khalefa Chlaib
Geophysical Applications For Levee Assessment, Hussein Khalefa Chlaib
Theses and Dissertations
Levees are important engineering structures that build along the rivers to protect the human lives and shield the communities as well as agriculture lands from the high water level events. Animal burrows, subsurface cavities, and low density (high permeability) zones are weakness features within the levee body that increase its risk of failure. To prevent such failure, continuous monitoring of the structure integrity and early detection of the weakness features must be conducted. Application of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Capacitively Coupled Resistivity (CCR) methods were found to be very effective in assessing the levees and detect zones of weakness …
Constructive Vs. Destructive Anger: A Model And Three Pathways For The Expression Of Anger, Kierea Chanelle Meloy
Constructive Vs. Destructive Anger: A Model And Three Pathways For The Expression Of Anger, Kierea Chanelle Meloy
Theses and Dissertations
Anger is a significant human emotion, the management of which has far reaching implications for individual and relationship well-being. Yet there is a deficit in the clinical literature regarding the best ways to conceptualize and respond to anger (Saini, 2009). We offer a model of anger which therapists can use to help discriminate healing from harmful manifestations of anger, and which therapists can use in developing interventions for reshaping destructive anger toward constructive anger. We are specifically addressing anger in response to offense, or transactional anger which arises at points of friction in the interface between two people in a …
Reducing Infant Mortality To Reach Millennium Development Goal 4, Hayley Marie Pierce
Reducing Infant Mortality To Reach Millennium Development Goal 4, Hayley Marie Pierce
Theses and Dissertations
The World Health Organization (WHO) found that 6.6 million children under five died in 2012 (WHO 2013). Almost half of all of these child deaths take place in the first month of life, and 75% of all under five deaths occur within the child's first year of life (WHO 2013). The aim of this study is to compare the most influential factors that decrease infant and neonatal mortality in order to find where policy makers, governments, and international organizations need to focus their efforts in order to get all countries on track for Millennium Development Goal 4 to reduce child …
Latino Emergent Bilingual Students' Experiences With The Middle School Transition, Kerry Pecho
Latino Emergent Bilingual Students' Experiences With The Middle School Transition, Kerry Pecho
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis reports the findings of a qualitative study that examined how Latino emergent bilingual students anticipate and experience the transition from a bilingual elementary school program to middle school. Sixth, seventh, and eighth grade students who were native Spanish-speakers participated in focus group discussions. Overall, participants described positive transition experiences, and much of the content was not unique to these students (e.g., feeling nervous, looking forward to more activities). Other content, though, revealed transition experiences that may be unique to this population (e.g., dramatic shift in ethnic and linguistic backgrounds of peers). Participants' responses suggested that they experience a …
Characterization Of Secondhand Smoke (Shs) And Materno-Fetal Interactions In Receptors For Advanced Glycation End-Products (Rage)-Targeted Mice, Duane Ray Winden
Characterization Of Secondhand Smoke (Shs) And Materno-Fetal Interactions In Receptors For Advanced Glycation End-Products (Rage)-Targeted Mice, Duane Ray Winden
Theses and Dissertations
Receptors for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) are pattern recognition receptors of the immunoglobulin superfamily highly expressed in the lung. Likely functions include the modulation of pulmonary inflammation during disease. However, the contributions of RAGE in the developing lung in cases where secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure occurs are unknown. In order to test the hypothesis that RAGE misexpression adversely affects lung morphogenesis, we exposed gestating dams to a controlled dose of SHS during the last four critical days of in utero lung morphogenesis. We discovered that both maternal and fetal lungs respond to SHS by up-regulating RAGE. Exposed fetuses were markedly …
The Role Of Otolin-1 In Cardiac Matrix Remodeling Following Myocardial Infarction, Courtney Anne Cates
The Role Of Otolin-1 In Cardiac Matrix Remodeling Following Myocardial Infarction, Courtney Anne Cates
Theses and Dissertations
Otolin-1 is a collagenous, C1q domain-containing extracellular matrix protein that has been identified and characterized in the inner ear. Recently, mass spectrometry analysis of left ventricular cardiac tissue detected a peptide of Otolin-1. Experimental analysis confirms Otolin-1 is an insoluble protein present in the left ventricular extracellular matrix whose expression decreases dramatically post-myocardial infarction beginning at day 5 post-MI. The protein is localized to the gap junctions of cardiac myocytes, and depletion of protein levels in the infarcted region of the left ventricle shows strong association with ventricular dimensions, observed via echocardiography.
Evaluation Of Management Practices To Mitigate Lodging For 'Cl151' Rice (Oryza Sativa L.), Jennifer Leann Corbin
Evaluation Of Management Practices To Mitigate Lodging For 'Cl151' Rice (Oryza Sativa L.), Jennifer Leann Corbin
Theses and Dissertations
‘CL151’ a Clearfield long-grain rice cultivar, was released in 2008, based upon excellent agronomic characteristics, including excellent yield and moderately resistant rating for lodging. Further experience has indicated it’s susceptibility to lodging. Lodging can reduce harvest efficiency, yield, and cause grain quality loss. The purpose of this research was to evaluate multiple management practices such as nitrogen rates and timings, seeding rate, trinexapac-ethyl application, potassium, and fungicide application to mitigate lodging for CL151. The results of this research indicate that N rate and application timing largely influence lodging incidence and grain yield. Fungicide application decreased, but did not eliminate lodging, …
Bahamian Quaternary Geology And The Global Carbon Budget, Erik Bond Larson
Bahamian Quaternary Geology And The Global Carbon Budget, Erik Bond Larson
Theses and Dissertations
Sea-level change during the Quaternary has had significant impacts on the geology of the Bahamas and the global carbon budget. During periods of low sea-level position conduit caves form in the Bahamas as a function of their respective water budgets. These conduit caves can then collapse and if this collapse reaches the surface a progradational collapse blue hole can be made. Upon subsequent sea-level rise these blue holes can become sediment inilled. Tidal pumping through these sedimentilled blue holes can result in the formation of whitings. Whitings are formed when the tidally pushed water warms and degasses CO2, driving the …
Biomass Gasification: Catalytic Steam Reforming Of Tars Using Nickel Supported Zeolites And Montmorillonite, Prashanth R. Buchireddy
Biomass Gasification: Catalytic Steam Reforming Of Tars Using Nickel Supported Zeolites And Montmorillonite, Prashanth R. Buchireddy
Theses and Dissertations
Tars have been identified as one of the major impurities associated with the utilization of biomass gasification fuel gas. Tars may result in blockages, plugging, corrosion and catalyst deactivation, leading to serious operational and maintenance problems during biomass gasification. Therefore, tar removal is essential to insure economic and effective fuel gas utilization. This study investigates the catalytic activity of zeolites, and nickel-supported zeolites for tar removal. Tests were conducted using a bench scale reactor and naphthalene as a model tar compound. Zeolites with varying pore sizes and acidity were tested to evaluate the effect of pore size and acidity on …