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Prekindergarten Teachers’ Perceptions Of Their Role In Language Development In Play, Lena N. Cosme Jan 2024

Prekindergarten Teachers’ Perceptions Of Their Role In Language Development In Play, Lena N. Cosme

Theses and Dissertations

This study was designed to develop a deeper understanding of prekindergarten teachers’ perceptions, beliefs, and understandings of their role in language development in supporting language development through play. Purposive sampling was used to gather a sample of 12 prekindergarten teachers who taught in classrooms worldwide. The study was guided by a qualitative research design and data were collected through semi- structured interviews. The conceptual framework that underpinned this study was based on Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory and Jerome Bruner’s theory of play. Six themes emerged from the data analysis: (a) play and language go hand in hand, (b) how I see …


A Longitudinal Examination Of The Relations Between Racial Discrimination And Executive Function, Aldona Chorzepa Jan 2024

A Longitudinal Examination Of The Relations Between Racial Discrimination And Executive Function, Aldona Chorzepa

Theses and Dissertations

Discrimination has been linked to changes in executive function. This relationship may explain links between discrimination and adverse health and mental health outcomes, including depression, substance use, and health behavior. To date, the research examining this question has been limited, as the majority of studies reviewed employed experimental manipulations for discrimination exposure and tested acute same-day effects in the lab. Clarifying the extent to which exposure to discrimination impacts executive function over time in young adults is crucial to identifying opportunities for intervention. The current study evaluates the relations of both recent and lifetime exposure to racial discrimination to three …


Closing The Gap In Performing Music Ensembles: A Study To Examine Barriers Of Access To Equitable Participation, Caitlin Hale Jan 2024

Closing The Gap In Performing Music Ensembles: A Study To Examine Barriers Of Access To Equitable Participation, Caitlin Hale

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the study was to determine if there is a significant difference in student participation in the music courses of band, chorus, orchestra, and general music as related to race/ethnicity, ELL status, and free and reduced lunch status. The participants in the study included 389 eighth-grade students from a suburban middle school in the northeastern United States, located near a major metropolitan city. The school district maintains a nationally recognized music program. The quantitative study used archival data including student music course selection, GPA at the end of 8th grade, and 9th grade music course selection, race/ethnicity of …


The Personal Journey Of Individuals Self-Disclosing Their Disability Status Within An Urban Postsecondary Environment, Nelson Carrillo Jan 2024

The Personal Journey Of Individuals Self-Disclosing Their Disability Status Within An Urban Postsecondary Environment, Nelson Carrillo

Theses and Dissertations

A qualitative narrative study was conducted on the personal journey of individuals self-disclosing their disability status within an urban postsecondary environment. The study was intended to uncover the personal journey of students with disabilities self-disclosing their disability status within an urban postsecondary environment. Through semi-structured interviews and targeted journal responses, it explored the students’ lived experiences of seeking out and using accommodations and the students’ perceptions of faculty members’ use of universal design for instruction and universal design for learning. The findings demonstrated that a community-based institution that values diversity among professors, faculty members, and students is an environment that …


Impact Of Implicit Racial Bias On Students Of African Descent In Predominately White Institutions, Edwin Mathieu Jan 2024

Impact Of Implicit Racial Bias On Students Of African Descent In Predominately White Institutions, Edwin Mathieu

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated how implicit racial bias influences the perceptions of students of African descent in predominately White colleges (PWIs) in the United States (U.S.). The theoretical framework for the study is critical race theory (CRT). CRT challenges racial indifference by exposing how racial advances often come at the cost of promoting or feeding into White self-interests (Patton et al., 2007). This non-experimental quantitative study examined how GPA, the number of credits earned, gender, race, and campus culture impact students of African descent’s perceptions of culturally implicit racial bias. It used Asian, Hispanic, and White students as a comparison group. …


Molecular Dynamics Study Of Alpha-Synuclein Repeat Mutations And Sars-Cov-2 Nucleocapsid Linker Phosphorylation, Coby Yeung Jan 2024

Molecular Dynamics Study Of Alpha-Synuclein Repeat Mutations And Sars-Cov-2 Nucleocapsid Linker Phosphorylation, Coby Yeung

Theses and Dissertations

The study aimed to utilize molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to investigate intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) molecules and regions, focusing on IDPs such as alpha-synuclein and the SAR-CoV-2 nucleocapsid linker segment and their variants. Methodologically, the research employed MD simulation with implicit solvent methods, GaMD enhanced sampling, Python-based analysis, and VMD visualization. The study's significance lies in revealing structural dynamics insights of IDP regions. Key findings include the average structures of target sequences from k-means clustering analysis. The impact of mutations in alpha-synuclein KTKEGV repeat mutations is also revealed. Mutations introducing hydrophobic residues, like KGV and KLK, increased surface hydrophobicity, with …


Practice Patterns And Medical Provider Perceptions Of Ketamine In The Treatment Of Psychiatric Disorders: A Nationwide Survey, Amna M. Aslam Jan 2024

Practice Patterns And Medical Provider Perceptions Of Ketamine In The Treatment Of Psychiatric Disorders: A Nationwide Survey, Amna M. Aslam

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) significantly impacts society, with a prevalence of 8.4% in the U.S., highlighting the need for effective treatments for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Ketamine, while not FDA-approved for TRD, shows promise in treating mental health disorders and is used in specialized clinics, though evidence of effectiveness is scarce. Objectives: This study investigates the use of off-label ketamine for TRD and other disorders, focusing on ketamine clinic operations where the drug is administered, treatment methods, patient characteristics, and ketamine's impact on psychiatric care, from providers' perspectives. Methods: The survey was distributed to over 1,000 ketamine providers across the …


Using The Theory Of Planned Behavior To Explore College Students’ Perceptions Towards Understanding Their Health Insurance, Ariba Sheikh Jan 2024

Using The Theory Of Planned Behavior To Explore College Students’ Perceptions Towards Understanding Their Health Insurance, Ariba Sheikh

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore college students’ perceptions towards understanding their health insurance. Specific objectives were to explore students’ attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control toward understanding their health insurance, and to examine how these three factors impact students’ intention to seek health insurance information. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 400 participants using a paper and pencil survey method. Study participants consisted of undergraduate students at St. John’s University who were capable of reading and understanding English. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was used as the conceptual framework. Descriptive statistics were performed …


Change In Rape Myth Acceptance As A Function Of Sexual Assault Experiences: A Prospective Analysis, Danielle Suzanne Citera Jan 2024

Change In Rape Myth Acceptance As A Function Of Sexual Assault Experiences: A Prospective Analysis, Danielle Suzanne Citera

Theses and Dissertations

In the United States, one in five women reports experiencing sexual assault while in college. Rape myths, or stereotypical beliefs that serve to blame survivors (i.e., “She Asked For It” and “She Lied”) and exonerate sexual assault perpetrators (“He Didn’t Mean To”), may influence how women conceptualize their own sexual assault experiences and relatedly, their post-assault functioning. Several demographic characteristics, including race and ethnicity, generational status, education level, sexual orientation, and religiosity, have been found to be associated with rape myth acceptance (RMA). Researchers have reported mixed findings, however, regarding the association between sexual assault history and RMA. This study …


Coping With The Covid-19 Pandemic: Examining Meaning-Making In A Socioecological Framework, Emilia Eva Mikrut Jan 2024

Coping With The Covid-19 Pandemic: Examining Meaning-Making In A Socioecological Framework, Emilia Eva Mikrut

Theses and Dissertations

During 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic emerged as a threatening, unpredictable, and uncontrollable stressor. Meaning-making, or one’s ability to make sense of a stressful life event, integrate the event into one’s narrative of the world and meaning in life, and accordingly revise life goals, is a salient intrapsychic process contributing to psychological adjustment in the face of very stressful or traumatic experiences such as chronic health issues, interpersonal grief, and natural and man-made disasters. Early findings provide evidence for the critical role of meaning-making in coping with stressors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Though meaning-making is a universal process, one’s capacity …


Association Between Caregiver And Child Symptom Change In Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Tohar Scheininger Jan 2024

Association Between Caregiver And Child Symptom Change In Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Tohar Scheininger

Theses and Dissertations

Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) is one of the most empirically supported interventions for treating children’s posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and other behavior problems. Caregivers are involved in treatment and improve in their own symptoms during TF-CBT. Research suggests that caregivers’ and children’s outcomes may be interrelated in trauma-focused interventions, and that children’s posttraumatic stress is mediated by decreases in caregivers internalizing symptomatology. There are numerous limitations to existing literature, including the limited direction of the mediations and the consideration of only internalizing symptoms in mediations. This study aimed to prospectively examine how changes in caregivers’ negative affectivity mediate changes in …


Paresthesia Due To Peripheral Neuropathy: Anxiety And Wellbeing, Nikolas Cirillo Jan 2024

Paresthesia Due To Peripheral Neuropathy: Anxiety And Wellbeing, Nikolas Cirillo

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: Neuropathic pain has been linked with mental health concerns such as anxiety and wellbeing, but specific symptoms of neuropathic pain have had much less attention than the construct as a whole. Paresthesia, meaning “abnormal sensation” (tingling, numbness, pins and needles, impaired sensation, and itching) is a neuropathic pain symptom. Tissue compression is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy (PN) as well as paresthesia. This study aimed to test the following hypotheses: (1) if paresthesia due to PN is positively correlated with anxiety, negatively correlated with wellbeing, and if (2) anxiety and (3) wellbeing varied significantly by level of …


Pharmacokinetic Modeling Of Metonitazene And Isotonitazene Using In Vitro And In Vivo Models And Comparison To Human Postmortem Casework, Justine P. Sorrentino Jan 2024

Pharmacokinetic Modeling Of Metonitazene And Isotonitazene Using In Vitro And In Vivo Models And Comparison To Human Postmortem Casework, Justine P. Sorrentino

Theses and Dissertations

Metonitazene and isotonitazene are two benzimidazole opioids that are contributing to the opioid crisis nationwide. Limited pharmacokinetic data has been published on these nitazene compounds, therefore this study sought to determine if these two structurally similar opioids would have comparable half-lives and clearance utilizing in vitro and in vivo models. Using the data determined in the pharmacokinetic study, and by testing human postmortem cases, this study aimed to inform interpretation of these drugs detected in human casework. Sample analysis for all aspects of the study was performed utilizing LC/MS/MS. In vitro pharmacokinetics of both drugs were examined using a human …


Narrative Language Development In Deaf Children As Assessed Through American Sign Language: A Comparative Analysis Utilizing Retells And Original Stories, Cathy Milliren Jan 2024

Narrative Language Development In Deaf Children As Assessed Through American Sign Language: A Comparative Analysis Utilizing Retells And Original Stories, Cathy Milliren

Theses and Dissertations

Despite advances in hearing technology, legislative changes, and instructional strategies, Deaf/Hard of Hearing (D/HH) students continue to demonstrate language delays on standard assessments. Although there are assessments that evaluate a child’s American Sign Language (ASL) proficiency, research thus far has assessed the language structure of D/HH students through their use of English not ASL. Through a convergent mixed methods study, the Narrative Scoring Scheme (NSS) was used to compare the scores of D/HH fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade students with their hearing peers to compare their story structure with original stories and retells. Using t tests and multiple linear regression analyses, …


Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Increases Kidney Toxicity In Rats Exposed To Ochratoxin A, Belkys Gonzalez Jan 2024

Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Increases Kidney Toxicity In Rats Exposed To Ochratoxin A, Belkys Gonzalez

Theses and Dissertations

Due to the rising occurrence of diabetes in the population and the prevalence of OTA exposure via ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs, there is a need to assess the possible renal interaction of a diabetic disease state in concurrence with OTA exposure. Sprague Dawley rats were treated with streptozotocin to induce experimental diabetes and then orally exposed to 0.5 mg/kg body weight OTA once a day for 21 days. Renal biomarkers and light microscopy were evaluated to assess the interaction between diabetic nephropathy and OTA exposure. LLC-PK1 proximal tubule cells were used as an in vitro model to assess the potential …


Exposure To Dithiocarbamate Fungicide Ziram Results In Hepatic And Renal Toxicity In Long-Evan Rats, Jeffrey Chen Jan 2024

Exposure To Dithiocarbamate Fungicide Ziram Results In Hepatic And Renal Toxicity In Long-Evan Rats, Jeffrey Chen

Theses and Dissertations

Ziram is a broad spectrum fungicide that is used on a variety of crops. It has been shown to display a wide array of toxicological effects, however, there is still a scarcity of mechanistic data regarding how it facilitates those effects. One of its presumed mechanisms of toxicity is due to the production of oxidative stress. However, whether the production of oxidative stress is due to its dimethyldithiocarbamate backbone, its metal moiety, or a combination of both, is still unknown. Contributing to the production of oxidative stress is ziram’s ability to alter essential metal homeostasis through transchelation of other essential …


Determination Of Genetic Variation In Opioid-Resistant Hospice Patients Using A Pharmacogenomics Approach, Daniel Bianculli Jan 2024

Determination Of Genetic Variation In Opioid-Resistant Hospice Patients Using A Pharmacogenomics Approach, Daniel Bianculli

Theses and Dissertations

Managing pain requires a delicate balance between the advantages of opioid analgesia and the possible adverse effects. This balance becomes even more difficult in hospice and palliative care environments where dosage regimens are frequently ambiguous. Some hospice patients experience opioid resistance, in which opioids no longer produce an analgesic effect on a patient. Evidence-based analyses frequently omit this vulnerable population, resulting in a need for concrete procedures. The emergence of pharmacogenomic analysis and personalized treatment presents a solution to this problem by using each patient's genomic data to interpret opiate dosing. This pharmacogenomic study aimed to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) …


Production Of Vp3-Only Aav2 Vlp In E. Coli, Chengyu Fu Jan 2024

Production Of Vp3-Only Aav2 Vlp In E. Coli, Chengyu Fu

Theses and Dissertations

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a widely used vector for gene therapy. However, few studies have focused on producing AAV-based virus-like particles (VLP) in E. coli. This project aimed to express VP3 of AAV2 or co-express VP3 of AAV2 with other proteins, such as E. coli chaperones and/or assembly-activating protein (AAP) in E. coli under different expression conditions and explore the potential to produce VP3-only VLP of AAV2 in situ in E. coli. The constructed plasmid pET15ΔHis-VP3 was used to express VP3 under different conditions. The results demonstrated that most expressed VP3 was in inclusion bodies in all tested conditions. Although …


In Support Of A Read-Aloud Accommodation: A Meta Analysis Study, Sarah Elizabeth Ryan Jan 2024

In Support Of A Read-Aloud Accommodation: A Meta Analysis Study, Sarah Elizabeth Ryan

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the read-aloud accommodation benefits for students with disabilities (SWD) and students without disabilities (SWOD). In this study, researchers recommend ways in which to remove encumbrances faced by SWD in reading comprehension. In general, research has shown that both SWD and SWOD have met some degree of success from the read-aloud accommodations. Further, this meta-analysis will attempt to reveal important factors that influence the effects of read-aloud accommodations. For example, how the accommodation effect size influences the subject area of reading versus that of math. This study will also show that the effect of read-aloud accommodations is significantly …


School Psychologists’ Training, Engagement, And Legislative Involvement In Return To Learn Procedures For Students With A Mtbi, Jessie Marie Beshara Jan 2024

School Psychologists’ Training, Engagement, And Legislative Involvement In Return To Learn Procedures For Students With A Mtbi, Jessie Marie Beshara

Theses and Dissertations

Concussions, or mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs), are increasingly affecting school-age children in the United States. Despite this rising incidence, comprehensive return-to-learn plans for affected students are often inadequate and not utilized to the degree needed. This deficiency may stem from school psychologists' insufficient training, knowledge, and awareness regarding how to support these students effectively. This is further impacted by school psychologists’ exclusion in legislation or school district policies addressing concussion management, specifically in mandated professional development training. This is despite being recognized as essential members of the concussion management team (CMT). This study aimed to investigate school psychologists' familiarity …


Towards A Theory Of Sobriety Barriers: The Development Of A Novel Measure Of Alcohol Sobriety Barriers, Lindsay L. Arader Jan 2024

Towards A Theory Of Sobriety Barriers: The Development Of A Novel Measure Of Alcohol Sobriety Barriers, Lindsay L. Arader

Theses and Dissertations

At present, there is no formal theory of barriers to sobriety from alcohol, and subsequently no standardized way to assess such barriers in the population. The goal of the current study was to formalize both a sobriety barriers theory and sobriety barriers measure via psychometric analysis. Researchers designed a sobriety barriers theory based on available literature, generated a multidimensional item-set representing this theory, administered the item-set to a sample of 1,187 respondents (56.4% female), and evaluated the extent to which the structure and contents of the item-set corresponded to the proposed theory using psychometric analysis. Structural analyses revealed a bifactor …


Comparison Of Professional Impressions Of Hikikomori Across Cultures: A Secondary Data Analysis, Marko Lamela Jan 2024

Comparison Of Professional Impressions Of Hikikomori Across Cultures: A Secondary Data Analysis, Marko Lamela

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the impressions of two hikikomori vignettes by professionals across different countries to determine possible similarities or differences across countries. Originally viewed as a cultural disorder, hikikomori has been observed in different countries. This study used an existing data set of a 2010 study to review diagnostic impressions using the ICD-10 and DSM-IV-TR coding systems, as well as a free response. Additionally, this study reviewed professional impressions on the best treatment for hikikomori. This study reviewed these responses based on country of origin and cultural type. A correlation was found between ICD-10 and DSM-IV-TR diagnosis, country, and cultural …


Change In Blame Attributions As A Mediator Of Symptom Reduction In Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Michelle Cusumano Jan 2024

Change In Blame Attributions As A Mediator Of Symptom Reduction In Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Michelle Cusumano

Theses and Dissertations

Youth exposed to interpersonal violence often develop maladaptive posttraumatic cognitions about the event(s), the world, and themselves. These maladaptive cognitions have robust associations with onset and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and internalizing symptoms (Mitchell et al., 2017). Growing literature suggests changes in cognitions, particularly appraisals about control, vulnerability, and personal change following trauma exposure, serve as a mechanism of change in trauma-specific psychotherapy interventions for youth (Meiser-Stedman et al., 2017; Smith et al., 2007). Little research has examined change in blame attributions as a mediator of treatment outcome, despite their importance in understanding how youth process their trauma …


Identity Denial And Food Choice: Do Chinese Americans Reassert Their American Identity Through Food?, Shelagh Mahbubani Jan 2024

Identity Denial And Food Choice: Do Chinese Americans Reassert Their American Identity Through Food?, Shelagh Mahbubani

Theses and Dissertations

Food choice is impacted by a variety of different factors, including cultural, social and socioeconomic (Chen & Antonelli, 2020; Contento, 2008; Rozin, 2015). Food choice has a major impact on an individual’s health, and research has shown an association between the prototypical “American diet” and an increased risk for health conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and stroke (Liu et al., 2020). One important social factor that can influence food choice is the desire to appear as a prototypical member of a social group (Cruwys et al., 2012). For example, when an individual’s social identity is questioned (identity threat), they may …


Examination Of Reading Motivation Levels And Associated Factors In Deaf And Hard-Of-Hearing Adolescents, Sarah Carlton Jan 2024

Examination Of Reading Motivation Levels And Associated Factors In Deaf And Hard-Of-Hearing Adolescents, Sarah Carlton

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to examine self-rated levels of reading motivation and reading activity among Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) Adolescents and the relationship to overall Language Arts skills. This study is framed by social learning theory and self-determination theory. DHH Adolescents (n=38), between the ages of 11 and 17, with bilateral hearing loss, located in Southern California participated in the study. Data collection included administration of the Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ), Reading Activity Inventory (RAI) and a demographic survey. Phase 2 included a focus group of Phase 1 participants (n=5). Survey data was analyzed quantitatively for mean …


Globalizing Local History: Giuseppe Garibaldi In New York And The Politics Of Memory, 1884-1932, Daniel Falcone Jan 2024

Globalizing Local History: Giuseppe Garibaldi In New York And The Politics Of Memory, 1884-1932, Daniel Falcone

Theses and Dissertations

Globalizing Local History: Giuseppe Garibaldi in New York and The Politics of Memory, 1884-1932 examines local historical societies and public historical sites and describes how commemorators utilized Giuseppe Garibaldi's (July 4, 1807- June 2, 1882) legacy as a symbol and form of patriotic, political, and revolutionary speech and action. This dissertation explains how his life was appropriated in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. My work explores how New Yorkers and Italian Americans used spaces, collective memory, and identity, to produce a form of world history through local historical events. This dissertation thematically describes how Garibaldi was collectively recalled …


Decodable Deliberations In Early Reading Instruction: A Mixed-Methods Study Of First-Grade Teachers’ Perceptions, Selection, And Use Of Decodable Texts, Patricia Gallery Jan 2024

Decodable Deliberations In Early Reading Instruction: A Mixed-Methods Study Of First-Grade Teachers’ Perceptions, Selection, And Use Of Decodable Texts, Patricia Gallery

Theses and Dissertations

The fundamental significance of literacy achievement cannot be overstated. However, the 2022 National Assessment for Educational Progress (NAEP) divulges alarming findings, with a mere 33 percent of the nation’s fourth graders performing at or above proficiency in reading (NAEP, 2022). Exploring the nexus of research-informed pedagogy and practice is imperative to disrupt this deleterious trajectory. This mixed-method study will examine how first-grade teachers select and use texts for beginning reading instruction with a critical lens on teachers' perceptions of decodable text to fully understand the complex intersection of intentionality and attitude when choosing texts for early reading instruction. This study …


Read-Alouds For Social-Emotional Learning In Preschool: A Mixed-Methods Study, Sara C. Kanner Jan 2024

Read-Alouds For Social-Emotional Learning In Preschool: A Mixed-Methods Study, Sara C. Kanner

Theses and Dissertations

Covid-19 has caused a rise in mental health issues, and focusing on social-emotional learning can help students learn the skills they need to lead healthy, successful lives. Teaching social-emotional skills in pre-K and kindergarten can provide students with these important skills in their formative years. In this convergent mixed-methods design study, the researcher explored the self-efficacy beliefs and attitudes of teachers towards using classroom read-alouds to teach social-emotional learning, and how those teacher self-efficacy beliefs and attitudes relate to the amount of time they spend on classroom read-alouds for social-emotional learning. Guided by Social Learning and Self-Efficacy theories, the researcher …


Evaluation Of Microglia’S Structural Variations Within An Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Model After Regionalized Toxic Injury, Jesus Antonio Trejos Jan 2024

Evaluation Of Microglia’S Structural Variations Within An Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Model After Regionalized Toxic Injury, Jesus Antonio Trejos

Theses and Dissertations

The dendritic cells of the CNS, the microglia (MG), are an initiation point of the immunological response within the post blood-brain barrier (BBB) compartment. Microglia morphology drastically changes in response to cell stress to a much different non-dendritic morphology. This investigation postulates that if the first MG responses to toxic injury are isolated and studied in greater morphological detail there is much to be learned about MG metamorphosis from a baseline (M2) to an activated (M1) state. The organotypic hippocampal slice was the experimental setting used to investigate microglial response to toxic injury. This isolates dendritic cellular responses and associated …


Teacher Perceptions Of Their Preparedness To Teach Early Literacy Skills Using Developmentally Appropriate Practices In Universal Prekindergarten Programs, Tara A. Sokol Jan 2024

Teacher Perceptions Of Their Preparedness To Teach Early Literacy Skills Using Developmentally Appropriate Practices In Universal Prekindergarten Programs, Tara A. Sokol

Theses and Dissertations

Early childhood education is a dynamic field, constantly evolving with the introduction of new curriculums, initiatives and programs. The classroom teacher is the constant, providing essential early literacy instruction amidst all of these changes. Universal Pre-Kindergarten is a vital program that provides access to quality early childhood education for New York City residents. According to the Office of Early Childhood Education, there were nearly 68,000 students enrolled in these free, full-day, high-quality programs in the 2018-2019 school year (2022). Universal Pre-Kindergarten is described as using Developmentally Appropriate Practice (DAP) as the basis for its teachings. Educators are responsible for using …