Digital Commons Network^™

Biocatalytic Oxidation Of Nitrilotriacetate, Saul Hammerman

Theses

The specific scope of this work is to study the biological and chemical effects of a single genetic strain of bacteria, Bacillus subtilis #9524, on the specific destruction to innocuous products of sodium nitrilotriacetate (NTA) and sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). Insofar as the same strain of bacteria was used each time, under limited variability and sterile conditions, the side effects of multiple bacterial strains and their inter-relationships among themselves and the organic substrates are eliminated. This has allowed for excellent replication of results.

This is a generalized technique for the evaluation of the biodegradability of a compound. Whereas tests with activated …

Orientation To The Urbanarium, A Slide-Tape Production, Darryl Degelman

Theses

None provided.

Picture Puzzle History, Jane Wattenberg

Theses

None provided.

The Design And Analysis Of A Rapid Transit Speed Regulator, Frank Svet

Theses

A rapid transit speed regulator is examined utilizing classical control theory and digital computer simulation. The transient response to velocity step input commands are examined under constraints placed on percent overshoot, steady state error, acceleration and jerk limiting. The effect of each constraint is examined for various weight trains. A means of loop compensation that will meet the desired design objectives concerning the transient response is then analyzed and simulated. A detailed discussion of both vehicle and motor dynamics is also presented.

Antoine Type Equation For Liquid Viscosity Correlations, Edward Goletz Jr.

Theses

A modified Andrade⁴ equation, similar to the Antoine equation for vapor pressure-temperature correlations, was developed for liquid viscosity-temperature correlations. Included in the investigation were the following compounds: n-alkanes (C₂-C₂₀), n-alkenes (C₂-C₂₀), n-alkyl benzenes (C₆-C₁₀), n-alkyl cyclohexanes (C₆-C₂₂), and fifteen polar compounds. Except for propene, errors of less than 5% were obtained. Normal heptadecane was used to compare correlations developed by Andrade⁴, Walther²⁰, and Doolittle⁹, with the modified Andrade equation. The latter was found to give the best …

A Theoretical Study Of Continuous Parametric Pumping At Constant Temperature, Philip Weingartner

Theses

A continuous parametric pump, operating at constant temperature with pressure as the driving force, is analyized by means of an equilibrium theory. A thorough explanation of the process and the resulting mathematical model reveal how the parameters effect pump performance. The experimental data cited agree well with the analytical results in the CO₂-He on silica gel system. Complete removal of the solute from one of the product streams can be achieved through the proper selection of penetration distances and pressure levels.

The Quantitative Characterization Of Middle Distillate Fuels For Reduced Smoke Emission And Improved Low Temperature Operability, R. S. Feamster

Theses

Forty-eight inference equations are presented to approximate the hydrocarbon composition of middle distillate fuels and of the solids separating from these fuels at temperatures below their cloud points by consideration of fuel physical inspections. The physical inspections consist of API gravity, aniline point, cloud point, and distillation curves for ten fuels from major United States and European refineries. To determine the percentage of solids separating from cooled fuels, each fuel is filtered over a temperature range from the cloud point to -40 F in 10 F increments. Aromatic, naphthenic, and paraffinic hydrocarbon contents and the r-paraffin carbon number distributions of …

The Photolysis Of P-Xylene In An Aqueous Environment, Joseph Daniel Lintott

Theses

The photolysis of p-xylene in several aqueous solutions was studied as a model for removing refractory organic pollutants from water, and to demonstrate that photochemical reaction of these compounds may be an important factor in their degradation in the environment.

Solutions of p-xylene in deaerated water, water saturated with oxygen, 0.05M sodium phosphate tribasic, 0.1M sodium nitrate and 3.28X10^-4M ferric sulfate were exposed to ultraviolet and visible radiation. p-Xylene in 3.28X10^-4M ferric sulfate was also exposed to sunlight. The reaction rate was determined by measuring the disappearance of the p-xylene.

In all of the photolyses, except …

Stress-Relaxation Of Cross-Linked Polyethylene At Elevated Temperature, Ravio Luik

Theses

Polyethylene because of its excellent chemical, physical, mechanical and electrical properties, as well as its easy adaptability to extrusion, molding and other processes and its low cost has become a very widely used material for hundreds of applications. But, because it is a thermoplastic, it also deforms and flows when temperatures approach or exceed the crystalline melting point. This handicap, however, can be reduced by crosslinking the polymer chains and thereby converting the thermoplastic to a thermoset material. To further expand the possible uses of this popular material and to further improve the properties, fillers and antioxidants may be compounded …

A Computer Solution For Absorbers And Strippers Using The Newton-Raphson Iterative Method, Robert J. Lukach

Theses

The solution of absorber or stripper calculations by traditional methods can be a tedious, time consuming, if not a completely fruitless procedure. Hence a computer solution of these calculations is both desirable and, as the complexity of chemical process plants increases, necessary.

The component oriented Newton-Raphson procedure was programed to perform this calculation, and makes full use of the material and enthalpy balance equations to perform the iterative equilibrium stage calculations. A Newton-Raphson stage oriented method was also developed as a verification program to check the solutions obtained from the Newton-Raphson component oriented procedure.

Distillation Design Techniques, Ronald Michael Carlucci

Theses

A design method for binary distillation systems is presented that minimizes the required rigorous calculations. A computer program is developed that finds the number of theoretical stages, and feed stage for a specified separation and reboiler vapor rate. Results for three binary systems are presented.

The design method and computer program are extended to the multicomponent case at the condition of total reflux. Results for one ternary system are presented. The possibility of using the method at other than total reflux is discussed. Usage of the method to search for multicomponent azeotropes and results are also presented.

Analytic equations are …

Computer Simulation Of A Split Feed Claus Sulfur Recovery Plant, Thomas R. Woolley

Theses

A computer program which calculates a complete heat and material balance around a "split feed" Claus sulfur recovery plant was written in Fortran IV for the RCA Spectra 70 computer. The program provides for up to three catalytic reactors, the hot gas bypass method of reheating, and a feed gas containing hydrogen sulfide, water vapor, hydrogen, and nitrogen. The program user specifies as input data the feed stream composition and temperature, the number of reactors, the combustion air temperature, the conversion in each reactor, the outlet temperature in each condenser, and the fraction of burner exit gas used for reheating …

The Photolysis Of Chlorobenzene In An Aqueous Environment, Louis John Del Tufo

Theses

Chlorobenzene was chosen as a model system for the study of photochemically induced reactions in an aqueous environment. It was the goal of this research to achieve a reaction system which best approximates conditions existing in the environment. To do this, a basic model system was established, and then the effect on the rate by various parameters was studied. These parameters, which included the presence of oxygen and such inorganic compounds as might be present in receiving waters, (e.g. nitrate, sulfate, and phosphate), were chosen so as to meet the goal of this research.

Kinetic data was obtained for seven …

Premonitions, Samuel Wernick

Theses

None provided.

Graphic Identity Program, Richard Falzoi

Theses

None provided.

Visual Communication Exhibition System, Robert Kahute

Theses

None provided.

M.F.A. Painting Thesis, John Michael Harris, Rebecca Fogg

Theses

None provided.

Lewis Wickes Hine Memorial Collection: International Museum Of Photography At George Eastman House, Robin Brown

Theses

None provided.

Effect Of Errors In Spectrophotometry Due To Fluorescence On The Ability To Calculate Colors By The Neugebauer Equations, Junichi Iwao

Theses

Spectrophotometers were originally designed without taking into account the fluorescent effect of papers and inks on spectrophotometric measurements. Monochromatic illumination is used in most of the available spectrophotometers, but the spectrophotometric curve measured by using monochromatic light does not approximate the same effect that is seen by the eye if fluorescence is present. White light illumination must be used to obtain a valid spectrophotometric curve of fluorescent materials. The Neugebauer equations are often used to calculate the tristimulus values of halftone prints. As long as the Neugebauer primaries do not fluoresce, measurements of primaries made by monochromatic illumination are valid. …

Investigations Of Color Balance Perception Of Photographic Images As Related To Their Surrounds, Robert Cosgrove, William Rabey

Theses

The perceived color balance of a photographic image as a function of its surrounds was investigated. Four images and three surrounds were used in all of their possible combinations. An image was projected onto a screen by means of a slide projector. A colored surround was projected by a second projector so that it encompassed the image. Five observers were asked to "correct" each image viewed within each surround to what he considered the most pleasing color balance. They did this by means of a three wheel subtractive filter system. (Cyan, magenta, and yellow)

The results showed that perceived color …

Resolving Power Determination By Direct Observation Of Unprocessed Film By Reflected Light, James Belisle, Emery Prather

Theses

Measurement of resolving power of an emulsion is usually determined by an extensive exposure and development series. Resolving power is reported at the optimum value and exposure and density are reported also. Such a procedure is wasteful and time consuming. This paper explores the determination of resolving power by the observation of a reflected image of a resolution target on unprocessed. The reflection from the gelatin support was higher than that of the silver halide grains and thereby masked the reflected image from the grains. This phenomenon was observed over the entire range tested. The maximum obtained was 746 lines …

The Construction Of A Readability Target And Its Correlation With Resolving Power, Gary E. Lowe

Theses

A readability target was constructed. It consisted of sets of randomized letters which were incremented in size by the twelfth root of two. This new target and the German DIN standard legibility target were photographed simultaneously using a microcopy camera set at various degrees of magnification. Evaluation of the resultant images was done by ten observers who each viewed sixteen sets of target pairs. From this data a correlation of .90 was found between the two targets. Nine out of the ten observers found the new target easier to evaluate. A study of the new target's variability was done and …

The Objective Evaluation Of Image Quality Produced With Physical Development, Bruce C. Smith, Keith M. Snyder

Theses

This experiment was an analysis of the difference in objective measures of image quality between chemical and physical development methods, including prefixation and postfixation processes. Of particular interest was the process outlined by Matejec1 for postfixation physical development. An investigation of resolving power and MTF for two fine grain films was carried out for four different development processes all possessing approximately the same speed capability. Both the effect of combined chemical and optical spread functions and the chemical spread alone were investigated through edge analysis using Fourier methods. A significant increase in image quality was found with the finest grain …

A Dead Time Process Controller, Frank Hermance

Theses

The control of systems containing pure dead time elements has plagued the control engineer for many years. This thesis discusses a new controller developed by this writer which offers improved performance in first order processes dominated by a dead time element.

The Use Of Thin Layer Chromatography (Tlc) In Qualitative And Quantitative Determinations Of Photographic Developing Agents (In Developer Solution) Using A Scanning Densitometer, Michael Gilbert

Theses

TLC was used, for qualitative and quantitative analysis of photographic developing agents hydroquinone, metol, phenidone, para phenylenediamine, para aminophenol, ascorbic acid and the oxidized species. Experimental conditions and procedures for reporting Rf values of the aqueous solutions of the developing agent were standardized. Quantitative TLC was done for hydroquinone. The density maxima obtained from the scanning densitometric trace of the eluted and visualized chromatogram was correlated to the concentration of the hydroquinone. Aqueous solutions of hydroquinone were prepared at four levels of concentration, three levels of pH and two levels of sodium sulfite concentration for quantitative analysis using TLC.

A Photographic Study Of Movement Of Material On A Web Offset Press Blanket, Leigh Stewart

Theses

This paper studies the movement of material which accumulates on the image printing blanket of a web offset press printing newsprint. A theory is advanced to explain this movement. It is based on the differences in velocities of the paper and blanket surfaces entering and exiting the printing nip. The designed experiment run uses three factors to test the changes in direction and rate of movement. These are: (1) the compressibility of blanket sets, (2) the relative image printing and impression blanket diameters, and (3) the printing squeeze. No other factors involved in the nip area are tested. The movement …

An Analysis Of The Geneva Mechanism As A Timing Device, Hubert W. Meyer

Theses

A mathematical analysis of the Geneva mechanism was conducted to determine the potential of this device as a tinting mechanism, and the feasibility of replacing the widely used pallet and starwheel escapement with a Geneva mechanism.

The primary objective of the study was to determine if the Geneva mechanism will attain a terminal velocity, and if so, how much time is required to reach this velocity.

To accomplish this objective, the differential equation of motion for the system was derived using Lagrangian dynatos. The equation was programmed and solved on a digital computer.

The study indicated that the Geneva mechanism …

Aboveground Fuel Oil Storage Tanks, Lawrence George Palmer

Theses

A review of the American Petroleum Institute Standard 650 and Appendixes points out the advantages of using high strength steel and the variable point design method (Appendix K) to obtain reasonably uniform shell stresses. Design limitations imposed by notch toughness and residual stresses are pointed out.

Design considerations for the installation of an internal floating roof in a standard cone roof tank are discussed. Methods of calculating evaporation losses and an economic justification for a floating roof are included. Budget estimate figures have been compiled as a function of tank capacity for tanks, site preparation and tank ringwall or piled …

Sidestream Tower Fractionation : A Short-Cut Calculation Method, Richard David Prickett

Theses

A short-cut procedure has been developed for making calculations on a complex fractionation tower. A Simplification of the Thiele-Geddes plate-to-plate procedure provided the basis for the short-cut procedure. The application discussed in this paper is for a tower with a liquid sidestream drawoff in the rectifying section.

The tower was broken at the feed point and sidestream drawoff locations into three calculation sections. The fractionation in each tower section can then be represented by a rigorous series solution expressed in terms of absorption or stripping factors. These rigorous equations can then be simplified by the use of average absorption or …

Separation Of Glucose - Fructose - Water Systems Via Thermal Parametric Pumping, Zikri Mostafa Ahmed

Theses

Series of experiments were carried out to determine the effect of different factors on adsorption from aqueous solutions of sugar using fuller's earth ( LW 16-30 Mesh ) as an adsorbent. The equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir's equation., and an explanation for the deviation of some of these data has been given.

Systems of glucose-fructose and water mixtures were subjected to semi-continuous and continuous parametric pumping operations using activated carbon (400 Filterasorb) as an adsorbent. The results obtained confirm the equilibrium theory of the parametric pump and essentially fulfill the requirements established by Chen and Hill (6) to …