Digital Commons Network^™

Adsorption Of Nickel And Lead With Activated Sludge, Chi-Yun Chen

Theses

Wastewater produced in domestic, commercial, and industrial activities often contains significant amounts of metals. This would result in the discharge of heavy metals into the sewer system. Some of the heavy metals can be adsorbed by activated sludge. This may present a problem for the treatment and ultimate disposal of sludge.

The purpose of the research was to determine how much metals can be adsorbed by sludge. Nickel and Lead were selected for this investigation because of their environmental significance. Both belong to priority pollutants considered potentially toxic. Factors affecting the adsorption, such as sludge concentration, metal concentration, mixing condition, …

Effect Of Low Energy Argon Laser And Dihematoporphyrin Ether On The Growth, Viability, And Catecholamine Production Of C1300 Murine Neuroblastoma Cells In Vitro, David William Rogers

Theses

Low power laser induced fluorescence of dihematoporphyrin ether (DHE, photofrin 2) is used to detect cancer. The goal was to determine the effect of low power argon laser light and DHE on C-1300 murine neuroblastoma cells (MNB, NB41A3). The study groups were as follows: Control, untreated cells (C), DHE only at concentrations of 1 (D1) and 5 (D5) µg/ml, Argon laser 2 light only at exposure times of 1 minute (1.8 J/cm² , L1) 2 and 5 minutes (9.0 J/cm² , L5), combined treatment of Light at 1, 5 minutes, and DHE at 1, 5 µg/ml.

Nine replicates …

Production Effects Of Biotechnology In The Dairy Industry: An Exploratory Study, Kenneth L. Schurter

Theses

Genetically engineered products are being produced at an economical level. products is bovine sornatotropin. One of these Injections of bovine sornatotropin increase milk yield in dairy cattle. This increase in production per cow is consistent with the thirty year trend of fewer dairy farms, fewer cows, and more milk per cow.

Starting in the 1950's in the mechanical era, farmers went from horses to tractors. In the chemical era, herbicides and fertilizers started being used. Now in the 1980's the technical era is coming in to existence . Through all of these era's there was controversy. Each of these era's …

Management Stress And Its Impact On Marital Dysfunction, Thomas J. Kemper

Theses

The purpose of this investigation is to examine the occupational and life stressors suffered by managers and the relationship between this stress and the marital dysfunction of these managers.

The relationship between employee's work lives and their nonwork lives has undergone a number of investigations over the years . One area that has received particular attention is the area of occupational stress, its causes and effects. Occupational stress is something that is no longer suffered by air traffic controllers and top executives Lower level managers are becoming distressed because of the pressures placed on them by corporations to perform, and …

Research And Development Of An Abc Book Of Thinking Skills With Caldecott Books For Primary Students, Edythe Bernhardt

Theses

The goal of A1erican education today is to develop the thinking ability of children to enable them to learn even after leaving school. Because of an increasingly complex, ever-changing, problem-ridden world, creative thinkers and problem solvers are needed today more than ever before.

The purpose of the project was to research and prepare appropriate materials to develop thinking skills in primary aged children, kindergarten through grade three. The thinking skills were combined with quality children's literature, the Caldecott Award winning books, in activities which teach children to think and motivate them to read excellent children's literature . These activities were …

The Effect Of Laser Beam Cuts On The Strength Of Paper Edges, Bernard Pineaux

Theses

Some paper-mill rewinders use infra-red carbon dioxide laser heads to slit the web into rolls of given widths. However, despite certain advantages, laser slitters are not widely used mainly because of installation and operation costs.

Web breaks on a printing press cause both time and paper waste. Breakings occur because of defects in the edges of the web, such as notches or extra fibers, which offer less resitance to the high tensions existing during the printing of a web at high speed. Since paper edges are much cleaner when cut with an infra-red carbon dioxide laser than when cut with …

An Expert System In School Psychology For Pmhp, Jacqueline K. Joslyn

Theses

Primary Mental Health Project (PMHP) is a program for early detection and prevention of problems with school adjustment. PMHP identifies young children that have the potential for school problems early in their school careers, and uses trained paraprof essionals as child associates to work preventively with these children. To implement this program, several evaluation forms must be filled out for each student, to determine which children should, or should not, be referred to the program. Unfortunately, a limited number of PMHP professionals are available to evaluate students. Due to this limitation, it was the desire of the author to create …

Interfacing Of The Digital Spyghnomanometer [Sic] Ds-165 To The Intel 8052ah Basic Based Single Board Computer, Rakesh P. Patel

Theses

The aim of this thesis is to collect the measured data from the blood pressure measurement unit to the single board computer and to store the data for the analysis purposes.

Application Of Computer Techniques In Groundwater Contamination Studies, Komratchi Raman

Theses

A study has been undertaken to provide insight into two related aspects of groundwater contamination studies - contaminant transport behavior and its analysis by modeling techniques. The study reviews recent research that explains some of the uncertainties in the transport and fate of chemical contaminants in groundwater. Approaches to modeling techniques and data reduction are developed to illustrate their usefulness in analysing existing groundwater data, and to make predictions on the future water chemical characteristics. Three types of study areas have been chosen for this purpose, each representing a different type of groundwater contamination problem. The first study area has …

Separation And Characterization Of Biologically Significant Chemical Classes In Airborne Particulate Organic Matter : Measurement Of Selected Chemical Classes In Freshly Collected Air Samples, Xueying Sun

Theses

Since hazardous materials present in airborne pollutants can affect human health and environmental quality and most of the specific compounds remain uncharacterized, a study was conducted to characterize airborne particulate extractable organic matter (EOM) with respect to chemical composition. Specifically, a number of chemical classes including N-heterocycles, phenols, quinones, carboxylic acids, and especially N-nitrosamines were tested using an integrated chemical class screening system.

The inhalable particulate matter was collected, using a high volume 10 um inlet sampler, on the roof of Tiernan Hall, New Jersey Institute of Technology, which is located off Warren Street in Newark. Sequential solvent extractions yielded …

Robotization For Assembling Small Parts, Frank J. Valese

Theses

The thrust of this paper is directed toward establishing a roboticized small parts assembly line where none currently exist. Technical and pragmatic requisites were established and reviewed prior to installing the proposed robotic workcell. Although the specific model chosen for discussion is the locksmithing industry, the procedures followed, the design tools utilized, and the methods of job-costing employed apply equally to other small parts industries.

Basic industrywide considerations reviewed for each robotization effort included:

1. Choosing the proper application for robotization
2. Obtaining management support and labor input to insure the success of the project
3. Deciding on the economic and production goals …

Approaches To The Synthesis Of Dentin Bonding Agents Containing Vinyl And Carbamate Functional Groups, Steven W. Amato

Theses

The synthesis of four new monomers containing vinyl and carbamate functional groups was attempted. The desired products were N-m-methacryloxyphenyl-O-phenyl carbamate, N-p-methacryloxy-O-phenyl carbamate, m-N-phenylcarbamato-2-methacryloxyethoxy benzoate, and p-N-phenylcarbamato-2-methacryloxyethoxy benzoate. The carbamate functional group was derived by the Lewis Acid catalyzed reaction of meta-aminophenol, para-aminophenol, meta-aminobenzoic acid, and para-aminobenzoic acid with diphenyl carbonate. The vinyl function was derived, in the case of the aminophenols, by reaction with methacrylyl chloride, and in the case of the aminobenzoic acids, with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate.

Partial products only were prepared, these being the two carbamate functional phenols, the two carbamate functional benzoic acids, the two methacryloxy functional derivatives …

Reactions Of Atomic Hydrogen With Dichloromethane In A Flow System, Shun-Hsien Huang

Theses

The reaction kinetics of atomic hydrogen with dichloromethane were studied in a tubular flow reactor with 2.6 cm I.D. Pyrex tube at pressure of 2.1 to 2.7 torr absolute and room temperature . Hydrogen atoms were generated by a microwave discharge plasma. Atomic hydrogen concentration were measured by chemiluminescence titration with nitrogen dioxide. The concentrations of hydrogen atom ranged from 2.0 * 10¹⁴ to 5.0 * 10¹⁵ atoms per cm³. Chlorocarbon reagent and products were monitored by online gas chromatography (FID).

Major products observed were hydrogen chloride and methane. The conversion of dichloromethane increases first to …

Reaction Of Hydrogen With Methylene Chloride And Carbon Tetrachloride At High Temperature, Hun Tsao

Theses

The reactions of methylene chloride and carbon tetrachloride in hydrogen in the temperature range 500 - 1000° C were studied using tubular flow reactors of three diameters. (ID: 0.40, 1.05, 1.60 cm). Residence time range was from 0.3 to 3.5 seconds. Temperature profiles of the reactors was kept within +/- 5° C of central 85% for the 18 inch long reactor, at a total pressure of 1 atmosphere. No chlorinated hydrocarbon products were observed at or above 950° C. The major products in this temperature range were CH4, C2H₂, C2H₄, C2H₆ and HCl.

The pseudo …

Degradation Of Aniline And Nitrobenzene In A Photoreactor, Michael Joseph Sowa

Theses

Degradation of aniline and nitrobenzene in aqueuous solutions was studied. Five reaction processes were utilized, including ultraviolet light, ozone, O₂/UV, O₃/O₂/UV, and H₂O₂/UV. A 30 liter semi-batch gas sparged reactor was used for the development of reaction rate and mass transfer parameters in these systems. The results were used to model a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) for the O₃/O₂/UV case. Reasonable agreement was obtained for steady state exit concentrations between the experimental data and those predicted from the model.

Pontryagin's Maximum Principle, Chirasakdi Varuntanya

Theses

In a detailed presentation of Boltyanskii "elementary" proof of the Pontryagin's Maximum Principle, several gaps have been filled in the original one: The control processes which are considered in this paper are described by a system of ordinary differential equations, hence the uniform approach to O of certain O(ε) is proved. Moreover, a complete proof of a theorem about convex cones in Rn and a theorem from Topology are presented. An example of time optimal control illustrating the principle is also solved.

A Theoretical Investigation Of The Possibility Of Coexistence Of Three Microbial Populations Competing Purely And Simply In Configurations Of Three Interconnected Chemostats, Shiuan-Wu Chang

Theses

It is known from the literature that out of any number of microbial populations competing purely and simply in an environment which is homogeneous and has time invariant inputs (e.g. in an ideal chemostat) only one population can survive in a steady state under any conditions. However it has been proven possible for two competitors to coexist in two interconnected chemostats, which indicates that spatial heterogeneities may lead to coexistence of pure and simple competitors. The present study investigates whether the spatial heterogeneities created by three interconnected bioreactors may lead to a mixed culture (i.e. coexistence) of three pure and …

Deuterium Isotope Effects On In Vitro Dealkylation Of 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine And 1,1-Dimethylnitrosamine Via Hepatic Enzymes, Robert Sloane

Theses

Boiling 1,1-dimethylnitrosamine or unsymmetrical dimethylnitrosamine several times with 25% NaOD in D2O promoted the complete exchange of the nitrosamine’s alpha protons for deuterium. The deuterated nitrosamine was reduced by LiAlH4, in anhydrous diethyl ether to the corresponding 1,1-dimethylhydrazine-d6. An in-process production of the oxalate salt was necessary due to the air sensitivity of the free base hydrazine. After recrystallization from absolute ethanol and extensive drying, the oxalate salt was evaluated for purity by mixed melting point, high performance liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatography. When protonated hydrazine-oxalate salt (mp=146 °C) was mixed with a sample of the exchanged hydrazine salt …

Create A New Town And A New You To Improve Writing Skills, Barbara Broadfoot

Theses

Writing has always been one of the corners tones of American education . Schools are concerned with the development of students, and writing contributes to the development of the whole person. The public is alarmed because many students graduate from high school without being able to write well enough to function in today's complicated society.

There a re many reasons why schools fail to do a good job in the teaching of writing. One of the main reasons is the schools' over-emphasis on the teaching of grammar. Many teachers are not trained as teachers of writing and rely on the …

An Experimental Study Utilizing Integrated / Right Brain Processes In Teaching Biology, Rebecca M. Aulenbacher

Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine any measurable differences in student academic outcomes when they participated in activities designed to involve both hemispheres as compared to when they participated in activities designed to involve the left hemisphere . It was predicted that students who participated in more integrated/right brain activities would show higher academic achievement . It was further predicted that students who were right hemisphere preferenced would do better than those who were left hemisphere preferenced.

Two intact groups of Biology I students were taught the same four - chapter unit on cells , utilizing the same …

The Prediction Of Edge Raggedness Via A Single-Channel Filter Model Of The Visual System, Michael G. Mannix

Theses

Edge raggedness is a psychophysical term which refers to the fidelity of a high-contrast edge, which has been degraded by some process, compared to an ideal edge. It has been suggested that the processing of high-contrast edges shares the same spatial-frequency processing mechanisms with that of sinewave gratings. This study uses first-order psychophysical principles, determined using sinewave grating stimuli, in a model to process edges in order to derive a quantitative metric proportional to perceived edge raggedness. The derived metric is the rms power of the processed edge power spectrum. First, the need for a two-dimensional analysis is established, then …

Management And Organizational Effectiveness Examined : Past Practices And Theories Versus The Future, Ronald J. Boyer

Theses

The primary objective for this thesis is to collect and analyze data on how a new model for business organizations might best be formulated. There seems to be a consensus among authorities in the field that because modern business practices are so complex, indeed they have been revolutionized in many areas in the past decade. New organizational techniques must be devised if organizations are to remain as effective and as efficient as in the previous area. Some have claimed that the present structural model has reached the point of no return-that is, no longer functional because of such factors as …

Analysis Of Nitrated Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Pah-Quinones And Related Compounds In Ambient Air, Yalan Wang

Theses

Studies were conducted to characterized airborne particulate extractable organic matter (EOM) with respect to chemical composition and biological activity. It has been well established that the nitrated polycyclic hydrocarbons (nitroPAH) are environmental contaminants. To identify nitro-PAH in ambient air sample, a technique was developed involving introduction of a reducer column into an reversephase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system. Strong fluorescence signals were achieved from nitro-PAH and detected together with u.v. signals for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of nitro-PAH. 2-Nitrotriptycene was synthesized according to published procedures and used as an internal standard. By use of the above technique, 9nitroanthracene, …

Process Hazard Review For Drug Development, Rudolph R. Schwarz

Theses

The development of drugs has become increasingly complex, requiring the use of a wide variety of pharmaceutical actives and isolated intermediates, a majority of which are not always completely characterized with respect to their hazard potential. This can present a source of potential exposure to those who handle these substances during initial drug development, manufacturing of the drug active and ultimately the finished pharamaceutical product. It is, therefore, essential that safety and health information be documented and communicated during the entire drug development process.

The need for application of process hazard review techniques to the development of new drug materials …

Separation Of Chromium From Waste Sludges By An Electric Membrane Process, Freeman Nai-Tchun Ho

Theses

The process is characterized by using metallic membrane as a filter which is charged by a separate DC-power supply and it may become experimentally very effective in increasing the separation potency and migration flux. The technique of integrating migration with electromembrane was evaluated for the removal of chromium. The transport was found to be adequately described by an equation in which the rate is proportional to the chromium concentration. The rate of dichromate ions transported across the membranes and the gel water content of membrane increased when the ratio of electromembrane potential and cell system potential was increased. The back …

The Sunlight Effect On Trace Pollutants In Wastewater, Alan R. Sheu

Theses

In order to study the sunlight effect on the degradation rate of trace pollutants, ortho-cresol was selected to serve as a model compound in our studies. Solution of ortho-cresol alone, methylene blue alone, and the mixture of ortho-cresol and methylene blue were exposed to sunlight for more than four hours and aliquots analyzed with a spectrophotometer in order to follow the changes in absorption. Rate data were obtained for these three cases as a function of pH.

The results indicate that methylene blue does catalyze the degradation of ortho-cresol in the presence of sunlight with lower pH's affording higher reaction …

Characterization Of Pulse Duplicator Model For Testing Of Heart Valves, Pankesh Nilkamal Kadam

Theses

The design and development of a pulse duplicator system for testing of prosthetic valves is described. The performance characteristics were evaluated by computing the input impedance of the system from the measured pressure and flow signals for different simulation configurations. The study has been further extended to determine the feasibility of evaluating the cardiovascular status of a patient after major open heart procedure or in state of shock.

Built on hydrodynamic principles, the model allows for a wide range of heart rates, flow rates and mean pressures to be simulated. The artificial circulatory system used as a load to the …

Finite Element Stress Analysis Of The Femoral Hip Stem Prosthesis - Bone Interface, Mark C. Buechel

Theses

A three-dimensional finite element model is used to examine the stresses of the femoral hip stem prosthesis and surrounding bone, specifically at the interface between the stem and the bone. Using General Electric's GEOMOD modelling program, 3-dimensional models of the hip stem prosthesis, and both the cortical and cancellous bone, are generated. Due to the complexity of the individual models, General Electric's SUPERTAB modelling program is required to merge the three separate models into one complete model. The model is then broken down into finite elements for analysis. The model assumes isotropic properties to cortical bone and cancellous bone. Several …

Groundwater Contamination Studies At A Sanitary Landfill In New Jersey, Yau-Chorng Chien

Theses

Edgeboro Landfill, a site used for the disposal of municipal and industrial refuse, is one of the largest landfills in New Jersey. The landfill has been in operation since 1954, serving the solid waste disposal needs of local townships and a major portion of Middlessex and the surrounding counties. The landfill was not equipped with a liner and a leachate collection system at the time of start up. The leachate collection line around the landfill, on-site leachate treatment by three stabilization ponds and subsurface cut-off wall were provided to minimize the discharge of leachate into adjacent waters in 1979. Groundwater …

The Effect Of Platelet Activating Factor On Leukocyte Adhesion To The Post Capillary Walls And Developing Dose Response Relationships, Michael Francis Fitzpatrick

Theses

Blood circulation at the microcirculatory level plays an important role in the inflammatory process. Adhesion and emigration of white blood cells are among the major microcirculatory responses to inflammation. It has been recently suggested that platelet activating factor (PAF) may be a significant mediator in the local inflammatory response. This research was undertaken to characterize and quantitate the effects of PAF on the adhesion of white cells to the wall of postcapillary venules of 7-80um diameter.

The hamster cheek pouch microcirculation was used as a model for microcirculatory dynamics and was prepared for both bright field and fluorescent intravital microscopy. …