Digital Commons Network^™

Study Of An Analytical Method For Benzo(A)Pyrene Metabolites In Human Urine, Zheng Ouyang

Theses

A method developed by Becher and Bjorseth for analysis of PAH metabolites in urine was employed to investigate human exposure to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) - an ubiquitous environmental carcinogen. Preliminary results are presented showing the relationship between exposure to BaP and urinary elimination. Although the correlation between the two variables is not statistically significant, there appears to be a positive association with selected exposure varibles such as smoking. The identification of an association may establish urinary BaP as a marker of exposure.

However, detailed study of the analytical procedure indicated that recoveries with this method were as low as 3-8% for …

Organics In Ambient Air By Collection On Tenax, Thermal Desorption,And Capillary Chromatography With Parallel Fid/Ecd Analysis, Chih-Hsiang Liao

Theses

Volatile organics in ambient air were regularly collected on Tenax cartridges at high (10 ml/min) and low (5 ml/min) intake flows. These Tenax samples were analyzed by using a Tekmar Automatic Thermal Desorber and capillary GC system with parallel flame ionization (FID) and electron capture detectors (ECD). A series of quality assurance procedures has been established to improve and assure the accuracy and precision of sample collector and analysis. These procedures relate to performance of the Tekmar thermal desorber, recovery efficiency from the Tenax, and include studies on breakthrough and co-elution. The results demonstrate (1) that from ambient air data …

Ph Parametric Pumping : An Examination Of Different Feed Locations For A Two And Three Column Process With The Same Flow Patterns And Ph Distribution, Roberta Rosty

Theses

PH parametric pumping is used to separate protein mixtures of hemoglobin and Albumin.

In this thesis, modifications to a two-column process, where the fluid stage flow pattern and the pH distributions were constant, were explored. These modifications consisted of: changes in the feed stream inlet and outlet locations, changes in the amount of feed itself, and an addition of another column and reservoir to the original two-column process. The results were obtained through computer simulation.

Results indicate that the batch or no-feed two and three column processes yield better separations of the two proteins than the same processes with feed …

Rays And Beams Near The Shadow Boundary, Weixing Gao

Theses

Asymptotic techniques in wave propagation problems exhibit attractive features in computational aspects compared to numerical methods. However, they experience problems in complicated environments due to the transition regions associated with them. The transition region involving a shadow boundary in the downward refractive index profile has been investigated. The ray paths were determined solving the ray equation analytically. The Green's function due to a line source is constructed and evaluated using numerical integration (reference solution) and asymptotic techniques. Then, the field produced by the source, is synthesized, using superposition of beams generated from complex source point representation. The floating parameters such …

Characterization Of Activated Sludge Immobilized In Calcium Alginate Gel With Respect To Biodegradation Of 2-Chlorophenol And Benzene, Manjari Singh

Theses

Activated sludges acclimated with phenol and 2-chlorophenol in one case, and a mixture of benzene, toluene, and o, in and p-xylene in another case, were characterized for biodegradation of 2-chlorophenol and benzene, respectively. Activated sludge was obtained from the Parsippany-Troy Hills Water Pollution Control Plant (NJ).

For both cases colonies were isolated before acclimation, after acclimation, and at the end of biodegradation studies. Since the unacclimated group was the same in both cases, there were a total of five different groups for which characterization was carried out.

For all the five groups together, a total of 54 isolates were obtained …

Computer Controlled Oxygen Bioreactor, Dinesh Sachdeva

Theses

A computer controlled oxygen bioreactor has been designed to obtain more accurate values for oxygen bioreactor requirements and to optimize oxygen productivity with respect to oxygen concentration. This study solves a specific problem relating to oxygen concentration measurement and bioreactor control. The proposed reactor system is computer controlled to insure a desired oxygen concentration supply to an oxygen consuming reaction or organism. This thesis also explains and illustrates the bioreactor and its computer control system.

The computer controller incorporates oxygen sensing, oxygen measurement and temperature measurement, Electrical circuits have been designed and built for proper signal conditioning, data acquisition, data …

The Spirit In Which It Is Made, Harry Michael Welsch

Theses

Because I believe my work speaks for itself and needs little defense, this thesis is primarily descriptive in nature. I feel that the functional format can be the basis for a valid aesthetic statement, and that it is as potentially expressive as any other format in clay. I indicated in my thesis statement that I would create a body of functional work that would convey a sense of energy, movement, and vitality through the exploration of form, surface treatment, and high-fire techniques. With my greatest strides being in the development of form, I feel I have been able to accomplish …

Mathematical Model Of A Continuous Sterilization System For Fermentation Media Containing Suspended Solids, Mark A. Leskowicz

Theses

A mathematical model has been developed for a continuous sterilization system where the role of suspended solids on the overall degree of sterilization achieved is taken into account. Evaluation of a "typical" commercial continuous sterilization system showed the role of suspended solids to have little effect on the overall sterilization obtained. For continuous sterilization systems operating in a total residence time of less than one minute, the role of solids may become important and should be evaluated.

A Study Of The Effect Of Some Inhibitors On The Corrosion Rates Of Austenitic Stainless Steels In Sulfuric Acid, Shang-Yinn Chiou

Theses

Four sulfur-containing and three nitrogen-containing organic compounds have been tested as inhibitors for four different austenitic stainless steels-SS304, S5316, SS317L, and SS41O-in 10-50 weight% sulfuric acid solutions respectively. Results confirmed that the sulfur-containing compounds were more effective than the nitrogen-containing compounds. The effect of sodium iodide additions on the behaviours of two of the nitrogen-containing compounds was also studied. The synergistic effect caused by the 1 ion was essential for nitrogen-containing compounds as inhibitors in sulfuric acid solution.

Thermal Desorption Of Hazardous And Toxic Organic Compounds From Soil Matrices, Sarah Calandra

Theses

The purpose of this research project was to determine feasiblity to remove organic contaminants from various soil matrices by thermal desorption and gas purge. The volatization and gas purge of organic contaminants from the soil increases under the influence of heat and inert gas.

The work was done in two parts. First, under isothermal conditions, organic compounds were injected as a plug unto columns that contained real or simulated soil matrices. These columns were continuously purged with a carrier gas (nitrogen) and a gas chromatogragh equipped with Flame Ionization Detector but no added column other than the soil was used …

The Kinetics Of Degradation Of 1,2-Dichloroethane, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane And 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane In A Photoreactor Using Ozone, Hydrogen-Peroxide And Ultraviolet Radiation, Yuan-Shen Li

Theses

The experiments to oxidize the refractory chemicals, 1,2- Dichloroethane, 1,1,1-Trichlotoethane and 1,1,2,2- Tetrachloroethane using Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide and Ultraviolet Radiation have been conducted in a ss-304 photoreactor. The reaction kinetic models have been proposed and through the experiments we demonstrate that these models for these compounds perfectly. Analysis is done by gas chromatograph for the substrate concentration and the gas/liquid mass transfer coefficients are calculated. The reaction late constants are determined by use of the Rosenbrock Hillclimb Optimization Algorithm in conjunction with the Fourth-Order Runge- Kutta method on a digital computer. By comparing the effects of O₃,O_{3 …}

One-Dimensional Parametric Inverse Scattering For Lossless Dispersive Media, Frank Gangi

Theses

In this thesis, the effects of high frequency noise on a perturbational inversion algorithm for a stratified dispersive medium are investigated. It is shown that the perturbational algorithm becomes unstable under high frequency noise. The physical origin of this instability is discussed.

In order to enhance the robustness of the perturbational inverse scattering solution, a parametric inversion algorithm is implemented. The improvement by the use of a parametric inversion is given quantitatively by the profile-to-error ratio (PER). Examples of the two-pole and the three-pole reflection coefficients are compared and contrasted.

Statistical Multiplexing Of Video Sources For Packet Switching Networks, Krishna Kancherla

Theses

Communication networks are fast evolving towards truly integrated networks handling all types of traffic. They employ integrated switching technologies for voice. video and data. Statistical or asynchronous time division multiplexing of full motion video sources is an initial step towards packetized video networks. The main goal is to utilize the common communication channel efficiently, without loosing quality at the receiver. This work discusses the concept of using statistical multiplexing for packet video communications. The topology of a single internal packet network to support ISDN services has been adopted. Simulations have been carried out to demonstrate the statistical smoothing effect of …

Investigation Of Benzo(A)Pyrene In Outdoor Air, Indoor Air And Personal Inhalation Air, Hsiu-Wen Chen

Theses

The assessment of human exposure to an environmental contaminant requires the measurement of the concentrations levels present in each pathway of possible contact.

This was an investigation of human exposure to an environmental pollutant, benzo(a)pyrene, in outdoor air, indoor air and personal inhalation air samples. The analytical procedure involved extraction by ultrasonic and separation by thin layer chromatography, and detection by fluorescence. The resulting data was used to develop a profile of indoor and outdoor human exposure to B(a)P during the year.

Thermal Desorption Of Hazardous And Toxic Organic Compounds, Manuel S. Nolau

Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to study the thermal desorption behavior of toxic organic compounds, specifically o-xylene, p-xylene, ethyl benzene, p-chlorotoluene, and anthracene, from soil with respect to temperature and time, and to develop a mathematical model that will describe this desorption behavior. The model will allow prediction of the concentration of an organic contaminant in commercial soil desorption system over time given a known set of parameters of the specific chemical as well as flow rate and temperature. For this purpose, two sets of experiments were done: These are identified as 1. Thermal desorption and 2. plug flow …

Reactor Design For Hazardous Waste Treatment Using Immobilized Phanerochaete Chrysosporium, Ikram Ul Haq

Theses

The degradation of 2-Chlorophenol by Phanerochaete chrysosporium, a white rot fungus, was studied in three different reactor configurations, namely a batch reactor, a chemostatic reactor with the fungus immobilized on a silica based porous biocatalyst, and a packed bed reactor utilizing balsa wood chips as packing.

Preliminary experiments indicated that the use of porous solid support improved the degradation rate in batch reactor and chemostatic reactor. However, the packed bed configuration was found to be superior, and was studied in greater detail. The apparent Michaelis-Menten kinetic constants were obtained for the packed bed reactor.

Determination Of Benzo(A)Pyrene Metabolites In The Bile Of Winter Flounder From The New York Bight, Xingmin Liu

Theses

A method for detecting the concentration of BaP Metabolites in fish tissues has been developed. The analytical procedure includes extraction of PAH and BaP Metabolites from fish bile, liver extract and muscle extract; reduction of metabolites to BaP using hydriodic acid; and subsequent analysis of the BaP by thin layer chromatography with fluorescence detection. The method is applied to tissues from fish collected from polluted as well as clean reference waters and experimental tanks with dilutions of treated industrial wastewater. Experimental results on one kind of bottom-dwelling fish, winter flounder, which comes from the Hudson-Raritan Estuary, NY, where the water …

Nonlinear, Metal-Clad Optical Waveguide, Bhavesh Patel

Theses

Planar optical waveguides consisting of different types of films including nonlinear films with metal cladding have been studied theoretically. Ideal metal cladding with σ = ∞ and nonideal metal cladding with σ ≠ ∞, that is, with complex refractive index is considered to get electric field and wave number for TE₀ mode. For nonlinear material, approximate solution is derived in a series form using Rayleigh-Schrodinger method. The appropriate eigenvalue equations are solved by Newton-Raphson iteration method. For self-focusing media in the center, the propagation constant increases with increasing power and with self-focusing media in the cladding the propagation constant …

Laboratory Model Studies Of Pneumatic Fracturing Of Soils To Remove Volatile Organic Compounds, Panayiotis Papanicolaou

Theses

Bench-scale laboratory studies were conducted from January 1988 to October 1988 to demonstrate the feasibility of using Pneumatic Fracturing* to enhance the removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from the vadose soil zone. Experiments were conducted to investigate: 1) The effect of pneumatic fracturing on the rate of contaminant removal; and 2) the injection pressures required to initiate soil fracturing.

Contaminated soil was placed and compacted in three identical 15 inch square by 30 inch high plexiglass tanks. The first tank was equipped with a vapor extraction system consisting of vacuum and/or positive air injection. The second tank was equipped with …

Measurement Of Biodegradation Aniline, 2,4-Dichlorophenol, 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene Using Microcalorimetric Method, Lung-Weng Yao

Theses

Biodegradation of aniline, 2,4-dichloro-phenol, and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene by using micro-calorimetric method under aerobic condition has been investigated. The rate of heat energy output during the course of log growth phase was kinetically expressed by inhibition equation. The constants of Um(the maximum energy production rate), Ks(saturation rate), Ki(inhibition constant), and n(degree of inhibition) has been of 8.764hr-1, 0.13mg/L, 0.136mg/L, and 4.6 for 2,4-DCP; 3.33hr-1, 0.315mg/L, 0.35mg/L, and 1.4 for 1,24-TCB; 3.639hr-1, 0.4485mg/L, 0.485mg/L, and 5 for aniline.

Csma/Cd Lan Performance : Modeling And Simulation In Csim, Nanda K. Kanuri

Theses

A simulation model to analyze the performance of CSMA/CD protocol is developed. CSIM, a process oriented simulation language, is used. Performance measures such as throughput, average delay and maximum delay per packet are presented. System performance is analyzed for different loads, number of stations, and network lengths, with packet length as parameter. By trading off the throughput and delay time, an optium packet length can be selected from simulated performance curves. A general scheme for MAC protocols modeling is provided.

Distributed Data Collection System Based On Hierarchical Network, Harish Mahindrakar

Theses

On line data collection systems are essential in order to satisfy the requirements for real-time applications. Typical applications are computer integrated manufacturing, security control, hourly wage calculations, human resources management. On line data collection system makes it possible to closely monitor and track different operations with more accuracy. On line data collection systems eliminate redundant work, save time and money.

If the distributed system is based on a multicontroller, it becomes really cost effective solution to build such a system.

This effort is the design of a distributed multicontroller system, required in a data collection system. A hierarchical network is …

Simplicity Of Form, Tricia Harrison

Theses

Not Included

Simplicity Of Form, Tricia Harrison

Theses

None provided.

Selection And Analysis Of Optimal Textural Features For Accurate Classification Of Monochrome Digitized Image Data, Denis J. Robert

Theses

A feature-selection technique based on measures of global class separability in multidimensional feature space is proposed for classifying monochrome digitized imagery by machine. Feature-selection procedures are an essential step in optimal classification in reduced feature space. Textural features constitute the type of measurements used to characterize image data due to its monochrome nature. IV The ability of the proposed feature-selection technique to provide an optimal environment for classifying image pixels is measured by the Gaussian Maximum Likelihood method. The appropriateness of using textural features to characterize monochrome digital image data is assessed in similar fashion. The robustness of the proposed …

A Graphic Identity Program For The Thousand Acre Swamp Sanctuary, Cynthia B. Hummel

Theses

People have often failed to appreciate the significance of wetlands. Lack of awareness has caused wetlands to be drained, filled, and polluted, to meet shortterm human needs. One half of the original 215 million acres of wetlands in the United States no longer exist. Best estimates indicate that we are continuing to loose 458,000 acres of our remaining wetlands each year. Wetlands have an enormous ability to produce and support plant and animal life. They rank among the most productive ecosystems in the world, and produce as much plant growth as tropical jungles, and 20 times as much plant material …

Photomontage: The Art Of Persuasion, Jessica Loy

Theses

The purpose of my thesis is to study the photomontage medium and its contribution to graphic design. I will begin with an academic research project which will concentrate on the specific use of photomontage by designers of the avant-garde period through the 1940s. This research will be completed by a written paper.

Interactive Interface Design: Graphic Design Archive Prototype 2.0, Cathleen Britt

Theses

None provided.

Public Education Program For The Seneca Park Zoo, Liana R. Colón Badillo

Theses

None provided.

2d Special Effects On The Genigraphics 100 D+, Jane M. Wood

Theses

None provided.