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Opening The Ears That Science Closed: Transforming Qualitative Data Using Oral Coding, James A. Bernauer
Opening The Ears That Science Closed: Transforming Qualitative Data Using Oral Coding, James A. Bernauer
The Qualitative Report
The purpose of this article is to describe an alternative method for transcribing and transforming (analyzing and interpreting) oral data collected from interviews. Rather than record and then immediately transcribe data, the “oral coding” approach relies on a Three-Phase Approach. Phase One involves extended and reflective listening to the original interview data. This extended time with data in its original oral form enables researchers to construct both propositional and tacit knowledge in relation to the phenomenon being investigated. Intensive encounters with the original data are continued during the Second Phase of analysis and interpretation by re-recording on another device those …
A Critical Case Study Of Selected U.S. History Textbooks From A Tribal Critical Race Theory Perspective, Gary Padgett
A Critical Case Study Of Selected U.S. History Textbooks From A Tribal Critical Race Theory Perspective, Gary Padgett
The Qualitative Report
The purpose of this study was to describe and explain the portrayal of American Indians in U.S. textbooks selected for review in Hillsborough County, Florida’s 2012 textbook adoption. The study identified which of the textbooks under consideration contained the greatest amount of information dedicated to American Indians and analyzed how that information was portrayed. The exploratory question that guided this study was, under what conditions can Tribal Critical Race Theory help illuminate how American Indians are portrayed in textbooks? The methodology used is a critical case study (Janesick, 2004; Rubin & Rubin, 2005). The Five Great Values, as developed by …
Ethics And/Or Success In Conducting Organization Studies: A Habermasian Account, Fabio Vizeu
Ethics And/Or Success In Conducting Organization Studies: A Habermasian Account, Fabio Vizeu
The Qualitative Report
In the world of Organization research, some words are used by scholarswith a specific political purpose: two of these are ethics and emancipation. The second is used to recall the social purpose ofthe academic community, which can be donefromseveral perspectives (for example, that of Critical Management Studies). Regarding ethics, organization researchers often use this word to denounce managerial practices.Their researchcommonly reports the ideological orientation of such management practices as imply unethical behaviour. In this sense, the unethical orientation of managers has been seen as something masked by a manipulative discourse, which has built the false impression that management practices are …
Three Approaches To Case Study Methods In Education: Yin, Merriam, And Stake, Bedrettin Yazan
Three Approaches To Case Study Methods In Education: Yin, Merriam, And Stake, Bedrettin Yazan
The Qualitative Report
Case study methodology has long been a contested terrain in social sciences research which is characterized by varying, sometimes opposing, approaches espoused by many research methodologists. Despite being one of the most frequently used qualitative research methodologies in educational research, the methodologists do not have a full consensus on the design and implementation of case study, which hampers its full evolution. Focusing on the landmark works of three prominent methodologists, namely Robert Yin, Sharan Merriam, Robert Stake, I attempt to scrutinize the areas where their perspectives diverge, converge and complement one another in varying dimensions of case study research. I …
A Report On An Arts-Led, Emotive Experiment In Interviewing And Storytelling, Kip Jones
A Report On An Arts-Led, Emotive Experiment In Interviewing And Storytelling, Kip Jones
The Qualitative Report
This paper reports on a two-day experimental workshop in arts-led interviewing technique using ephemera to illicit life stories and then reporting narrative accounts back using creative means of presentation. Academics and students from across Schools at Bournemouth University told each other stories from their pasts based in objects that they presented to each other as gifts. Each partner then reported the shared story to the group using arts-led presentation methods. Narrative research and the qualitative interview are discussed. The conclusion is drawn that academics yearn to express the more emotive connections generated by listening to the stories of strangers. The …
The Power Gossip And Rumour Have In Shaping Online Identity And Reputation: A Critical Discourse Analysis, Michael Nycyk
The Power Gossip And Rumour Have In Shaping Online Identity And Reputation: A Critical Discourse Analysis, Michael Nycyk
The Qualitative Report
What is posted on the Internet about a person’s identity and reputation has the potential power to affect others’ perceptions of them. This study aims to understand and describe how this occurs by undertaking a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of the website Lamebook. It asks in what ways people’s online identity and reputation are shaped by others, or by one’s self, that may influence others’ opinions about them and how is this being done? The results suggest several characteristics of power relations are being exercised by people against others and themselves that harm their identity and reputation. These are achieved …
Interpreting Online Discussions: Connecting Artifacts And Experiences In User Studies, Jörgen Skågeby
Interpreting Online Discussions: Connecting Artifacts And Experiences In User Studies, Jörgen Skågeby
The Qualitative Report
This paper presents a methodological effort to connect the specifics of technologies to the details of social practices, in an attempt to deepen our understanding of evolving sociotechnical cultures. More specifically, this paper describes a methodological framework that makes use of online discussions as a vital source of data. The reason the paper focuses on online discussion is that the Internet has become a natural habitat for discussions of high-end technologies, be they physical products or online services. The framework combines interpretative research and attribute-consequence-value (ACV) chain theory – a theory commonly applied to market and consumer research – to …
Exploring The Lived-Experience Of Limerence: A Journey Toward Authenticity, Lynn Willmott, Evie Bentley
Exploring The Lived-Experience Of Limerence: A Journey Toward Authenticity, Lynn Willmott, Evie Bentley
The Qualitative Report
Limerence is an acute onset, unexpected, obsessive attachment to one person, the Limerent Object, which is rarely reported in scientific literature. Presented here is an interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore the livedexperience of six international Limerent respondents. The condition's unique and common journey is conceptualised in a Limerence Trajectory, which is characterized by generally sequential yet overlapping super-ordinate themes. The themes primarily regard experiences of ruminative thinking, free floating anxiety and depression temporarily fixated and the disintegration of the self. These themes are further linked to an inclination to reintegrate unresolved past life(s) experiences and to progress to a state …
Constructing Grammar Instruction In The Omani Elt System: A Critical Literacy Perspective, Ali Al-Issa
Constructing Grammar Instruction In The Omani Elt System: A Critical Literacy Perspective, Ali Al-Issa
The Qualitative Report
Debate in the literature has been ongoing about whether to teach English language grammar explicitly, implicitly or integrate both approaches to achieve optimal learning. This research paper, hence, discusses this issue from an ideological perspective with a particular reference to the Omani English language teaching (ELT) education system. The paper triangulates data from various semi-structured interviews made with different agents involved in the Omani ELT education system, the pertinent literature, The Philosophy and Guidelines for the Omani English Language School Curriculum, which I will herewith refer to as the National English Language Policy/Plan (NELP), other policy texts and the English …
Analyzing Flying Chameleons: Using Autoethnography To Explore Change In The Female Educator, Leslie Pourreau
Analyzing Flying Chameleons: Using Autoethnography To Explore Change In The Female Educator, Leslie Pourreau
The Qualitative Report
What is a chameleon in the world of education? What defines her professionally, personally, and why? In this autoethnography, I explore the chameleon metaphor for meanings and implications in my personal and professional identity as a female educator by seeking answers to questions stemming from Mitchell and Weber (2005): Just who do I think I am? Just who do I think I am? Just who do I think I am? Just who do I think I am? I analyzed my own autobiographical journals using the four-part Listening Guide (Gilligan, Spencer, Weinberg, & Bertsch, 2003) coupled with theme-based family coding to …
The Influence Of Confucianism On Identity Formation Of A Multi-Skilled Migrant: An Autoethnography, Annabella Fung
The Influence Of Confucianism On Identity Formation Of A Multi-Skilled Migrant: An Autoethnography, Annabella Fung
The Qualitative Report
In this autoethnographical study, I examine how my identities were influenced by Confucianism. Two main Confucian concepts were examined: “selfperfection,” and “filial piety and submissiveness.” As a migrant who left Macau for Australia at fifteen, I have been immersed in diverse cultural climates, experienced gender bias, identity crisis and racial discrimination. I consider all experiences as essential steps of my evolution with ethnographic, interpretative, phenomenological and narrative understandings. This paper introduces the term “seasonal fluctuations” as a way to describe the changing meanings of my lived experiences that were interrogated by my three distinctive personalities: The Writer, The Interpreter and …
"Go For Broke And Speak Your Mind!" Building A Community Of Practice With Bilingual Pre-Service Teachers, Hyesun Cho
"Go For Broke And Speak Your Mind!" Building A Community Of Practice With Bilingual Pre-Service Teachers, Hyesun Cho
The Qualitative Report
Despite the popularity of communities of practice (CoP) in education, there is a paucity of research on teacher preparation programs that are deliberately created to build and sustain CoP to help bilingual pre-service teachers’ learning. This qualitative study describes how a community of practice was purposefully developed in a teacher preparation program for bilingual undergraduates in Hawaii. Using multiple forms of qualitative data, such as classroom transcripts, interviews, online discussion posts, and reflection journals, I illustrate how a cohort of pre-service teachers and their instructor created a facilitative and reflective classroom community of practice. Using narrative inquiry and thematic analysis, …
The Lived Experience Of Honduran And Usa Nursing Students Working Together In A Study Abroad Program, Lorinda J. Sealey, Donna Hathorn
The Lived Experience Of Honduran And Usa Nursing Students Working Together In A Study Abroad Program, Lorinda J. Sealey, Donna Hathorn
The Qualitative Report
Nursing study abroad is one approach to preparing student nurses to work more effectively in international environments as well as at home with culturally diverse clients. These programs foster self-reflection by permitting students to spend considerable time immersed in different cultures, thus exposing them to clients with different health beliefs and values. The authors of this transformational phenomenological study examined the lived experience of American and Honduran nursing students working collaboratively during a nursing study abroad program. One-time audio-recorded semi structured interviews were conducted to gather data from American and Honduran students. Six themes emerged: Communication (i.e., language and communication …
Cultural Proximity And Reflexivity In Interpreting Transnational Media Texts: The Case Of Malaysians Consuming Japanese Popular Culture, Eriko Yamato
The Qualitative Report
Television programs such as animation and drama series from Japan have become common transnational products in Malaysia. Since studies on Malaysians who consume Japanese popular culture are lacking even a decade after its substantial rise in popularity, this qualitative study was designed to explore the media consumption of Japanese popular culture in Malaysia. In this article I examined how Malaysians are interpreting their favorite media texts from Japan specifically revisiting the concepts of “cultural proximity” and “reflexivity” suggested in the other studies of Japanese popular culture and the audience. I conducted in-depth interviews with 12 participants who have been consuming …
A Sensitive Question: Asking About Race In A Research Interview, Laura O'Hare
A Sensitive Question: Asking About Race In A Research Interview, Laura O'Hare
The Qualitative Report
Conversations are significant, but often overlooked cultural sites where attitudes, beliefs, and values about race are both reified and challenged. As such, these sites deserve increased scholarly attention (Allen, 2007). We employed Brown and Levinson’s Politeness Theory as a framework to examine the discursive strategies used by 11 interviewers in a research context as they asked 115 patient participants (taking part in a larger study of patients at a community-based family medicine residency clinic) to identify their race, as well as to identify the discursive strategies used by patient participants who answered this question. Our analysis revealed that in their …
Converting Capital: The Experiences Of Latinas/Os In Graduate Health Care Programs, Maristela C. Zell
Converting Capital: The Experiences Of Latinas/Os In Graduate Health Care Programs, Maristela C. Zell
The Qualitative Report
This qualitative study combines critical race theory, cultural capital theory, and counter-storytelling to examine the experiences of Latina/o in graduate health care programs. Community cultural wealth provided the framework to investigate the mechanisms by which students converted their sociocultural assets into the kinds of social, cultural, and educational capital needed to succeed in a graduate program and pursue their career goals. A qualitative content analysis was employed to interpret participants’ conversion experiences. The forms of community cultural wealth described by Yosso – aspirational, linguistic, familial, navigational, social, and resistant – intersected and interacted with one another. Aspirational and linguistic forms …
Expert Opinion? A Micro-Analysis Of Eating Disorder Talk On Dr. Phil, Andrea Lamarre, Olga Sutherland
Expert Opinion? A Micro-Analysis Of Eating Disorder Talk On Dr. Phil, Andrea Lamarre, Olga Sutherland
The Qualitative Report
In this study, we explored how eating and identities of individuals diagnosed with eating disorders are constructed on a popular television talk show, Dr. Phil. Informed by conversation analytic and discursive psychological research traditions, we show how Dr. Phil, jointly with guests, constitutes guests as mentally ill and accountable for their illness. Specifically, we highlight Dr. Phil’s unilateral pursuit of a solution to the “puzzle” of the eating disorder, including its origins and meanings, as he enlists the guests’ endorsement of his versions of their situations and experiences. We examine broader implications of such a framing for societal understandings of …
Ethical Dilemmas Of Emerging Latina Researchers: Studying Schools Serving Latina Communities, P. Zitlali Morales, Lilia D. Monzo
Ethical Dilemmas Of Emerging Latina Researchers: Studying Schools Serving Latina Communities, P. Zitlali Morales, Lilia D. Monzo
The Qualitative Report
This article explores some of the ethical dilemmas we have encountered as emerging Latina researchers in dual language school contexts. Informed by Chicana Feminist Theory, we attempt to analyze power in more nuanced ways, shifting the analysis of ethics away from traditional notions of power based only within the researcher rather than the participants. While we do not offer solutions to these dilemmas, we raise questions that we hope will spur thoughtful reflection and move the field of educational research into more equitable and ethical research practices across contexts.
Fundamental Assumptions In Narrative Analysis: Mapping The Field, Dominique Robert, Shaul Shenhav
Fundamental Assumptions In Narrative Analysis: Mapping The Field, Dominique Robert, Shaul Shenhav
The Qualitative Report
The richness of narrative analysis resides in its unruly openness, but points of reference are needed to tame the variety in the field. This article suggests that researchers should grapple with two fundamental questions when conducting narrative analysis. The first pertains to the status attributed to narrative: it is defined as the very fabric of human existence or as one representational device among others? Emphasizing one answer over the other means mobilizing different theories of representation and therefore, suggesting different articulations between "narrative" and "reality." The second question refers to the perspective developed on narrative: Is it defined mostly as …
My Story: An Authoethnographical Account Of Being A Phd Candidate, Rod Pitcher
My Story: An Authoethnographical Account Of Being A Phd Candidate, Rod Pitcher
The Qualitative Report
This paper is an autoethnographical account of my PhD candidature. It shows how the work affected my development as a researcher and also as a person. As I near the end I realise that the process of doing a PhD has changed me beyond recognition. I am no longer the naive undergraduate student of the recent past. I have developed beyond that. I discuss some of the important influences on me during my candidature and how they changed me and my way of thinking about myself and my work.
Living With Cancer Aged 75 And Older: A Biographical Narrative Case-Study, Nicholas David Hughes
Living With Cancer Aged 75 And Older: A Biographical Narrative Case-Study, Nicholas David Hughes
The Qualitative Report
Aging is associated with greater incidence of disease and illness, including cancers. Extensive literature reports incidence, prevalence, and treatment of cancers in older individuals. The subjective perceptions of older individuals undergoing the experience of cancer remain largely unknown. The case-study reported in this article is derived from a larger study whose aim was to investigate the experiences of older people of living with cancer. Data were generated using narrative interviews with 20 individuals aged 76-87 diagnosed with one of four common cancers. Interview data were analysed using the concept of the “illness trajectory” (Corbin & Strauss, 1988). In this article …
Exploring The Subaltern Voices: A Study Of Community Radio Reporters (Crr's) In Rural India, Dhanraj A. Patil
Exploring The Subaltern Voices: A Study Of Community Radio Reporters (Crr's) In Rural India, Dhanraj A. Patil
The Qualitative Report
Despite India’s remarkable communication media revolution the rural subalterns remained uninformed, unheard and voiceless, who asks the question: Whose Media, Whose Voice? This created a space for community radio (CR) because it is of, for, and by the community. However, in spite of the alternative, counter-hegemonic, and participatory communication ethos, the contribution of CR’s and CRR’s lingered unexplored and unacknowledged. To bridge this gap, within the theoretical framework of alternative-media-theory this study has been undertaken. Based on case studies of India’s pioneer CR’s (Sangam Radio and Radio Bundelkhand) using media ethnography tools a qualitative inquiry was carried out. Findings suggest …
The Use Of Recursive Frame Analysis On An Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy Session, Yanqun Peng
The Use Of Recursive Frame Analysis On An Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy Session, Yanqun Peng
The Qualitative Report
Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy (EFT) is an evidence0based therapy model. It has been viewed as an empirical approach to couple therapy, and it has lasting treatment effects (Johnson, 2004; Greenman & Johnson, 2013). However, Greenman and Johnson (2013) also argued that there is still a lack of research concerning the EFT process. This study focuses on connections between theory and practice by analyzing the EFT process. Recursive Frame Analysis (RFA), a tool developed by Chenail and Keeney to map therapeutic conversation (Chenail, 1993; Chenail, 1995; Keeney, 1987), is used here as a research method to examine Sue Johnson’s use of …
Reducing Confusion About Grounded Theory And Qualitative Content Analysis: Similarities And Differences, Ji Young Cho, Eun-Hee Lee
Reducing Confusion About Grounded Theory And Qualitative Content Analysis: Similarities And Differences, Ji Young Cho, Eun-Hee Lee
The Qualitative Report
Although grounded theory and qualitative content analysis are similar in some respects, they differ as well; yet the differences between the two have rarely been made clear in the literature. The purpose of this article was to clarify ambiguities and reduce confusion about grounded theory and qualitative content analysis by identifying similarities and differences in the two based on a literature review and critical reflection on the authors’ own research. Six areas of difference emerged: (a) background and philosophical base, (b) unique characteristics of each method, (c) goals and rationale of each method, (d) data analysis process, (e) outcomes of …
Methodological Considerations For Qualitative Research With Immigrant Populations: Lessons From Two Studies, Yu Lu, Mary W. Gatua
Methodological Considerations For Qualitative Research With Immigrant Populations: Lessons From Two Studies, Yu Lu, Mary W. Gatua
The Qualitative Report
Often, research strategies are guided by principles developed based on mainstream U.S. cultural norms. Immigrants, however, may differ in their cultural backgrounds and previous exposure to research. Commonly adopted research procedures, such as the informed consent process, may be culturally inappropriate for research with culturally diverse populations, and hence require cultural adaptations. Based on two qualitative studies, this paper describes the methodological issues encountered in the field when working with Chinese and Kenyan immigrants, and explains how these issues were resolved. Comparing and synthesizing experiences from the two studies, recommendations for methodological adaptations when working with immigrant populations are provided. …
The Adaptation Of The Horn Of Africa Immigrant Students In Higher Education, Tekleab Elos Hailu, Heng-Yu Ku
The Adaptation Of The Horn Of Africa Immigrant Students In Higher Education, Tekleab Elos Hailu, Heng-Yu Ku
The Qualitative Report
The purpose of this study was to explore the challenges first generation immigrant students from the Horn of Africa encountered in their college learning in the United States and the strategies they used to succeed. The participants in the study were ten first generation immigrant students from the countries in the Horn of Africa. A case study was used as a qualitative methodological approach and three data sources namely questionnaire, intensive interviews, and observations were used to collect and analyze data. The results revealed that language difficulties, financial problems, lack of culture awareness, time constraints, and inadequate guidance are challenges …
Exercising Autonomous Learning Approaches Through Interactive Notebooks: A Qualitative Case Study, Vani S. Jaladanki, Kakali Bhattacharya
Exercising Autonomous Learning Approaches Through Interactive Notebooks: A Qualitative Case Study, Vani S. Jaladanki, Kakali Bhattacharya
The Qualitative Report
Grounded in the theoretical framework of interpretivism, the purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the experiences of a teacher from an inner city high school in South Texas when using interactive notebooks to inform students’ understanding of physics concepts. The participant for the study was purposefully selected with an intention to gain an in-depth understanding of the experiences. Data collection incorporated multiple methods such as interviews, participant observations, and document analysis. Descriptive, In-vivo, process, and Labovian six-part model of narrative coding were used to reduce and manage data. The codes were grouped into eight categories. Two major …
The Accordion And The Deep Bowl Of Spaghetti: Eight Researchers' Experiences Of Using Ipa As A Methodology, Chris Wagstaff, Hyeseung Jeong, Maeve Nolan, Tony Wilson, Julie Tweedlie, Elly Phillips, Halia Senu, Fiona Holland
The Accordion And The Deep Bowl Of Spaghetti: Eight Researchers' Experiences Of Using Ipa As A Methodology, Chris Wagstaff, Hyeseung Jeong, Maeve Nolan, Tony Wilson, Julie Tweedlie, Elly Phillips, Halia Senu, Fiona Holland
The Qualitative Report
Since 1996 Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) has grown rapidly and been applied in areas outside its initial “home” of health psychology. However, explorations of its application from a researcher's perspective are scarce. This paper provides reflections on the experiences of eight individual researchers using IPA in diverse disciplinary fields and cultures. The research studies were conducted in the USA, Malaysia, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and the UK by researchers with backgrounds in business management, consumer behaviour, mental health nursing, nurse education, applied linguistics, clinical psychology, health and education. They variously explored media awareness, employee commitment, disengagement from mental health services, …
Chinese Biology Teaching Assistants' Perception Of Their English Proficiency: An Exploratory Case Study, Xuan Jiang
Chinese Biology Teaching Assistants' Perception Of Their English Proficiency: An Exploratory Case Study, Xuan Jiang
The Qualitative Report
Many Chinese graduate students are teaching assistants (TAs) in mathematics, science and engineering departments in the U.S. universities. TAs’ English proficiency has been a subject of concern or even criticism for years in the U.S. However, only one research has been found around international TAs’ English proficiency per discipline. No research has been found about Chinese TAs’ English proficiency. None has been done on Chinese TA’s perception of their English proficiency in biology. With this gap noticed, I deployed interviews to explore what the three biology TAs perceived as to their English proficiency. The study found that their perception was …
A Qualitative Inquiry Into The Life Experiences Of Unaccompanied Korean Adolescents In The United States, Tae-Sik Kim
A Qualitative Inquiry Into The Life Experiences Of Unaccompanied Korean Adolescents In The United States, Tae-Sik Kim
The Qualitative Report
Recognizing the lack of comprehensive academic study concerning the life experiences of unaccompanied Korean adolescents overseas, this study inquired into many aspects of the daily life of the young sojourners. In order to achieve a comprehensive understanding of their living experiences, the present study set broad research questions: What do unaccompanied adolescents experience in host homes, schools, and communities in the United States? How do they build personal relationships with people in the United States? How do they deal with new experiences in different sociocultural environments? A total of 31 Korean students in Oklahoma City, Boston, and Dallas participated in …