Digital Commons Network^™

Macrophages Fuel Skeletal Muscle Regeneration, Joel D. Schilling

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Chromosome-Level Genome Of Astyanax Mexicanus Surface Fish For Comparing Population-Specific Genetic Differences Contributing To Trait Evolution, Wesley C. Warren, Chad Tomlinson, Milinn Kremitzki, Tina Graves-Lindsay, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The Dark Side Of The Gut: Virome-Host Interactions In Intestinal Homeostasis And Disease, Yuhao Li, Scott A. Handley, Megan T. Baldridge

Open Access Publications

The diverse enteric viral communities that infect microbes and the animal host collectively constitute the gut virome. Although recent advances in sequencing and analysis of metaviromes have revealed the complexity of the virome and facilitated discovery of new viruses, our understanding of the enteric virome is still incomplete. Recent studies have uncovered how virome-host interactions can contribute to beneficial or detrimental outcomes for the host. Understanding the complex interactions between enteric viruses and the intestinal immune system is a prerequisite for elucidating their role in intestinal diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of the enteric virome composition and …

Integrating Imaging And Rna-Seq Improves Outcome Prediction In Cervical Cancer, Jin Zhang, Ramachandran Rashmi, Matthew Inkman, Kay Jayachandran, Fiona Ruiz, Michael R Waters, Perry W Grigsby, Stephanie Markovina, Julie K Schwarz

Open Access Publications

Approaches using a single type of data have been applied to classify human tumors. Here we integrate imaging features and transcriptomic data using a prospectively collected tumor bank. We demonstrate that increased maximum standardized uptake value on pretreatment 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography correlates with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) gene expression. We derived and validated 3 major molecular groups, namely squamous epithelial, squamous mesenchymal, and adenocarcinoma, using prospectively collected institutional (n = 67) and publicly available (n = 304) data sets. Patients with tumors of the squamous mesenchymal subtype showed inferior survival outcomes compared with the other 2 molecular groups. High mesenchymal gene …

Concordance Of Antibiotic Prescribing With The American Dental Association Acute Oral Infection Guidelines Within Veterans' Affairs (Va) Dentistry, Daniel B Carlsen, Michael J Durkin, Gretchen Gibson, M Marianne Jurasic, Ursula Patel, Linda Poggensee, Margaret A Fitzpatrick, Kelly Echevarria, Jessina Mcgregor, Charlesnika T Evans, Katie J Suda

Open Access Publications

OBJECTIVE: United States dentists prescribe 10% of all outpatient antibiotics. Assessing appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing has been challenging due to a lack of guidelines for oral infections. In 2019, the American Dental Association (ADA) published clinical practice guidelines (CPG) on the management of acute oral infections. Our objective was to describe baseline national antibiotic prescribing for acute oral infections prior to the release of the ADA CPG and to identify patient-level variables associated with an antibiotic prescription.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis.

METHODS: We performed an analysis of national VA data from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2017. We identified cases …

Rural-Urban Differences In Antibiotic Prescribing For Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection, Abbye W Clark, Michael J Durkin, Margaret A Olsen, Matthew Keller, Yinjiao Ma, Caroline A O'Neil, Anne M Butler

Open Access Publications

OBJECTIVE: To examine rural-urban differences in temporal trends and risk of inappropriate antibiotic use by agent and duration among women with uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI).

DESIGN: Observational cohort study.

METHODS: Using the IBM MarketScan Commercial Database (2010-2015), we identified US commercially insured women aged 18-44 years coded for uncomplicated UTI and prescribed an oral antibiotic agent. We classified antibiotic agents and durations as appropriate versus inappropriate based on clinical guidelines. Rural-urban status was defined by residence in a metropolitan statistical area. We used modified Poisson regression to determine the association between rural-urban status and inappropriate antibiotic receipt, accounting for …

Ascending Dorsal Column Sensory Neurons Respond To Spinal Cord Injury And Downregulate Genes Related To Lipid Metabolism, Eric E. Ewan, Oshri Avraham, Dan Carlin, Tassia Mangetti Gonçalves, Guoyan Zhao, Valeria Cavalli

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Autophagy Buffers Ras-Induced Genotoxic Stress Enabling Malignant Transformation In Keratinocytes Primed By Human Papillomavirus, Eduardo Cararo-Lopes, Matheus H. Dias, Marcelo S. Da Silva, Julianna D. Zeidler, Alexandre T. Vessoni, Marcelo S. Reis, Enrique Boccardo, Hugo A. Armelin

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Pilot Study Examining The Prognostic Utility Of Tumor Shrinkage On Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (Cbct) For Stage Iii Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Definitive Chemoradiation, Kylie H Kang, Jimmy T Efird, Tarun K Podder, Yuxia Zhang, Afshin Dowlati, Mitchell Machtay, Charulata Jindal, Tithi Biswas

Open Access Publications

There has been growing interest in utilizing information from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to help guide both treatment delivery and prognosis. In this assessment of locally advanced unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with definitive chemoradiation, we aimed to determine the survival advantage associated with using CBCT to measure tumor regression. Patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics were collected. The serial tumor shrinkage for each patient was determined from tumor volume contours on weekly CBCTs. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier technique and a Cox proportional hazards model. At least two-thirds of patients had a tumor volume …

Combined Systemic And Hepatic Artery Infusion Pump Chemo-Therapy As A Liver-Directed Therapy For Colorectal Liver Metastasis-Review Of Literature And Case Discussion, Salman Chaudhry, Ryan C Fields, Patrick M Grierson, Kian-Huat Lim

Open Access Publications

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy and the second most common cause of death in the US. Liver is the most common site of colorectal metastases. About 13% of patients with colorectal cancer have liver metastasis on initial presentation and 50% develop them during the disease course. Although systemic chemotherapy and immunotherapy are the mainstay treatment for patients with metastatic disease, for selected patients with predominant liver metastasis, liver-directed approaches may provide prolonged disease control when combined with systemic treatments. Hepatic artery infusion pump (HAIP) chemotherapy is an approach which allows direct infusion of chemotherapeutic into the …

Atoh7-Independent Specification Of Retinal Ganglion Cell Identity, Justin Brodie-Kommit, Brian S Clark, Fion Shiau, Philip A Ruzycki, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) relay visual information from the eye to the brain. RGCs are the first cell type generated during retinal neurogenesis. Loss of function of the transcription factor

Loss Of Quaking Rna Binding Protein Disrupts The Expression Of Genes Associated With Astrocyte Maturation In Mouse Brain, Kristina Sakers, Yating Liu, Lorida Llaci, Scott M. Lee, Michael J. Vasek, Michael A. Rieger, Sean Brophy, Eric Tycksen, Renate Lewis, Susan E. Maloney, Joseph D. Dougherty

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Microbiota Signals Suppress B Lymphopoiesis With Aging In Mice, Joseph R Krambs, Darlene A Monlish, Feng Gao, Laura G Schuettpelz, Daniel C Link

Open Access Publications

Aging is associated with significant changes in hematopoiesis that include a shift from lymphopoiesis to myelopoiesis and an expansion of phenotypic hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) with impaired self-renewal capacity and myeloid-skewed lineage differentiation. Signals from commensal flora support basal myelopoiesis in young mice; however, their contribution to hematopoietic aging is largely unknown. Here, we characterize hematopoiesis in young and middle-aged mice housed under specific pathogen free (SPF) and germ-free (GF) conditions. The marked shift from lymphopoiesis to myelopoiesis that develops during aging of SPF mice is mostly abrogated in GF mice. Compared with aged SPF mice, there is a marked …

Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Networks As A Quantitative Metric For Impact Of Neurosurgical Interventions, Peter H Yang, Carl D Hacker, Bhuvic Patel, Andy G S Daniel, Eric C Leuthardt

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Multi-Ancestry Genome-Wide Association Study Accounting For Gene-Psychosocial Factor Interactions Identifies Novel Loci For Blood Pressure Traits, Daokun Sun, Yun Ju Sung, Karen Schwander, Lisa De Las Fuentes, C Charles Gu, Laura Bierut, Dabeeru C. Rao, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Kratom Opioid Derivatives As Potential Treatment Option For Alcohol Use Disorder, Anna M Gutridge, Soumen Chakraborty, Balazs R Varga, Elizabeth S Rhoda, Alexander R French, Arryn T Blaine, Quinten H Royer, Haoyue Cui, Jinling Yuan, Robert J Cassell, Márk Szabó, Susruta Majumdar, Richard M Van Rijn

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Training Leaders To Accelerate Global Mental Health Disparities Research (Lead) Program: A Research Training Program Protocol, Ozge Sensoy Bahar, Patricia Cavazos-Rehg, Fred M Ssewamala, Betsy Abente, Laura Peer, Proscovia Nabunya, Lourdes E Soto De Laurido, Theresa S Betancourt, Arvin Bhana, Tonya Edmond

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Pharmacological And Biophysical Characteristics Of Picrotoxin-Resistant, Δsubunit-Containing Gabaa Receptors, Hong-Jin Shu, Xinguo Lu, John Bracamontes, Joe Henry Steinbach, Charles F Zorumski, Steven Mennerick

Open Access Publications

GABA

Successful Treatment Of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss By Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: An Rnaseq Analysis Of Protective/Repair Pathways, Athanasia Warnecke, Jennifer Harre, Matthew Shew, Adam J Mellott, Igor Majewski, Martin Durisin, Hinrich Staecker

Open Access Publications

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are an adult derived stem cell-like population that has been shown to mediate repair in a wide range of degenerative disorders. The protective effects of MSCs are mainly mediated by the release of growth factors and cytokines thereby modulating the diseased environment and the immune system. Within the inner ear, MSCs have been shown protective against tissue damage induced by sound and a variety of ototoxins. To better understand the mechanism of action of MSCs in the inner ear, mice were exposed to narrow band noise. After exposure, MSCs derived from human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly …

Zo-1 Intracellular Localization Organizes Immune Response In Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Déborah Neyrinck-Leglantier, Julien Lesage, Silvia Blacher, Arnaud Bonnomet, Walter Hunziker, Agnès Noël, Valérian Dormoy, Béatrice Nawrocki-Raby, Christine Gilles, Myriam Polette

Open Access Publications

Delocalization of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) from tight junctions plays a substantial role in epithelial cell plasticity observed during tumor progression.

The Worldwide Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: Adni-3 Updates And Global Perspectives, Christopher J Weber, Richard J Perrin, John C Morris, Et Al

Open Access Publications

The Worldwide Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (WW-ADNI) is a collaborative effort to investigate imaging and biofluid markers that can inform Alzheimer's disease treatment trials. It is a public-private partnership that spans North America, Argentina, Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Korea, Mexico, and Taiwan. In 2004, ADNI researchers began a naturalistic, longitudinal study that continues today around the globe. Through several successive phases (ADNI-1, ADNI-GO, ADNI-2, and ADNI-3), the study has fueled amyloid and tau phenotyping and refined neuroimaging methodologies. WW-ADNI researchers have successfully standardized analyses and openly share data without embargo, providing a rich data set for other investigators. On August …

Helminth-Virus Interactions: Determinants Of Coinfection Outcomes, Pritesh Desai, Michael S Diamond, Larissa B Thackray

Open Access Publications

Viral infections are often studied in model mammalian organisms under specific pathogen-free conditions. However, in nature, coinfections are common, and infection with one organism can alter host susceptibility to infection with another. Helminth parasites share a long coevolutionary history with mammalian hosts and have shaped host physiology, metabolism, immunity, and the composition of the microbiome. Published studies suggest that helminth infection can either be beneficial or detrimental during viral infection. Here, we discuss coinfection studies in mouse models and use them to define key determinants that impact outcomes, including the type of antiviral immunity, the tissue tropism of both the …

Cost Burden Of Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disease Following Kidney Transplants In Medicare-Eligible Patients By Survival Status, Allyson Hart, Yoon Son Ahn, Crystal Watson, Melissa Skeans, Arie Barlev, Bryn Thompson, Vikas R Dharnidharka

Open Access Publications

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Patients diagnosed with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) experience high mortality within the first 2 years of diagnosis; however, few data exist on the economic burden of PTLD in these patients. We determined the healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and cost burden of post-kidney transplant PTLD and evaluated how these differ by survival status.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Utilizing data from the United States Renal Data System and the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, we identified 83,818 Medicare-covered kidney transplant recipients between 2007 and 2016, of which 347 had at least one Medicare claim during the first year after diagnosis …

Discovery Of Novel Reductive Elimination Pathway For 10-Hydroxywarfarin, Dakota L Pouncey, Dustyn A Barnette, Riley W Sinnott, Sarah J Phillips, Noah R Flynn, Howard P Hendrickson, S Joshua Swamidass, Grover P Miller

Open Access Publications

Coumadin (R/S-warfarin) anticoagulant therapy is highly efficacious in preventing the formation of blood clots; however, significant inter-individual variations in response risks over or under dosing resulting in adverse bleeding events or ineffective therapy, respectively. Levels of pharmacologically active forms of the drug and metabolites depend on a diversity of metabolic pathways. Cytochromes P450 play a major role in oxidizing R- and S-warfarin to 6-, 7-, 8-, 10-, and 4'-hydroxywarfarin, and warfarin alcohols form through a minor metabolic pathway involving reduction at the C11 position. We hypothesized that due to structural similarities with warfarin, hydroxywarfarins undergo reduction, possibly impacting their pharmacological …

Perceptions Of Clinical Dental Students Toward Online Education During The Covid-19 Crisis: An Egyptian Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey, Reham Hassan, Ayman R Khalifa, Tarek Elsewify, Mohamed G Hassan

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Factors Influencing Implementation Of Blood Transfusion Recommendations In Pediatric Critical Care Units, Katherine M Steffen, Philip C Spinella, Laura M Holdsworth, Mackenzie A Ford, Grace M Lee, Steven M Asch, Enola K Proctor, Allan Doctor

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Rubella Virus Infected Macrophages And Neutrophils Define Patterns Of Granulomatous Inflammation In Inborn And Acquired Errors Of Immunity, Ludmila Perelygina, Amy Musiek, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Rubella virus (RuV) has recently been found in association with granulomatous inflammation of the skin and several internal organs in patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI). The cellular tropism and molecular mechanisms of RuV persistence and pathogenesis in select immunocompromised hosts are not clear. We provide clinical, immunological, virological, and histological data on a cohort of 28 patients with a broad spectrum of IEI and RuV-associated granulomas in skin and nine extracutaneous tissues to further delineate this relationship. Combined immunodeficiency was the most frequent diagnosis (67.8%) among patients. Patients with previously undocumented conditions, i.e., humoral immunodeficiencies, a secondary immunodeficiency, …

Global Parity: Study Design For A Multi-Centered, International Point Prevalence Study To Estimate The Burden Of Pediatric Acute Critical Illness In Resource-Limited Settings, Qalab Abbas, Kenneth E Remy, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Background: The burden of pediatric critical illness and resource utilization by children with critical illness in resource limited settings (RLS) are largely unknown. Without specific data that captures key aspects of critical illness, disease presentation, and resource utilization for pediatric populations in RLS, development of a contextual framework for appropriate, evidence-based interventions to guide allocation of limited but available resources is challenging. We present this methods paper which describes our efforts to determine the prevalence, etiology, hospital outcomes, and resource utilization associated with pediatric acute, critical illness in RLS globally.

Methods: We will conduct a prospective, observational, multicenter, multinational point …

A Real-World Observation Of Antipsychotic Effects On Brain Volumes And Intrinsic Brain Activity In Schizophrenia, Yifan Chen, Fay Y Womer, Ruiqi Feng, Xizhe Zhang, Yanbo Zhang, Jia Duan, Miao Chang, Zhiyang Yin, Xiaowei Jiang, Shengnan Wei, Yange Wei, Yanqing Tang, Fei Wang

Open Access Publications

Background: The confounding effects of antipsychotics that led to the inconsistencies of neuroimaging findings have long been the barriers to understanding the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SZ). Although it is widely accepted that antipsychotics can alleviate psychotic symptoms during the early most acute phase, the longer-term effects of antipsychotics on the brain have been unclear. This study aims to look at the susceptibility of different imaging measures to longer-term medicated status through real-world observation.

Methods: We compared gray matter volume (GMV) with amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFFs) in 89 medicated-schizophrenia (med-SZ), 81 unmedicated-schizophrenia (unmed-SZ), and 235 healthy controls (HC), and the …

Understanding Drivers Of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Racial Disparities: A Population-Level Analysis Of Covid-19 Testing Among Black And White Populations, Aaloke Mody, Kristin Pfeifauf, Cory Bradley, Branson Fox, Matifadza G. Hlatshwayo, Will Ross, Vetta Sanders-Thompson, Karen Joynt Maddox, Mat Reidhead, Mario Schootman, William G. Powderly, Elvin H. Geng

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Disparities in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) testing-the pandemic's most critical but limited resource-may be an important but modifiable driver of COVID-19 inequities.

METHODS: We analyzed data from the Missouri State Department of Health and Senior Services on all COVID-19 tests conducted in the St Louis and Kansas City regions. We adapted a well-established tool for measuring inequity-the Lorenz curve-to compare COVID-19 testing rates per diagnosed case among Black and White populations.

RESULTS: Between 14/3/2020 and 15/9/2020, 606 725 and 328 204 COVID-19 tests were conducted in the St Louis and Kansas City regions, respectively. Over time, Black individuals consistently …