Digital Commons Network^™

Long Runs Of Homozygosity Are Associated With Alzheimer’S Disease, Sonia Moreno-Grau, Maria Victoria Fernández, Fabiana Farias, John P. Budde, Carlos Cruchaga, O. Maroñas, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Association Of Pet-Based Estradiol-Challenge Test For Breast Cancer Progesterone Receptors With Response To Endocrine Therapy, Farrokh Dehdashti, Ningying Wu, Cynthia X. Ma, Michael J. Naughton, John A. Katzenellenbogen, Barry A. Siegel

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Improving Hindlimb Locomotor Function By Non-Invasive Aav-Mediated Manipulations Of Propriospinal Neurons In Mice With Complete Spinal Cord Injury, Benedikt Brommer, Miao He, Zicong Zhang, Zhiyun Yang, Jessica C. Page, Junfeng Su, Yu Zhang, Junjie Zhu, Emilia Gouy, Jing Tang, Philip Williams, Wei Dai, Qi Wang, Ryan Solinsky, Bo Chen, Zhigang He

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Anti-Inflammatory Dopamine- And Serotonin-Based Endocannabinoid Epoxides Reciprocally Regulate Cannabinoid Receptors And The Trpv1 Channel, William R. Arnold, Lauren N. Carnevale, Zili Xie, Javier L. Baylon, Emad Tajkhorshid, Hongzhen Hu, Aditi Das

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Effect And Correction Of Optode Coupling Errors In Breast Imaging Using Diffuse Optical Tomography, Shuying Li, Kexin Huang, Menghao Zhang, K. M. Shihab Uddin, Quing Zhu

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder (Ptld) Outcomes With Epstein-Barr Virus (Ebv) Assessments-A Single Tertiary Referral Center Experience And Review Of Literature, Eric Lau, Lawrence Liu, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are lymphoid or plasmacytic proliferations ranging from polyclonal reactive proliferations to overt lymphomas that develop as consequence of immunosuppression in recipients of solid organ transplantation (SOT) or allogeneic bone marrow/hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Immunosuppression and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection are known risk factors for PTLD. Patients with documented histopathologic diagnosis of primary PTLD at our institution between January 2000 and October 2019 were studied. Sixty-six patients with PTLD following SOT were followed for a median of 9.0 years. The overall median time from transplant to PTLD diagnosis was 5.5 years, with infant transplants showing the longest …

Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Focused On Normalization Of Glycemia: A Two-Year Pilot Study, Amy L Mckenzie, Shaminie J Athinarayanan, Jackson J Mccue, Rebecca N Adams, Monica Keyes, James P Mccarter, Jeff S Volek, Stephen D Phinney, Sarah J Hallberg

Open Access Publications

The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of an alternative approach to type 2 diabetes prevention. Ninety-six patients with prediabetes (age 52 (10) years; 80% female; BMI 39.2 (7.1) kg/m

Acupuncture And Oxytocinergic System: The Promising Treatment For Autism, Tangfeng Su, Lei Pei

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Tumor-Associated Neutrophils (Tans) In Human Carcinoma-Draining Lymph Nodes: A Novel Tan Compartment, Silvia Lonardi, William Vermi, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Think Big, Start Small: How Nanomedicine Could Alleviate The Burden Of Rare Cns Diseases, Abdelfattah Faouzi, Valérie Gaëlle Roullin

Open Access Publications

The complexity and organization of the central nervous system (CNS) is widely modulated by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB), which both act as biochemical, dynamic obstacles impeding any type of undesirable exogenous exchanges. The disruption of these barriers is usually associated with the development of neuropathologies which can be the consequence of genetic disorders, local antigenic invasions, or autoimmune diseases. These disorders can take the shape of rare CNS-related diseases (other than Alzheimer's and Parkinson's) which a exhibit relatively low or moderate prevalence and could be part of a potential line of …

Achieving A Diverse, Equitable, And Inclusive Environment For The Black Orthopaedic Surgeon: Part 1: Barriers To Successful Recruitment Of Black Applicants, Gabriella E Ode, Letitia Bradford, William A Ross, Eric W Carson, Jaysson T Brooks

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Sex Differences In Clinical Outcomes Following Surgical Treatment Of Femoroacetabular Impingement, Tristan Maerz, Jeffrey J Nepple, Asheesh Bedi, Ira Zaltz, Étienne Belzile, Paul E Beaulé, Ernest L Sink, John C Clohisy, Anchor Group

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Sex-based differences in clinical outcomes following surgical treatment of femoroacetabular impingement remain largely uncharacterized; this prospective, multicenter study evaluated these differences both directly and adjusted for covariates.

METHODS: Hips undergoing surgical treatment of symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement were prospectively enrolled in a multicenter cohort. Patient demographics, radiographic parameters, intraoperatively assessed disease severity, and history of surgical procedures, as well as patient-reported outcome measures, were collected preoperatively and at a mean follow-up of 4.3 years. A total of 621 (81.6%) of 761 enrolled hips met the minimum 1 year of follow-up and were included in the analysis; 56.7% of analyzed hips …

Pore-Forming Transmembrane Domains Control Ion Selectivity And Selectivity Filter Conformation In The Kirbac1.1 Potassium Channel, Marcos Matamoros, Colin G. Nichols

Open Access Publications

Potassium (K+) channels are membrane proteins with the remarkable ability to very selectively conduct K+ ions across the membrane. High-resolution structures have revealed that dehydrated K+ ions permeate through the narrowest region of the pore, formed by the backbone carbonyls of the signature selectivity filter (SF) sequence TxGYG. However, the existence of nonselective channels with similar SF sequences, as well as effects of mutations in other regions on selectivity, suggest that the SF is not the sole determinant of selectivity. We changed the selectivity of the KirBac1.1 channel by introducing mutations at residue I131 in transmembrane helix 2 (TM2). These …

Task-Generic And Task-Specific Connectivity Modulations In The Adhd Brain: An Integrated Analysis Across Multiple Tasks, Roselyne J. Chauvin, Jan K. Buitelaar, Emma Sprooten, Marianne Oldehinkel, Barbara Franke, Catharina Hartman, Dirk J. Heslenfeld, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Jaap Oosterlaan, Christian F. Beckmann, Maarten Mennes

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Trem2 Sustains Macrophage-Hepatocyte Metabolic Coordination In Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease And Sepsis, Jinchao Hou, Yingyue Zhou, Marco Colonna, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Sepsis is a leading cause of death in critical illness, and its pathophysiology varies depending on preexisting medical conditions. Here we identified nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as an independent risk factor for sepsis in a large clinical cohort and showed a link between mortality in NAFLD-associated sepsis and hepatic mitochondrial and energetic metabolism dysfunction. Using in vivo and in vitro models of liver lipid overload, we discovered a metabolic coordination between hepatocyte mitochondria and liver macrophages that express triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2). Trem2-deficient macrophages released exosomes that impaired hepatocytic mitochondrial structure and energy supply because of …

Cerebral Expression Of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtype 5 In Idiopathic Autism Spectrum Disorder And Fragile X Syndrome: A Pilot Study, James Robert Brašić, Ayon Nandi, David S Russell, Danna Jennings, Olivier Barret, Samuel D Martin, Keith Slifer, Thomas Sedlak, John P Seibyl, Dean F Wong, Dejan B Budimirovic

Open Access Publications

Multiple lines of evidence suggest that dysfunction of the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR

Partitioning Of Gene Expression Among Zebrafsh Photoreceptor Subtypes, Yohey Ogawa, Joseph C. Corbo

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

White Matter Integrity Of Contralesional And Transcallosal Tracts May Predict Response To Upper Limb Task-Specific Training In Chronic Stroke, Daniela J S Mattos, Jerrel Rutlin, Xin Hong, Kristina Zinn, Joshua S Shimony, Alexandre R Carter

Open Access Publications

OBJECTIVE: To investigate white matter (WM) plasticity induced by intensive upper limb (UL) task specific training (TST) in chronic stroke.

METHODS: Diffusion tensor imaging data and UL function measured by the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) were collected in 30 individuals with chronic stroke prior to and after intensive TST. ANOVAs tested the effects of training on the entire sample and on the Responders [ΔARAT ≥ 5.8, N = 13] and Non-Responders [ΔARAT < 5.8, N = 17] groups. Baseline fractional anisotropy (FA) values were correlated with ARATpost TST controlling for baseline ARAT and age to identify voxels predictive of response to TST.

RESULTS: While ARAT scores increased following training (p < 0.0001), FA changes within major WM tracts were not significant at p < 0.05. In the Responder group, larger baseline FA of both contralesional (CL) and transcallosal tracts predicted larger ARAT scores post-TST. Subcortical lesions and more severe damage to transcallosal tracts were more pronounced in the Non-Responder than in the Responder group.

CONCLUSIONS: The motor improvements post-TST in the Responder group may reflect the engagement of interhemispheric processes not available to …

A Ligand-Insensitive Unc5b Splicing Isoform Regulates Angiogenesis By Promoting Apoptosis, David Pradella, William Vermi, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Disordered Eating, Food Insecurity, And Weight Status Among Transgender And Gender Nonbinary Youth And Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Using A Nutrition Screening Protocol, Whitney R. Linsenmeyer, Ian M. Katz, Jamie L. Reed, Andrea M. Giedinghagen, Christopher B. Lewis, Sarah K. Garwood

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Emerging Genotype-Phenotype Relationships In Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia, Steven K Brennan, Thomas W Ferkol, Stephanie D Davis

Open Access Publications

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare inherited condition affecting motile cilia and leading to organ laterality defects, recurrent sino-pulmonary infections, bronchiectasis, and severe lung disease. Research over the past twenty years has revealed variability in clinical presentations, ranging from mild to more severe phenotypes. Genotype and phenotype relationships have emerged. The increasing availability of genetic panels for PCD continue to redefine these genotype-phenotype relationships and reveal milder forms of disease that had previously gone unrecognized.

Deep Learning Segmentation Of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (Tnbc) Patient Derived Tumor Xenograft (Pdx) And Sensitivity Of Radiomic Pipeline To Tumor Probability Boundary, Kaushik Dutta, Sudipta Roy, Timothy Daniel Whitehead, Jingqin Luo, Abhinav Kumar Jha, Shunqiang Li, James Dennis Quirk, Kooresh Isaac Shoghi

Open Access Publications

Preclinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a critical component in a co-clinical research pipeline. Importantly, segmentation of tumors in MRI is a necessary step in tumor phenotyping and assessment of response to therapy. However, manual segmentation is time-intensive and suffers from inter- and intra- observer variability and lack of reproducibility. This study aimed to develop an automated pipeline for accurate localization and delineation of TNBC PDX tumors from preclinical T1w and T2w MR images using a deep learning (DL) algorithm and to assess the sensitivity of radiomic features to tumor boundaries. We tested five network architectures including U-Net, dense U-Net, …

Advances In Genetic And Molecular Understanding Of Alzheimer's Disease, Laura Ibanez, Carlos Cruchaga, Maria Victoria Fernández

Open Access Publications

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become a common disease of the elderly for which no cure currently exists. After over 30 years of intensive research, we have gained extensive knowledge of the genetic and molecular factors involved and their interplay in disease. These findings suggest that different subgroups of AD may exist. Not only are we starting to treat autosomal dominant cases differently from sporadic cases, but we could be observing different underlying pathological mechanisms related to the amyloid cascade hypothesis, immune dysfunction, and a tau-dependent pathology. Genetic, molecular, and, more recently, multi-omic evidence support each of these scenarios, which are …

Optical Emission-Based Phantom To Verify Coincidence Of Radiotherapy And Imaging Isocenters On An Mr-Linac, Jacqueline M Andreozzi, Petr Brůža, Jochen Cammin, Daniel A Alexander, Brian W Pogue, Olga Green, David J Gladstone

Open Access Publications

PURPOSE: Demonstrate a novel phantom design using a remote camera imaging method capable of concurrently measuring the position of the x-ray isocenter and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) isocenter on an MR-linac.

METHODS: A conical frustum with distinct geometric features was machined out of plastic. The phantom was submerged in a small water tank, and aligned using room lasers on a MRIdian MR-linac (ViewRay Inc., Cleveland, OH). The phantom physical isocenter was visualized in the MR images and related to the DICOM coordinate isocenter. To view the x-ray isocenter, an intensified CMOS camera system (DoseOptics LLC., Hanover, NH) was placed …

Extracorporeal Life Support For Cardiogenic Shock With Either A Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Device Or An Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump, Tomohiro Nakajima, Yuki Tanaka, Irene Fischer, Kunal Kotkar, Ralph J Damiano Jr, Marc R Moon, Muhammad F Masood, Akinobu Itoh

Open Access Publications

Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) can result in complications due to increased left ventricular (LV) afterload. The percutaneous ventricular assist device (PVAD) and intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) are both considered to be effective means of LV unloading. This study describes the efficacy of LV unloading and related outcomes with PVAD or IABP during ECLS. From January 2010 to April 2018, all cardiogenic shock patients who underwent ECLS plus simultaneous PVAD or IABP were analyzed. Forty-nine patients received ECLS + PVAD, while 91 received ECLS + IABP. At 48 hours, mean pulmonary artery pressure was significantly reduced in both groups [34 mm …

A Comparison Of Prediction Approaches For Identifying Prodromal Parkinson Disease, Mark N. Warden, Susan Searles Nielsen, Alejandra Camacho-Soto, Roman Garnett, Brad A. Racette

Open Access Publications

Identifying people with Parkinson disease during the prodromal period, including via algorithms in administrative claims data, is an important research and clinical priority. We sought to improve upon an existing penalized logistic regression model, based on diagnosis and procedure codes, by adding prescription medication data or using machine learning. Using Medicare Part D beneficiaries age 66-90 from a population-based case-control study of incident Parkinson disease, we fit a penalized logistic regression both with and without Part D data. We also built a predictive algorithm using a random forest classifier for comparison. In a combined approach, we introduced the probability of …

Pathways To Care And Preferences For Improving Tuberculosis Services Among Tuberculosis Patients In Zambia: A Discrete Choice Experiment, Andrew D. Kerkhoff, Mary Kagujje, Sarah Nyangu, Kondwelani Mateyo, Nsala Sanjase, Lophina Chilukutu, Ingrid Eshun-Wilson, Elvin H. Geng, Diane V. Havlir, Monde Muyoyeta

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Delays in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) contribute to a substantial proportion of TB-related mortality, especially among people living with HIV (PLHIV). We sought to characterize the diagnostic journey for HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients with a new TB diagnosis in Zambia, to understand drivers of delay, and characterize their preferences for service characteristics to inform improvements in TB services.

METHODS: We assessed consecutive adults with newly microbiologically-confirmed TB at two public health treatment facilities in Lusaka, Zambia. We administered a survey to document critical intervals in the TB care pathway (time to initial care-seeking, diagnosis and treatment initiation), identify …

Analysis Of Ureteral Diameter And Peristalsis In Response To Irrigant Fluid Temperature Changes In An In Vivo Porcine Model, Roshan M. Patel, Pengbo Jiang, Rajiv Karani, Tarik Phillips, Raphael B. Arada, Lillian Xie, Hyder Said, Shlomi Tapiero, Jaime Landman, Ted Farzaneh, Ramakrishna Venkatesh, Ralph V. Clayman

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Fluvoxamine: A Review Of Its Mechanism Of Action And Its Role In Covid-19, Vikas P Sukhatme, Angela M Reiersen, Sharat J Vayttaden, Vidula V Sukhatme

Open Access Publications

Fluvoxamine is a well-tolerated, widely available, inexpensive selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that has been shown in a small, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study to prevent clinical deterioration of patients with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Fluvoxamine is also an agonist for the sigma-1 receptor, through which it controls inflammation. We review here a body of literature that shows important mechanisms of action of fluvoxamine and other SSRIs that could play a role in COVID-19 treatment. These effects include: reduction in platelet aggregation, decreased mast cell degranulation, interference with endolysosomal viral trafficking, regulation of inositol-requiring enzyme 1α-driven inflammation and increased melatonin levels, …

A Rapid Motor Task-Based Screening Tool For Parkinsonism In Community-Based Studies, Wendy W Dlamini, Searles Nielsen, Mwiza Ushe, Gill Nelson, Brad A Racette

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.