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A Validation Study Of The Misbehaviors Questionnaire, Racheal Taki Reavy
A Validation Study Of The Misbehaviors Questionnaire, Racheal Taki Reavy
Open Access Dissertations
This study examined the validity of the Misbehaviors Questionnaire (MBQ), a revision of the Self Report Delinquency scale, which aims to diagnose conduct disorder (CD) and to serve as a valid measure for assessing misbehaviors. The MBQ further assesses whether each misbehavior involved the use of alcohol or marijuana, allowing for comparisons of substance-related clusters of misbehaviors. Participants were 190 incarcerated adolescents (85.8% male; average age 17 years) at a juvenile correctional facility in the Northeast. While incarcerated, they were asked about substance use and misbehaviors in the three months prior to incarceration, as well as parental, peer, and demographic …
Exploration Of The Quality Of Three Measures For Assessing State Anxiety In Hospitalized Cardiac Patients, Kari A. Radford
Exploration Of The Quality Of Three Measures For Assessing State Anxiety In Hospitalized Cardiac Patients, Kari A. Radford
Open Access Dissertations
For many years it has been documented that cardiac patients in the acute care setting experience episodic elevations in anxiety which often have a significant, negative physiological impact. The purpose of this exploratory study was to test three state anxiety short-form scales (NEWTEN - a newly created scale, Anxiety Scale - AS, and SAI-6 - short form of Spielberger's State Anxiety Inventory-SAI) for measuring state anxiety in hospitalized cardiac patients. Criteria-related validity was used to correlate each state anxiety scale with Spielberger's SAI, which is considered the gold standard and has yielded high levels of validity and reliability. The study …
Scoring Silent Film: Music/Nation/Affect, George Steele
Scoring Silent Film: Music/Nation/Affect, George Steele
Open Access Dissertations
Scoring Silent Film: Music/Nation/Affect studies the history of film music as a way to understand how the "soundtrack" operates in contemporary popular culture. I argue that forms of playful appropriation of film music today, as in the technological innovations of iPod culture, of re-mixing movie trailers on YouTube, or most importantly, of performing original scores live to silent film are all implicated in past industrial cinematic production practices. Early twentieth century film accompaniment in America began as something commentarial before an industry preoccupied with its social and affective influence began to shape its course. In time, the ability for improvisational …
Therapeutic Treatments For Children With Recurrent Abdominal Pain: A Multiple Baseline Pilot Study, Christine Barrett Sieberg
Therapeutic Treatments For Children With Recurrent Abdominal Pain: A Multiple Baseline Pilot Study, Christine Barrett Sieberg
Open Access Dissertations
Chronic pain in children is a significant problem affecting about 15-20% of children (Goodman & McGrath, 1991), yet it is a neglected area in pediatric research and clinical service. Recurrent Abdominal Pain (RAP) is an example of chronic pain in children and one of the most common complaints of childhood and is associated with many adverse outcomes. Research has also identified parental anxiety and depression as potent risk factors for RAP (Garber et al., 1990). Despite the high prevalence rates of RAP, only 12 intervention studies from 1974-2006 have been conducted in this area (Spirito & Kazak, 2006). The primary …
Solubility And Permeability Enhancement Of Levothyroxine Sodium For Oral Administration, Dimple Pabla
Solubility And Permeability Enhancement Of Levothyroxine Sodium For Oral Administration, Dimple Pabla
Open Access Dissertations
Levothyroxine (14), an endogenous hormone secreted by the thyroid gland is subject to complex biologic regulation. On conversion to active metabolite, triiodothyronine, 14 influences diverse metabolic processes including growth and maturation, cell respiration, total energy expenditure and the turnover of essentially all substrates. T4 is a narrow therapeutic index drug such that doses only about 20-25% outside the normal therapeutic window can put patients at risk of severe side effects of hyper or hypothyroidism. Levothyroxine is a known example of classic bioequivalence problem between various available products. Dissolution of a drug is a crucial step in its oral absorption and …
Subseafloor Sulfate Reduction: Investigation Of An Unrecognized Pathway And Quantification Of Low Rates, Heather Nicole Schrum
Subseafloor Sulfate Reduction: Investigation Of An Unrecognized Pathway And Quantification Of Low Rates, Heather Nicole Schrum
Open Access Dissertations
Bacterially-catalyzed sulfate reduction is the dominant respiratory pathway in much of the deep subseafloor sediment, where it yields energy for a significant fraction of the Earth's total biomass. Sulfate reduction impacts the ecology of the deep biosphere, the biogeochemistry of sediment pore water and the global marine sulfur and carbon cycles. Chemical concentration profiles, thermodynamics, and sulfate isotopic compositions are a few of the methods used to determine the presence of sulfate reduction, its biochemical mechanisms, and the rates at which it occurs. By employing these methods we show that a previously unrecognized sulfate reduction pathway is likely to occur …
Exploring Some Inattended Affective Factors In Performing Nonroutine Mathematical Tasks, John D. Butler
Exploring Some Inattended Affective Factors In Performing Nonroutine Mathematical Tasks, John D. Butler
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to describe students' attempts to solve nonroutine math problems and to explore possible correlates of their performance. The focus of this study was on inattended (i.e., intentionally avoided) dimensions that have been underrepresented in the literature, including attitudes, interests, values, aesthetics, metacognition, and representation. Both objective and subjective data--drawn from 13 separate sources--using quantitative and qualitative procedures, were analyzed. Fine-grained rubrics were developed and used to score student work on six nonroutine math problems. These objective data were complemented with students' written "logs" of their work in real time, followed by semi-structured debriefing interviews …
Polyaniline As Stationary Phase For Hplc, Gang Li
Polyaniline As Stationary Phase For Hplc, Gang Li
Open Access Dissertations
This dissertation consists of two manuscripts. The first manuscript concerns the study of polyaniline as a stationary phase for high performance liquid chromatography and the elucidation of the mechanism for chemical separation in these chromatographic columns. The second manuscript is an analysis of the reproducibility and reliability of the experimental data. The objective is to prove that dispersion forces in polyaniline stationary phase are the dominant, non-Coulombic interactions that determine the order of the retention time of the analytes. In the first manuscript we compared the chromatograms of a pair of anionic analytes eluded in a polyaniline stationary phase and …
A Biochemical Study On The Regulation Of The Src And Fgfr Family Of Protein Tyrosine Kinases, David J. Kemble
A Biochemical Study On The Regulation Of The Src And Fgfr Family Of Protein Tyrosine Kinases, David J. Kemble
Open Access Dissertations
The Src and FGFR family of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) are key mammalian enzymes in signal transduction. Regulating their enzymatic activity is imperative and disrupting this regulation can lead to devastating outcomes, including cancer. Our primary focus is to dissect the structure-function relationship that guides the regulation of PTKs. In this study we used site directed mutageneis, bacterial expression, and kinetic analysis to investigate how Src and FGFR PTKS is regulated by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and autophosphorylation. Accumulating evidence suggests that protein tyrosine phosphorylation-based pathways are under the regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Although protein tyrosine phosphatases are …
Development And Validation Of A Weight-Related Behaviors Questionnaire, Susan M. Schembre
Development And Validation Of A Weight-Related Behaviors Questionnaire, Susan M. Schembre
Open Access Dissertations
Research shows the prevalence of obesity is increasing. The greatest increase occurs between 20 and 29 years of age. Obesity results from a long-term positive energy balance attributable to eating and exercise behaviors. Research shows effective behavior change interventions impact cognitive constructs which explain specific behaviors. Objectives were to develop and validate a weight-related behaviors questionnaire (WRBQ) for young adults with individual eating and exercise behavior scales and explore the impact of the scales to explain patterns of energy intake and exercise participation. The sample (N-721) consisted of 18 to 24 year old females (69.5%) and males (30.5%) with a …
Identification And Regulation Of Hemolysin Genes Of Vibrio Anguillarum, Ling Li
Identification And Regulation Of Hemolysin Genes Of Vibrio Anguillarum, Ling Li
Open Access Dissertations
Vibrio anguillarum is a causative agent of vibriosis. One hemolysin gene, vah1, does not account for all hemolytic activity. Further studies identified a putative rtx operon with six genes (rtxACHBDE). Mutation in both vah1 and any of rtx genes resulted in a hemolysin negative mutant. Vah1 and RtxA each have cytotoxie activity against fish cells. Finally, virulence examination in fish suggested that RtxA is a major virulence factor for V. anguillarum. Additionally, RtxA is a MARTX toxin, and causes fish cell rounding and death. A conserved domain in the RtxA was identified to be a cysteine protease (CPD). CPD was …
Evaluation Of Mixed-Effects Modeling Techniques For The Analysis Of Longitudinal Data Collected From Pk-Pd And Efficacy Clinical Trials, Rajesh Narwal
Evaluation Of Mixed-Effects Modeling Techniques For The Analysis Of Longitudinal Data Collected From Pk-Pd And Efficacy Clinical Trials, Rajesh Narwal
Open Access Dissertations
Linear and non-linear mixed effects modeling techniques are of great importance for the analysis of repeated measure data collected from various pharmacokinetic (PK)-pharmacodynamic (PD) and efficacy clinical trial during drug development. Monte-Carlo simulations were used to evaluate and compare the properties of mixed-model for repeated measure (MMRM) to fixed-effects ANOVA. The methods were compared using three different response profiles, four types of correlation structures (unstructured, compound symmetry, autoregressive and Toeplitz) and three types of missing mechanisms (MCAR (missing completely at random), MAR (missing at random) and MNAR (missing not at random). The MMRM methods adequately controlled type-I error and provided …
Interface Dosimetry For Electronic Brachytherapy Xoft Axxent Intracavitary Breast Balloon Applicators, And, Fluorescence Anisotropy Imaging Of Quantum Dots, James J. Segala
Open Access Dissertations
In this thesis two topics in biological physics are explored. These are presented as manuscripts which have been submitted to scientific journals. The first topic deals with administering radiation therapy to cancer patients using a miniature x-ray source that can be inserted through a catheter into a body cavity at the tumor site. The manuscript investigates how ionizing radiation deposits its energy for the special case where there is additional attenuating material in the path between the radiation source and patient. It was previously speculated that a global correction factor can be applied to account for the attenuating substance. However, …
Magical American Jew: The Enigma Of Difference In Contemporary Jewish American Short Fiction And Film, Aaron Tillman
Magical American Jew: The Enigma Of Difference In Contemporary Jewish American Short Fiction And Film, Aaron Tillman
Open Access Dissertations
Efforts to define contemporary Jewish American identity often reveal more questions than concrete articulations, more statements about what Jewish Americans are not than what they are. Such ambiguities pervade many works of Jewish American literature. Magical American Jew explores how certain writers and filmmakers have used magical realist techniques to portray the enigma of Jewish American difference. What I am characterizing as enigmatic is the indefinite yet undeniable difference that informs how many Jewish Americans envision themselves. In a felicitous way, magical realism also resists categorization. Marked by a "co-presence" of the natural and supernatural, magical realism allows past and …
Adolescent Gender Differences In Risk Of Alcohol Use, Jessica E. Nargiso
Adolescent Gender Differences In Risk Of Alcohol Use, Jessica E. Nargiso
Open Access Dissertations
A significant amount of research has examined the complex set of ecological factors that are associated with alcohol use and abuse during adolescence. Much of this research has focused exclusively on males or failed to report differences by gender. Shifting trends towards earlier age of onset and earlier development of problems among girls highlights the need to explore these factors in both adolescent males and females. Three hundred and seventy middle school students completed self-report assessments of several ecological domains of risk (e.g., peer, family management, community) at two different time points (beginning of sixth grade, end of seventh grade). …
The Influence Of Diagnostic Labels, Gender, And Ethnicity On Teacher Perceptions, Expectancies, And Attributions: A Consideration Of Closure, Acceptance, And Stigmatization, Deanna Rae Voisine
The Influence Of Diagnostic Labels, Gender, And Ethnicity On Teacher Perceptions, Expectancies, And Attributions: A Consideration Of Closure, Acceptance, And Stigmatization, Deanna Rae Voisine
Open Access Dissertations
The present study sought to determine the impact of diagnostic labels, gender, and ethnicity on teachers' perceptions, expectancies, and attributions. Following a pilot study to determine if the measure had adequate reliability, approximately 3630 instructional letters were distributed to 65 schools in Rhode Island, Connecticut, and Massachusetts. The Teacher Attitude and Attribution Scale (TAAS; Voisine, 2008), a 42 item questionnaire, measured teachers' perceptions, expectancies, and attributions (for parent/family factors, student factors, and teacher/school factors) for a hypothetical student. Vignettes at the start of the questionnaire detailed the student's behavioral problems and had the student's gender (male/female), ethnicity (Hispanic/Caucasian), and diagnostic …
Diet, Feeding Ecology, Trophic Relationships, Morphometric Condition, And Ontogeny For The Sandbar Shark, Carcharhinus Plumbeus, And Smooth Dogfish, Mustelus Canis, Within The Delaware Bay Estuary, William David Mcelroy
Diet, Feeding Ecology, Trophic Relationships, Morphometric Condition, And Ontogeny For The Sandbar Shark, Carcharhinus Plumbeus, And Smooth Dogfish, Mustelus Canis, Within The Delaware Bay Estuary, William David Mcelroy
Open Access Dissertations
Feeding ecology and condition were examined for sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus, and smooth dogfish, Mustelus canis, in Delaware Bay. Prey quantity indicated continuous feeding by M. canis, but female sharks had significantly greater quantities of prey than males. Small sharks fed on annelids, isopods, shrimp, bivalves and crabs, and significant shifts occurred in larger sharks to a diet dominated by large crabs with some gastropods and teleosts. Limited monthly shifts were evident. These were likely influenced by changes in prey availability but also by ontogeny in small M. canis. Feeding in C. plumbeus was intermittent, with episodic consumption of large …
The Use Of Cnidarian Nematocysts By The Aeolidian Nudibranch Cratena Pilata, Sarah Fogg-Matarese
The Use Of Cnidarian Nematocysts By The Aeolidian Nudibranch Cratena Pilata, Sarah Fogg-Matarese
Open Access Dissertations
Nudibranchs feed on anemones and hydroid polyps. The ingested cnidarian nematocysts are stored in cerata, dorsal extensions of the gut, and used to defend against predatation. Specialized smooth muscle sacs in the cerata, the cnidosacs, contain modified epithelial cells, the cnidophages, that hold the nematocysts. Light microscopic and behavioral studies indicate that, upon adequate stimulation, the cnidosac and cerata contract, opening the ceras tip and releasing the stored nematocysts. Ultra-thin sections revealed that the smooth muscle cells of the ceras encompass a network of caveolae and that synaptic terminals containing dense-cored and clear vesicles impinge on the muscles of the …
Natal Habitat Use By Dragonflies Along Landscape Gradients In Rhode Island, Maria Adella Aliberti Lubertazzi
Natal Habitat Use By Dragonflies Along Landscape Gradients In Rhode Island, Maria Adella Aliberti Lubertazzi
Open Access Dissertations
Urban environments often support depauperate insect faunas, although they can serve as suitable habitats for some taxa. The potential value of urban wetlands as habitat for regional dragonfly populations has not been well studied. Landscape patterns of natal habitat use by lentic dragonflies were studied at small wetlands in Rhode Island, U.S.A. during three field seasons (2004, 2005, 2006). Dragonfly exuviae were collected along defined perimeter paths on six (2004) or five (2005, 2006) site visits per season (May- October). The exuviae were identified in the laboratory, and the number collected per species/hour was tallied for each field season. Three …
Ck2 Contributes To The Synergistic Effects Of Bmp7 And Bdnf On Smad 1/5/8 Phosphorylation In Septal Neurons, Florence Chaverneff
Ck2 Contributes To The Synergistic Effects Of Bmp7 And Bdnf On Smad 1/5/8 Phosphorylation In Septal Neurons, Florence Chaverneff
Open Access Dissertations
The combination of bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) and neurotrophins (e.g. brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF) protects septal neurons during hypoglycemic stress. I investigated the signaling mechanisms underlying this synergistic protection. BMP7 (5 nM) increased phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of BMP-responsive Smads 1/5/8 within 30 min in cultures of rat embryonic septal neurons. BDNF (100 ng/ml) enhanced the BMP7-induced increase in phospho-Smad levels in both nucleus and cytoplasm; this effect was more pronounced after a hypoglycemic stress. BDNF increased both Akt and Erk phosphorylation, but pharmacological blockade of these kinase pathways (with wortmannin and U0126, respectively) did not reduce the Smad …
Sex Expression In A Rainforest Understory Herb, Begonia Urophylla, John Cozza
Sex Expression In A Rainforest Understory Herb, Begonia Urophylla, John Cozza
Open Access Dissertations
Monoecy, the production of distinct male and female flowers on the same plant, is an important, though little studied, sexual strategy in the rainforest understory. This study of a monoecious plant discovered a cue to induce flowering, explored the interplay of gender constraint vs. plasticity in a natural population, and tested possible causes of gender in two laboratory experiments. An experiment in the lab found that reduced photoperiod for three weeks is an unambiguous cue for flowering. The remarkably long inductive period is followed by a long and variable period of floral initiation. This results in only partial synchronization of …
The Importance Of Sexual And Clonal Reproduction For Population Dynamics In The Understory Herb Calathea Marantifolia (Marantaceae), David P. Matlaga
The Importance Of Sexual And Clonal Reproduction For Population Dynamics In The Understory Herb Calathea Marantifolia (Marantaceae), David P. Matlaga
Open Access Dissertations
I addressed how light availability influences sexual and clonal offspring production, demographic performance and contribution to population dynamics by studying the Neotropical understory herb Calathea marantifolia across a light gradient in Costa Rica. To understand how demographic performance was influenced by light availability I conducted a transplant experiment in the field. Both seedlings and clonal offspring grew best when planted in high light areas, but seedlings showed a faster and more dramatic response. Survival of seedlings was greatest in high light sites but clonal offspring survival was greatest where light availability was low. To examine the demographic consequences of physiological …
Incorporating Recreational And Artisanal Fishing Fleets In Atlantic Billfish Management, Ayeisha A. Brinson
Incorporating Recreational And Artisanal Fishing Fleets In Atlantic Billfish Management, Ayeisha A. Brinson
Open Access Dissertations
Atlantic billfish include sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus), blue marlin (Makaira nigricans), white marlin (Kajikia albida, formerly Tetrapturus albidus) and the spearfishes (Tetrapturus); these fishes are found in tropical and subtropical waters. The spearfishes include the longbill spearfish (T. pfluegeri), the Mediterranean spearfish (T. belone) and the roundscale spearfish (T. georgii). The International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) is the regional fishery management organization that conducts research to determine the condition of tuna and billfish resources and supports international cooperative management. ICCAT has determined that blue marlin and white marlin are overfished; the status of sailfish and spearfish are …
Emotional Disturbance As An Educational Disability: Implications For Social Workers, Jean Michele Rippey
Emotional Disturbance As An Educational Disability: Implications For Social Workers, Jean Michele Rippey
Open Access Dissertations
This qualitative study addressed an intersection in which the application of the medical model to educational disabilities and its implications for educational labeling of students interacted with the professional enculturation of clinical social workers. Employed as clinicians in programs administered in a large south eastern school district in the United States, five social workers served elementary students labeled Emotionally/Behaviorally Disabled (EBD) through federally authorized provisions for special education related services. This study used grounded theory methods to discover and analyze the social workers' underlying assumptions, values, and patterns of practice with regard to ethical and guild issues, roles and responsibilities, …
Light-Induced Relocalization Of The Photoreceptor G Protein Transducin Is Mediated By Binding Partner-Restricted Diffusion: New Insights Into G Protein Subunit Dissociation, Derek H. Rosenzweig
Light-Induced Relocalization Of The Photoreceptor G Protein Transducin Is Mediated By Binding Partner-Restricted Diffusion: New Insights Into G Protein Subunit Dissociation, Derek H. Rosenzweig
Open Access Dissertations
Phototransduction is a well characterized system for study of G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. The GPCR rhodopsin couples to the heterotrimeric G protein transducin. Light-stimulated activation of transducin in turn activates phosphodiesterase (PDE), leading to closure to cGMP-gated channels and inhibition of glutamate release. Rod and cone photoreceptors are highly polarized neurons consisting of the outer segment (OS) where phototransduction biochemistry occurs, the inner segment containing mitochondria and other organelles, the nuclear layer, an axon, and a glutamatergic synapse. Upon illumination, activated G protein transducin redistributes from the rod OS (where it is localized in the dark) to the …
Challenging Current Paradigms Related To Cardiomyopathies: Are Changes In The Calcium Sensitivity Of Myofilaments Containing Mutations Good Predictors Of The Phenotypic Outcomes?, David Dweck
Open Access Dissertations
Three novel mutations (G159D, L29Q and E59D/D75Y) in cardiac troponin C (CTnC) associate their clinical outcomes with a given cardiomyopathy. Current paradigms propose that sarcomeric mutations associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) decrease the myofilament calcium sensitivity while those associated with hypertrophic (HCM) cardiomyopathy increase it. Therefore, we incorporated the mutant CTnCs into skinned cardiac muscle in order to determine if their effects on the calcium regulation of tension and ATPase activity coincide with the current paradigms and phenotypic outcomes. This required the development of new calculator programs to solve complex ionic equilibria to more accurately buffer and expand the free …
Matrix Metalloproteinases: Roles And Regulation In Ocular Surface Regeneration, Gabriel Mikal Gordon
Matrix Metalloproteinases: Roles And Regulation In Ocular Surface Regeneration, Gabriel Mikal Gordon
Open Access Dissertations
Epithelial wound healing is a common occurrence in many organisms. In spite of a long history of study in this field, we do not have a complete understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of wound healing, which is a key element to appreciate in order to modulate this process for better clinical outcomes. Optimal outcomes are especially critical in the cornea as a failure to regenerate can result in blindness and a huge decline in quality of life. Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc dependent proteases that have been shown to be both regulators and effectors of …
Camp Signaling In Chemosensory Transduction, Craig D. Roberts
Camp Signaling In Chemosensory Transduction, Craig D. Roberts
Open Access Dissertations
cAMP is a second messenger in a variety of chemosensory receptors, including taste buds and glucose-sensitive pancreatic beta-cells. cAMP is modulated during taste transduction, yet the significance of cAMP changes and the taste cell types in which they occur (Type I glial-like; Type II Receptor; Type III Presynaptic) remain unclear. I developed techniques to image real-time changes in intracellular cAMP in taste cells using genetically-encoded cAMP reporters. This FRET-based reporter permits one to measure single-cell cAMP levels with excellent spatial and temporal resolution (Zaccolo & Pozzan 2002, Science 295:1711). Using a biolistic approach I have transfected rat fungiform taste buds …
Receptor Functions Of The Receptor-Type Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Ptpro, Amy E. Hower
Receptor Functions Of The Receptor-Type Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Ptpro, Amy E. Hower
Open Access Dissertations
Protein tyrosine phosphorylation regulates many aspects of cell growth and differentiation. Since cellular tyrosine phosphorylation levels are controlled by the antagonizing actions of the protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and the protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), these enzymes play a direct role in regulating processes as diverse as oncogenesis and neuronal development. In particular, the transmembrane group of PTPs, known as the receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs), has been linked to regulation of axon growth and guidance during development and regeneration. The regulation of activity of these RPTPs is of clear importance, yet the fundamental mechanisms underlying this regulation are poorly understood. …
The Relationship Between Ethnic Identity And Psychological Health: A Meta-Analytic Review, Julie Hewatt Grant
The Relationship Between Ethnic Identity And Psychological Health: A Meta-Analytic Review, Julie Hewatt Grant
Open Access Dissertations
Ethnic identity, or one's feelings of belongingness and affirmation with one's ethnic group, has been postulated to be related to one's psychological health. Specifically, it is thought that stronger ethnic identity is related to better psychological health. In order to fully investigate this relationship, a meta-analytic review and analysis was conducted utilizing all previous research on the relationship between ethnic identity and psychological health. This study sought to examine this relationship in more detail by dividing psychological health into two areas: 1) psychological functioning, and 2) psychological dysfunction. Both of these categories were examined and analyzed separately utilizing a random …