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The Secretary And Cno On 23–24 October 1962, William H.J. Manthorpe Jr. Mar 2018

The Secretary And Cno On 23–24 October 1962, William H.J. Manthorpe Jr.

Naval War College Review

The Cuban missile crisis was a defining moment in the career of the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) at the time, Admiral George W. Anderson, Jr. His leadership of the Navy during the crisis has become the most prominent role accorded to him in history. Yet his relationship during the crisis with the Secretary of Defense, Robert S. McNamara, has been cited as the factor that brought to a premature end his tour as CNO and his naval career. Among the events that affected the admiral’s relationship with the secretary during the crisis were those that took place on 23–24 …


Cyber War, Cybered Conflict, And The Maritime Domain, Peter Dombrowski, Chris C. Demchak Mar 2018

Cyber War, Cybered Conflict, And The Maritime Domain, Peter Dombrowski, Chris C. Demchak

Naval War College Review

Those who dismiss cyber war as mere hype or as driven by potential profits dismiss much too quickly growing evidence of the importance of cyber operations—to which the Navy may be uniquely qualified to adapt.


Creating The 1980s Maritime Strategy And Implications For Today, John T. Hanley Jr. Mar 2018

Creating The 1980s Maritime Strategy And Implications For Today, John T. Hanley Jr.

Naval War College Review

The approaches that allowed the Chief of Naval Operations’ Strategic Studies Group to contribute so vitally to the U.S. Navy’s 1986 maritime strategy might be effective as well in confronting the challenges that the Navy faces today.


Spring 2014 Full Issue, The U.S. Naval War College Mar 2018

Spring 2014 Full Issue, The U.S. Naval War College

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


Summer 2014 Review, The U.S . Naval War College Mar 2018

Summer 2014 Review, The U.S . Naval War College

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


Duty: Memoirs Of A Secretary At War, Thomas Hone Mar 2018

Duty: Memoirs Of A Secretary At War, Thomas Hone

Naval War College Review

The title of Duty could easily be So You Want to Be the Secretary of War, Violence, and Suffering? Gates’s memoir takes the glamour out of the position and makes sure the reader grasps just how personally drain- ing and ethically frustrating the job can be. It is a book worth reading, if only to learn more about the scope of the issues that typically face any conscientious Secretary of Defense.


Book Reviews, The U.S . Navy War College Mar 2018

Book Reviews, The U.S . Navy War College

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


Future Mine Countermeasures, Martin Schwarz Mar 2018

Future Mine Countermeasures, Martin Schwarz

Naval War College Review

Admiral Smith’s point might be as valid today as it was sixty-four years ago. It refers to mines that he faced off the coast of Korea. Naval (or sea) mines are, by themselves or in combination with other weapons, a promising choice to parties pursuing antiaccess/area-denial objectives. The number of mines in the stocks of countries around the world and the ease of laying them mean that sea control is very likely to be lost again in future tension and conflict. This article is an attempt to describe the means, and to some extent the methods, under con- sideration to …


The Littoral Arena, Yedidia Ya’Ari Mar 2018

The Littoral Arena, Yedidia Ya’Ari

Naval War College Review

The shift of naval focus toward the littoral arena that has resulted from the dramatic changes in the geostrategic environment reflects a major rethink- ing of the role and objectives of sea power in the foreseeable future. Clearly these fundamental changes will result in an adjustment of the relative weight of “green water” and “brown water” missions on one hand and the high seas, which have been dominant in naval strategic thinking throughout this century, on the other. This article raises the question, however, of whether the process of transforma- tion is taking fully into account the scope of the …


A Theory Of Naval Airpower, Robert C. Rubel Mar 2018

A Theory Of Naval Airpower, Robert C. Rubel

Naval War College Review

The U.S. Navy has never been comfortable with theory or doctrine at what is now known as the operational level of war. The Navy has always pos- sessed robust ship- and formation-level doctrine—tactics—and of course has embraced the high-level sea-power theories of both Alfred Thayer Mahan and Julian Corbett. The gap in the middle either has not been needed—as has been essentially the case for most of the Navy’s history except for World War II—or has been filled by adaptive practice in the form of specific campaign or opera- tions plans. For the Navy, the old framework of strategy and …


China’S Maritime Disputes In The East And South China Seas, Peter A. Dutton Mar 2018

China’S Maritime Disputes In The East And South China Seas, Peter A. Dutton

Naval War College Review

China pursues its security through interior strategies that involve the develop- ment of rings of security around central areas of national interest. The Chi- nese have long felt vulnerable from the sea, and their current maritime strategy seeks to reduce that vulnerability by extending a ring of maritime control around China’s periphery. China pursues this control through a combination of force- structure development and legal assertions.


From The Editors, The U.S . Naval War College Mar 2018

From The Editors, The U.S . Naval War College

Naval War College Review

In recent testimony to the House Foreign Affairs Committee, Peter A. Dutton of the Naval War College offered a timely and incisive analysis of the aims and tactics of China in its ongoing maritime disputes in the East and South China Seas. We take the liberty (with his permission, of course) of reproducing that tes- timony here. Professor Dutton emphasizes the sophisticated—indeed, sophistical —strategy the Chinese have pursued in the international legal arena, so far with some apparent success. He believes that our allies in the region are anxious to see the United States take a greater leadership role on …


Kamikazes: The Soviet Legacy, Maksim Y. Tokarev Mar 2018

Kamikazes: The Soviet Legacy, Maksim Y. Tokarev

Naval War College Review

Throughout history, despite the influence of Alfred Thayer Mahan’s concepts, continental European and Asian navies have had a simple choice to make either to create a balanced fleet to engage another balanced fleet at sea and defeat it in one or more “decisive battles” or to take an “asymmetrical approach,” creating an “unbalanced” navy, able to prevent the enemy from achieving sea control and to keep one’s own vital sea lines of communication (SLOCs), if one has any, untouched by the enemy’s naval forces.


The Battle Of The Denmark Strait: A Critical Analysis Of The Bismarck’S Singular Triumph, Holger H. Holwig, Robert J. Winklareth Mar 2018

The Battle Of The Denmark Strait: A Critical Analysis Of The Bismarck’S Singular Triumph, Holger H. Holwig, Robert J. Winklareth

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


The Accidental Admiral: A Sailor Takes Command At Nato, Christopher Nelson, James G. Stavridis Mar 2018

The Accidental Admiral: A Sailor Takes Command At Nato, Christopher Nelson, James G. Stavridis

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


Restraint: A New Foundation For U.S. Grand Strategy, David T. Burbach, Barry R. Posen Mar 2018

Restraint: A New Foundation For U.S. Grand Strategy, David T. Burbach, Barry R. Posen

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


Israeli Targeting: A Legal Appraisal, John J. Merriam, Michael N. Schmitt Mar 2018

Israeli Targeting: A Legal Appraisal, John J. Merriam, Michael N. Schmitt

Naval War College Review

A review of Israel’s sometimes controversial positions on targeting law within the law of armed conflict shows that they are generally reasonable and consistent with mainstream contemporary state practice.


Autumn 2015 Full Issue, The U.S. Naval War College Mar 2018

Autumn 2015 Full Issue, The U.S. Naval War College

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


Review Essay: Grand Strategy And World Order, Karl Walling Mar 2018

Review Essay: Grand Strategy And World Order, Karl Walling

Naval War College Review

From the end of the Cold War in 1989–91 and with increasing urgency in the immediate aftermath of 11 September 2001, perhaps few subjects seemed more important to those who frame and study strategy than developing a new American grand strategy for the twenty-first century. Who would play the role of George Washington in his Farewell Address advising Americans to steer clear of permanent alliances (he did not say “entangling alliances”—that was Thomas Jefferson’s phrase in his first inaugural message; Washington’s brilliant speech- writer, Alexander Hamilton, accepted that temporary alliances might be neces- sary or advisable from time to time, …


Frogmen Against A Fleet: The Italian Attack On Alexandria 18/19 December 1941, Vincent P. O’Hara, Enrico Cernuschi Mar 2018

Frogmen Against A Fleet: The Italian Attack On Alexandria 18/19 December 1941, Vincent P. O’Hara, Enrico Cernuschi

Naval War College Review

In March 1939 Italy’s Regia Marina established a specialized and secret naval warfare unit called Decima Flottiglia MAS (Motoscafo Anti Sommergibili), generally known as the 10th Light Flotilla or X MAS. This unit was innovative, in that it employed selected, highly trained personnel using special weapons and delivery systems to conduct sneak attacks. On the night of 18 December 1941, six members of this unit penetrated the main British naval base in the eastern Mediterranean at Alexandria, Egypt, and disabled the Mediterranean Fleet’s two battleships, a tanker, and a destroyer. In few military endeavors has so little been risked to …


The Bulgarian Navy After The Cold War: Challenges Of Building And Modernizing An Effective Navy, Deborah Sanders Mar 2018

The Bulgarian Navy After The Cold War: Challenges Of Building And Modernizing An Effective Navy, Deborah Sanders

Naval War College Review

Bulgaria has made progress in building a navy able to advance its interests in the Black Sea and work alongside NATO allies, but modernization and professionalization have been slow and difficult.


The Law Of Cyber Targeting, Michael N. Schmitt Mar 2018

The Law Of Cyber Targeting, Michael N. Schmitt

Naval War College Review

Cyber technology on the battlefield has outpaced the law, or at least full understanding of how extant law governs emerging capabilities—a strategically perilous state of affairs.


From The Editors, Carnes Lord Mar 2018

From The Editors, Carnes Lord

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


Spring 2015 Full Issue, The U.S. Naval War College Mar 2018

Spring 2015 Full Issue, The U.S. Naval War College

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


Winter 2015 Review, The U.S. Naval War College Mar 2018

Winter 2015 Review, The U.S. Naval War College

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


The Key To Midway: Coral Sea And A Culture Of Learning, Carl Cavanagh Hodge Mar 2018

The Key To Midway: Coral Sea And A Culture Of Learning, Carl Cavanagh Hodge

Naval War College Review

Was the battle of Midway won or lost? In a recent edition of the Naval War College Review, James Levy grappled with some of the recurrent issues found in the scholarship of the battle of Midway, all of them related to the question whether one or another aspect of the Japanese way of war led to a catastrophic defeat at the hands of the U.S. Navy. Levy observes that an assumption common to many works is “that the Japanese did as much to lose the battle as the Americans did to win it, or more.”


China’S Blue Soft Power, Andrew S. Erickson, Austin M. Strange Mar 2018

China’S Blue Soft Power, Andrew S. Erickson, Austin M. Strange

Naval War College Review

On 3 September 2014, almost six years since Chinese warships first entered the Gulf of Aden to fulfill antipiracy duties, China Central Television (CCTV)–8 aired the first episode of “In the Gulf of Aden” (舰在亚丁湾). The multidozen-episode program, designed to “ignite raging patriotism” (燃起熊 熊爱国心), given evening prime-time status, and attracting a popular audience with a star-studded cast, explores in dramatic fashion Beijing’s experience fighting modern piracy.


The Race To The Bottom, Jan Joel Andersson Mar 2018

The Race To The Bottom, Jan Joel Andersson

Naval War College Review

The growing need to protect global shipping routes and the intensification of maritime territorial conflicts have led to a naval arms buildup around the world. Perhaps the most-cited example of this new focus on naval power is the increasing number of countries building or planning new aircraft carriers, but many analysts are more concerned about the proliferation of modern attack submarines. Often considered the ultimate weapon of naval warfare, submarines are versatile platforms able to attack surface ships, conduct antisubmarine war- fare (ASW), deploy mines, and, as they are increasingly equipped with missiles, attack land targets.


Summer 2016 Full Issue, The U.S Naval War College Mar 2018

Summer 2016 Full Issue, The U.S Naval War College

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.


In My View, Robert C. Rubel Mar 2018

In My View, Robert C. Rubel

Naval War College Review

I read the Winter 2016 article by Jonathan Altman, entitled “Russian A2/AD in the Eastern Mediterranean: A Growing Risk,” and I would like to highlight the urgency of securing NATO’s southern flank. NATO needs a stronger presence in the Mediterranean to monitor activities and prevent attacks on its members. U.S. Chief of Naval Operations Admiral John Richardson has stated that there is no plan to bolster scarce U.S. naval resources in the eastern Mediterranean. This means NATO must adapt by increasing its presence on its southern flank and boosting the military power of existing members to deter aggression in the …