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Articles 3211 - 3240 of 18425
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Red Blood Cell Biomechanics In Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Arun Kumar
Red Blood Cell Biomechanics In Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Arun Kumar
Master's Theses
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is characterized by severe fatigue, impaired cognition, and discomfort. Unfortunately, the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease are not well understood, and there are no diagnostic biomarkers. Early studies have shown that the red blood cells (RBC) in ME/CFS patients have poor filterability. This finding has been implicated in impaired microvascular oxygenation, which may contribute to post exertional malaise and profound fatigue. We hypothesized that RBC biomechanics in patients with ME/CFS are significantly different from those in healthy controls. To test this hypothesis, we use a microfluidic device with microchannels that are narrower than the …
Mobile Ka-Band Polarimetric Doppler Radar Observations Of Wildfire Smoke Plumes, Taylor Brianna Aydell
Mobile Ka-Band Polarimetric Doppler Radar Observations Of Wildfire Smoke Plumes, Taylor Brianna Aydell
Master's Theses
Remote sensing techniques have been more recently used to study and track wildfire smoke plume structure and evolution; however, knowledge gaps remain due to the limited availability of observational datasets aimed at understanding the fine-scale fire-atmosphere interactions and plume microphysics. In this study, we present a new mobile millimeter-wave (Ka-band) Doppler radar system acquired to sample the fine-scale kinematics and microphysical properties of active wildfire smoke plumes from both wildfires and large prescribed fires. Four field deployments were conducted in the fall of 2019 during two wildfires in California and one prescribed burn in Utah. An additional dataset of precipitation …
Prediction Of Novel Antibiofilm Peptides From Diverse Habitats Using Machine Learning, Bipasa Bose
Prediction Of Novel Antibiofilm Peptides From Diverse Habitats Using Machine Learning, Bipasa Bose
Master's Theses
Multidrug resistant bacteria often lead to biofilm formation. Biofilm is a colonizedform of pathogens (fungi, bacteria) attached to surfaces like animal or plant tissues, medical devices like catheters, and artificial heart valves. Biofilm formation prolongs the survival of microorganisms in an adaptive environment, leading to the spread of infection in different organs and causing a high morbidity rate. Given the rise of chronic infection and antibiotic resistance due to biofilm, it is essential to find an alternative solution to control biofilm infections. Antibiofilm peptides can interact with these biofilm-creating pathogens to inhibit growth, virulence, and biofilm formation. We hypothesized that …
Movement History Of The Pasayten Fault Zone: Insights Into Large-Scale Transport Across The North American Continental Margin, John Daniel Lee
Movement History Of The Pasayten Fault Zone: Insights Into Large-Scale Transport Across The North American Continental Margin, John Daniel Lee
Master's Theses
Controversial paleomagnetic data implies that at 90 Ma much of the Coast Mountains and Insular superterrane were 1200-3000 km to the south. The eastern boundary of these allochthonous rocks is near the Pasayten fault in southern British Columbia. This study covered an ~40 km segment of the fault, and the Eagle Plutonic Complex and Eagle shear zone to the east. In the 157-123 Ma Eagle tonalite, NE-vergent reverse shear zones involve rafts of the host Nicola Group; overall, the Eagle shear zone has flattening fabrics. Plutonic screens in the tonalite yielded a U-Pb zircon age of 207.9±2.1 Ma, implying rocks …
Fire Weather Associated With The 2019 Northern California Public Safety Power Shutoff Events, Scott Purdy
Fire Weather Associated With The 2019 Northern California Public Safety Power Shutoff Events, Scott Purdy
Master's Theses
Recent high impact wildfire events across California have piloted the implementation of grid de-energization by utilities across the state. The largest utility, Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E), deployed this tactic on seven separate occasions during 2019, four of which occurred in October. This recent ploy has been established in the wake of many deadly wildfires such as the 2018 Camp Fire as an ignition mitigation tactic. Conditions such as the state of the fuels, meteorological conditions, and the consequent fire danger were evaluated as the primary triggers for the October de-energizations. It was determined that the fuels were critically dry …
Processing And Characterization Of Ceria-Zirconia Containing Graphene Quantum Dots, Andrew Dina
Processing And Characterization Of Ceria-Zirconia Containing Graphene Quantum Dots, Andrew Dina
Master's Theses
Zirconia-based nanoparticles have been used in various applications, such as catalyst, filters, oxygen storage, and sensors. Among many synthesis methods to produce zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles, aqueous sodium borohydride (NaBH4) precipitation has shown to be simple and capable of large-scale production. In this work, the NaBH4 precipitation of ZrO2 was extended to include ceria (CeO2) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs). The resulting nanocomposites were characterized by thermal, crystallographic, compositional, and electron microscopy analysis techniques. The presence of CeO2 lowered the amorphous to tetragonal phase transformation temperature by ~40 ℃. The presence of GQDs did not affect the amorphous to tetragonal transformation …
Zika Virus Inactivates Polyamine Catabolism Via Alternative Splicing To Enhance Infection, Marion Lea Graham
Zika Virus Inactivates Polyamine Catabolism Via Alternative Splicing To Enhance Infection, Marion Lea Graham
Master's Theses
During viral infection, the virus and host must compete for resources inside the cell. One of these resources is polyamines. Polyamines are small, positively charged molecules that are found in all eukaryotic cells. They play a key role in several cellular functions including growth and proliferation, transcription and translation, and membrane stability. Viruses also rely polyamines for productive replication, utilizing them during DNA/RNa polymerization, nucleic acid packaging, and protein synthesis. in response to a virus infecting a host cell, the host cell will begin to regulate polyamine levels as a way to combat the infection. Polyamine levels are regulated by …
Transforming Growth Factor Beta Suppression Of Cd8+ T Cell Proliferation, Shena Geisinger
Transforming Growth Factor Beta Suppression Of Cd8+ T Cell Proliferation, Shena Geisinger
Master's Theses
Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-beta) is highly suppressive to both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation and function. in tumor microenvironments, TGF-beta has been described as immune suppressive, particularly to CD8+ T cells, however, the molecular mechanism behind how TGF-beta signaling controls T cell growth is not fully understood. Here, we report that TGF-beta inhibits CD8+ T cell proliferation and reduces expression of the CARMA1/BCL10/MALT1 (CBM) signalosome complex in activated CD8+ T cells. the CBM signalosome is an essential scaffold that forms after T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation, leading to the activation of NF-kB and AP-1. This observed reduction in …
The Characterization Of Inflammatory Extracellular Vesicles, Barak Balva
The Characterization Of Inflammatory Extracellular Vesicles, Barak Balva
Master's Theses
One of the driving factors behind innate immunity is the early response of inflammation. While beneficial in controlling infections, when uncontrolled it can lead to a plethora of disorders. Thus, it is essential to understand the driving factors behind inflammation. a cell's ability to recycle, discard, or transfer proteins is integral for survival and intercellular communication. It has been appreciated that inflammatory components, such as caspase-1, play a huge role in driving protein secretion. Thus, inflammation also plays a role in the distribution of proteins released from cells. These proteins are released via non-conventional secretory pathways, and our lab is …
Decreasing Women's Endorsement Of Benevolent Sexism, Kelsey Berryman
Decreasing Women's Endorsement Of Benevolent Sexism, Kelsey Berryman
Master's Theses
The aim of the current study was to reduce women's endorsement for benevolent sexist beliefs. the intervention aimed to educate women about the prevalence and seriousness of benevolent sexism. as this is a subtle and deceptively positive type of sexism, women are particularly susceptible in endorsing it (Glick & Fiske, 2001). in order to increase awareness for benevolent sexism in their everyday lives, some participants read an informational text about the pervasiveness and harmfulness of benevolent sexism in the U.S. This text was read after participants had already written about a time they engaged in benevolent sexism to elicit negative …
Queer Monstrosity: Dis/Ability, Sexuality, And Gender, Savannah Olivia Aldridge
Queer Monstrosity: Dis/Ability, Sexuality, And Gender, Savannah Olivia Aldridge
Master's Theses
The queer monster feeds, yet what does it feed on? What does it look like? Is it considered homosexual in Nature? Does one think of it as a source of camp or pure fear? It consumes us, literally. as a bioweapon that shoots and eats and destroys. It has and always will be the feared/ spectated/ and degraded€¦ the dis/abled queer. I investigate 'queer monstrosity' as a schizophrenic, trans feminine academic who lives multiple lives. There are three parts to my inquiry that is focused on this creation of lived experience: gender, sexuality, and dis/ability. How does including dis/ability in …
Predicting Drug Misuse Status Using Machine Learning On Electronic Health Records, Robert Arnold Kania
Predicting Drug Misuse Status Using Machine Learning On Electronic Health Records, Robert Arnold Kania
Master's Theses
Substance misuse is a major problem in the world. in 2014, as many as 52,404 deaths in the US were caused by drug overdoses. in 2001, the monetary cost of drug misuse has been estimated to be 414 billion dollars. in this work, we explore the use of different machine learning algorithms in the prediction of cocaine misuse using structured and unstructured data found in electronic health records. These records contain various attributes that can help with this prediction, including but not limited to chart text data, previous diagnoses of certain diseases and information about the area the patient lives …
Investigating The Role Of Hypusine In Viral Translation And Infection, Jeremy Joseph Esin
Investigating The Role Of Hypusine In Viral Translation And Infection, Jeremy Joseph Esin
Master's Theses
Polyamines are small, positively charged, molecules found in eukaryotic cells with roles in cellular function and viral infection. in previous work we have shown RNa viruses, including bunyaviruses, to be sensitive to polyamine depletion, but exact mechanisms are unknown. Bunyaviruses are emerging pathogens that cause encephalitis, hemorrhagic fevers, and meningitis. Rift Valley Fever Virus is a bunyavirus that infects both humans and livestock with severe mortality and morbidity. in previous work done with Rift Valley Fever Virus polyamine depleted results in noninfectious interfering particles without affecting the shape or size of the particles. Here, I investigate a specific metabolic pathway …
Understanding The Role Of Relationship Satisfaction In Social Support Provision For Youth In The Child Welfare System, Nathan Michael Lutz
Understanding The Role Of Relationship Satisfaction In Social Support Provision For Youth In The Child Welfare System, Nathan Michael Lutz
Master's Theses
The objective of this study was to examine kin social support and relationship satisfaction, as well as the interaction between these two variables, in terms of their association with placement stability, externalizing behaviors, and internalizing symptoms for youth in the child welfare system. Ordinary Least Squares Regression methods were used in conjunction with Poisson and Negative Binomial Regression methods. the study also examined two different methods for calculating the interaction term to determine relationship satisfaction's moderating effect on the relationship between social support and the outcomes. Results suggested that relationship satisfaction does act as a moderator when externalizing behaviors and …
The Effect Of Imagined Intergroup Contact On Heterosexism, Laurel Mertz
The Effect Of Imagined Intergroup Contact On Heterosexism, Laurel Mertz
Master's Theses
Heterosexism and other forms of prejudice against the LGBTQ community remain prevalent across the world. Thus, the study of how to reduce heterosexism has become a much more common and necessary domain of research in recent years. Previous research has demonstrated mixed results of the effect of imagined intergroup contact on heterosexism. the current study sought to evaluate various contexts in which imagined intergroup contact would decrease or increase levels of both implicit and explicit heterosexist attitudes. I predicted that individuals who imagined winning a basketball game with a gay teammate would display more positive attitudes toward gay men whereas …
Investigating Dispersal Ability To Infer Diversification In The Birds Of Madagascar, Robert D. Lauer
Investigating Dispersal Ability To Infer Diversification In The Birds Of Madagascar, Robert D. Lauer
Master's Theses
The objective of this study was to investigate whether dispersal ability, as measured by a proxy of hand-wing index 2, influenced diversification of the birds of Madagascar at two scales. Madagascar is home to several avian lineages that have diversified greatly while other lineages are only represented by a single species. a key question in evolutionary biology is why some of these lineages diversified while others did not. One way to address this is to examine what features of these lineages promotes their diversification. Recent studies have focused on the relative importance of dispersal ability to diversification at the continental …
Optimizing Gene Expression Prediction And Omics Integration In Populations Of African Ancestry, Paul Chukwuebuka Okoro
Optimizing Gene Expression Prediction And Omics Integration In Populations Of African Ancestry, Paul Chukwuebuka Okoro
Master's Theses
Popular transcriptome imputation methods such as PrediXcan and FUSIon use parametric linear assumptions, and thus are unable to flexibly model the complex genetic architecture of the transcriptome. Although non-linear modeling has been shown to improve imputation performance, replicability and potential cross-population differences have not been adequately studied. Therefore, to optimize imputation performance across global populations, we used the non-linear machine learning (ML) models random forest (RF), support vector regression (SVR), and K nearest neighbor (KNN) to build transcriptome imputation models, and evaluated their performance in comparison to elastic net (EN). We trained gene expression prediction models using genotype and blood …
Characterization Of Caspase 1 Substrate Specificity Utilizing Luminescent Reporter Constructs, Nicholas Rohlfes
Characterization Of Caspase 1 Substrate Specificity Utilizing Luminescent Reporter Constructs, Nicholas Rohlfes
Master's Theses
Inflammation is the bodies first response to defend itself against foreign pathogens and damage. Cellular sensors are constantly monitoring the body and checking for homeostatic disruption. Microbial pathogens and tissue damage are sensed by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which sense pathogen associated molecular patterns and damage associated molecular patterns, termed PAMPs and DAMPs respectively. Within the family of PRRs are sensors that can induce the formation of the multi-protein complex termed the inflammasome following activation. the inflammasome complex is a molecular platform for which caspase 1, a cysteine protease, is incorporated and is responsible for the maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines …
Tumor Immunology: Understanding The Immune System And Cancer To Enhance The Efficacy Of Cancer Immunotherapies, Natasha Malibu Lenart
Tumor Immunology: Understanding The Immune System And Cancer To Enhance The Efficacy Of Cancer Immunotherapies, Natasha Malibu Lenart
Master's Theses
Tumor cells are notorious for their ability to escape immune surveillance, but developments in the understanding of the tumor microenvironment and how the immune system can be re-activated in tumors have had significant clinical impact. Commercially available and experimental methods such as adoptive cellular therapy, cytokine stimulation, and immune checkpoint blockade are promising immunotherapies for a variety of cancers, including solid tumors and hematological malignancies. However, induction of persistent, long-term anti-tumor immunity after initial treatment is infamously difficult. as a result, scientists are searching for new approaches to improve established immunotherapies. by employing combination treatments or enhancing the functionality of …
The Longitudinal Relationship Between Callous-Unemotional Traits And Exposure To Community Violence: Examining Primary And Secondary Psychopathy In Serious Adolescent Offenders, Elizabeth Sargent
Master's Theses
in youth, psychopathy is often represented by callous-unemotional traits, characterized by a lack of guilt and empathy. While justice-involved youth can exhibit such traits, less research has been done in adolescents than has been with adults in the justice system. Still, previous research supports that callous-unemotional traits in particular can predict higher risk for adverse outcomes and violent behavior in youth. Various vulnerabilities and experiences contribute to the development of callous-unemotional traits, and while some individuals with psychopathic traits are thought to have been born with an innate inability to feel empathy (primary psychopathy), others may experience psychological distress in …
Latino Parents' Acculturative Stress And Their Preschoolers' Prosocial Development: Testing The Mediating Role Of Parenting Style, Zahra Fatima Naqi
Latino Parents' Acculturative Stress And Their Preschoolers' Prosocial Development: Testing The Mediating Role Of Parenting Style, Zahra Fatima Naqi
Master's Theses
Studies increasingly recognize the importance of cultural factors when studying the development of immigrant children from low-income backgrounds. There is reason to believe that parents' acculturative stress may be linked to children's prosocial development, via parenting. the present study included a sample of immigrant Latino parents of 3- to 5-year-old Head Start preschoolers (N = 28) to examine how parents' acculturative stress might be associated with children's prosocial behavior at home, as reported by parents, and at school, as reported by teachers. Furthermore, it studied whether this linkage is mediated by warm, supportive, and hostile parenting practices. Results indicated that …
Condition Severity And Parent Psychosocial Functioning In Families Of Youth With Spina Bifida: The Role Of Parental Attitudes And Beliefs, Elicia Wartman
Condition Severity And Parent Psychosocial Functioning In Families Of Youth With Spina Bifida: The Role Of Parental Attitudes And Beliefs, Elicia Wartman
Master's Theses
Past research suggests that parents of youth with spina bifida (SB) have worse psychosocial outcomes than parents of typically developing youth. SB is a complex medical condition that is accompanied by varying degrees of physical disability and cognitive deficits. Research on stress and coping suggests that parents' attitudes and beliefs may contribute to their own psychosocial adjustment. This study unpacks condition severity and examines the role of severity of condition-related factors in predicting parental adjustment and parental attitudes and beliefs. Participants were recruited as part of a larger longitudinal study. Information on condition severity, including type of SB, lesion level, …
The Creation And Evolution Of Introductory Courses In Women's Studies Programs, Tori Kay Olson
The Creation And Evolution Of Introductory Courses In Women's Studies Programs, Tori Kay Olson
Master's Theses
This study seeks to understand what affects knowledge production in introductory women's studies courses. Using critical discourse analysis, the study looks at the archives of two very different programs within the Chicago area. the two programs studied, Loyola University Chicago and University of Illinois€”Chicago, offer two different examples of how women's studies programs were created and evolved, and how this influenced the knowledge production in their introductory courses. in addition to the archival materials of these two universities, this study relies on various reports and accounts written by women's studies scholars during the same timeframe as the documented archival material …
Trajectories Of Adaptive Functioning Among Youth With Spina Bifida: The Influence Of Neurocognitive Functioning And Parental Scaffolding, Adrien Winning
Trajectories Of Adaptive Functioning Among Youth With Spina Bifida: The Influence Of Neurocognitive Functioning And Parental Scaffolding, Adrien Winning
Master's Theses
Youth with spina bifida (SB), a congenital birth defect affecting the central nervous system, are at risk of experiencing an array of psychosocial and functional deficits (Copp et al., 2015; Holmbeck et al., 2003). Indeed, previous research has documented difficulties across the three adaptive functioning domains outlined by the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD): conceptual (e.g., communication, self-direction, functional academics), social (e.g., interpersonal skills), and practical (e.g., self-care, navigating health-care; Copp et al., 2015). Despite this evidence, whether or not children with SB typically acquire skills across development is largely unknown. Additionally, little is known about risk …
Enabling The Clinical Detection Of Human Papilloma Virus (Hpv) To Enhance Effective Diagnosis And Research, Jennifer Sackey
Enabling The Clinical Detection Of Human Papilloma Virus (Hpv) To Enhance Effective Diagnosis And Research, Jennifer Sackey
Master's Theses
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. There are over 150 different genotypes of HPV. Some cause benign warts, while others cause several types of cancer. Subunit vaccines comprised of the capsid protein from an increasing number of HPV genotypes have been developed; however, the vaccines are prophylactic and are documented to protect against only 9 of the HPV genotypes. Importantly, there are also significant limitations in the clinical detection of HPV. Current clinical tests can only specifically identify HPV16 and HPV18. One of the test also detects 12 of the other high-oncogenic risk …
A Susceptibility Study Of Urinary Isolates To Methenamine Hippurate And Its Metabolites, Nancy Sloan
A Susceptibility Study Of Urinary Isolates To Methenamine Hippurate And Its Metabolites, Nancy Sloan
Master's Theses
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in adult women. Treatment is one of the most common reasons for antibiotic prescription. the rise of antibiotic-resistant infections coupled with the shortage of new antibiotics creates an urgent need for alternative non-antibiotic treatments. One alternative is methenamine hippurate (MH), which is a non-antibiotic prophylaxis. It is reported to be active against some common uropathogens including Escherichia coli and Enterococcus species, but its effects on the newly discovered bladder microbiota (urobiome) are undocumented. Given this knowledge gap, this study aimed to evaluate the drug's spectrum of susceptibility on …
"Location, Location, Location": How Where A Prisoner Is Housed Influences The Prison Disciplinary Process, Phillip Thomas Whittington
"Location, Location, Location": How Where A Prisoner Is Housed Influences The Prison Disciplinary Process, Phillip Thomas Whittington
Master's Theses
The primary objective of this research is to gauge the extent to which Illinois' prisons vary in the severity of disciplinary sanctions imposed upon prisoners found guilty of committing similar rule violations. This research also seeks to identify factors that are most determinative of severity of disciplinary sanctions imposed upon prisoners after accounting for variance between prisons. the sample was constructed using data provided by Illinois prison officials concerning all prisoners released from prison in Illinois during a four-year period who were found guilty of committing at least one rule violation during their last term of incarceration. the research objective …
Determining Interactions Between Bacteriophage And Urinary Microbiome Lysogens, Michael Bochert
Determining Interactions Between Bacteriophage And Urinary Microbiome Lysogens, Michael Bochert
Master's Theses
Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect bacteria. They are the most abundant life forms on earth. It is estimated that there are approximately 10³⁰ phages on the planet (Chibani-Chennoufi et al. 2004). They outnumber their bacterial hosts approximately 10 to 1. Bacteria inhabit most niches on the planet including the human body, where they play critical roles in health and disease. Since phages shape bacterial populations the same way that viruses, such as smallpox and measles, shaped human populations, it is important to understand how they interact with their bacterial hosts. The majority of the phages that we know of …
Effects Of Optic Nerve Head Astrocyte-Derived Exosomes On Neuronal Survival And Differentiation In Vitro In A Model For Exfoliation Glaucoma, Harsh Nilesh Hariani
Effects Of Optic Nerve Head Astrocyte-Derived Exosomes On Neuronal Survival And Differentiation In Vitro In A Model For Exfoliation Glaucoma, Harsh Nilesh Hariani
Master's Theses
Exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) is characterized by deposition of exfoliation material at the trabecular meshwork thereby blocking aqueous outflow and consequently increasing intraocular pressure (IOP). Elevated IOP initiates glaucomatous biomechanical damage at the optic nerve head (ONH) eventually resulting in retinal neuronal death and vision loss. The major cell type at ONH are ONH astrocytes (ONHA). A chronic downregulation of LOXL1 expression has been reported in ONH of XFG patients. We hypothesized that wild-type and LOXL1 knock-down ONHA derived exosomes have differential effects on neurons in vitro.We here report that ONHAs release exosomes, which can be taken up by astrocytes and …
Wayfinder Application For Autistic Occupational Assistance, Nathaniel Edward Hishon
Wayfinder Application For Autistic Occupational Assistance, Nathaniel Edward Hishon
Master's Theses
Employment among autistic individuals is an area of noted difficulty, with an employment rate well below the general population [1]. Several barriers attributed to autistic unemployment, including difficulties communicating with employers and social interactions with coworkers, obsessive adherence to routine, and trouble organizing and completing workplace tasks, are also attributed to challenges in maintaining employment [2]. Several studies have concluded that long-term employment support is necessary to acquire and maintain autistic employment [3]. The noted benefit of intensive job training, such as access to job coaches, indicates the need for further support to help autistic individuals complete workplace tasks and …