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Articles 121 - 150 of 330
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The Reagan Administration And The Aids Epidemic: The Relationship Between Rhetoric And Marginalization, Leah Pimm
Honors Theses
The use of rhetoric can be a powerful tool to persuade individuals. Politicians are no stranger to using this tool and often employ it when speaking to their constituents. One politician who utilized his own forms of rhetoric is former President Ronald Reagan. Reagan used rhetoric to discuss major issues with the American public, including the AIDS epidemic. This thesis analyzes Reagan and his administration’s use of rhetoric regarding the AIDS epidemic in order to answer the research question: How did the Reagan administration’s use of rhetoric further marginalize the risk groups associated with the AIDS epidemic? Although previous literature …
The Diversity And Evolution Of Phenazine Biosynthesis Pathways In Enterobacterales, Christian Leise
The Diversity And Evolution Of Phenazine Biosynthesis Pathways In Enterobacterales, Christian Leise
Honors Theses
Enterobacterales is an order of Gram-negative bacteria that encompasses plant and animal pathogens and organisms of industrial importance. Some of these bacteria produce secondary metabolites classified as phenazines (Phz). Studies in other groups of microorganisms revealed that phenazines are redox-active and exhibit broad antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic activity. Enterobacterales are known to produce phenazines, but details about the diversity, biochemistry, and function of phenazine metabolites in these organisms are missing. In this work, we screened the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) GenBank for genome sequences of phenazine-producing (Phz+) Enterobacterales. Additionally, genomes of Phz+ strains Pectobacterium carotovorum cc303 and …
The Role Of Gac/Rsm Signal Transduction Pathway In The Biology Of Antagonistic Marine Bacterium Gynuella Sunshinyii 449, Anhthu Truong
The Role Of Gac/Rsm Signal Transduction Pathway In The Biology Of Antagonistic Marine Bacterium Gynuella Sunshinyii 449, Anhthu Truong
Honors Theses
Gynuella sunshinyii is a newly characterized bacterium with a remarkable ability to produce multiple secondary metabolites that act as potential antibiotics for medical applications. Currently, little is known about gene regulation in this unusual microorganism. In 2018, studies conducted of rhizosphere microbiomes of tidal marsh grasses on Deer Island, MS, resulted in multiple isolates of halophilic, aerobic, Gram-negative bacteria with antagonistic properties. One of the most active antagonists was identified as Gynuella sunshinyii 449. The genome of strain 449 was sequenced with Illumina MiSeq, assembled with Unicycler and SPAdes, and annotated with RASTtk. The annotation revealed a 6.09 Mb genome …
The Impact Of Oxygen Availability And Oxidative Stress On Regulation Of Cyclic-Dimeric-Gmp In Listeria Monocytogenes Strain F2365, Anna G. Welch
The Impact Of Oxygen Availability And Oxidative Stress On Regulation Of Cyclic-Dimeric-Gmp In Listeria Monocytogenes Strain F2365, Anna G. Welch
Honors Theses
Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive foodborne pathogen that results in the infectious disease listeriosis. The second messenger molecule cyclic-dimeric-GMP has been found to be responsible for the regulation of expression of many of its virulence factors with diguanylate cyclases and phosphodiesterases regulating the intracellular concentration of cyclic-di-GMP through synthesis and degradation, respectively. This study investigated the possibility that the availability of oxygen is the environmental signal crucial to the regulation of these enzymes. Prior research in our laboratory has demonstrated that the intracellular concentration of cyclic-di-GMP is elevated when exposed to anaerobic conditions. Due to this, it was hypothesized that …
Study Of The Role Of The Msaabcr Operon In Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Activity And Persister Cell Formation In Staphylococcus Aureus, Karsen Motter
Study Of The Role Of The Msaabcr Operon In Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Activity And Persister Cell Formation In Staphylococcus Aureus, Karsen Motter
Honors Theses
Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen that causes wide arrays of infections ranging from minor skin infections to lethal systemic conditions such as infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis, sepsis and pneumonia. These systemic diseases are often difficult to treat due to the presence of persister cells. Persister cells are a phenotypic variant of the bacterial population that exhibit extreme and transient antibiotic tolerance accompanied by a transient halt in growth. Upon cessation of antibiotic treatment, however, persisters resume growth which results in recurrence of infections. This characteristic of persister cells therefore displays high clinical significance. In this study, we show the …
Molecular Characterization Of Galectin From Amblyomma Americanum In Context Of Α-Gal Syndrome, Sumar Beauti
Molecular Characterization Of Galectin From Amblyomma Americanum In Context Of Α-Gal Syndrome, Sumar Beauti
Honors Theses
The lone star tick Amblyomma americanum is a vector of various disease-causing pathogens and tick-borne alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) with rapidly expanding populations in the south- and northeast regions of the United States. This study aimed to molecularly characterize galectin and determine its involvement in galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-gal) synthesis, transport, reproductive fitness, and microbial homeostasis in this tick. The lone star tick galectin possesses two conserved carbohydrate recognition domains and shares homology with other Ixodid tick galectins. Time and tissue-dependent expression data shows that galectin is constantly expressed in salivary glands, midgut, and ovary tissues. An RNA interference approach was used to …
Determine The Effects Of Propionate On The Activation Of Macrophages Against The Intracellular Pathogen Listeria Monocytogenes, Leah O. Allen
Determine The Effects Of Propionate On The Activation Of Macrophages Against The Intracellular Pathogen Listeria Monocytogenes, Leah O. Allen
Honors Theses
The main goal of this research is to see how propionate, a common food preservative and an important metabolite in humans, alters the activation of our immune system. The effects of propionate on macrophage activation will be determined by using nitrite and LDH assays. For these assays, different concentrations of propionate will be tested to determine how macrophages respond to the activation by LPS and interferon gamma. Another goal of this project is to determine the effects of propionate and macrophage activation on intracellular survival of L. monocytogenes. A gentamicin protection assay will be used to better establish the role …
Determine The Effects Of Propionate On The Interactions Between Macrophages And Listeria Monocytogenes, Stephanie M. Johnson
Determine The Effects Of Propionate On The Interactions Between Macrophages And Listeria Monocytogenes, Stephanie M. Johnson
Honors Theses
Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic and intracellular foodborne pathogen that can be deadly in high risk populations. During infection in the human body, L. monocytogenes may encounter macrophages, a type of white blood cell that is critical in innate immune response both by directly targeting invading pathogens and by eliciting adaptive immune responses. During intestinal as well as peripheral infections, both L. monocytogenes and macrophages may encounter propionate, a common gut microbiome metabolite. Although propionate is shown to have various regulatory and nutritional functions, its effects on infection outcome is not well understood. Therefore, the goal of this research is …
Design During A Pandemic: Application Of The Well Building Standard To Historic Engel Stadium, Laurel Getty
Design During A Pandemic: Application Of The Well Building Standard To Historic Engel Stadium, Laurel Getty
Honors Theses
Can buildings prevent the spread of disease through their design? This study argues that by employing the WELL Building Standard to an adaptive reuse project during the COVID-19 pandemic, human health and wellbeing is increased. Research shows that adapting existing buildings to the WELL Building Standard improves air quality, promotes clean contact, and strengthens immune systems (The International WELL Building Institute, 2020). Additionally, adapting existing historic structures maintains cultural significance within the community. This thesis creates a hypothetical adaptive reuse plan for adapting Engel Stadium in Chattanooga, Tennessee into Engel Concourse, a gathering place for students, UTC faculty, and community …
Being Female And Indigenous: Barriers To Reducing Bolivia's Maternal Mortality Rates Under Evo Morales, Channell Cole
Being Female And Indigenous: Barriers To Reducing Bolivia's Maternal Mortality Rates Under Evo Morales, Channell Cole
Honors Theses
This thesis seeks to answer the question: What are the barriers to attempts to reduce Bolivia’s maternal mortality rate under Evo Morales? While Morales’ presidency began in 2006, the timeline is from 2004 to the present to account for changes due to his policy. Using activity theory and social capital theory, I argue that machismo and racism are two social factors that are barriers to efforts to reduce the maternal mortality rate. Machismo manifests itself uniquely in Bolivia, as I argue through a comparison to Paraguay. Machismo is also riddled with a history of anti-indigenous racism. I examine the Rockefeller …
Social Environment Changes During Covid-19 Quarantine, Aileen Jimenez
Social Environment Changes During Covid-19 Quarantine, Aileen Jimenez
Honors Theses
The purpose of this research project is to understand perceptions of the psychological, behavioral, and social impacts of COVID-19. Students at the University of Mississippi were invited to participate in an online questionnaire administered through Qualtrics. The questionnaire was composed of questions concerning health behaviors, including questions from the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21, Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Scale, Fear of Coronavirus-19 Scale, and the World Health Organization’s COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring study. 274 students participated in the study. Overall, the results of this study suggested moderate distress across the sample, differences in sleep, exercise, and alcohol consumption during quarantine conditions, …
Overdose Prevention Sites Placement Informed By Simulation, Jing Dong
Overdose Prevention Sites Placement Informed By Simulation, Jing Dong
Honors Theses
In Philadelphia, people are experiencing the greatest opioid crisis in a century. Plac- ing the Overdose Prevention Site (OPS) can alleviate this crisis. However, the journey to the successful launch of the first OPS in the USA is rough. It was first accused of having a collision with federal drug laws. While Safehouse won the lawsuit and the OPS was judged to be legal in 2020, other pressure rose afterward such as the against from the public and the COVID19, which delayed the plan to open the OPS. Without solid research on the effectiveness of OPS, we thought it is …
Art And Aids: Viral Strategies For Visibility, Stephen Baylor Pillow
Art And Aids: Viral Strategies For Visibility, Stephen Baylor Pillow
Honors Theses
“Art & AIDS: Viral Strategies for Visibility” examines the complex relationships between social stigma, healthcare, homophobia, and mortality, and how these impacted the lives of Western artists and manifested in their works. Most of the art discussed in this thesis was produced during the height of the AIDS crisis (late-1980s to mid-1990s). During this period, gay artists and their allies employed new strategies in their work to inspire activism, and convey intense emotions –– predominantly frustration, grief, and anxiety –– associated with HIV/AIDS. In the U.S., the inaction of the Reagan administration was largely due to widespread homophobia kindled by …
Potential Interactions Between Gper1 And Hiv Tat-Mediated Neurotoxicity, Shiwani Thapa
Potential Interactions Between Gper1 And Hiv Tat-Mediated Neurotoxicity, Shiwani Thapa
Honors Theses
Great advances have been made in the treatment of HIV, however, new infections remain consistent each year with no effective cure. The early entry of HIV virus into the central nervous system is thought to contribute to the development of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. One of the mechanisms of neurological impairment may involve actions of the neurotoxic HIV viral protein, trans-activator of transcription (Tat). Tat can be secreted from infected cells and acts as an excitotoxin, increasing the intracellular flux of Ca2+ , promoting mitochondrial dysfunction, and neural cell damage/death. Previous experiments have shown that steroid hormones such as estrogen can …
Increasing Mississippi’S Hpv Vaccination Rate: A Proposal Based On Providers’ Insights, Madison N. Thornton
Increasing Mississippi’S Hpv Vaccination Rate: A Proposal Based On Providers’ Insights, Madison N. Thornton
Honors Theses
Despite high childhood vaccination rates for required vaccinations for kindergarten, including the MMR vaccine, Mississippi has the lowest HPV vaccination rate in the nation. This is so even though the HPV vaccine can prevent multiple cancers, including cervical cancer, of which Mississippi has the nation’s highest mortality rate. This study seeks to understand the factors surrounding Mississippi’s low HPV vaccination rate as well as potential policy solutions to increase this rate. To accomplish this, the author conducted interviews with 13 Mississippi physicians in various specialties to gather qualitative data. As a result of these interviews, the author found that the …
Covid-19 And Challenges To The Traditional Understanding Of Individual Medical Autonomy, Callon A. Green
Covid-19 And Challenges To The Traditional Understanding Of Individual Medical Autonomy, Callon A. Green
Honors Theses
Throughout history, vaccines have provided the human population with the ability to combat dangerous illnesses and avoid preventable suffering. Despite the benefits vaccines provide to the public health of the United States, anti-vaccination sentiment and resistance to vaccine uptake are still prevalent in the modern day. As the COVID-19 pandemic has developed into a major public health crisis that can be controlled through vaccination, the issues underlying vaccine resistance are becoming more critical to return to normal life. Using COVID-19 as a case study, it is evident that the individual choice to deny vaccination can have consequences on the health …
Association Of Trim Gene Variation And Lpdv Infection Patterns In Wild Turkeys, Bennett Fry
Association Of Trim Gene Variation And Lpdv Infection Patterns In Wild Turkeys, Bennett Fry
Honors Theses
Emerging infectious diseases pose a serious threat to various species throughout the globe, including humans. The lymphoproliferative disease virus (LPDV) in wild turkeys is an example of disease virus whose impact on its host requires additional study. Although the first description of lymphoproliferative disease came from outbreaks in domestic turkey flocks in Europe, it is now known that LPDV is widespread in wild turkey populations in North America. In an effort to understand what may affect an individual turkey’s susceptibility to this virus, variation in part of the anti-viral TRIM62 gene was investigated. DNA was extracted from hunter-collected, turkey blood …
Xenophobia In The Covid-19 Era, Joanne Jeya
Xenophobia In The Covid-19 Era, Joanne Jeya
Honors Theses
COVID-19 has altered people's daily lives across the globe and heightened tensions in response to changing economic, social, and political conditions. In the United States, xenophobia has seemingly escalated in the COVID-19 era, particularly towards Asians and people of Asian descent. The assumed reasoning for this rise in anti-Asian sentiment is tied to the presumed origins of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome‐Coronavirus‐2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, first detected in Wuhan, China, prompting some to initially call the disease the Wuhan or Chinese virus, among other racialized terms like the "Kung-flu." It remains to be seen if xenophobic acts have increased throughout the …
The Investigation Of Appalachian Public Health, Patricia A. Clem
The Investigation Of Appalachian Public Health, Patricia A. Clem
Honors Theses
Public health in Appalachia is a complex area of study. While urban-rural disparities have been a focus of researchers and policy-makers for decades, inequalities continue to grow. During the past two semesters of Honors Thesis Research, the prevalence of disparities between Appalachian college students and non-Appalachian college students at Eastern Kentucky University was brought into question. Through the use of outside sources and surveys amongst current EKU students, this research was conducted to discover not only the challenges that Appalachian college students face, but also what this campus can do to help acknowledge and mitigate the students’ challenges; therefore, increasing …
Making The Comeback From Combat: An Analysis Of The Effectiveness Of Occupational Therapy For Combat Veterans, Julia A. Hickey
Making The Comeback From Combat: An Analysis Of The Effectiveness Of Occupational Therapy For Combat Veterans, Julia A. Hickey
Honors Theses
Combat veterans have been found to experience difficulties with community reintegration after coming back from their deployments. Many of them experience physical and mental injuries from their deployment, such as mild traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, and amputations. Combat veterans not having effective treatment for these injuries can contribute to issues with community reintegration. These issues can consist of marital and financial problems, problems with alcohol or substance abuse, homelessness, and motor vehicle accidents. The Department of Veterans Affairs and the United States military have put forth efforts with improving community reintegration for combat veterans; one of those efforts …
Potential Of Biochar For The Removal Of Waterborne Microbial Contaminants, Shankia Musser
Potential Of Biochar For The Removal Of Waterborne Microbial Contaminants, Shankia Musser
Honors Theses
A Guadua chacoensis bamboo biochar, which has shown efficacy for heavy metal, organic and inorganic compound remediation, was tested for its capacity to remove Escherichia coli, heterotrophic bacteria, and total coliform bacteria to determine if the biochar is a viable option for removal of pathogenic microbes in drinking water applications. Two distinct approaches were used to perform this assessment. In the first approach, an axenic culture of E. coli was treated using varying amounts of biochar and E. coli survival was assessed. In the second approach, environmental water samples taken from surface water at the Mississippi State University campus were …
Modeling Of Covid-19 Utilizing Various Compartmental Models To Predict Infection Rates Throughout Michigan, Colleen M. Staniszewski
Modeling Of Covid-19 Utilizing Various Compartmental Models To Predict Infection Rates Throughout Michigan, Colleen M. Staniszewski
Honors Theses
Compartmental modeling is a method of employing math to create a visual representation of a disease interacting with a select population, typically used in epidemiology analyses. This project applies compartmental modeling equations to data collected on the various aspects of COVID-19 in Michigan. Comparing current data to past predictive models, as well as the visual representations that were developed through the various compartmental modeling methods, allows an assessment of the effects of the preventative measures taken by the state, the various rates at which the infection is able to spread, as well as the potential path and spread of the …
Protecting Privacy In Covid-19 Digital Contact Tracing, Nicolas M. Turner
Protecting Privacy In Covid-19 Digital Contact Tracing, Nicolas M. Turner
Honors Theses
Digital contact tracing applications are a necessary and potentially dangerous tool used to combat the spread of COVID-19. Due to the potentially sensitive nature of personal information gathered by contact tracing applications, there is high potential for privacy issues to arise. This thesis explores the dangers of digital contact tracing or contact tracing via a mobile application. Focusing on the United States, this paper studies how contact tracing works and how a contact tracing application might collect different types of data. The paper then studies the effects of giving up location data and health data and what potential ramifications that …
Factors Contributing To Diminished Long-Term Outcomes Of Secondary Infections, Alia Tayara
Factors Contributing To Diminished Long-Term Outcomes Of Secondary Infections, Alia Tayara
Honors Theses
It is widely known that patients suffer diminished long-term outcomes in the years following secondary infections, infectious diseases that occur during or after treatment of a primary infection such as influenza or COVID-19. One common secondary infection is pneumonia, which has become the most fatal hospital-acquired infection. The bacterium responsible for pneumonia is known as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The cytotoxic supernatant in these studies was generated from a PA103 strain of Psuedomonas aeruginosa with a type III secretion system that maintains the ability to transfer exoenzymes ExoU and ExoT into target cells during infection. The focus of the following studies was …
Health Insurance And The Undocumented Immigrant, Anja Diercks
Health Insurance And The Undocumented Immigrant, Anja Diercks
Honors Theses
The purpose of this thesis is to perform a comparative analysis on how seven different countries (USA, South Africa, Germany, England, Canada, France and Singapore) organize their healthcare system to cope with the issue of undocumented immigrants and whether or not these systems in place were “fair.” The thesis will also explore the possible ways the United States could change to be more inclusive and fairer in the world of healthcare and health insurance for the undocumented immigrant. A study on what fairness means both in ethical and economical terms is done to suggest a new basis of a fair …
Phenotypic Analysis Of S. Aureus Strains From University Student Health Centers And Environmental Controls, Antonio Teixeira
Phenotypic Analysis Of S. Aureus Strains From University Student Health Centers And Environmental Controls, Antonio Teixeira
Honors Theses
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a group of pathogenic bacterial strains resistant to a class of antibiotics that is a major cause for concern in health care systems. There is a lack of study in whether health care centers are reservoirs for these bacteria, especially within developed countries. Five environmental swab samples were collected from five different university health care centers across the region, and 16 swab samples from a general university environment. Any isolated bacterial strains collected underwent five biochemical tests (mannitol fermentation, DNase activity, oxidase activity, catalase activity, and coagulase activity) to preliminarily identify S. aureus bacteria. 24% …
Examination Of Sleep Disturbance, Anxiety Sensitivity, And Depression In An Undergraduate Sample, Dasha Grace
Examination Of Sleep Disturbance, Anxiety Sensitivity, And Depression In An Undergraduate Sample, Dasha Grace
Honors Theses
Sleep contributes to overall well-being, mental health, and daily functioning. Sleep disturbances negatively affect psychological, physiological, and biological processing, and the quality of sleep is similarly affected by these processes. The effects of sleep disturbance call for a greater understanding of depression and anxiety sensitivity among college students. Studies have found that sleep disturbance affects nearly 90% of the college student population. The aims of the current study were to examine: 1) types and rates of sleep disturbance among a sample of college students, 2) associations between sleep disturbance, AS, and depression symptoms, and 3) AS and depression symptoms by …
The Relationship Between Glucocorticoids And The Humoral Immune Response To Mycoplasma Gallisepticum Challenges In Eastern Bluebirds, Joshua Smith
Honors Theses
Numerous studies have examined relationships between adrenal glucocorticoids and the immune system’s ability to fight disease. The relationship can vary, with glucocorticoids having either stimulatory or inhibitory effects. The pathogenic bacterium Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) elicits an adaptive immune response in birds, in which B cells produce MG-specific antibodies to fight the infection and prevent reoccurrence. Previous research found that Eastern Bluebirds that produce the most antibodies in response to MG infection also have the highest glucocorticoid levels. This finding led to the current study investigating whether corticosterone, the primary glucocorticoid in birds, stimulates production of antibodies in response to immune …
Electronic Health Records And Health Information Exchange And Their Impact On International Healthcare System Efficiency, David Pfaehler
Electronic Health Records And Health Information Exchange And Their Impact On International Healthcare System Efficiency, David Pfaehler
Honors Theses
The 19th century epidemiological transition in healthcare caused a major shift in physician focus from curing one-time, deadly illness to managing chronic disease. Now, even the most advanced international healthcare systems must find a way to increase their efficiency in order to compensate for heightened strains on medical systems and swelling costs of healthcare delivery. Fortunately, recent technological innovation and, chiefly, the growth of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) provide a potential solution to this looming threat. EHRs are digital charts with the potential to store and share patient health data among providers to offer the most informed, streamlined care available. …
Socioeconomic Status And Symptoms Of Anxiety And Depression In Pregnant Women, Meagan Mandabach
Socioeconomic Status And Symptoms Of Anxiety And Depression In Pregnant Women, Meagan Mandabach
Honors Theses
Pregnancy is a period of great change in a woman’s body as her baby develops. During this period, women commonly experience symptoms of anxiety (Dennis et al., 2017) and depression (Shidhaye & Giri, 2014). Literature has suggested that socioeconomic status (SES) can contribute to the severity at which pregnant women experience anxiety and depression (Arora & Aeri, 2019; Field et al., 2008; Shagufta & Shams, 2019), and women of low socioeconomic status may be more likely to experience symptoms of anxiety and depression during pregnancy (Field et al., 2008). The present study aimed to assess the relationships between household income …