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Weak Floor Stability In The Illinois Basin Underground Coal Mines, Murali M. Gadde
Weak Floor Stability In The Illinois Basin Underground Coal Mines, Murali M. Gadde
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The research described in this dissertation is a direct consequence of the author's quest to find solutions to several problems he faced while designing optimum pillar layouts for some Illinois Basin coal mines over weak immediate floor strata. When using the existing methods of floor stability analysis, conclusions were sometimes drawn that were either not supported by real-world mining experience or in some cases even physically impossible results were obtained. Therefore, it was necessary to delve deeper into the existing methods and understand their limitations to arrive at alternatives that were consistent with practical observations. In improving upon the existing …
Immunity-Based Detection, Identification, And Evaluation Of Aircraft Sub-System Failures, Hever Y. Moncayo
Immunity-Based Detection, Identification, And Evaluation Of Aircraft Sub-System Failures, Hever Y. Moncayo
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis describes the design, development, and flight-simulation testing of an integrated Artificial Immune System (AIS) for detection, identification, and evaluation of a wide variety of sensor, actuator, propulsion, and structural failures/damages including the prediction of the achievable states and other limitations on performance and handling qualities. The AIS scheme achieves high detection rate and low number of false alarms for all the failure categories considered. Data collected using a motion-based flight simulator are used to define the self for an extended sub-region of the flight envelope. The NASA IFCS F-15 research aircraft model is used and represents a supersonic …
The Fearful Face And Beyond: Fmri Studies Of The Human Amygdala, Jillian E. Hardee
The Fearful Face And Beyond: Fmri Studies Of The Human Amygdala, Jillian E. Hardee
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The amygdala has been labeled as a "detector of threat", evidenced by its heightened response to fearful faces in human neuroimaging studies. A critical element of the fearful face is an increase in eye white area, hypothesized to be crucial for the rapid detection of fear in another's face. Yet other facial expressions can also increase eye white area in a manner that is similar (a lateral shift in gaze) or identical (surprise) to fear. It is unknown if the amygdala can differentiate between these types of increases in eye white area and those that are specifically associated with fear …
Locomotion Grows Up: The Neuromechanical Control Of Interlimb Coordinating Mechanisms In Crayfish, Marc D. Rinehart
Locomotion Grows Up: The Neuromechanical Control Of Interlimb Coordinating Mechanisms In Crayfish, Marc D. Rinehart
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Locomotion requires many dynamic interactions between organism and environment at several levels. It is not known how the nervous system controls all of these relationships to ultimately produce and guide locomotor behavior. Furthermore, it is not known whether the nervous system needs to recognize and control all of the possible body-environment interactions. In this study the crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is used as a model system to test how size influences locomotor behavior and how a single, simplified neuromechanical system can accommodate these changes.;A set of behavioral experiments was conducted to characterize kinematics of freely walking juvenile crayfish to compare with …
Lenna Lowe Yost, Temperance, And The Ratification Of The Woman Suffrage Amendment By West Virginia, Karina G. Thurston
Lenna Lowe Yost, Temperance, And The Ratification Of The Woman Suffrage Amendment By West Virginia, Karina G. Thurston
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis is a biography of West Virginia native Lenna Lowe Yost and her role in two important reform causes---temperance and woman suffrage. It explores Yost's life and political accomplishments in both regional and national venues, progressing from her childhood, through her early activism, and culminating with the passage of the national woman suffrage amendment. During the Progressive Era, as Yost reached the apex of her career as an indispensable state leader, she had to navigate between divisions in the suffrage movement as well as local conflicts between prohibitionists and suffragists. In these movements Lenna Yost proved herself to be …
Application And Evaluation Of Spiral Separators For Fine Coal Cleaning, Zhuping Che
Application And Evaluation Of Spiral Separators For Fine Coal Cleaning, Zhuping Che
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Eight buckets of wet coal samples were collected from Shade Coal Preparation Plant, including the feed, clean coal, refuse, and middlings for fine spiral and coarse spiral, respectively. Float-sink analysis was performed on these size intervals using LMT (Lithium Metatungstate) liquids. Size distribution analysis is conducted for each size fraction of the above eight samples to evaluation the effectiveness of spiral separation. Wet sieving method was used for size distribution analysis.;From the tests, the following conclusion can be drawn: (1) The fine spiral is able to recovery 65.5% of the deslime hydrocyclone underflow as clean coal with an ash content …
Effect Of Compaction Effort On Superpave Base Course Materials, Cornelius Adamah
Effect Of Compaction Effort On Superpave Base Course Materials, Cornelius Adamah
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
SuperPave mixes have performed well with in West Virginia, especially with respects to permanent deformation. Recent studies raise concerns with premature fatigue cracking and difficulty in compaction during construction. Two base course mixes were tested by lowering compaction effort from 100 gyrations to 80 gyrations for the 19mm mix and to 65 gyrations for the 37.5 mm mix and evaluating rutting potential with Asphalt Pavement Analyzer and Indirect Tension test. Only gyration level and binder percent were changed. Lower compaction effort resulted in an increased binder content. The 19mm mixes showed an increased rutting potential. However, investigation of the data …
Design Of A Test Stand For Alternate Fuel And Ignition Systems Testing, Patrick Wildfire
Design Of A Test Stand For Alternate Fuel And Ignition Systems Testing, Patrick Wildfire
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
There is a growing interest in improving engine versatility through the capacity to run on more than one fuel. To aid in this effort, ongoing research is being conducted to investigate a novel system using microwave plasma ignition designed with the goal of allowing spark ignited engines to run on multiple fuels. To accomplish the testing of this system, it was necessary to design and fabricate a test stand including an engine and instrumentation capable of measuring the performance of the ignition system within the environment of a running engine, and capable of testing this system on multiple fuels. It …
Improvement Of The Mine Fire Simulation Program Mfire, Lihong Zhou
Improvement Of The Mine Fire Simulation Program Mfire, Lihong Zhou
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Fire represents one of the most severe hazards to underground mines. A good understanding of the interaction between a mine fire and the mine ventilation network would be very crucial for fire emergency planning and hazard control. MFIRE, an underground mine fire simulation program developed in 1980's, is a tool that can be used to simulate the impacts of a mine fire event to a mine ventilation network. However, the lack of the abilities to simulate some of the important mine fire phenomena realistically hindered its wide applications. This research has been carried out to improve the MFIRE program. The …
Internal Valve Design And Response Analysis For A Circulation Control Augmented Vertical Axis Wind Turbine, Andrew J. Nawrocki
Internal Valve Design And Response Analysis For A Circulation Control Augmented Vertical Axis Wind Turbine, Andrew J. Nawrocki
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Circulation control is an established method for increasing lift on an airfoil-shaped body. Previous research has focused on the application of circulation control to fixed-wing aircraft as well as rotorcraft; ongoing research at the Center for Industrial Research Applications (CIRA) involves the application of circulation control to vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWT). Due to size and response time constraints, one of the key technical hurdles of this application that must be overcome is the valve mechanism for controlling the airflow out of the blowing slots. A valve design consisting of a slotted, sliding gate mated to a slotted, fixed surface within …
Organic Matter Processing And Opportunities For Stream Mitigation In An Intensively Mined West Virginia Watershed, Megan Stephanie Minter
Organic Matter Processing And Opportunities For Stream Mitigation In An Intensively Mined West Virginia Watershed, Megan Stephanie Minter
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Mountaintop removal/valley fill mining is a controversial process that may have far-reaching impacts on central Appalachian watersheds. Our project sought to quantify spatial and temporal variation in organic matter processing within Pigeon Creek, an intensively mined sub-watershed of the Tug Fork River in southern West Virginia. Our objectives were to: (1) quantify variation in organic matter retention and decomposition among streams differing in size (drainage area), gradient, and structural complexity; and (2) quantify the effect of valley fills on stream flow, water chemistry, organic matter processing, and benthic invertebrate colonization of detritus packs in 1 st order perennial streams. Our …
Facies Interpretation And Regional Stratigraphic Study Of The Upper Devonian Gordon Zone And Associated Beds In Northern West Virginia And Southwestern Pennsylvania, James H. Moore Iii
Facies Interpretation And Regional Stratigraphic Study Of The Upper Devonian Gordon Zone And Associated Beds In Northern West Virginia And Southwestern Pennsylvania, James H. Moore Iii
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Subsurface correlation of 250 well logs and isopach mapping of Upper Devonian beds across western Pennsylvania and northern West Virginia have been coupled with a core study in Washington County, Pennsylvania, to determine the nature and distribution of the Upper Devonian Gordon zone. The complete stratigraphic section studied includes the Fifth, Fourth, Gordon, Gordon Stray, Thirty Foot, Fifty Foot, and Gantz beds. Along with isopach maps, net sandstone maps were generated for improved characterization of sandstone geometry and facies distribution across the field area. Cross-sections including four west to east and one north to south were constructed to aid in …
Factors Associated With International Students' Motivations To Study At West Virginia University, Abimbola Akintounde
Factors Associated With International Students' Motivations To Study At West Virginia University, Abimbola Akintounde
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Increasing international student enrollments requires an understanding of international students' motivations for studying abroad. This study sought to identify the factors associated with international students' motivation to study in the United States and particularly at West Virginia University. An internet survey was sent via email to all 1183 international students enrolled at WVU in spring of 2009. A 29.4% response rate (344 students) was achieved. Based on an analysis of responses received, respondents' top motivations for studying at WVU included the United States' reputation for high quality teaching, respect for United States degrees abroad, the global perspective the United States …
An Experimental Analysis Of Jackpotting, Toshikazu Kuroda
An Experimental Analysis Of Jackpotting, Toshikazu Kuroda
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This experiment assessed effects of jackpotting, defined as the delivery of a larger than usual reinforcer, on responding of pigeons maintained by fixed-interval (FI) schedules. In baseline conditions, reinforcer duration was 1-s and all such reinforcers were delivered from the hopper located on the main work panel. During jackpot conditions, a 1-s reinforcer occasionally was replaced by a 7-s reinforcer (jackpot) delivered from a second hopper located at the rear of the chamber. Sham jackpot conditions also were studied. These sham conditions were identical to the jackpot conditions with one exception: A 1-s, instead of 7-s, reinforcer was delivered from …
Size Dependent Magnetic Properties Of Nickel Nanoparticles Embedded In Silica Matrix, Vivek Singh
Size Dependent Magnetic Properties Of Nickel Nanoparticles Embedded In Silica Matrix, Vivek Singh
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In this dissertation, synthesis, structural and magnetic properties of nickel (Ni) nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in amorphous silica matrix are described in detail. These Ni NPs were prepared using the sol-gel technique. The percent composition of x-Ni/SiO2 was varied from 1, 5 and 15%. Further, the samples were annealed in a furnace at temperatures between 400° to 800°C for the duration of 2 hours in a continuous flow of ultra high pure (UHP) nitrogen in order to obtain different particle sizes ranging from 3.8 to 23 nm for the 15% Ni/SiO 2 composition.;Structural characterization of the Ni NPs was done using …
Design Of Reinforced Concrete Seals For Underground Coal Mines, Rajagopala Reddy Kallu
Design Of Reinforced Concrete Seals For Underground Coal Mines, Rajagopala Reddy Kallu
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The conventional 'full-scale' explosion test for seal evaluation is expensive and time consuming. Therefore, alternative methodologies must be developed for the design of mine seals to meet the new MSHA design standards. This dissertation employed advanced explicit finite element code, ABAQUS, to develop reinforced concrete (RC) seal models for addressing various design parameters related to the RC seal design.;Firstly, using back analysis of structural data available from NIOSH full-scale explosion tests on RC seals, a suitable RC seal model was developed with a proper concrete constitutive material. Secondly, the optimum rebar parameters such as rebar diameter, and vertical and horizontal …
Levels Of Lateral Flange Bending In Straight, Skewed And Curved Steel I -Girder Bridges During Deck Placement, Nohemy Y. Galindez
Levels Of Lateral Flange Bending In Straight, Skewed And Curved Steel I -Girder Bridges During Deck Placement, Nohemy Y. Galindez
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Exterior steel I-girders are required to withstand deck overhang loads during construction. This is partially accomplished by checking the flexural limit states for constructibility given by AASHTO. These limit states ensure that the maximum flange bending stresses produced during construction do not exceed the section flexural capacity of the girder.;For constructibility design, both the bending stresses and the flexural capacity of the flanges are affected by the loads corresponding to the deck placement sequence. Therefore, stiffness changes need to be considered during the various casting stages to compute the corresponding flange bending stresses and capacities. The specifications take into account …
Treefall Gap Characteristics Within An Appalachian Hardwood Forest In West Virginia: Influences Of Topographic Position And Forest Type, Jamie Marie Himes
Treefall Gap Characteristics Within An Appalachian Hardwood Forest In West Virginia: Influences Of Topographic Position And Forest Type, Jamie Marie Himes
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
We examined the attributes of canopy gaps on the 3,100 ha West Virginia University Research Forest (WVURF) near Morgantown, WV. The WVURF is a 70-80 year-old, second-growth, Appalachian hardwood forest. The objectives of this study were: (1) to describe specific gap characteristics (size, age, and fraction) of the forest as a whole, and (2) to assess whether gap characteristics varied by slope position (cove, mid, ridge), aspect (NE, NW, SE, SW), and forest cover type (cove hardwood, mesic oak, xeric oak).;Transect lines were digitized using GIS in ArcMap and systematically placed throughout the forest to include a range of aspects …
Rapid Characterization Of Biomass: The Use Of Near Infrared And Fluorescence Spectroscopy As Process Analytical Technology (Pat) Method, Kofi Nkansah
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The heterogeneous property of biomass (wood) affects its potential of being converted into any form of fuel in different ways (both positive and negative effects). Therefore in other to efficiently utilized biomass as a raw material for conversion into any form of clean alternative fuel to displace some of the fossil fuel we consume in the United State on a commercial scale basis, a quick, robust, non destructive on/in/at-line method of characterizing the physical and chemical properties of biomass that are relevant to the bio-refinery industry is imperative.;This study discusses the potential of using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and fluorescence …
An Interpretive Inquiry Of The Case Law Of Teacher Evaluation In The Southern Regional Education Board States: Forecasting Pressing Problems, Kathy S. Kidder-Wilkerson
An Interpretive Inquiry Of The Case Law Of Teacher Evaluation In The Southern Regional Education Board States: Forecasting Pressing Problems, Kathy S. Kidder-Wilkerson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to analyze case law related to teacher evaluation between 1980 and 2008 in the SREB states to determine the problems associated with teacher evaluation and if these problems were documented in the literature. Content analysis of teacher dismissal cases revealed many types of teacher evaluation problems. The two most frequent were in the categories of process and data. Problems revealed in case law provide evidence that teacher evaluation is a problematic practice and may be prevented from achieving its accountability goal. Since not all problems that were identified in case law were revealed in …
Perceptions Of Ethical Practices In Youth Livestock Shows, Sharon J. Ankrom
Perceptions Of Ethical Practices In Youth Livestock Shows, Sharon J. Ankrom
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study was designed to evaluate the perceptions of 4-H and FFA youth and their parents of the ethical nature of practices used in livestock shows. A questionnaire was designed to determine the ethical perceptions of 23 commonly used livestock practices. A purposeful population consisted of 4-H and FFA livestock exhibitors from Pennsylvania and West Virginia. A total of 109 youth and 67 adults were included in the survey. Overall the population perceived the 23 practices unethical. This study found significant differences existed between whether or not participants attended an ethics training course, gender and age. Participants that attended and …
Verbal Time Estimation In Clutterers And Non-Clutterers, Emily O. Garnett
Verbal Time Estimation In Clutterers And Non-Clutterers, Emily O. Garnett
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Research has suggested that people with fluency disorders, i.e., individuals who stutter, have difficulty with time estimation. A sub-group of fluency disorders are persons who clutter, whose speech is characterized by a rapid and/or irregular rate of speech that is accompanied by excessive disfluencies, abnormally placed pauses, and/or excessive coarticulation. One frequently reported symptom of cluttering is a lack of awareness of one's own cluttering, which may be related to rate deviations. It is possible that persons who clutter may also lack the awareness of the amount of time required to say something, and thus, demonstrate difficulty estimating the amount …
Habitat Selection And Predation Risk In Larval Lampreys, Dustin M. Smith
Habitat Selection And Predation Risk In Larval Lampreys, Dustin M. Smith
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis examines habitat preference and the influence of habitat on predation of larvae (ammocoetes) of the least brook lamprey (Lampetra aepyptera). The thesis comprises three chapters: (1) an introduction and literature review on the general life history of lampreys and on studies related to ammocoetes and their habitat, (2) an experimental study of habitat preference in ammocoetes of the least brook lamprey, and (3) an experimental study of the relationship between habitat availability and predation risk in ammocoetes. For the first study, we quantified substrate selection in small (< 50 mm) and large (100-150 mm) ammocoetes of the least brook lamprey. In aquaria, ammocoetes were given a choice to burrow into six equally-available substrate types: small gravel (2.36-4.75 mm), coarse sand (0.5-1.4 mm), fine sand (0.125-0.5 mm), organic debris (approximately 70% decomposing leaves and stems, 15% silt, and 15% sand), an even mixture of silt, clay, and fine sand, and silt/clay (< 0.063 mm). Fine sand was selected with a significantly higher probability than any other substrate. In the second study, we experimentally examined the influence of habitat availability on predation risk of ammocoetes. Ammocoetes were placed in aquaria containing a predator species (yellow bullhead, Ameiurus natalis) and one of 3 substrates: fine sand (0.125-0.5 mm), coarse sand (0.5-1.4 mm), or silt/clay (<0.063 mm). Use of the three substrate types was based on a previous experiment where fine sand was determined to be the preferred benthic habitat of least brook lamprey. Based on 10 trials with each habitat type, survival of ammocoetes was highest in aquaria with fine sand (mean = 80%), and lower in those with coarse sand (mean = 58%) and silt/clay (mean = 4%). The results of both studies conducted indicate that populations of least brook lamprey ammocoetes may be limited by the availability of fine sand habitat. The first study indicated that least brook lamprey ammocoetes are habitat specialists, preferring substrates composed primarily of fine sand. The second study showed that the availability of fine sand habitat may influence the predation risk of ammocoetes, as ammocoete survival from predation was highest in fine sand, and lower in other substrates.
Mechanisms Of Iron Reduction And Phosphorus Solubilization In An Intermittently Wet Pasture Soil, Jared L. Wilmoth
Mechanisms Of Iron Reduction And Phosphorus Solubilization In An Intermittently Wet Pasture Soil, Jared L. Wilmoth
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Microbial Fe-reduction in pasture soils may be of agronomic importance, because it has been shown to influence P cycling. The present study investigated the behavior of Fe and P in an intermittently wet, Appalachian pasture soil during a 42 day anaerobic incubation. Native humic acid (HA) extracted from the sampling location and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonic acid (AQDS) were used in the experiment to determine their electron-mediating effects on Fe(III) reduction and P solubilization over time. Extracted HA and the International Humic Substance Society (IHSS) Elliott Soil HA standard were compared using 13C-NMR, FT-IR, SEM, and CHNS analysis. Soil samples treated with 1.24 …
Acoustic Plethysmograph For Measuring Pulmonary Function In Mice, Jeffrey S. Reynolds
Acoustic Plethysmograph For Measuring Pulmonary Function In Mice, Jeffrey S. Reynolds
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The traditional whole body plethysmograph (WBP) relies on pressure changes induced by a freely respiring animal inside a chamber. This pressure is a combination of a thermo-hygrometric effect (proportional to tidal volume) and a gas compression effect (related to lung mechanics). In order to measure either tidal volume or lung mechanics, it must be assumed that the other component is negligible. In this research, an acoustic WBP was developed that is capable of measuring the thoracic volume change of a mouse independent of the thermohygrometric effect. This allows independent measurement of tidal volume and specific airway resistance.;In the first phase …
Transient Flow Characteristics Of A High Speed Rotary Valve, Patrick H. Browning
Transient Flow Characteristics Of A High Speed Rotary Valve, Patrick H. Browning
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Pressing economic and environmental concerns related to the performance of fossil fuel burning internal combustion engines have revitalized research in more efficient, cleaner burning combustion methods such as homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI). Although many variations of such engines now exist, several limiting factors have restrained the full potential of HCCI. A new method patented by West Virginia University (WVU) called Compression Ignition by Air Injection (CIBAI) may help broaden the range of effective HCCI operation. The CIBAI process is ideally facilitated by operating two synchronized piston-cylinders mounted head-to-head with one of the cylinders filled with a homogeneous mixture of …
Creep Rupture And Life Prediction Of Polymer Composites, Saurabh Batra
Creep Rupture And Life Prediction Of Polymer Composites, Saurabh Batra
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Lack of long term performance data inhibits the widespread use of composites. The long-term response/performance of composite materials and structures exposed under service conditions (load, time, temperature, water, and others) must be established. Creep response under sustained load results in rupture but the time to rupture depends on environmental conditions. Creep rupture tests at higher fractions of ultimate failure load are often used to determine the time necessary to produce failure. Creep data are generated first in terms of deformation/strain versus time up to rupture for each test under a fraction of rupture load at a given temperature. Then the …
Stay Or Leave? The Effects Of Communicative Infidelity On Relationship Outcomes, Colleen C. Malachowski
Stay Or Leave? The Effects Of Communicative Infidelity On Relationship Outcomes, Colleen C. Malachowski
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of communicative infidelity (CI) motives on relationship outcomes. CI motives include jealousy, vengefulness, sexual self-esteem, sexual depression, and sexual preoccupation, while outcomes included forgiveness, reparation, voice, exit, loyalty, and neglect responses. Additionally, this study tested the relationship of commitment and satisfaction to relational outcomes. Participants were 215 undergraduate students currently involved in a romantic relationship. Participants were instructed to answer questions measuring their commitment and satisfaction levels, as well as read and respond to a CI scenario. Results indicated that commitment is positively related to voice responses and negatively related …
The Dating Game: Cultivation Effects On Relational Investment, Thomas L. Meade
The Dating Game: Cultivation Effects On Relational Investment, Thomas L. Meade
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study investigated the relationship between high exposure to reality television dating shows (Rock of Love, The Bachelorette, etc) and higher perceptions of alternatives to a current romantic relationship as explained by Cultivation Theory (Gerbner & Gross, 1973) and the Investment Model (Rusbult, 1980). This study employs interpersonal communication strategies to study media effects. Surveys were collected from 273 students at a large university. Results indicate higher exposure to reality television dating shows may cultivate a higher perception of alternatives to a current romantic relationship, however do not cultivate a belief that one's partner believes themselves to have a high …
Primary Caregivers' Values Of Play And Creativity In Early Childhood In Relation To Children's Academic Self-Esteem, Jill M. Martino
Primary Caregivers' Values Of Play And Creativity In Early Childhood In Relation To Children's Academic Self-Esteem, Jill M. Martino
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
There is currently a trend to push academics due to laws such as the No Child Left Behind Act (2001) which holds schools accountable for academic learning. Play and creativity are being eliminated in early childhood even though theorists state the value of these elements in the overall development of young children. The purpose of the study was to examine the primary caregivers' values of play and creativity in early childhood and their child's academic self-esteem. Primary caregivers recruited from a university preschool completed the Parent's As A Teacher Inventory (PAAT) and the teachers of the school rated the children …