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Articles 6901 - 6930 of 11969
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Evaluation Of Industrial Promoted Agroforestry In Andhra Pradesh And Madhya Pradesh, India, Brian D. Mcdonald
Evaluation Of Industrial Promoted Agroforestry In Andhra Pradesh And Madhya Pradesh, India, Brian D. Mcdonald
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In many parts of the world, pulp and paper companies are becoming heavily dependent on private agroforestry schemes. With growing demand for wood fiber and limited commercial land to grow it on, the forest industry is continually turning to private farmers and individuals to contract timber. In order to alleviate this problem, many companies have turned to out-grower schemes to supply wood to the mills. Local farmers now have the opportunity to benefit from company extension and supplies, and in return, the company can guarantee its supply of raw materials.;A recent trend in agriculture is adding trees to farmers? traditional …
Interleukin (Il)-1 Regulates Ozone-Induced Nerve Growth Factor (Ngf) And Substance P (Sp) Release In Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (Balf) In Mice, Joshua S. Barker
Interleukin (Il)-1 Regulates Ozone-Induced Nerve Growth Factor (Ngf) And Substance P (Sp) Release In Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (Balf) In Mice, Joshua S. Barker
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Previous studies show that both IL-1 and NGF increase synthesis of SP in airway neurons after either direct application or ozone exposure. We hypothesize that NGF mediates ozone-induced IL-1 effects on SP, similar to the pathway described for sympathetic neurons in culture. The current study specifically focuses on the effect of ozone on IL-1, NGF, and SP levels in mice BALF and if these mediators can be linked in an inflammatory-neuronal cascade in vivo. The experiments demonstrate in vivo ozone exposure induces an increase of all three proteins in mouse BALF and that both ozone-induced increases in NGF and SP …
Characterization Of A Soil Bacterial Community And Biphenyl Dioxygenase Genes Involved In The Degradation Of Individual Polychlorinated Biphenyl Congeners, Paola Correa
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread, toxic, and persistent contaminants that threaten the environment and human health. PCBs represent a class of 209 congeners characterized by different degree of chlorination and substitution patterns. PCBs are known to be slowly degraded by the activity of soil microbes.;The general objective of this research was to investigate the effect of individual PCB congeners on the bacterial community and aerobic metabolism of PCBs in soil, for this reason three specific aims were pursuit.;The first specific aim was to test the hypothesis that exposure to individual PCB congeners results in different soil microbial community profiles, as …
Mining And Residential Development Interact To Produce Highly Impaired Stream Conditions In An Intensively Mined Appalachian Watershed, Eric Richard Merriam
Mining And Residential Development Interact To Produce Highly Impaired Stream Conditions In An Intensively Mined Appalachian Watershed, Eric Richard Merriam
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Large scale surface mining in southern West Virginia causes significant alteration of headwater stream networks. It is unclear, however, the extent to which mining interacts with other stressors to determine physical, chemical, and biological conditions in aquatic systems downstream. Through a watershed scale assessment of Pigeon Creek, the specific objectives of this study were to: (1) quantify the direct and interactive effects of mining and residential development on in-stream conditions; and (2) identify landscape thresholds above which biological impairment occurs. Our results indicate high levels of impairment to habitat, water quality, and benthic invertebrate communities within this watershed. Statistical analyses …
Cloning And Characterization Of A Novel Oocyte-Specific Gene Fbos Encoding An F-Box Protein In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Lei Wang
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Oocyte-specific genes play critical roles in oogenesis, folliculogenesis and early embryonic development. Through analysis of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from a rainbow trout oocyte cDNA library, we identified a novel transcript which is represented by multiple ESTs derived only from the oocyte cDNA library. Analysis of tissue distribution of the novel Fbos gene by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the novel gene is only expressed in unfertilized oocytes but not in 10 somatic tissues examined. Northern blot analysis showed the transcript size is approximately 2.1 kb. The full-length cDNA sequence for the novel gene Fbos was obtained by …
Development Of 1,2,3-Triazole-Borane Complex As Effective Reagent For Aldehyde/Ketone Reductive Amination, Wenyan Liao
Development Of 1,2,3-Triazole-Borane Complex As Effective Reagent For Aldehyde/Ketone Reductive Amination, Wenyan Liao
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Air, moisture and thermally stable 1,2,3-triazole-boranes were successfully prepared and applied as reductants in aldehyde/ketone reductive amination with high efficiency and excellent substrate diversity. Detailed studies regarding to the reaction mechanism and application of this new reagent for other important transformations are currently under investigation in our group.
Home Range Characteristics Of The Male Eastern Wild Turkey In West Virginia, Steven E. Rauch
Home Range Characteristics Of The Male Eastern Wild Turkey In West Virginia, Steven E. Rauch
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Extensive research has been conducted on the eastern wild turkey ( Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) in West Virginia, but research on male wild turkey home range characteristics is lacking. To address this, I proposed to quantify home range shape by the use of eccentricity (E: circle is E = 1) and to estimate the least-squares cross validation fixed-kernel 95% and 50% utilization distribution (UD) annual and 95% UD seasonal home range as well as minimum convex polygon (MCP) home range estimate of male wild turkey on 2 study areas in West Virginia. I estimated the home range size of adult and …
Chemical And Physical Properties Of Abandoned Underground Coal Mine Pools, Eric F. Perry
Chemical And Physical Properties Of Abandoned Underground Coal Mine Pools, Eric F. Perry
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Long term drainage quality of five closed underground coal mines in West Virginia and Pennsylvania was investigated for mineral reactions, chemical processes, and hydrogeologic controls. Three mines were flooded and had circumneutral water with dissolved iron and sulfate. Two unflooded mines had acidic water with high concentrations of iron, aluminum and sulfate. The monitoring record ranged from 12 to 35 years for the five mine-pools.;The two acidic mine-pools had large long term declines in chemical concentration and flux. Both mine-pools approached equilibrium for hydrous iron sulfate minerals of the jarosite series. One mine-pool also exhibited equilibrium for the hydrous aluminum …
The Role Of Urban Forests In Sustainable Tourism Development: A Case Study Of Savannah, Ga, Stacy L. Casinelli
The Role Of Urban Forests In Sustainable Tourism Development: A Case Study Of Savannah, Ga, Stacy L. Casinelli
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to identify a range of stakeholder (tourism providers, resource managers, elected officials, tour operators and tourists) perceptions, issues and concerns of Savannah, Georgia's, urban forests to help develop opportunities for the growing sustainable tourism industry. Stakeholder interviews were conducted using an open ended, semi-structured questionnaire. Based on the three dimensions and the scope of sustainable development, the themes, trends and patterns that emerged were utilized to assess the current issues facing Savannah's urban forest. Through content data analysis, four overarching themes surfaced: development, preservation, balance, and diversity. The results of this study indicate a …
A Process Examination Of The Framing Effect In Younger And Older Adult Medical Decision Making, Erin L. Woodhead
A Process Examination Of The Framing Effect In Younger And Older Adult Medical Decision Making, Erin L. Woodhead
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Older and younger adults are susceptible to a decisional bias when faced with medical decisions, which results in different treatment decisions when presented with survival or mortality data. Although this bias, termed the framing effect, has been demonstrated in multiple studies, no published studies have attempted to determine the decisional process older and younger adults engage in when presented with different information frames. The current study used a think-aloud procedure to examine decisional process differences in younger and older adults who did and did not demonstrate a framing effect. All participants were presented with two data formats (interval and cumulative …
Capturing The Essence And The Coalescence Of Presence Within The Community Of Inquiry Of An Online Graduate Course In Multicultural Diversity, Katherina C. Muller
Capturing The Essence And The Coalescence Of Presence Within The Community Of Inquiry Of An Online Graduate Course In Multicultural Diversity, Katherina C. Muller
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In this study, students who are preservice and inservice teachers participated in an asynchronous online graduate course in multicultural diversity during the fall of 2008. Their emails, threaded discussions, cross-cultural community interactions, and final reflections were examined and analyzed revealing their perceptions of their experiences in this course. The main relevance of the study was to provide insight and new understandings of learning online.;The Community of Inquiry provided the framework within which these insights and understandings were drawn. Four archived course components were analyzed: emails, threaded discussions, cross-cultural community interactions, and final reflections. A coalescence of presence was found throughout. …
Examination Of The Use Of Assessment By Accredited Business Schools, Tracie M. Dodson
Examination Of The Use Of Assessment By Accredited Business Schools, Tracie M. Dodson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Assessment and accreditation are common topics in the literature of higher education. These two practices can impact an institution's ability to produce high quality students, graduates, and general success as an institution. Outcomes assessment is a method of measuring student learning as a result of the educational process. Accreditation seeks to provide external validation of the quality of a program and ensure that the public and other external constituents are aware of, and can depend on, a certain standard quality level.;In academic business units, there are three accreditation agencies. These organizations include the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business …
Properties Of A Dehydroalanine Analog Of Glutathione: A Reactive Electrophilic Busulfan Metabolite, Cody J. Peer
Properties Of A Dehydroalanine Analog Of Glutathione: A Reactive Electrophilic Busulfan Metabolite, Cody J. Peer
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Gamma-Glutamyldehydroalanylglycine (EdAG) is a dethiolated, electrophilic metabolite of glutathione (GSH) derived from the Phase II conjugation of GSH with busulfan catalyzed by glutathione S-transferase (GST). It was demonstrated in this dissertation that EdAG could be successfully synthesized and shown to be a metabolite of busulfan from in vitro metabolism by enzymes in human liver cytosol. The electrophilic EdAG was reactive toward the cellular thiols cysteine and glutathione (GSH), and toward cysteine residues in reduced bovine insulin B-chain and bovine serum albumin in vitro , as well. EdAG was demonstrated to be a reversible noncompetitive inhibitor of GSTs, specifically GSTA1-1 at …
Stock Returns, Risk Factor Loadings, And Model Predictions: A Test Of The Capm And The Fama -French 3 -Factor Model, Daniel Suh
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This paper presents the results of time-series tests of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and the Fama-French 3-factor (FF3) model in the estimation of equity capital from a perspective of corporate investment decision-making. This paper addresses Fama-French (1992, "The Cross-section of Expected Stock Returns," Journal of Finance) who find that the CAPM beta has little explanatory power in cross-sectional tests of the Fama-French portfolios sorted on market capitalization and book-to-market ratios.;The main tests of this paper are (1) the equivalence of the predicted stock risk premia of the CAPM and the FF3 model, or how significantly the two model-predicted …
Interaction Of Nickel-Based Sofc Anodes With Trace Contaminants From Coal-Derived Synthesis Gas, Gregory Allen Hackett
Interaction Of Nickel-Based Sofc Anodes With Trace Contaminants From Coal-Derived Synthesis Gas, Gregory Allen Hackett
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
New and efficient methods of producing electrical energy from natural resources have become an important topic for researchers. Integrated gasification and fuel cell (IGFC) systems offer a fuel-flexible, high-efficiency method of energy generation. Specifically, in coal gasification processes, coal can be changed into a high-quality gaseous fuel suitable for feeding solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). However, trace species found in coal synthesis gas (syngas) may have a deleterious effect on the performance of nickel-based SOFC anodes. Generally, the cost of removing these species down to parts per million (ppm) levels is high.;The purpose of this research is to determine the …
(Re)Construct: Exploring Objecthood In A Digital Age, Patrick L. Jones
(Re)Construct: Exploring Objecthood In A Digital Age, Patrick L. Jones
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The following paper describes the conceptual framework and several works in the exhibition: "(re)construct: exploring objecthood in a digital age," which was on view at the Laura Mesaros Gallery at the College of Creative Arts, West Virginia University. The exhibition ran from November 30th through December 11th, 2009. The exhibition consisted of both oil paintings on clear acrylic and ink jet photographs. The question which this paper and the exhibition attempts to address is: what are the ontology and the limits of hyperreality in contemporary society? The following paper and the exhibition is epistemologically based and asks the following questions: …
The Evaluation Of A Nutrition Education And Fitness Program With A Contest Component Among College Students Using The Re-Aim Framework, Michelle L. Bartlett
The Evaluation Of A Nutrition Education And Fitness Program With A Contest Component Among College Students Using The Re-Aim Framework, Michelle L. Bartlett
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Only recently have practitioners and researchers targeted the population of college students in studying interventions aimed at increasing health behaviors. There is evidence that a proportion of college students are making attempts on their own to remedy weight gain and poor physical fitness with little or no guidance, which is reflected in consistently rising obesity rates in this population. Thus, the need for organized and effective interventions is illustrated. The impact of an intervention can be determined through evaluation research. Although the RE-AIM model has not yet been used to evaluate single-site, university-sponsored, college-student weight-loss/fitness programs, it provided a useful …
Factors Associated With Treatment Acceptance And Compliance Among Incarcerated Male Sex Offenders, Carl B. Clegg
Factors Associated With Treatment Acceptance And Compliance Among Incarcerated Male Sex Offenders, Carl B. Clegg
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The present study examined factors associated with acceptance and completion of treatment among incarcerated male sex offenders. The files of 156 sex offenders who had been offered treatment at a medium-security state prison were reviewed. Participants were divided into three groups: those who refused treatment from the outset (n = 59); those who began treatment, but later dropped-out or were expelled due to non-compliance ( n = 61); and those who completed treatment or were in an advanced stage of treatment and had never been non-compliant (n = 36). Data were collected for the following variables: age, education, race, marital …
Population Ecology, Residents' Attitudes, Hunter Success, Economic Impact, Modeling Management Options And Retention Time Of Telazol Of West Virginia Black Bears, Christopher W. Ryan
Population Ecology, Residents' Attitudes, Hunter Success, Economic Impact, Modeling Management Options And Retention Time Of Telazol Of West Virginia Black Bears, Christopher W. Ryan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The West Virginia Black Bear Research Project (WVBBRP) was initiated in 1972 to investigate population parameters, growth rates, home ranges, and habitat uses of a declining American black bear (Ursus americanus ) population. The West Virginia Division of Natural Resources (WVDNR) continued to monitor the black bear population and increased monitoring efforts and sample sizes in the 1990's as the black bear population increased in size and expanded its range. As part of the WVBBRP, we investigated black bear population ecology. Our objectives were to estimate reproductive rates, estimate survival and cause-specific mortality rates, examine effects of special hunting seasons …
Historical Response Rates, Reinforcement Context, And Behavioral Persistence, Chata A. Dickson
Historical Response Rates, Reinforcement Context, And Behavioral Persistence, Chata A. Dickson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In several studies, historically lower-rate responding has been found to be more persistent than historically higher-rate responding (e.g., Lattal, 1989; Nevin, 1974). In these studies, historical response-rate differences were generated by reinforcement schedules (e.g., fixed-ratio [FR] and differential-reinforcement-of-low-rates-of-responding [DRL]) that directly affect response rate. The current study was conducted with pigeons pecking keys to determine whether this finding would hold when response-rate differences were generated by the context of reinforcement, such as a concurrently available source of reinforcement or schedule of response-independent food. In each of 3 experiments, a history-building condition was followed by a history-testing condition. In Experiment 1, …
Post-Transcriptional Regulation Of Rpos And Hema In Salmonella, Amy Madeline Jones
Post-Transcriptional Regulation Of Rpos And Hema In Salmonella, Amy Madeline Jones
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The first part of this thesis is dedicated to translational regulation of rpoS mRNA by the small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs), DsrA and RprA, in two closely related enteric bacteria, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. The rpoS gene encodes a second vegetative sigma factor for RNA polymerase, which directs the cell's transcriptional response to general stress and entry into stationary phase. The rpoS gene is highly conserved among the gamma-branch of proteobacteria, and sRNAs are highly conserved in related species. In fact, sequence conservation is thought to have predictive value in sRNA discovery and functional conservation is largely assumed. …
Mechanism By Which Dietary Polyunsaturated Fat Regulates Lipogenic Gene Expression, Alison Bloom Kohan
Mechanism By Which Dietary Polyunsaturated Fat Regulates Lipogenic Gene Expression, Alison Bloom Kohan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Primary hepatocytes treated with non-esterified polyunsaturated fatty acids have been used as a model for describing the inhibitory effects of dietary polyunsaturated fats on lipogenic gene expression. This model resembles starvation or uncontrolled diabetes but not dietary fat ingestion, which is delivered to liver via chylomicron remnants. Chylomicron remnants enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids stimulate a unique pattern of intracellular signaling. These remnants enhance p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity but do not inhibit insulin signaling or induce extracellular-signal related kinase (ERK) or AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation as do non-esterified polyunsaturated fatty acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids-enriched remnants and …
Determination Of Mixed Hydrate Thermodynamics For Reservoir Modeling, Nagasree Garapati
Determination Of Mixed Hydrate Thermodynamics For Reservoir Modeling, Nagasree Garapati
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Natural gas hydrates are likely to contain more carbon than in all other fossil fuel reserves combined worldwide. Most of the natural gas hydrate deposits contain CH4 along with other hydrocarbon gases like C2H 6, C3H8 and non-hydrocarbon gases like CO 2 and H2S. Thus, if CH4 stored in natural gas hydrates can be recovered, the hydrates would potentially become a clean energy resource for the next 10,000 years. The production of CH4 from natural gas hydrate reservoirs has been predicted by reservoir simulators that implement phase equilibria data to predict various production scenarios. Therefore, it is very important to …
Significance Of Design Context And Rationale In Long Term Retention Of Data, Samrat Sarovar
Significance Of Design Context And Rationale In Long Term Retention Of Data, Samrat Sarovar
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Mechanical Engineering Design is said to be both; science and art. In the process of designing mechanical systems or components, decisions are typically made to conceptualize, synthesize, and ultimately define the final configuration of a mechanical system or component, through an iterative process that involves design, analysis, performance assessment and experimental validation tasks. In the process, a plethora of engineering methods, analytical tools and technical data are used to yield a final design. Typically, the final design is documented, but in most cases, much (if not all) rationale that led to the final configuration is left undocumented and eventually lost. …
Computational Environment For The Development Of An Faa Compliant Level 6 Flight Training Device, Steven Mullins
Computational Environment For The Development Of An Faa Compliant Level 6 Flight Training Device, Steven Mullins
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A flight simulator can successfully achieve its purpose only if equipped with adequate mathematical models of the aircraft, its sub-systems, and the environment. The US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has instituted stringent regulations to ensure that flight simulators used for pilot training reach desirable levels of accuracy and fidelity. The purpose of this thesis is to present the development and application of a design strategy and the computational environment associated to it for building an aircraft simulation model that meets the FAA regulations for flight simulator performance. The proposed methodology is based on using flight test data in combination with …
Implementing Energy Release Rate Calculations Into The Lamodel Program, Morgan M. Sears
Implementing Energy Release Rate Calculations Into The Lamodel Program, Morgan M. Sears
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Mining activity at increasingly greater depths and the tragedy at Crandall Canyon that claimed the lives of nine miners have forced coal bump research to the forefront of mining engineering research. Near the end of the last century, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the former U.S. Bureau of Mines investigated the mechanics, conditions, and mitigation of coal bumps. Unfortunately, the exact mechanics of coal bumps is still not fully understood. Following this period, research into coal bumps in the United States has been limited.;The Energy Release Rate (ERR) calculation quantifies the dissipation ("release") of the …
Aerodynamic Design Of A Tilting Wind Tunnel For The Study Of A Glider In Ground Effect, Andres Felipe Velasquez E.
Aerodynamic Design Of A Tilting Wind Tunnel For The Study Of A Glider In Ground Effect, Andres Felipe Velasquez E.
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A small, low-speed, open return, tilting wind tunnel has been designed. This wind tunnel is intended to simulate the behavior of an unpowered recreational glider that flies down slopes in ground effect at about 1m above the surface. The required tilting angle is 50°. The wind tunnel has to be capable of holding free-flying models with a recommended scaling factor of 14.2 and with Froude number matching.;The designed wind tunnel uses a centrifugal fan to blow air into the test section through a wide angle diffuser, a settling chamber and a contraction. There are six screens and a honeycomb to …
Stability Of Carbon Dioxide And Methane Hydrates In Water In Presence Of Small Driving Forces Using Md Simulations, Venkata S. Vedam
Stability Of Carbon Dioxide And Methane Hydrates In Water In Presence Of Small Driving Forces Using Md Simulations, Venkata S. Vedam
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Gas hydrates are a potential source of energy as a large fraction of natural gas worldwide is stored in the form of gas hydrates. Methane hydrates are widely distributed in sediments along the continental margins and contain more energy than all other fossil fuel reserves in the world. However, methane is also a potential greenhouse gas which could play a major role in global climate change. Accurately characterizing the stability of methane and CO 2 hydrates in water can help us understand their effects on earth's environment and also the feasibility of long term CO2 sequestration in the sediments under …
Preparing Medical Students To Counsel For Smoking Cessation, Aubree M. Guiffre
Preparing Medical Students To Counsel For Smoking Cessation, Aubree M. Guiffre
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Smoking is a national epidemic. Medical providers are the first line of defense to help patients reduce or stop smoking. However, smoking cessation counseling does not occur consistently or regularly. Medical providers must be trained to counsel for smoking cessation, with certain areas requiring attention in order for the training to be successful. There is a relationship between medical students who have high rates of self-efficacy related to smoking cessation counseling and high rates of actual counseling. Understanding the relationships between knowledge, skills, attitudes, and the medical school year in training on self-efficacy is important to better prepare medical students …
Optimization Of A Retrofit Urea-Scr System, Clinton R. Bedick
Optimization Of A Retrofit Urea-Scr System, Clinton R. Bedick
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions from legacy diesel engines are often many times over currently mandated standards, contributing significantly to degradation of air quality and negative environmental impact. A retrofit urea-SCR (selective catalytic reduction) aftertreatment system offers a viable solution for reducing NOx emissions from older diesel engines. A stand-alone retrofit urea-SCR aftertreatment system was previously developed by West Virignia University (WVU) engineers, implementing a pre-SCR NOx sensor, open-loop feed-forward control, and stoichiometric NOx reduction logic. During experimental testing at WVU, the urea-SCR system demonstrated NOx reductions of 2% to 53%, depending on the test cycle. In order to optimize …