Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
File Type

Articles 11461 - 11490 of 11863

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Modeling The Supply Response Of Energy Resources: The Case Of Non-Associated Natural Gas In West Virginia., Omowunmi Odemyi Iledare Jan 1990

Modeling The Supply Response Of Energy Resources: The Case Of Non-Associated Natural Gas In West Virginia., Omowunmi Odemyi Iledare

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this study, we have attempted to conduct an economic and policy analysis of the West Virginia natural gas producing industry. The research concentrated on industry activities, objectives and outcomes in the post-NGPA era. The primary goal was to determine the role of economic and market conditions on natural gas supply. First, the structure, conduct and performance of the West Virginia gas producing industry were examined with respect to key features of market structure--concentration, vertical and horizontal integration and barriers to entry. Second, a West Virginia gas supply (WVGAS) model based on the assumption of a price-taker industry was constructed. …

Go to article

Development Of A Resistivity Method To Detect Underground Mined Openings., Fazlollah Ziaie Jan 1990

Development Of A Resistivity Method To Detect Underground Mined Openings., Fazlollah Ziaie

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this study, a new resistivity method has been developed and tested in three phases; simulated model, similitude model, and field survey. This new resistivity method is a combination of the Bristow arrangement and line electrode method. Three line electrodes are chosen so that the sinkhole electrode is emplaced at far distance from the other two electrodes. Any of the two electrodes and the sinkhole electrode is activated and several resistivity profiles perpendicular to the line electrode are prepared for different electrodes activation. Subsurface cavities cause resistivity anomaly. These anomalies are interpreted and are used to estimate the depths and …

Go to article

Rewriting The Self, Writing The Other: An Investigation Of Recent American Epistolary Novels., Anne Lieberman Bower Jan 1990

Rewriting The Self, Writing The Other: An Investigation Of Recent American Epistolary Novels., Anne Lieberman Bower

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A number of recent critical works apply twentieth century literary theories to eighteenth- and nineteenth-century epistolary novels. However, in spite of the existence of a number of intriguing twentieth-century letter novels, there have been no in-depth studies of modern uses of this form, and only a limited number of articles that analyze the epistolarity of modern and contemporary novel fictions. What makes this condition surprising is that many of the form's features are so sympathetic to aesthetic and philosophic issues of our day. Using deconstructive, reader-response and feminist perspectives, this dissertation investigates the ways the letter novel is used by …

Go to article

The Effect Of Board Grade On Yellow Poplar Millwork Cutting Yield., James C. Flowers Jan 1990

The Effect Of Board Grade On Yellow Poplar Millwork Cutting Yield., James C. Flowers

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The custom millwork industry currently purchases about 89 percent of its hardwood lumber from the top NHLA grades, FAS and FAS1F (1F&Btr). For many millwork producers, the abundance of yellow-poplar in the Appalachian region, its cost and machining properties make it an attractive wood species. The price discrepancies between 1F&Btr yellow-poplar and lower grades are not necessarily justified by observed variation in cutting yield. To determine the effect of NHLA board grade on millwork cutting yields, a database was assembled, detailing information on the type, size and location of defects on the faces of 479 re-graded 4/4 kiln-dried yellow-poplar boards. …

Go to article

Methane Recovery And Suppression In Simulated Sanitary Landfills., Bassem Ibrahim Haddad Jan 1990

Methane Recovery And Suppression In Simulated Sanitary Landfills., Bassem Ibrahim Haddad

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Methane gas production in MSW landfills and its migration are well documented in the literature. Maximizing methane yield per unit refuse mass and minimizing its migration are beneficial for energy recovery purposes. This research project was based on suppressing methane generation in landfills, and its production in a controlled external reactor. Three different systems of simulated sanitary landfills were constructed at West Virginia University. System 1 simulated a conventional sanitary landfill. In System 2, leachate was recycled, and its pH was controlled by adding caustic. In System 3, anaerobic digestion supernatant was added to MSW to provide nutrients and bacterial …

Go to article

Maternal Perceptions Of Preterm And Term Infants Using The Neonatal Perception Inventory Ii: A Comparative Study., Karen E. Miles Jan 1990

Maternal Perceptions Of Preterm And Term Infants Using The Neonatal Perception Inventory Ii: A Comparative Study., Karen E. Miles

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to compare the perceptions of mothers of preterm infants with the perceptions of the mothers of term infants, and to identify the variables related to these perceptions that may place these infants at increased risk for later psychosocial problems. The Neonatal Perception Inventory (NPI II), a simple, often-used assessment of maternal perceptions, was used for this study. Subjects were 36 mothers of healthy, term infants and 14 mothers of healthy, preterm infants who delivered at a regional perinatal center. The NPI II was mailed to the mothers after their infants had been home from …

Go to article

Seismic Evaluation Of The Mississippian Greenbrier Limestone And Devonian Ohio Shale In The Big Ugly Area, Southwestern West Virginia., Li Zheng Jan 1990

Seismic Evaluation Of The Mississippian Greenbrier Limestone And Devonian Ohio Shale In The Big Ugly Area, Southwestern West Virginia., Li Zheng

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Mississippian Greenbrier Limestone and Devonian Ohio Shale were studied in the Big Ugly area of southwestern West Virginia by reprocessing and interpreting existing seismic and geological data. Careful design of routine processing parameters and the use of a modified tau-p filter significantly enhanced the quality of seismic data from the area. The presence of detached structures above three decollement zones and cross-strike discontinuities (CSD's) associated with the Alleghanian deformation west of Mann Mountain anticline is suggested. A basement growth structure, the Griffithsville basement high, localized detached structures along its southeast flank. High producing trends in the Devonian Ohio Shale …

Go to article

Historical Study--West Virginia Board Of Examiners For Registered Professional Nurses (1950-1987): Impact On Standards Of Nursing Education In West Virginia., Giovanna Lucia Morton Jan 1989

Historical Study--West Virginia Board Of Examiners For Registered Professional Nurses (1950-1987): Impact On Standards Of Nursing Education In West Virginia., Giovanna Lucia Morton

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The problem investigated in this research was an historical study of the West Virginia Board of Examiners for Registered Professional Nurses and its impact upon standards of nursing education in West Virginia between 1950-1987. The study followed the historiography methodological approach and it was based upon Kurt Lewin's theoretical constructs of change: Stage 1: Unfreezing; Stage 2: Changing or Implementation (Referred to in this study as "Transition" and "Expansion"); Stage 3: Refreezing. The factors considered to affect change were limited to selected socioeconomic, professional, and legal factors. This study documented the impact of the Board, as influenced by these four …

Go to article

Surplus School Space: Unique And Interesting Alternative Uses In Selected Districts In Pennsylvania, New Jersey And Maryland., A Richard Pitcock Jan 1989

Surplus School Space: Unique And Interesting Alternative Uses In Selected Districts In Pennsylvania, New Jersey And Maryland., A Richard Pitcock

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this investigation was to determine what unique and interesting uses of surplus school space existed in Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Maryland. Answers to the following questions were sought: (1) What were the legal restraints imposed upon school boards in each state regarding selling, leasing, renting, transferring or disposing of school property? (2) What were acceptable alternative uses of school space in each of these states? The laws in these three states were researched to determine if legal restraints were imposed upon school boards regarding the use or disposition of surplus space and property. Following the identification of …

Go to article

Instructional Design And Interactive Videodisc In Cai., Robert Franklin Perkins Jan 1989

Instructional Design And Interactive Videodisc In Cai., Robert Franklin Perkins

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study uses the Product Development Cycle developed by W. James Popham and Eva L. Baker as a systems approach to Computer-Aided-Instruction development. This process establishes seven stages (Formulation, Item Specification, Item Tryout, Product Development, Product Tryout, Product Revision, and Operations Analysis) and rules that are to be followed at each stage. Formative and summative evaluation are incorporated to improve the product's development. Instructional design is integrated into this process by using Component Display Theory developed by M. David Merrill. Merrill uses a Performance-Content matrix to develop learner objectives and items to test performance. Presentation Forms (Primary and Secondary) are …

Go to article

Citation Analysis And Emerging Technologies: Foundational Technical Developments In Optical Disk Technology., Thomas Tunnell Wrenn Jan 1989

Citation Analysis And Emerging Technologies: Foundational Technical Developments In Optical Disk Technology., Thomas Tunnell Wrenn

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

One reason a given technology emerges is that the technical means of the technology are improved--made more efficient, faster, more reliable. This causes changes in the "socio-technical interface" between the technical means and the organization in which it is applied, and it becomes practical to use the improved technical means in new applications and additional organizations. Technical developments that decisively affect the technical workability and the economic usefulness of a product or process, which permit rapid changes in a technology and its rate of emergence, are termed foundational technical developments (FTDs). We often want to be able to identify which …

Go to article

Simulation Of Boundary Coal Thickness Sensors., Michael Gordon Nelson Jan 1989

Simulation Of Boundary Coal Thickness Sensors., Michael Gordon Nelson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Underground coal mining practice often requires that some coal be lift in place at the seam boundaries after mining, for purposes of ground control, quality control, machine guidance, of good operating practice. Many methods for measuring the thickness of boundary coal have been developed, but only the natural gamma method has been used in routine operations. Use of this method is constrained by the level and consistency of the natural gamma background in the bordering strata, the accuracy of the gamma detection instrument, and the elevation profile of the seam boundary being detected. Computer simulations for three commercially available gamma …

Go to article

A Study Of Management Competency As Determined By Athletic Directors In Pennsylvania Public High Schools: A Probability Sampling Approach., Michael P. Risha Jan 1989

A Study Of Management Competency As Determined By Athletic Directors In Pennsylvania Public High Schools: A Probability Sampling Approach., Michael P. Risha

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purposes of the present investigation were to (1) analyze and compare the views of selected management competencies held by athletic directors of public high schools in Pennsylvania and (2) develop useful descriptive statistics from the demographic data to assess athletic director response, profile and scope differences; and program/school differences. A stratified random sample n of 292 (one half the total number of public high schools in the state) was selected based on school size. Two hundred and three completed sampling packages were returned from the total mailout sample (70% response rate). Two questionnaires were included in each sampling package: …

Go to article

Interest As A Factor In Second-Grade Reading Comprehension., Lillian Sylvia Holliday Jan 1989

Interest As A Factor In Second-Grade Reading Comprehension., Lillian Sylvia Holliday

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to determine if a relationship existed between interest and comprehension in reading for early primary readers. Subjects selected for the present study were 144 students who attended two public elementary schools in an urban setting and four public elementary schools in a rural setting. Reading comprehension subtest scores of the Gates-MacGinitie Reading Test were obtained to determine each subject's reading ability and to place each in a high- or low-reading ability group. The other instruments used in the study--six listening introductory passages, an Interest Assessment Device (IAD), six reading passages and accompanying comprehension tests--were …

Go to article

Complementary Contexts For The Life Of Saint-Queen Radegunde., Duey (Janette) White Jan 1989

Complementary Contexts For The Life Of Saint-Queen Radegunde., Duey (Janette) White

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As a queen, nun, cult leader, and patron saint, Radegunde (A.D. 520-587) takes her place in history from three narrative texts about her life written between 575 and 610 by Gregory of Tours, a senatorial Gallo-Roman bishop and historian; Venantius Fortunatus, a provincial Italian poet-priest; and, Baudonivia, a Frankish nun and scribe. Each writer was closely associated with Radegunde and the Sainte Croix nunnery she established for two hundred women in Poitiers. The activities surrounding Radegunde, the three writers, and the Sainte Croix nuns generated a dominant influence during the christianization of Frankish Gaul. In this historiographical study, my critical …

Go to article

Effect Of Intensive Instruction On Inquiry Patterns Of Registered Professional Nurses In Making Clinical Judgments., Diane Marie Tomasic Jan 1989

Effect Of Intensive Instruction On Inquiry Patterns Of Registered Professional Nurses In Making Clinical Judgments., Diane Marie Tomasic

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a method to modify the inquiry pattern behaviors of registered professional nurses in data gathering for clinical judgments. Forty registered professional nurses who were either students currently enrolled in an upper-division baccalaureate RN completion program or graduates of the program participated in the study. Twenty subjects were randomly assigned to Group I and received the experimental treatment, intensive instruction in cue attendance, information search, and hypothesis generation. Twenty additional subjects were assigned to Group II and received instruction in the principles of diagnostic reasoning. Measures of demographic data, level …

Go to article

Taking A Stand: A Naturalistic Study Of Stance Negotiation In Student Teaching., Jody Messinger Wolfe Jan 1989

Taking A Stand: A Naturalistic Study Of Stance Negotiation In Student Teaching., Jody Messinger Wolfe

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research was an exploratory investigation of stance in teacher learning. The concept of stance is suggested by the work of Bruner and Schon and is rooted in a constructivist perspective on knowledge. When applied to teaching, stance can be defined as a teacher's position toward the world of teaching, discernible in the verbal and behavioral language of practice. A teacher's stance is negotiated through experiencing various elements of teaching, constructing cognitive representations of these experiences, and taking a stand toward them. The researcher employed a naturalistic design to study stance in the context of one secondary Social Studies student …

Go to article

Acceptance Evaluation Model For A New Transit Technology--A Case Study Of Aerial Cable Transit., Murthy Veer Bondada Jan 1989

Acceptance Evaluation Model For A New Transit Technology--A Case Study Of Aerial Cable Transit., Murthy Veer Bondada

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In transit technology evaluation models, presently being used, no provisions have been made for perceptions. An Acceptance Evaluation Model for a New Transit Technology, which objectively considers all technologies, has been developed. The case study applies the eight-step methodological model to evaluate the acceptance of aerial cable technology (aerial cable tramways and gondolas) compared to bus, van, self-propelled and cable-propelled people movers, and Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) for urban applications. Two urban scenarios were considered for application of Aerial Cable Technology (ACT)--as a Downtown Connector to parking facilities and in a Regional Center interconnecting developments. The acceptance of the ACT …

Go to article

Alternative Food In Economic Context: An Analysis Of The Open To Closed Economy Continuum., Abdulrazaq A. Imam Jan 1989

Alternative Food In Economic Context: An Analysis Of The Open To Closed Economy Continuum., Abdulrazaq A. Imam

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Three pigeons served respectively in three experiments in which the effects of within-session alternative food combined conjointly or concurrently with variable-interval or fixed-ratio schedules of reinforcement in defining the economic continuum were examined. In Experiment 1, the frequency of alternative food was varied in an otherwise closed economy. As the frequency of the alternative food decreased, the rate of responding declined. In Experiments 2 and 3 alternative foods were combined, respectively, with variable-interval and fixed-ratio schedules, in open and closed economies. Generally, response rates were higher in the open than in the closed economies (an economic effect), although the alternative …

Go to article

Safe Hand-Button Distance For Mechanical Power Presses., Roger Christian Jensen Jan 1989

Safe Hand-Button Distance For Mechanical Power Presses., Roger Christian Jensen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Many mechanical power presses are equipped for actuation with dual hand buttons. For these operations, most countries have safety regulations requiring the button location be at least a minimum distance from the hazardous area where the dies meet. This distance is called the "safe distance" (D{dollar}\\sb{lcub}\\rm s{rcub}{dollar}) because its purpose is to protect the operator in case of a sudden, instinctive reach into the die area after initiating the downstroke. According to most of these regulations, D{dollar}\\sb{lcub}\\rm s{rcub}{dollar} is determined (in meters) from the inequality D{dollar}\\sb{lcub}\\rm s{rcub}{dollar} {dollar}>{dollar} S T{dollar}\\sb{lcub}\\rm stop{rcub}{dollar} where S is an assumed hand speed of …

Go to article

Experimental Analysis Of Laterally-Confined Coal Block Under Impact Indentation., Seungjae Jung Jan 1989

Experimental Analysis Of Laterally-Confined Coal Block Under Impact Indentation., Seungjae Jung

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A fundamental study of impact indentation is presented for the dynamic penetration of a conical bit into coal block. Blocks of coal with approximate dimensions of 10 x 10 x 6 inches were laterally confined to predetermined equivalent in-situ stresses and then subjected to an impact indentation by dropping a coal cutting bit with a known weight from a known height. Tests were done with five bits of different geometry. The effect of material anisotropy on fracture formation was studied by testing coal specimens in face/butt cleat directions. General relationships between applied energy, bit geometry and damage zones on crater …

Go to article

A Comparison Of Three Prompt-Fading Methods In Computer Software Training., Thorlakur Karlsson Jan 1989

A Comparison Of Three Prompt-Fading Methods In Computer Software Training., Thorlakur Karlsson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Computers have become a significant part of many people's daily life. Accompanying this trend, more resources have been devoted to software training. American businesses alone spend over {dollar}1 billion dollars on training people to use computer software each year. Part of this cost might be reduced by devising more effective training. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to evaluate whether training effectiveness could be improved by manipulating one critical feature of training, the kind of prompting strategy used. Nine college students were trained to use a spreadsheet program with a complete-prompting method, which involves telling subjects what keys to …

Go to article

The Relationship Between School Principals' Self-Perceived Brain Hemispheric Processing Modes And Their Self-Perceived Leadership Styles., Barbara Mcswain Kean Jan 1989

The Relationship Between School Principals' Self-Perceived Brain Hemispheric Processing Modes And Their Self-Perceived Leadership Styles., Barbara Mcswain Kean

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study was designed to examine the relationship between the self-perceived preferred brain hemispheric processing of West Virginia public school principals and their self-perceived leadership styles. Seventy-five respondents completed the Herrmann Brain Dominance Profile, the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire, and a demographics sheet. Data were analyzed using the General Linear Model of the Statistical Analysis Systems (SAS). Chi Square analyses at the 0.05 alpha level were used to test two directional hypotheses that guided this study. Both hypotheses were confirmed. Public school principals in West Virginia who perceived themselves as preferring mental processes that are predominantly left brain hemispheric perceived …

Go to article

The Applicability Of Limit Equilibrium Methods Of Analysis To Different Types Of Slope Stability Problems., Sun Chai Lee Jan 1989

The Applicability Of Limit Equilibrium Methods Of Analysis To Different Types Of Slope Stability Problems., Sun Chai Lee

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This investigation was conducted to determine the applicability of the limit equilibrium methods of slope stability analysis. Six of the most widely used methods of slope stability analysis were selected from methods which satisfied different equilibrium conditions. An examination of the differences among these methods was undertaken. Through investigation of the mechanics involved in the analysis. Parametric studies were also conducted to establish quantitative trends in the resulting factors of safety. Results of the investigation indicate that: (1) The most significant factor in the stability analysis of slopes is the shear strength parameters of soil, i.e., cohesion and angle of …

Go to article

On The Threshold Of The Ever-Returning Past: Djuna Barnes' "Nightwood" As A Labyrinth Of The Liminal Grotesque., Virginia Ellen Leonard Jan 1989

On The Threshold Of The Ever-Returning Past: Djuna Barnes' "Nightwood" As A Labyrinth Of The Liminal Grotesque., Virginia Ellen Leonard

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Nightwood is a novel of life lived in the interstices of time and space by marginal characters, epitomized by the night people of Vienna, Paris, and Berlin. These epicenters of the cultural revolutions of the early twentieth century drew expatriates from all over the world. This novel captures the essence of marginality in images of the grotesque, the most appropriate symbol of the liminal life and the most useful art form to consider when investigating the complex style of a simple tale. In consequence, I use an interdisciplinary approach, combining art history of the grotesque, analysis of major motif patterns …

Go to article

An Integrated Computer Model For Predicting Surface Subsidence Due To Underground Coal Mining: "Cispm"., Yi Luo Jan 1989

An Integrated Computer Model For Predicting Surface Subsidence Due To Underground Coal Mining: "Cispm"., Yi Luo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation is a part of the results of a research effort. The objective of the research was to develop a reliable, comprehensive and easy-to-use computer model for predicting surface movement and deformation induced by underground coal mining. The subsidence prediction model developed is capable of (1) predicting the final subsidence on a flat or moderate surface; (2) predicting the dynamic subsidence on a flat or moderate surface for an operating longwall panel; (3) recommending subsidence parameters based on the geological and panel layout information for those new coal mines; (4) deducing the subsidence parameters from the subsidence data collected …

Go to article

Development Of A Formative Evaluation Process For University Chief Student Affairs Administrators., Michael Redzich Jan 1989

Development Of A Formative Evaluation Process For University Chief Student Affairs Administrators., Michael Redzich

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to develop a process, including an instrument, to evaluate the chief student personnel administrator at a university, not only for the purpose of performance assessment, but also to serve as a means of self-assessment and personal and professional development. Six research questions focus on the most relevant and important factors to be included in the evaluation process for this position. The answers to these six questions were obtained from two panels of experts. The first panel consisted of those who have published their research regarding academic administrator evaluation. These experts are cited because evaluation …

Go to article

The Metabolism And Distribution Of Carbon-14-8nitrogen(6)-Benzyladenine In Lettuce Seeds And Seedlings., Roger George Seeber Jan 1989

The Metabolism And Distribution Of Carbon-14-8nitrogen(6)-Benzyladenine In Lettuce Seeds And Seedlings., Roger George Seeber

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cytokinins are an integral part of plant growth and development, involved in many physiological processes and found in several forms. This investigation sought to follow the uptake of the cytokinin, {dollar}\\sp{lcub}14{rcub}{dollar}C-8N{dollar}\\sp6{dollar}-benzyladenine (BAP), by lettuce seeds through time, trace the movement of the metabolites through several areas of the seedling, and identify the BAP metabolites. Lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Grand Rapids) were exposed to a two hour pulse of the radioactive BAP. These seeds were harvested at 4 hour intervals from 2-48 hours. Seedlings incubated from 36-48 hours were cut (depending on age) into; root, stem, shoot tip and …

Go to article

Second Generation Effects Of The Vietnam Conflict: Adjustment And Development Of Adolescent Children Of Combat Veterans., Virginia P. Smejkal Jan 1989

Second Generation Effects Of The Vietnam Conflict: Adjustment And Development Of Adolescent Children Of Combat Veterans., Virginia P. Smejkal

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Although extensive research has focused upon the adjustment problems of the veterans of the Vietnam conflict, little data is available concerning their children. The purpose of this study is to provide a description of the adolescent children who have lived with Vietnam combat veteran fathers, comparing them (on the basis of social and personal adjustment, relationship with their parents, personality development, and a few personal choices and opinions) with a control group of children whose fathers were not in Vietnam. The experimental group, consisting of 14 girls and 14 boys from a high school in West Virginia and a control …

Go to article

Reproductive Biology Of Female Black Bears And Early Growth And Development Of Cubs In Northeastern Pennsylvania., Gary L. Alt Jan 1989

Reproductive Biology Of Female Black Bears And Early Growth And Development Of Cubs In Northeastern Pennsylvania., Gary L. Alt

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Many aspects of female black bear reproductive biology and early development of cubs have remained poorly documented, particularly for wild populations. Black bears were studied from 1974 through 1989, in northeastern Pennsylvania, to establish base line data for times of breeding and parturition, gestation length, characteristics of cubs at birth, cub growth and development, and cub sex ratios. Reproductive performance of females was also documented, including minimum breeding age, interbirth interval, reproductive efficiency, and litter size. Breeding activity ranged from 18 May to 12 September but peaked from mid-June through mid-July, based on 47 females captured while in estrus and …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last