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Persistence Of Response Variation And Repetition, Adam Howard Doughty Dec 2000

Persistence Of Response Variation And Repetition, Adam Howard Doughty

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A multiple chained schedule was used to assess the persistence of fixed and variable response sequences. In one terminal link, a single 4-peck response sequence produced food (Repeat) and in the other terminal link a 4-peck response sequence produced food only if it had been occurring infrequently relative to the other 15 possible responses (Vary). Similar response and reinforcement rates occurred in each terminal link. Identical variable-interval 20-s schedules operated in the initial links preceding each terminal link and lower response rates reliably occurred in the initial link preceding the Vary terminal link. After responding stabilized under the multiple chained …

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Effects Of Pain And Fear Stimulus Intensity Levels On Pain Responding In Chronic Pain Patients, John Thomas Sorrell Dec 2000

Effects Of Pain And Fear Stimulus Intensity Levels On Pain Responding In Chronic Pain Patients, John Thomas Sorrell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Fear has been found to increase and decrease pain responding in various contexts, and the effects of fear and pain stimulus intensity levels on pain responding have not been examined. Forty chronic pain patients were exposed to an algometer pressure pain device which stimulated different fingers; there were two levels of pressure pain (i.e., high and low). Also, there were two levels of induced fear (i.e., high and low). Significant main effects of pain stimulus intensity level were found on threshold pain time, tolerance pain time, and self-reports of fear and pain. Also, a significant main effect of gender was …

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Effects Of Reinforcement History For Following Rules On Sensitivity To Contingencies Of Reinforcement, Carolina Aguilera Dec 2000

Effects Of Reinforcement History For Following Rules On Sensitivity To Contingencies Of Reinforcement, Carolina Aguilera

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The present experiment manipulated subjects' experimental history of reinforcement for following rules in order to assess sensitivity to contingency changes. Ten undergraduate students were presented with four training tasks. Half the subjects were presented with instructions that corresponded with the reinforcement contingencies for these tasks (Accurate Instructions group), while the other half was presented with instructions that did not correspond with the reinforcement contingencies (Inaccurate Instructions group). After meeting stability criteria, unsignaled changes in the contingencies of one of the tasks were made to test for sensitivity. Although the behavior of all the subjects eventually changed after contacting the changed …

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Optimization Of A Helicon Plasma Source For Maximum Density With Minimal Ion Heating, Matthew M. Balkey Dec 2000

Optimization Of A Helicon Plasma Source For Maximum Density With Minimal Ion Heating, Matthew M. Balkey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Measurements of electron density and perpendicular ion temperatures in an argon helicon plasma are presented for five different antennas: A Nagoya type III antenna, a double-saddle antenna, a 19 cm long m = +1 helical antenna, a 30 cm long m = +1 helical antenna and a 19 cm m = +1 helical antenna with wide straps. Electromagnetic wave measurements in the range from 100 kHz to 50 MHz are also presented for a wide range of plasma parameters. The data show a clear transition between RF power coupling to the plasma to create density and coupling to heat ions. …

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Evaluating Mandatory Parent Education For Divorcing Couples With Children, Brian John Krolczyk Dec 2000

Evaluating Mandatory Parent Education For Divorcing Couples With Children, Brian John Krolczyk

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Court-mandated parent education for divorcing parents with children has become a standard practice in recent years. The West Virginia State Legislature voted to mandate parent education programs in all of West Virginia effective January, 2000. Research suggests parental conflict is a major factor contributing to adjustment difficulties reported by children. Generally, parent education programs for divorcing couples with children focus on adjustment issues for parents and children as they navigate a demanding period of family change. A literature review of current parent education programs in the United States revealed programs differ in teaching methods used and curriculum. It is reported …

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Psychophysiological Responses Of Older Adults To An Anxiety -Evoking Stimulus, Angela W. Lau Dec 2000

Psychophysiological Responses Of Older Adults To An Anxiety -Evoking Stimulus, Angela W. Lau

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to clarify the relation between anxiety and physiological responses in older adults as compared to younger adults. Heart rate (HR), skin conductance level (SCL), skin conductance response (SCR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were obtained before, during, and after exposure to a Stroop color-word naming task and a snake video from 46 female younger adults (age 18--30) and 28 female older adults (age 65--80) who were designated as either snake fearful or snake nonfearful. No significant group differences were observed on physiological measures to baseline one or during the snake …

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Integrating Spatial And Spectral Information For Automatic Feature Identification In High -Resolution Remotely Sensed Images, Jong Yeol Lee Dec 2000

Integrating Spatial And Spectral Information For Automatic Feature Identification In High -Resolution Remotely Sensed Images, Jong Yeol Lee

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research used image objects, instead of pixels, as the basic unit of analysis in high-resolution imagery. Thus, not only spectral radiance and texture were used in the analysis, but also spatial context. Furthermore, the automated identification of attributed objects is potentially useful for integrating remote sensing with a vector-based GIS.;A study area in Morgantown, WV was chosen as a site for the development and testing of automated feature extraction methods with high-resolution data. In the first stage of the analysis, edges were identified using texture. Experiments with simulated data indicated that a linear operator identified curved and sharp edges …

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Coupled Nonlinear Dynamical Systems, Hongyan Sun Dec 2000

Coupled Nonlinear Dynamical Systems, Hongyan Sun

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this dissertation, we study coupled nonlinear dynamical systems that exhibit new types of complex behavior. We numerically and analytically examine a variety of dynamical models, ranging from systems of ordinary differential equations (ODE) with novel elements of feedback to systems of partial differential equations (PDE) that model chemical pattern formation. Chaos, dynamical uncertainty, synchronization, and spatiotemporal pattern formation constitute the primary topics of the dissertation. Following the introduction in Chapter 1, we study chaos and dynamical uncertainty in Chapter 2 with coupled Lorenz systems and demonstrate the existence of extreme complexity in high-dimensional ODE systems. In Chapter 3, we …

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Burnout, Stress And Social Support Among Doctoral Students In Psychology, Kelli Lee Weaver Dec 2000

Burnout, Stress And Social Support Among Doctoral Students In Psychology, Kelli Lee Weaver

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The relationships between burnout, stress, and social support have been evaluated across a number of populations within the helping professions. However, no published studies have addressed the relationships between the aforementioned variables among doctoral students in psychology. As a result, the current study attempted to expand knowledge of the relationships between burnout, stress, and social support specifically among Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychology doctoral students. Results suggested that Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychology doctoral students are generally similar in their reports of burnout, stress, and social support. However, several differences were observed between the groups, and these differences are reported. …

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Characterization Of A Novel Methyl Radical Source And Related Thin Film Growth Studies, Jeffrey Stephen Gold Dec 2000

Characterization Of A Novel Methyl Radical Source And Related Thin Film Growth Studies, Jeffrey Stephen Gold

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

An ultrahigh vacuum compatible methyl (CH3) radical source has been developed. The methyl radicals were generated by dc- and microwave-discharge processes in either of two ways. In the first, argon (Ar) or an Ar/Xe mixture was passed through the discharge to produce inert gas metastables that react with methane to produce the desired species. This was referred to as the indirect mode of operation. In the second or direct mode, an inert gas/methane mixture was passed directly through the discharge. The discharge/reaction products were sampled using a skimmer, and the resulting molecular beam was either characterized using a mass spectrometer …

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Optimization Of A Roll Over Protective Structure (Rops) Using Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis, Adam Michael Gillispie Dec 2000

Optimization Of A Roll Over Protective Structure (Rops) Using Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis, Adam Michael Gillispie

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The use of a conventional Roll Over Protective Structure CROPS) on farm tractors over the years has saved numerous lives and prevented countless injuries. By removing the ROPS, the tractor operators place themselves in unwarranted danger.;This led the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and West Virginia University Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering to the development of a deployable ROPS, which could remain down to aid in required housing space for the tractor and prevent debris from striking the tractor operator while being driven.;This research effort focuses on the application of computer-aided design and analysis to structurally optimize the …

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Teacher Videotaping As A Method Of Self -Assessing Questioning Skills In Secondary Public Schools, Stephen Alan Alberts Ii Dec 2000

Teacher Videotaping As A Method Of Self -Assessing Questioning Skills In Secondary Public Schools, Stephen Alan Alberts Ii

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Primarily this action research project was designed to hone my ability to Socratically question students by reflecting on my teaching through the lens of a videocamera---while reconciling my own paradigm with as many outside assessment devices as possible. The paramount consideration of my questioning/framing references was to incite students to think critically (see Pedagogical Skills Honed in chapter seven). The higher priorities of the outside assessors, on the other hand, were more political than instructional in nature (see Reconciling Multiple Assessments in chapter seven).;Scrutinizing and improving my questioning skills (the focus of the research) led to the epiphany that the …

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Removal Of Uranium From Aqueous Wastes Using Electrically Charged Carbon Nanofibers, Shannon Lee Stover Dec 2000

Removal Of Uranium From Aqueous Wastes Using Electrically Charged Carbon Nanofibers, Shannon Lee Stover

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The presence of aqueous uranium wastes is a problem in the United States and their treatment/disposal is desirable. Treatment methods have been developed but result in concentration opposed to conversion to a disposable form. This technique involves recovery of uranium as a solid, providing an advantage over other methods. The technique utilizes carbon nanofibers as electrodes which successfully electrosorb uranium ions. Fibers with varying surface characteristics were evaluated in the removal process and all were determined to be equally and extremely effective. Various experimental parameters were evaluated including applied potential, pH, and flow rate. The critical applied potential at which …

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On The Feasibility Of Integrated Optical Waveguide-Based In Situ Monitoring Of Microelectromechanical Systems (Mems), Kolin Shay Brown Dec 2000

On The Feasibility Of Integrated Optical Waveguide-Based In Situ Monitoring Of Microelectromechanical Systems (Mems), Kolin Shay Brown

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation explores the feasibility of using integrated optical waveguides to measure the motion of microelectromechanical structures (MEMS). MEMS are a class of silicon devices which are being developed as sensors and actuators. Because these free moving structures are fabricated using processes similar to microfabrication, MEMS devices and traditional electronics can be integrated on the same substrate. This merging of the technologies will allow the miniaturization of large scale mechanical systems. A difficulty with MEMS devices is determining the submicron motion. One method of noninvasive measurement is optical measurement. Research focused on the characterization of one particular MEMS device, a …

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Breastfeeding Personal Efficacy Beliefs Of Women University Students, Ann Pollard Cleveland Dec 2000

Breastfeeding Personal Efficacy Beliefs Of Women University Students, Ann Pollard Cleveland

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Many women do not initiate breastfeeding although breastfeeding promotes their baby's health. Three reasons why women do not breastfeed are women's mental organization, cultural beliefs about breastfeeding, and women's breastfeeding personal efficacy beliefs. The conceptual framework for personal efficacy beliefs is Bandura's social-cognitive theory (1992, 1995, 1997). This dissertation used a new research instrument to examine women university students' breastfeeding personal efficacy beliefs. The instrument was tested by mail survey techniques that resulted in a 70.6% respondent rate. University women's personal efficacy beliefs about breastfeeding factored into five factor subscales. In order of magnitude, the personal efficacy belief factors were …

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Development Of A Membrane Resistance Based Modeling Framework For Comparison Of Ultrafiltration Processes, David Albert Masciola Dec 2000

Development Of A Membrane Resistance Based Modeling Framework For Comparison Of Ultrafiltration Processes, David Albert Masciola

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A parametric study was conducted to develop a more general modeling framework as a basis for comparison of ultrafiltration membrane modules and separation processes. Discrete experiments were performed to examine the effects of operating parameters on permeate flux behavior in the tubular and high-shear rotary ultrafiltration (HSRUF) systems using a synthetic metal working (MW) fluid as a surrogate feed stream due to its relevance in industrial process and treatment applications. The conventional thin-film model was successfully applied to permeate flux data collected at low feed oil concentrations; however, model predictions at high concentrations were physically meaningless due to the formation …

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Development Of An Integrated Project-Level Pavement Management Model Using Risk Analysis, Jennifer A. Reigle Dec 2000

Development Of An Integrated Project-Level Pavement Management Model Using Risk Analysis, Jennifer A. Reigle

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Historically, federal highway funding focused on the construction of new pavements and the upgrading of existing pavements. Today, much of the infrastructure is in place. Therefore, the focus of federal funding is shifting toward pavement maintenance and preservation. With this is mind, highway agencies are directing attention toward pavement preservation strategies that yield the greatest value from existing pavements.;Life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is a decision-making tool that highway agencies may use in selecting an optimal pavement preservation strategy. Traditionally, LCCA models for pavement management use discrete input values that represent a conservative "best guess" of each parameter. Thus, inherent …

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Process Control Of Applied Laser System For Enhanced Glass Production, Liyun Zheng Dec 2000

Process Control Of Applied Laser System For Enhanced Glass Production, Liyun Zheng

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Existing glass crack-off methods often result in considerable loss of glassware and require subsequent edge finishing that is labor intensive. The main objective of this dissertation is to contribute to the development of a laser-enhanced cutting and finishing method that will decrease waste and improve productivity in the manufacturing of handblown glass.;The main objectives of this dissertation were to perform modeling and simulation of the laser glass interaction, to contribute to the lab prototype machine construction, to participate in experiments to investigate the process parameters governing successful glass cutting, and to pursue the design and validation of controls for the …

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Philosophies Of Adult Education As Practiced By Agricultural Education Teachers In Pennsylvania, West Virginia, And Virginia, Crystal R. Buckingham Aug 2000

Philosophies Of Adult Education As Practiced By Agricultural Education Teachers In Pennsylvania, West Virginia, And Virginia, Crystal R. Buckingham

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to increase understanding of adult education philosophies as practiced by Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Virginia secondary school agriculture teachers.;A Philosophy of Adult Education Inventory (PAEI) and researcher-created demographic sheet was sent to a sample of agriculture teachers in the tri-state area (n = 314). Descriptive data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows (SPSS). Frequencies, means, and correlational and multivariate analyses were used to describe and analyze the research results.;It was shown that there is a slight relationship between adult education preparation and the five philosophies. The Humanist philosophy is …

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Evaluation Of The Use Of Remotely Sensed Images To Speciate Mixed Appalachian Forests, Doru Ioan Pacurari Aug 2000

Evaluation Of The Use Of Remotely Sensed Images To Speciate Mixed Appalachian Forests, Doru Ioan Pacurari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Advancements in technology have led to development of various new sensors and platforms. Among them, the airborne digital camera has potential for use in detailed forest vegetation management, and they offer a number of advantages over conventional aerial photographs. The aim of the study was to determine the ability to speciate mixed Appalachian hardwood forests using the Airborne Data Acquisition and Registration (ADAR) System 1000, and to determine the optimal spatial resolution and the optimal scale of the acquired images. Digital images of a 200-ha area in west central West Virginia were acquired for the study.;The first objective of the …

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Dynamic Analysis Of A Composite Moving Beam, Ganesh Chandrasekaran Aug 2000

Dynamic Analysis Of A Composite Moving Beam, Ganesh Chandrasekaran

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this thesis, an attempt is made at studying the dynamic characteristics of a composite-moving beam.;The model considered is an overhang beam on simple supports oscillating in the longitudinal direction. The lateral response of the beam is studied due to an initial lateral deflection. The beam is made-up of laminated composite materials. Both symmetric and unsymmetrical lay ups are considered. Since unsymmetrical lay ups introduce bending-axial coupling, axial deformation needs to be considered also. First Order Shear Deformation theory (FSDT) is used to formulate the problem since transverse shear deformations are important for composite beams. When reducing laminate plate theory …

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Detection Of Subsurface Anomalies In Composite Bridge Decks Using Infrared Thermography, Hasan Moh'd Alqennah Aug 2000

Detection Of Subsurface Anomalies In Composite Bridge Decks Using Infrared Thermography, Hasan Moh'd Alqennah

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This document presents the findings of an experimental study on the use of Infrared Thermography for nondestructive evaluation of subsurface anomalies in composite bridge decks.;Composite bridge deck specimens were constructed in the laboratory with varying subsurface delamination conditions such as sizes, thicknesses and filler materials. These simulated delaminations were placed between the 3/8&inches; thick wearing surface and the top of the fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) deck. The laboratory specimens were tested using the infrared imaging system. The infrared images from the delaminated specimens were compared with solid (undamaged) specimens to study the effect of subsurface anomalies (delaminations) on the infrared …

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Effects Of Plant Flavonoids On The Fate Of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Rhizosphere Soil, Xiujin Qui Aug 2000

Effects Of Plant Flavonoids On The Fate Of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Rhizosphere Soil, Xiujin Qui

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

High-molecular-weight polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent in the environment although a wide variety of microorganisms can metabolize PAHs. In the past decades, laboratory and filed studies have shown that PAH degradation in soil is often limited by poor bioavailability and oxygen availability. Bound residue formation of PAHs with macromolecules of soil organic matter is an important fate mechanism. More recently, phytoremediation for PAH-contaminated soils is being explored. It is believed that PAH degradation may be enhanced in rhizosphere soil due to the improved aeration condition and the active soil microbial community sustained by root exudates. Whether certain root exudates …

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Emissions And Operational Aspects Of Methanol As An Alternative Fuel In A Stationary Gas Turbine, Richard William Guiler Aug 2000

Emissions And Operational Aspects Of Methanol As An Alternative Fuel In A Stationary Gas Turbine, Richard William Guiler

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

During this research techniques have been developed to measure the lubricating properties of methanol and various additives. Suitable lubricant additives were found to improve methanol's lubricity to equal that of aviation kerosene, with as little as 1% additive. The lower heating value of methanol required modifications to the WVU gas turbine's fuel system and atomizer, to provide higher flow rate of fuel then required with aviation kerosene. The gas turbine was modified and operated on methanol for an extended period, without failure. Exhaust gas emissions were tested for carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), total hydrocarbons …

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Induction Of Myosin Cross-Reactive Antibody And Cytolytic T Cell Responses In Mice With Streptococcus Pyogenes, Cynthia Ann Cunningham Aug 2000

Induction Of Myosin Cross-Reactive Antibody And Cytolytic T Cell Responses In Mice With Streptococcus Pyogenes, Cynthia Ann Cunningham

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Impetigo and pharyngitis are two common suppurative infections in man elicited by Streptococcus pyogenes that lead to autoimmune complications in susceptible individuals. Although the underlying mechanisms for the onset of post-streptococcal autoimmunity have yet to be established, experimental information gained thus far suggests that the resultant pathology is a consequence of immunological cross-reactivity between streptococcal antigens, namely the anti-phagocytic factor M protein and host proteins, specifically myosin. Experimental animal model systems developed to date have predominantly relied on the immunization of adult animals with M protein emulsed in adjuvant. In the laboratory we have undertaken studies with mice to examine …

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Spectroscopic Investigations Of New Glass-Ionomer Dental Cements, Yigang Jin Aug 2000

Spectroscopic Investigations Of New Glass-Ionomer Dental Cements, Yigang Jin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Emission spectroscopy has been used to study conventional and resin modified glass-ionomer dental cements by monitoring the integrated peak intensities of signals arising from chromium ions in the aluminium oxide matrix as a function of reaction time.;Different conventional cements were prepared by mixing Fuji II glass with various polyacids. Emission spectra were collected and analyzed. The differences of the setting reactions (due to polysalt formation) were explained based on the concentration and availability of hydrogen ions from the polyacids with different structures.;Commercially available and experimental resin modified cements were prepared and emission spectra were collected to compare the different setting …

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Mechatronics For Sophomore-Level Mechanical Engineering Students, David Thomas Morris Aug 2000

Mechatronics For Sophomore-Level Mechanical Engineering Students, David Thomas Morris

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As mechanical product designs become more complex, integrating electromechanical components with embedded control circuitry, the need for engineering graduates with a diversified educational background in multidisciplinary applications has been recognized within many facets of industry. The focus of this research was to create a series of laboratory experiments and a capstone project based on a survey of literature from current educators that could be used to introduce sophomore-level mechanical engineering students to fundamentals in the field known as "mechatronics", which incorporates the traditional disciplines of mechanical, electrical and software engineering. The lab exercises utilize the Handy Board microcontroller from MIT …

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Coloring Clique Hypergraphs, Hoifung Poon Aug 2000

Coloring Clique Hypergraphs, Hoifung Poon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Let G = (V, E) be a simple graph. The clique hypergraph of G, denoted as CH( G), has V as its set of vertices, and the maximal cliques as its hyperedges. Let Sk be a set of k colors. A map c : V Sk is a proper k-coloring for CH(G) if any maximal clique of G with at least two vertices receives at least two distinct colors. Let W ⊂ V, and let s ≥ 1. We say that G is (W, s)-extendible if any assignment on W with at most s colors can be extended to a …

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Quality And Postharvest Performance Of Cut Roses Grown In Root Media Containing Coal Bottom Ash, Marlene Karen Cross Aug 2000

Quality And Postharvest Performance Of Cut Roses Grown In Root Media Containing Coal Bottom Ash, Marlene Karen Cross

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The vase life of roses grown in coal bottom ash (CBA)-amended media was evaluated. CBA is enriched in calcium, a nutrient implicated in delaying senescence. Four rose cultivars, Cara Mia, Dakota, Santa Fe and Pink Osiana, were grown (from started eye plants) in four media: a 50% CBA medium and a peat: vermiculite medium amended with calcitic and dolomitic lime (1:1) were used as "high calcium" media, whereas a 25% CBA medium and a peat: vermiculite medium amended with dolomitic lime only were used as "low calcium" media. Yield was not different for roses from different media, and a subjective …

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Enhanced Design For Oxy -Fuel Fired Batch Tanks Using Cfd Methods, Guosheng Kang Aug 2000

Enhanced Design For Oxy -Fuel Fired Batch Tanks Using Cfd Methods, Guosheng Kang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Oxy-fuel firing is more energy efficient and environment friendly than conventional air-fuel firing and its application for glass melting has begun since 1990. This technology has been advanced for continuous glass melting furnaces based on continued research and application experiences accumulation, while its application in batch tanks is experiencing a transition period. Batch tanks are commonly used by the hand and art glass companies. Compared to continuous furnaces, a batch tank has smaller size and higher operation temperature. The four primary concerns in the application of oxy-fuel firing in batch tanks are (1) The high flame temperature of oxy-fuel firing …

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