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Social Exchange Theory, Interpersonal Communication Motives, And Volunteerism: Identifying Motivation To Volunteer And The Rewards And Costs Associated., Michael Wesley Corrigan Jan 2001

Social Exchange Theory, Interpersonal Communication Motives, And Volunteerism: Identifying Motivation To Volunteer And The Rewards And Costs Associated., Michael Wesley Corrigan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The research objective of this study was to identify the motives behind an individual’s reasons for volunteering and discuss the equilibrium of rewards versus costs needed in order to sustain and better manage volunteer staffs. The participants for this study were drawn from a sample population of 177 individuals from three states (Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Virginia) who actively participated as volunteers. The sample participants were active volunteers in six different organizations that assisted hospital patients, underprivileged or at-risk youth, church related concerns, schools, and other miscellaneous services. Answers to the research questions proposed in this study offered a start …

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Vocabulary Cards As A Strategy For Vocabulary Acquisition Of English As A Second Language: The Learners' Perspectives., Maria Teresa Barbosa Das Neves Jan 2001

Vocabulary Cards As A Strategy For Vocabulary Acquisition Of English As A Second Language: The Learners' Perspectives., Maria Teresa Barbosa Das Neves

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The use of vocabulary cards has been advocated by various authors (Gairns and Redman, 1986; McCarthy, 1990; Schmitt and Schmitt, 1995; Hopkins and Bean, 1997) as a strategy to enhance vocabulary acquisition in both first language and second language acquisition. However, there has not been much focus on the students’ perspectives of this strategy. The present study examines the learners’ perspectives of the use of vocabulary cards as a vocabulary learning strategy with special emphasis given to the use of drawing as a strategy. Data were collected via a questionnaire, in class observation and interviews with both learners and instructors. …

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The Effects Of Personality Traits On General Disclosiveness., Aaron Douglas Johnson Jan 2001

The Effects Of Personality Traits On General Disclosiveness., Aaron Douglas Johnson

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The purpose of this study was to examine the potential relationship between an individual’s temperament and her/his general disclosiveness. This study utilized Eysenck’s model of temperament and the Five Factor model of personality to predict an individual’s level of general disclosiveness and the sub-components of disclosiveness. The results indicated that both models were relatively equal predictors of general disclosiveness. Both models were moderately strong predictors of the valence and honesty dimensions of an individual’s disclosiveness. A moderately strong negative correlation between neuroticism and the valence dimension of disclosiveness was established. Finally, psychoticism and three factors (openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) of …

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Exploring Out-Of-Class Communication: The Development And Testing Of A Measure., Jennifer Lee-Ann Knapp Jan 2001

Exploring Out-Of-Class Communication: The Development And Testing Of A Measure., Jennifer Lee-Ann Knapp

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The purpose of this study was to examine out-of-class communication (OCC) between students and instructors. More specifically, the study was concerned with student immediacy, instructor immediacy, student affect for the course and affect for the instructor, and student motives for communicating with their instructors outside of the classroom. Participants were students enrolled in undergraduate communication classes at two institutions, Canisius College and West Virginia University. 218 participants completed surveys regarding the instructor they talked to the most outside of the classroom (e.g. during office hours, on campus, or around town). Results of the study show that OCC is positively and …

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Generational Factors And Resource Availability: A Study Of The Key Components Of Social Capital Formation., Jeffrey Jay Himes Jan 2001

Generational Factors And Resource Availability: A Study Of The Key Components Of Social Capital Formation., Jeffrey Jay Himes

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In this study, we join the discourse concerning social capital and its formation. Social capital has been identified as a key ingredient to the creation of interconnected community. We theorize that access to resources plays a more prominent role than does membership in a particular age set in the production of engaged and involved community members. In our study, we categorize individuals by age set and resource level and make comparisons between groups and upon individuals among the various (5) indicators of social capital. Our analysis of the Greater Kanawha Valley Foundation data implies that individuals who are resource low …

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A Non-Invasive Technique For Monitoring Miotic Eye Responses., Ahmed M. El-Sherbeeny Jan 2001

A Non-Invasive Technique For Monitoring Miotic Eye Responses., Ahmed M. El-Sherbeeny

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The eye is a very sensitive organ of the human body, and is subject to many hazards that may cause disorders such as miosis. Thus non-costly, non-invasive, safe methods for pupil assessment and monitoring are of the essence. Proposed is a simple eye scanning mechanism that periodically reports whether the pupil has experienced miosis or dilatation due to an external illumination source. The process uses a Clanguage program to control the image-grabbing process, as well as determining the pupil constriction/dilation conditions. The program focuses on dynamically isolating the pupil by producing a threshold for it that varies with the measured …

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Controllability And Anxious Responding: Experimental Evaluation Using 20% Carbon Dioxide-Enriched Air., Michael J. Zvolensky Jan 2001

Controllability And Anxious Responding: Experimental Evaluation Using 20% Carbon Dioxide-Enriched Air., Michael J. Zvolensky

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Although emotional control maintains a central role in contemporary models of anxiety pathology, particularly panic disorder, there is little understanding about the ways in which specific control processes alter anxiety-related responding. In the present study, offset control over eight 20% carbon dioxide-enriched air administrations was experimentally manipulated in a large nonclinical population (n = 96) varying in anxiety sensitivity (high or low) and gender. Dependent measures included self-reported anxiety, affective reports of valence, arousal, emotional control, and physiological indices of heart rate and skin conductance. High anxiety sensitive participants who lacked offset control reported significantly greater elevations in self-reported anxiety, …

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The Relationship Of Motivation And Psychological Skills Of Senior Game Participants To Performance., Keiba Lynn Shaw Jan 2001

The Relationship Of Motivation And Psychological Skills Of Senior Game Participants To Performance., Keiba Lynn Shaw

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Involvement in physical activity and sports in the senior population has been shown within the literature to provide these athletes with improved health status and psychological benefits (McPherson, 1984). To date, few studies have examined psychological factors, such as motivation and psychological skills, in relation to senior athletes' participation in competitive sports. The sport psychology literature does include the measurement of the constructs of motivation and psychological skills via the use of the Athletic Coping Skills Inventory - 28 (ACSI-28) (Smith, Schultz, Smoll, & Ptacek, 1995) and the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) (Pelletier, Fortier, Vallerand, Tuson, Briere, & Blais, 1995) …

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Matewan Before The Massacre: Politics, Coal, And The Roots Of Conflict In Mingo County, 1793-1920, Rebecca J. Bailey Jan 2001

Matewan Before The Massacre: Politics, Coal, And The Roots Of Conflict In Mingo County, 1793-1920, Rebecca J. Bailey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

On May 19, 1920, gunshots rang through the streets of Matewan, West Virginia, in an event soon known as the “Matewan Massacre.” Most historians of West Virginia and Appalachia see this event as the beginning of a long series of events known as the second mine wars. This dissertation argues that this event was, rather, the culmination of an even longer series of events that unfolded in Mingo County, dating back at least to the Civil War, and setting the stage for the second mine war. Equally important, while it is outside the scope of this dissertation, the conflicts in …

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Flow In Golf: Motivation, Goal Orientation, And Challenge Determinant., Sei-Yi Oh Jan 2001

Flow In Golf: Motivation, Goal Orientation, And Challenge Determinant., Sei-Yi Oh

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between variables which were intrinsic motivation; goal orientation; skill level; challenge level; side-bets and flow experiences. The data were collected from golfers playing three different golf courses who volunteered to participate in this study. Ninety-one out of 117 participants answered all seven parts of questionnaires. The results of the multiple regression analysis were based on the ninety-one participants' questionnaires. Five hypotheses were addressed. The first hypothesis was that golfers who are more intrinsically motivated will experience higher levels of flow. The result of multiple regression analysis support hypothesis 1. The …

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The Perceptions Of Traditional And Nontraditional Students Toward The Level I Spanish Textbook., Tyrone Frederick Parker Jan 2001

The Perceptions Of Traditional And Nontraditional Students Toward The Level I Spanish Textbook., Tyrone Frederick Parker

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study posed ten hypotheses based on 13 pedagogical elements contained in the literature concerning the unique needs of nontraditional students. The study tested the hypotheses that traditional and nontraditional students' evaluation of the foreign language textbook would not differ based on gender, full-time or part-time status, age, having a high school diploma or a general equivalency diploma (GED), and grade point average. The textbook evaluation instrument chosen for this study was the Proficiency-Oriented Textbook Evaluation Form. It was chosen for this research study because of its proven usefulness in evaluating the value of foreign language textbooks and because all …

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Lifestyle Management: The Effects Of An Intensive Lifestyle Management Course On Behavioral, Psychological, Physiological, And Psycho-Behavioral Factors., Jeffrey Scott Pauline Jan 2001

Lifestyle Management: The Effects Of An Intensive Lifestyle Management Course On Behavioral, Psychological, Physiological, And Psycho-Behavioral Factors., Jeffrey Scott Pauline

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of an intensive one-week Lifestyle Management course on behavioral, psychological, physiological, and psycho-behavioral factors. The current study contained forty-five participants (N = 45) which included twenty-four individuals enrolled in the Lifestyle Management course (experimental group) and twenty-one matched individuals (control group). The experimental group experienced high-level wellness in the intensive one-week course of Lifestyle Management. The control group did not participate in the Lifestyle Management course or any other wellness course prior to the study. The experimental and control groups were evaluated at three time points: prior to entering the …

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The Impacts Of Technology On Interactivity In A Distance Learning Course., Christine Ann Peterson Jan 2001

The Impacts Of Technology On Interactivity In A Distance Learning Course., Christine Ann Peterson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined the impacts of technology on interactions in a distance learning course. This study was directed by three categories of research questions: (1) How does technology impact interactions overtime? (2) How does technology impact interactions at host versus remote sites? (3) How does technology impact interactions according to students' perceptions? The population consisted of 14 master's level students in a distance learning course delivered via video conferencing technology (two-way audio and video) at West Virginia University. The students were registered in a Family/Community/Rural Health Systems nursing course conducted during the summer, 2001. The course was delivered to two …

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Relationships Among Grammatical Accuracy, Discourse Features, And The Quality Of Second Language Writing: The Case Of Thai Efl Learners., Charuporn Pongsiriwet Jan 2001

Relationships Among Grammatical Accuracy, Discourse Features, And The Quality Of Second Language Writing: The Case Of Thai Efl Learners., Charuporn Pongsiriwet

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study attempted to combine the study of grammatical accuracy with the study of discourse features of second language writing. It was designed to investigate (1) the frequent types of grammatical errors in EFL writing; (2) whether there is a relationship between scores on grammatical accuracy and discourse features of writing; and (3) the effects of grammatical accuracy and discourse features on the evaluation of writing quality. The participants of the study consisted of 155 university freshmen majoring in agriculture, education, engineering, English, and general science who enrolled in Foundation English at Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus in Thailand. Data …

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Trauma, Criterion A, And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Scientific Utility And Definitional Validity., Kenneth Joseph Ruggiero Jan 2001

Trauma, Criterion A, And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Scientific Utility And Definitional Validity., Kenneth Joseph Ruggiero

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Research examining the relation between trauma and psychopathology has contributed to the identification of individuals who, following exposure to various potentially traumatic events (e.g., domestic violence, rape), may be at high risk for post-trauma difficulties (e.g., sleep disturbance, heightened displays of hypervigilant behavior). However, the validity of the definitional characteristics of trauma has not adequately been explored. For instance, few studies have targeted the extent to which reports of perceived life threat, injury, or peritraumatic responses of “horror,” “fear,” and “helplessness” are associated with various forms of trauma-relevant responding. Yet, reports of such subjective emotional responses and event characteristics are …

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An Assessment Of Assertion Skills Among Adults With Mild Mental Retardation., Vicki Ann Lumley Jan 2001

An Assessment Of Assertion Skills Among Adults With Mild Mental Retardation., Vicki Ann Lumley

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Although assertion is a topic that has been the focus of a great deal of research, little attention has been paid to assertive behavior and individuals with mental retardation. The purpose of the current study was to assess the assertion skills of adults with mild mental retardation using comparison samples of high assertive and low assertive college students. Indirect assessment measures (i.e., self-report), direct behavioral measures (i.e., role-play assessment), and social validity ratings (i.e., ratings of interpersonal attractiveness provided by blind raters) were used, and the results compared. Self-report assessment was found to be an acceptable method of evaluating assertion …

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The Job Satisfaction Level Of Chinese And Indian-Born Engineering Faculty At A Research I University., Susan Mary Madhavan Jan 2001

The Job Satisfaction Level Of Chinese And Indian-Born Engineering Faculty At A Research I University., Susan Mary Madhavan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to assess the job satisfaction level of Engineering faculty from India, Taiwan, and the People's Republic of China at a Research I University. Analysis was based on how academic rank, country of origin, or gender affected their level of job satisfaction and their degree of adjustment to the department, the college or the university as a whole. The following factors were assessed: teaching, research, recognition, workload, physical surroundings, reward systems, administration, collegiality and service. Structured interviews were conducted and taped of twenty faculty members at the study institution, detailing the above factors. An overall …

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The Effects Of Framing On Older And Younger Adults' Medical Decision-Making., Deborah Rettig Mckee Jan 2001

The Effects Of Framing On Older And Younger Adults' Medical Decision-Making., Deborah Rettig Mckee

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This 2 phase study was designed to explore age-related differences in medical treatment choices due to a framing effect (survival and mortality wording affecting the choice made) and due to the influence of physician recommendations. One hundred and thirty-seven older adults and 166 younger adults completed two medical treatment questionnaires, a demographic questionnaire, and a brief math quiz. In phase 1, the medical treatment questionnaire presented options for treatment of cancer (surgery and radiation) in mortality and survival wording. In phase 2, the treatment options were presented with and without a physician recommendation. Both older and younger adults made different …

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An Investigation Of The Relationship Between Saudi Teachers' Curriculum Perspectives And Their Preference Of Curriculum Development Models., Mansour A. Bin Salamah Jan 2001

An Investigation Of The Relationship Between Saudi Teachers' Curriculum Perspectives And Their Preference Of Curriculum Development Models., Mansour A. Bin Salamah

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Saudi teachers' curriculum perspectives and their preference of curriculum development models. The sample of the study consisted of science, math, and social studies teachers who taught in elementary, middle, and secondary schools in the Riyadh District of Saudi Arabia. The data were randomly collected from 423 teachers by utilizing a questionnaire. The questionnaire was composed of three parts. The participants were asked to determine their preference of the three curriculum perspectives and the three curriculum development models that were based on: Essentialism-Behaviorism, Pragmatism-Cognitivism, and Existentialism-Humanism. Frequencies, percentages, and means …

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A Study Of The Relationship Between Characteristics Of Faculty Members In West Virginia Colleges And Their Level Of Implementation Of Information Technology., Andrew Neale Blackwood Jan 2001

A Study Of The Relationship Between Characteristics Of Faculty Members In West Virginia Colleges And Their Level Of Implementation Of Information Technology., Andrew Neale Blackwood

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined the relationships between characteristics of faculty members in West Virginia colleges and their level of information technology (IT) implementation. A one-shot case study research design was used to investigate the connection between the faculty members' gender, age, years of experience, academic discipline, rank, amount of computer education, computer access, Internet access, job satisfaction, and their level of IT implementation. The specially designed Computer Usage Survey was mailed to a randomly selected sample of 95 faculty members; responses were received from 64 (67%) faculty members. Data analysis identified statistically significant relationships between the faculty members' gender, years of …

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An Analysis Of Quality Of Life, Income Distribution And Rural Development In West Virginia., James Obadiah Bukenya Jan 2001

An Analysis Of Quality Of Life, Income Distribution And Rural Development In West Virginia., James Obadiah Bukenya

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The term quality of life has been described as a vague entity (Grayson and Young, 1994) and conceptualizing it, has proved to be difficult. Nevertheless, understanding how individuals form their needs to create life satisfaction is important because these subjective evaluations determine life adjustment and mobility behavior and is the basis of demand for public actions. Additionally, more effective social programs can be designed based on the knowledge of how individuals form their needs to create life satisfaction and avoid problems that may result because the perceptions of the planners and policy makers do not always coincide with those of …

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A Religious Conflict In Education: The King's College Controversy As A Historical Precedent To Separation Of Church And State, 1752-1756., Thomas Edward Carney Jan 2001

A Religious Conflict In Education: The King's College Controversy As A Historical Precedent To Separation Of Church And State, 1752-1756., Thomas Edward Carney

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The King's College controversy (1752-1756) was a battle for control of the first college in colonial New York. The historical experience of the province, from its founding by the Dutch until the 1750s, had generated an expectancy of religious freedom among the religious and ethnically diverse population. These people envisioned a non-sectarian college, but members of the Anglican church under the leadership of the Reverend Samuel Johnson (who would be the first president of the college) moved to exert control over the college. The opponents of the Anglicans, led by William Livingston, carried on an extensive attack on the Anglican …

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Rocky Mountain National Park: History And Meanings As Constraints To African-American Park Visitation., Elizabeth B. Erickson Jan 2001

Rocky Mountain National Park: History And Meanings As Constraints To African-American Park Visitation., Elizabeth B. Erickson

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The purpose of this study is to examine history and park meanings as constraints to visitation to Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP) by the African-American community. Thirty-six one-hour interviews were conducted in Denver, Colorado with African-American participants who resided in the city. In addition eleven, fifteen-minute interviews were conducted with African-Americans while visiting Rocky Mountain National Park. Over the course of the interviews, participants discussed their current and past relationship with Rocky Mountain National Park, the meanings they ascribed to the park, and their perceived constraints to park visitation. Snowball sampling was used, the data was transcribed verbatim, and content …

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An Expanded Model Of Adolescent Caregiving: Its Efficacy And Relation To Adolescent Problem Behavior., Lesley Anne Epperly Cottrell Jan 2001

An Expanded Model Of Adolescent Caregiving: Its Efficacy And Relation To Adolescent Problem Behavior., Lesley Anne Epperly Cottrell

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Despite annual fluctuations in the exact percentages of adolescents in the United States who are involved with problem behaviors such as alcohol consumption, unprotected sexual intercourse, and illicit drug use over the past decade, a large proportion of youth have been introduced to, and continue to engage in these behaviors. In response, researchers and clinicians have continued their search for variables that are correlated with adolescent risk involvement including variables within the family context. Previous research has linked parental monitoring (i.e., knowledge of an adolescent's whereabouts and activities) and parents' appropriate modeling of behaviors to reduced adolescent risk involvement. Problem …

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Improving Medication Adherence For Children With Asthma: Objective Monitoring And Feedback As An Intervention For Inhaled Corticosteroid Use., Scott Allen Spaulding Jan 2001

Improving Medication Adherence For Children With Asthma: Objective Monitoring And Feedback As An Intervention For Inhaled Corticosteroid Use., Scott Allen Spaulding

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Nonadherence to asthma medication is a persistent problem. Contingency management has been used to improve pediatric compliance to inhaled corticosteroids. But token systems require time and attention to design and maintain, creating a challenge for busy outpatient clinics. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention that might more easily be implemented by medical staff and parents: objective monitoring of medication use and feedback regarding errors in technique and compliance as an intervention to improve children's adherence to inhaled corticosteroids. Pediatric patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma for at least 6 months, receiving long-term corticosteroid …

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An Application Of Complexity Theory To The Development Of Web-Based Education At A University In The United States., Daniel Nickles Huck Jan 2001

An Application Of Complexity Theory To The Development Of Web-Based Education At A University In The United States., Daniel Nickles Huck

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This study examines the perceptions of higher education administrators concerning the activities related to the implementation of web-based education at a university in the United States during the 1990's. In pursuing an Orientational Qualitative Inquiry, I conducted ethnographic interviews during calendar year 2000 of academic affairs and information technology professionals, and I reviewed relevant documentation related to the university's web-based education efforts. I initially employed an a priori theoretical framework based on Loosely Coupled Systems Theory to guide my data collection, but my analysis of data led me to adopt Complexity Theory to adequately explain my findings. More specifically, I …

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Putting West Virginia Middle Schools To The Test: Implementation Of Key Practices As A Predictor Of School Achievement., Thelma Mae Isaacs Jan 2001

Putting West Virginia Middle Schools To The Test: Implementation Of Key Practices As A Predictor Of School Achievement., Thelma Mae Isaacs

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The purpose of this study was to provide an accurate description of the status of middle schools in the state of West Virginia and to determine the relationship that exists between the degree of implementation of key middle level practices and school achievement level when controlling for school location, school size, student body socioeconomic status, and student body race/ethnicity. Seventy-eight West Virginia middle schools contributed data for the study. Each school principal completed the Survey of Middle School Implementation Levels, which was used to measure the degree of implementation of key middle level practices. School achievement data, aggregated to the …

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Research Article Introductions In Thai: Genre Analysis Of Academic Writing., Chalermsri Jogthong Jan 2001

Research Article Introductions In Thai: Genre Analysis Of Academic Writing., Chalermsri Jogthong

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This study presents an analysis of research article introductions (RAIs) written in Thai by Thai academic writers. The analysis is based on 40 Thai RAIs taken from Thai journals in educational and medical fields. The rhetorical characteristics and linguistic features of the RAIs are examined using the CARS model proposed by Swales (1990). The results show that the pattern of studied RAIs supports the general framework presented by Swales but the specific steps in the introductions are less consistent with the model. The Thai writers avoided criticizing and evaluating the works of others. They adopted different strategies in establishing a …

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An Assessment Of The English-Language Needs Of Second-Year Thai Undergraduate Engineering Students In A Thai Public University In Thailand In Relation To The Second-Year Eap Program In Engineering., Patama Kittidhaworn Jan 2001

An Assessment Of The English-Language Needs Of Second-Year Thai Undergraduate Engineering Students In A Thai Public University In Thailand In Relation To The Second-Year Eap Program In Engineering., Patama Kittidhaworn

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This study was to investigate the English-language needs of 182 second-year Thai undergraduate engineering students in a Thai public university in Thailand for their study in their second-year English program in engineering. A two-part self-assessment questionnaire was constructed based upon the previous research on the English-language needs of English as a Second Language (ESL)/English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students, particularly in Science and Technology in relation to English for Academic Purposes (EAP). The first part of the questionnaire asks for their demographic variables: gender, specialty, years of studying English in the school(s), and self-reported English proficiency in Listening, Speaking, …

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An Investigation Of Teachers' Temperament And Students' Perceptions Of Teachers: Communication Behavior And Students' Attitudes Toward Teachers., Kristin Marie Valencic Jan 2001

An Investigation Of Teachers' Temperament And Students' Perceptions Of Teachers: Communication Behavior And Students' Attitudes Toward Teachers., Kristin Marie Valencic

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined relationships among the way teachers communicate in the classroom, teachers temperaments, and perceptions of teachers by students. Specifically, the first goal was to determine to what extent a teacher's levels of extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism can predict students perceptions of task attraction, immediacy, assertiveness, responsiveness, and credibility. The second goal was to determine the relationships between teacher temperament and teacher evaluations, affective learning, and cognitive learning. Self-report surveys of 52 teachers and 1242 students across seven disciplines at West Virginia University were collected. Instructors received measures of extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism. Teachers were asked to rate themselves …

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