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Articles 1231 - 1260 of 3022
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Attenuation Of Spatial Memory Impairment In A Tau Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease With Riluzole, Daniel S. Weitzner
Attenuation Of Spatial Memory Impairment In A Tau Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease With Riluzole, Daniel S. Weitzner
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Individuals at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) often demonstrate hyperactivity in areas of the memory network, such as the hippocampus, prior to AD diagnosis. Evidence suggests that this hyperactivity might be a contributing factor to the development of AD. Tau, a protein responsible for binding and maintaining microtubules, has been implicated as a factor in hyperactivity, potentially through its alterations in glutamate signaling. Glutamate, the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, is essential for learning and memory. However, excess glutamate that accumulates in the synapse can lead to neuron loss and eventual behavioral impairments. Recently, our lab …
Appalachian Adolescents' Identity And Agency: An Ethnographic Exploration Of How Local Culture And Social Class Matter In The Postsecondary Transition, Brandi Slider Weekley
Appalachian Adolescents' Identity And Agency: An Ethnographic Exploration Of How Local Culture And Social Class Matter In The Postsecondary Transition, Brandi Slider Weekley
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study details a one year critical, ethnographic examination of the postsecondary transitions of six West Virginia high school seniors. The work explores how social class and local culture mattered in the postsecondary transition for students from a range of social and economic backgrounds. Figured Worlds Theory (Holland, et al., 1998) was used to explore how students' identities were constructed from the world around them and enacted as students agentively moved through the postsecondary transition. Attention was paid to the hollowing out of rural spaces and how this happens in West Virginia as a product of deindustrialization and educational policy …
A Descriptive Study Of Ncaa Life Skills Programs In The Big Ten Conference, Marc Joseph Williams
A Descriptive Study Of Ncaa Life Skills Programs In The Big Ten Conference, Marc Joseph Williams
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purposes of this study were: (1) To determine if Life Skills Programs exist in all of the 14 Big Ten Schools, (2) To determine if the NCAA Division I-A Life Skills Commitment Statements were utilized at all the Big Ten Schools and (3) To determine how Big Ten administrators perceived Life Skills Programs are across all 14 Big Ten Universities.;It was anticipated that all Big Ten colleges had a Challenging Athletes' Minds for Personal Success Life Skills Program on their campus. All Big Ten Life Skills administrators perceived their programs to be effective.;A written questionnaire based on the literature …
Emotion Regulation Flexibility And Illicit Substance Use Among Adolescents, Chit Yuen Yi
Emotion Regulation Flexibility And Illicit Substance Use Among Adolescents, Chit Yuen Yi
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of the present study was to investigate how emotion regulation (ER) flexibility was related to illicit substance use among adolescents. The hypotheses were that higher levels of ER flexibility (indicated by higher levels of context sensitivity, a larger ER repertoire, and higher levels of responsiveness to feedback about ER) would be associated with lower levels of substance use, fewer substance-related problems, and lower tendency to use substances in emotion-laden situations. In an online survey, adolescent participants (aged 18 - 20; M = 19.00; SD = 0.74; 77.1% female) answered questions about emotion regulation, illicit substance involvement and other …
Interactions Of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Colletotrichum Acutatum And Trap Crops In Organic Tomato Production, Robert James Voshell
Interactions Of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Colletotrichum Acutatum And Trap Crops In Organic Tomato Production, Robert James Voshell
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Colletotrichum spp. (Ascomycota) cause anthracnose of tomato fruits (Solanum lycopersicum). Halyomorpha halys, the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is an invasive insect that injures tomato fruits with a piercing/sucking mouthpart.;To determine if H. halys feeding increases incidence of anthracnose on tomato fruit, five experiments were conducted. A 21-day transmission study was performed using detached fruits inside plastic containers in an incubator at 22°C. Tomato fruits receiving stink bugs with Colletotrichum inoculum had significantly higher anthracnose incidence than fruit receiving Colletotrichum inoculum only. A treatment using infested stink bugs (H. halys was placed in a petri dish of sporulating C. …
Evaluating Changes In Knowledge, Beliefs, And Behaviors Associated With Hpv Following An Educational Intervention Among Women, Crystal Sheaves
Evaluating Changes In Knowledge, Beliefs, And Behaviors Associated With Hpv Following An Educational Intervention Among Women, Crystal Sheaves
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Background: Prevalence of HPV is estimated to be 10-15% Americans. HPV is recognized as the causative agent in 99.7% of all cervical cancers. In 2006, a vaccine was released to prevent specific types of HPV that cause cervical cancer. Despite demonstrated vaccine safety and efficacy, vaccine rates are still low at less than 20% among women 18-26 years old. Vaccine uptake may be impacted by women's HPV knowledge and beliefs.;Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in women's knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors associated with HPV following an educational intervention study. Specifically, the study was designed to evaluate …
Synergistic Inhibition Of Cyclooxygenases And Monoacylglycerol Lipase In Neuropathic Pain, Molly S. Crowe
Synergistic Inhibition Of Cyclooxygenases And Monoacylglycerol Lipase In Neuropathic Pain, Molly S. Crowe
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Neuropathic pain is caused by altered nerve function that often presents as allodynia, which is the painful perception of typically non-noxious stimuli. Neuropathic pain is commonly treated with GABA analogues, steroids, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs inhibit one or more cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes and are effective, commonly used analgesics that have relatively fewer side effects than other treatments. However, chronic cyclooxygenase inhibition also causes gastrointestinal inflammation and increased risk of cardiac events. Like NSAIDs, cannabinoids have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties and reduce neuropathic pain in preclinical models. The present study investigated the analgesic effects of inhibiting both monoacylglycerol lipase …
Acute Sleep Organization Following Unanesthetized Circumcision Of Neonates, Margeaux M. Gray
Acute Sleep Organization Following Unanesthetized Circumcision Of Neonates, Margeaux M. Gray
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Sleep changes in response to environmental pressures and the needs of individuals. The adaptability of sleep is noticeable following largely stressful or adverse events, and is understood to facilitate recovery. Rapid changes in sleep occur in-utero, during the days following birth, and across the first few postnatal years. These rapid changes are considered adaptive and indicative of normal and healthy development. Elective surgical intervention, such as circumcision, may influence the organization and quality of sleep during this developmentally sensitive period. Neonates undergoing circumcision, a prevalent procedure in the U.S. (American Academy of Pediatrics Circumcision Policy Statement [AAP], 1999, 2005, 2012), …
An Examination Of Job Satisfaction Related To Generational Cohorts And Faculty Status Of West Virginia University Extension Service County Faculty, Susan K. Gamble
An Examination Of Job Satisfaction Related To Generational Cohorts And Faculty Status Of West Virginia University Extension Service County Faculty, Susan K. Gamble
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Retention of county Extension faculty has been identified as a significant challenge facing the Extension Service system across the country (ECOP LAC, 2005). There are several influences that contribute to employee turnover in the Extension Service, including: burnout, dissatisfaction with pay related to the amount of time worked, downsizing, long and abnormal work hours including nights and weekends, balancing work and family, and job stress (Boltes, Lippke, & Gregory, 1995; Bradley, Driscoll, & Bardon, 2012; ECOP LAC, 2005; Ensle, 2005; Fetsch & Kennington, 1997; Kutilek, Conklin, & Gunderson, 2002; Rousan & Henderson, 1996). Within their positions, Extension personnel are required …
Developing An Intergroup Anxiety Toward Muslims Scale, Patricia Hopkins
Developing An Intergroup Anxiety Toward Muslims Scale, Patricia Hopkins
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Understanding intergroup relations and the anxiety that can result has become increasingly relevant to interactions between Muslim and non-Muslim individuals due to current tensions between Islamic groups and many Western nations (e.g., acts of terrorism in Madrid and London, the U.S. War on Terror). Furthermore, the anticipated increase in migration from the Middle East and North Africa to Western countries will undoubtedly lead to increased contact between Muslim and non-Muslim groups. In order to improve intergroup relations and reduce potential conflict between groups, it is important to understand factors that influence intergroup contact. One such factor is intergroup anxiety, or …
Why And How Organizational Members Encourage Their Peer Coworkers To Voluntarily Exit The Organization: An Investigation Of Peer-Influence Exit Tactics, Michael Sollitto
Why And How Organizational Members Encourage Their Peer Coworkers To Voluntarily Exit The Organization: An Investigation Of Peer-Influence Exit Tactics, Michael Sollitto
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Previous scholars have found that organizational members use various tactics to encourage their peer coworkers to voluntarily exit their organizations. These tactics are known as peer-influence exit tactics. What has been missing from the literature is clarity about the factors that influence organizational members' use of peer-influence exit tactics. This dissertation explored the construct of peer-influenced exit to develop greater clarity about the motives for encouraging peer coworkers to leave, the characteristics of the peer-influence exit tactic source and receiver, and the organizational influences on peer-influenced exit. Study 1 used an open-ended survey design to explore the motives, process, and …
Psychosocial Predictors Of Breast Awareness Behaviors, Carol Goulet
Psychosocial Predictors Of Breast Awareness Behaviors, Carol Goulet
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Whether women should practice breast self-examination (BSE) has been debated for decades. Current guidelines promote understanding how one's breasts normally look and feel through the practice of BSE or informal self-examination practices (referred to as breast awareness). This study investigated how modern women practice breast awareness behaviors, and how personal, theoretical, and psychosocial constructs influence engagement in these behaviors. Data from 626 women without a history of breast cancer were used to investigate associations between psychosocial variables (e.g., anxiety, body dissatisfaction, cancer fatalism; religious beliefs and participation) and breast awareness behaviors (BSE frequency and proficiency, frequency of checking for lumps, …
Supervisee Experiences Of Impression Management, The Supervisory Working Alliance, And Counseling Self-Efficacy, Jennifer M. Haist
Supervisee Experiences Of Impression Management, The Supervisory Working Alliance, And Counseling Self-Efficacy, Jennifer M. Haist
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Supervision plays a vital role in fostering competent, ethical and effective counseling psychologists. However, studies have shown that supervisees act in ways that counteract the benefits of supervision. Trainees manage supervisor impressions to the detriment of their professional growth; they withhold information that would help supervisors promote learning, clarify misunderstandings, gain insight into supervisee weaknesses and strengths, and provide feedback that would enhance supervisee competence. Supervisee nondisclosure is a particularly prevalent impression management behavior documented in the supervision literature (Hill, Thompson, & Corbett, 1992; Ladany et al., 1996). It and other forms of impression management may be particularly related to …
Active Consumerism: Measuring The Importance Of Crowdfunding Factors On Backers' Decisions To Financially Support Kickstarter Campaigns, Kevin M. Duvall
Active Consumerism: Measuring The Importance Of Crowdfunding Factors On Backers' Decisions To Financially Support Kickstarter Campaigns, Kevin M. Duvall
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this research is to explore what factors of projects on Kickstarter, a popular crowdfunding website, are most influential in the decision to financially support a project. This study used triangulated research methods to explore these factors. An online survey of people who had financially contributed to one or more Kickstarter projects was conducted to better understand what aspects of projects backers found most important. A series of in-depth interviews with people who have financially supported one or more Kickstarter campaigns was also conducted to add perspective about the reasons people had for backing the campaigns. Findings suggest …
The Roles Of Resilience And Perceived Discrimination In Sexual Minority Identity Integration, Peter Alexander Brown
The Roles Of Resilience And Perceived Discrimination In Sexual Minority Identity Integration, Peter Alexander Brown
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Although researchers and theorists have long moved away from public disclosure of sexual minority identity (i.e. coming out) as the theoretical apex of lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) identity development, it is still considered an important process of overall identity integration. Unfortunately public disclosure of sexual minority identity may be dependent upon the social environment in which disclosure occurs. Given the variable nature of social contexts, public disclosure across domains of social functioning may be problematic. Previous research has suggested that disclosure is in part more or less likely to occur based on individual appraisal of discriminative experiences (Meyer, 2013). …
Friendship Quality Of Early Adolescent Girls In Relation To Maternal And Paternal Parenting, Social Anxiety, And Interpersonal Skill, Joanna T. Prout
Friendship Quality Of Early Adolescent Girls In Relation To Maternal And Paternal Parenting, Social Anxiety, And Interpersonal Skill, Joanna T. Prout
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Social anxiety has been shown to negatively impact friendship quality across the lifespan, leading to relationships that are less intimate and emotionally supportive. In turn, lower friendship quality and lack of social support have been linked to increased risk for isolation and depression. Early adolescence is a period of transition when the basis of friendship shifts from the ability to be a good play partner to the ability to engage in more complex interpersonal skills such as self-disclosure, provision of emotional support, and assertiveness. The early adolescent period is also a time when levels of social anxiety increase as children …
Application Activities Designed To Prepare Preservice Special Education Teachers For Response And Prevention Of Bullying Behaviors, Crystal Smith
Application Activities Designed To Prepare Preservice Special Education Teachers For Response And Prevention Of Bullying Behaviors, Crystal Smith
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The effects of bullying on individuals involved in bullying situations (i.e., the bully, the target, and bystanders), has prompted nationwide interest in the field of education. Identifying students at-risk of being involved in bullying situations has led to awareness of high prevalence rates among students with disabilities. Understanding the potentially devastating effects of bullying on the academic, social, and emotional well-being of students with disabilities is disconcerting. Therefore, the goal of this study was to answer questions related to effectiveness of application activities designed to prepare preservice special education teachers for response and prevention of bullying behaviors. All activities related …
Stoking The Flames Of Wellness: An Exploration Of Factors That Influence West Virginia Firefighters' Health Behaviors, Chelsea B. Wooding
Stoking The Flames Of Wellness: An Exploration Of Factors That Influence West Virginia Firefighters' Health Behaviors, Chelsea B. Wooding
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The concern over health and wellness among firefighters in the US has escalated recently due to increasing obesity rates, on-duty cardiovascular event risk, and job stress. Besides unique aspects of the work, a number of other barriers to health and wellness have been identified within the firefighter culture. Using a qualitative approach with multiple sources of data, the current study sought to answer the question, "what impacts the health of firefighters in West Virginia?" Eight focus groups, and Photovoice data from nine participants were inductively analyzed using guidelines from consensual qualitative research. House tours were also done to provide ethnographic …
Experimentally-Induced Savoring And Its Impact On Positive Emotions, Cognitions, And Behaviors: Investigating Individual Differences In Effectiveness, Cara A. Palmer
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
By broadening cognitions and actions, positive affect increases our ability to engage in novel behaviors and build resources, which can lead to better social relationships, better health, more success, and increased resilience (Fredrickson, 2001). Thus, finding ways to increase and maintain positive affect and its broadening effects is essential. One way to up-regulate positive affect is by savoring, or actively trying to prolong or intensify a positive feeling. Although savoring is associated with a number of positive outcomes, the nature of the relationship between savoring, positive affect, and the resulting cognitive effects is not well explored. Furthermore, while some preliminary …
Age-Related Differences In The Experience Of Health Anxiety And Use Of Coping Strategies, Lindsay A. Gerolimatos
Age-Related Differences In The Experience Of Health Anxiety And Use Of Coping Strategies, Lindsay A. Gerolimatos
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The experience of heath anxiety among older and young adults is poorly understood. Most studies (e.g., Abramowitz & Moore, 2007; Gramling et al., 1996) have examined cognitions and behaviors associated with health anxiety, with little to no studies examining emotions and physiological arousal. The present study induced health anxiety in a laboratory setting with 36 older and 36 young adults by providing false health-related feedback. Outcome variables included physiological arousal (heart rate, blood pressure), self-reported arousal (distress, fear of body sensations), and self-reported emotions recorded across three periods: baseline, induction, and recovery. Repeated measures MANCOVAs were conducted with baseline measures …
The Politics Of Getting The Joke: The Effects Of Political Humor On Information Seeking Behavior, Bret Wilson
The Politics Of Getting The Joke: The Effects Of Political Humor On Information Seeking Behavior, Bret Wilson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Political humor plays a positive role in American democracy. It increases the political awareness and interest of the audience. There is a growing body of literature, both empirical and theoretical, that looks at role of political humor in American politics. In line with some of this literature, the present dissertation examines how The Colbert Report (in both video and single image meme formats) encourages the survey participants towards seeking more information about an important domestic issue: the fiscal cliff crisis.;Using two parallel experimental surveys, this dissertation empirically investigates the effect that political humor has on viewers. This dissertation tests whether …
Visualization And Analysis Tools For Neuronal Tissue, Michael Morehead
Visualization And Analysis Tools For Neuronal Tissue, Michael Morehead
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The complex nature of neuronal cellular and circuit structure poses challenges for understanding tissue organization. New techniques in electron microscopy allow for large datasets to be acquired from serial sections of neuronal tissue. These techniques reveal all cells in an unbiased fashion, so their segmentation produces complex structures that must be inspected and analyzed. Although several software packages provide 3D representations of these structures, they are limited to monoscopic projection, and are tailored to the visualization of generic 3D data. On the other hand, stereoscopic display has been shown to improve the immersive experience, with significant gains in understanding spatial …
Fashion Meets Twitter: Does The Source Matter? Perceived Message Credibility, Interactivity And Purchase Intention, Yijia Wang
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Through an online survey, this study explored the perceived source credibility of fashion industry Twitter messages with varying message sources (the brand itself, celebrity endorser, friend/acquaintance). Online interactivity and purchase intention of potential customers were also assessed to examine if a particular message source and its credibility increase the likelihood of online engagement with the message and customers' intention to purchase.;Findings indicate that of all source types, brands were perceived as most credible overall, as well as on dimensions of expertise, character, and attractiveness. Furthermore, there was a higher probability of respondents searching for additional information based on a tweet …
Motivational Factors Contributing To The Choice Of Agriculturally Related Careers, Lacey J. Sims
Motivational Factors Contributing To The Choice Of Agriculturally Related Careers, Lacey J. Sims
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examined the motivational factors of college students who have chosen to study in an agriculturally related field. A descriptive research design using an online questionnaire was used for this study to determine factors which influenced career choice. Likert scale items were used to determine how motivating certain factors were for respondents in influencing their decision to study in an agriculturally related field. The Likert items were divided into five constructs: family influence, self-motivation, experience, use of skills, and career opportunities. Items within the five constructs were further analyzed to discover the top five motivational factors identified in each …
Disclosure And Perceptions Of Social Support In Male Victims Of Child Sexual Abuse, Abigail Leslie
Disclosure And Perceptions Of Social Support In Male Victims Of Child Sexual Abuse, Abigail Leslie
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Child sexual abuse of males is a serious issue that is largely hidden in the United States because many victims never disclose the abuse. The literature review highlights the prevalence and severity of child sexual abuse of males and the negative effects non-disclosure has on the psychological well-being of the victim. The need to study factors affecting whether or not a male victim discloses is stressed, and social support is proposed to be an influencing factor. This study explored the impact of social support on disclosure status for male victims of child sexual abuse in parts of West Virginia and …
Functional Characterization Of Phosphodiesterase-4a In Behavior And Obesity, Rolf T. Hansen Iii
Functional Characterization Of Phosphodiesterase-4a In Behavior And Obesity, Rolf T. Hansen Iii
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Cognitive disorders such as depression, anxiety, and senescent-induced memory loss are a growing pandemic in the world. Anxiety is the most common psychiatric disorder in America, affecting upwards of 50 million people a year; depression has a lifetime prevalence of 20% of the population, and it's predicted pathological memory disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) will reach exponential levels by the year 2050. While there are treatments for anxiety and depression, far less success has been reached with therapeutics for AD. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) may be a potential novel target for future therapeutics aimed at combatting these psychiatric illnesses and neurodegenerative …
Preservice Physical Educators' Stress And Instructional Effectiveness, Jingyang Huang
Preservice Physical Educators' Stress And Instructional Effectiveness, Jingyang Huang
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The primary purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between preservice physical educators' stress and their instructional effectiveness. The study sample included 25 preservice physical educators in the Middle School Block and Secondary School Block in a Physical Education Teacher Education program located in the mid-Atlantic area of the United States. A demographic questionnaire, the Teacher Stress Scale, the West Virginia University Teaching Evaluation System, and interview questions were administered during preservice physical educators' practice teaching period. The results indicated that preservice physical educators' stress was negatively correlated with instructional effectiveness. Curriculum model and noise were reported as …
Polylactic Acid-Based Polymer Blends For Durable Applications, Adam Finniss
Polylactic Acid-Based Polymer Blends For Durable Applications, Adam Finniss
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
There has been considerable scientific interest in both research and commercial communities as of late in the area of biologically based or sourced plastics. As the consumption of petroleum rises and concerns about climate change increase, this field is likely to grow even larger. One bioplastic that has received a great deal of attention is polylactic acid (PLA). In the past, this material was used mainly in medical or specialty applications, but advancements in manufacturing have led to a desire to use PLA more widely, especially in durable applications. Unfortunately, PLA has several drawbacks that hinder more widespread usage of …
Effects Of Response-Independent Food Pellet Delivery On The Development Of Tolerance To The Rate-Decreasing Effect Of D-Amphetamine In Rats, Christopher A. Krebs
Effects Of Response-Independent Food Pellet Delivery On The Development Of Tolerance To The Rate-Decreasing Effect Of D-Amphetamine In Rats, Christopher A. Krebs
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The extent to which initial drug administration decreases the ability of an organism to obtain reinforcement can affect the development of behavioral tolerance. Environmental enrichment affects many drug-related phenomena, but its effects on the development of tolerance are not clear. The present study examined how enriching the environment by providing non-contingent food pellets during experimental sessions affects the development of tolerance to a dose of d-amphetamine that produces a loss in reinforcement. Lever pressing for food pellets was maintained under a multiple schedule consisting of two variable-interval (VI) 60-s components. One component was enriched by providing food pellets non-contingently under …
Does Cultural Self-Awareness Alter Instructional Design Decisions?, Antoinette Hando
Does Cultural Self-Awareness Alter Instructional Design Decisions?, Antoinette Hando
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This project looks at the influence background culture has on instructional designers. Current research supports the hypothesis that background culture affects learning preferences. This study approaches cultural background from the instructional designers' point of view. Using Hofstede's Model of Cultural Dimensions as a tool for understanding how culture influences our expectations in a classroom setting a survey was sent to subjects from various cultures to see if their design style correlated to the ranking given by Hofstede. The results were that background culture influenced the experiences of the participants and could be related to Hofstede's Model of Cultural Dimensions.