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Implementation Of Courseware For Internet Delivery, Sohail Ramzan Khan Dec 1998

Implementation Of Courseware For Internet Delivery, Sohail Ramzan Khan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A process centered environment for implementing courseware is presented. The proposed environment addresses some of the constraints in the existing state of the art technology, presently used for distance education. The environment interface is developed using MS FrontPage 98 web development software. The thesis describes the design and implementation of the environment, which is named WVUCT. WVUCT utilizes MS NetMeeting software as a mode for interacting with the students in many different ways. WVUCT uses MS FrontPage 98 for developing a web-based course. The course web once developed using the environment can be published to any httpd server for student's …


Nondestructive Testing Of Concrete Bridge Decks Using Ground-Penetrating Radar And The Chain Drag Method, Jerry J. Scheff Dec 1998

Nondestructive Testing Of Concrete Bridge Decks Using Ground-Penetrating Radar And The Chain Drag Method, Jerry J. Scheff

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis presents the findings of two different nondestructive techniques that are used for bridge deck analysis: the chain drag method and ground penetrating radar (GPR). The chain drag testing was performed in the laboratory with 23 simulated concrete bridge deck specimens. The specimens contained varying internal conditions such as with/without steel reinforcement and with air and water filled cracks. The tests were to determine if the chains could uncover the different characteristics of each specimen, and to see if the varying sizes of the three chains had any influence on the outcome of the results.;The GPR testing was performed …


Hydrothermal Aging Of Zeolite-Based Catalysts, Joongjai Panpranot Dec 1998

Hydrothermal Aging Of Zeolite-Based Catalysts, Joongjai Panpranot

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this study the RE-USY (Davision GO-40) FCC catalyst, a composite of RE-USY zeolite and alumina-silica gel matrix, was treated hydrothermally under simulated FCC regenerator conditions in a laboratory scale fluidized bed. Fresh and steam-aged catalysts were characterized by surface area reduction using the nitrogen BET and t-Plot surface area methods. The surface morphology was apparent from the scanning electron photomicrographs. An irreversible deactivation kinetic model developed earlier by Gardner.; S0- S/S0 ns=Ks t was applied to account for changes of surface area of the zeolite component as a function of time on stream, temperature and steam partial pressure. The …


Investigation Of The Formation Of Residual Ash On Candle Filters, Sharath J. Simha Dec 1998

Investigation Of The Formation Of Residual Ash On Candle Filters, Sharath J. Simha

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

When coal undergoes combustion, not all the carbon in the coal may be consumed. This is due to improper mixing of reactants, proximity of cold surfaces and the desire to operate combustors at lower temperatures. Depending on the type of coal and the operating conditions of the combustor, there may be about 4--6% of unburned carbon in the refuse. This unburned carbon is carried along in the flow of gases and ash. If the combustion gas products are to pass through a high temperature gas filtration system, ash and unburned carbon are deposited on the wall of a candle filter. …


Perturbation Studies Of Excitable Media, Lisa Elizabeth Seagraves Dec 1998

Perturbation Studies Of Excitable Media, Lisa Elizabeth Seagraves

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) based systems are probably the most often studied polymer gels due to their dramatic change in volume, swelling and deswelling. Since this system has the best response to pH between 4 and 7, the ferrocyanide-iodate-sulfite (FIS) reaction, which exhibits pH oscillations between 4 and 7.5 in a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR), is a good candidate for studies of oscillatory gel systems.;This work also focused on two dynamical phenomena in the ruthenium catalyzed Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction. One is self-organized criticality and the other is periodic forcing and how they can be studied with the BZ reaction. Self-organized criticality …


Identifying The Type And Appropriateness Of The Evaluations Of Selected Agriculturally Related Science And Technology-Based Usaid Projects Conducted Between 1985 And 1995, Allen E. Bayles Dec 1998

Identifying The Type And Appropriateness Of The Evaluations Of Selected Agriculturally Related Science And Technology-Based Usaid Projects Conducted Between 1985 And 1995, Allen E. Bayles

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A review of the literature indicated that baseline data that described how and what were being evaluated at the project level by agencies involved in third world development had not been published. This was a descriptive study using content analysis of the available evaluative reports for the USAID projects involved with the transfer of agriculturally-related technology identified in the National Science Foundation research project, Assessing the Literature on the Benefits of External Science and Technology Aid Assistance to Developing Countries (Pytlik, Vasudevan, Bayles & Spitznogle, 1997).;The research concludes that impact evaluations were not being conducted at the project level. While …


Language Imperialism Versus Linguistic Rights: The Case Of Native Americans., Jonathan Woodruff Maffay Jan 1998

Language Imperialism Versus Linguistic Rights: The Case Of Native Americans., Jonathan Woodruff Maffay

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

From the days of the Old Testament and Tower of Babel through the nineteenth century efforts to create artificial languages, the human race has longed for a universal language. Its purpose would be to bind the linguistically diverse people of the world into a cohesive whole. With English apparently well on its way to becoming just such a universal language, many people are now growing concerned at the prospect. For them English is an imperial language that threatens the world’s rich cultural and language complexity. Linguistic rights activists have now begun trying to counter this universalizing trend with language repair …


Innovative Ultrasonic Methodology For Fatigue Crack Detection In Steel Members., Reynold Franklin Jan 1998

Innovative Ultrasonic Methodology For Fatigue Crack Detection In Steel Members., Reynold Franklin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The primary objective of nondestructive testing and evaluation in metallic structural members is to identify and quantify damages and predict member behavior. In this aspect detection of fatigue cracks is of great importance. Steel bridge members are subjected to heavy loads and large number of cyclic stresses. Weak zones, such as near a weld, may eventually develop fatigue cracks. Currently, a major obstacle for ultrasonic field inspection for detecting fatigue cracks is surface preparation (removal of paint and rust). This research describes the development of an innovative ultrasonic testing methodology to detect fatigue cracks in uncoated, painted, and rusted steel …


Determining The Environmental Training Needs And Training Preferences Of Tribal Officials On Reservations In The United States., Jeeta Lakhani Saxena Jan 1998

Determining The Environmental Training Needs And Training Preferences Of Tribal Officials On Reservations In The United States., Jeeta Lakhani Saxena

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The problem of this research was to determine the priority environmental management training needs (drinking water, wastewater, and solid waste), classroom training system preferences and related cultural factors of Native American tribal officials with environmental responsibilities living on reservations in the United States. The researcher conducted telephone interviews with 18 tribal officials on reservations in diverse geographic areas of the United States to determine their classroom training preferences. These officials also responded to a mail/fax survey comprised of 28 statements describing their environmental responsibilities in the areas of drinking water, wastewater, and solid waste. Tribal officials indicated how important the …


Documentation: "Conversations: Picasso And His Paintings"., Sonda Folk Cheesebrough Jan 1998

Documentation: "Conversations: Picasso And His Paintings"., Sonda Folk Cheesebrough

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In planning and preparing a project for a Masters degree in Art Education my concerns and intentions were to design and implement a learning experience that would teach an art history topic and involve children in theatre production from the beginning stages to final production, integrating theatre as well as art history into the elementary art curriculum. This would involve designing a production in which the subject would be based in the area of art while the vehicle for the subject would be live theatre. Through this project I hoped to create a better and more memorable understanding of the …


The Impact Of Egalitarian Children's Literature On Occupational Sex Role Stereotyping In Kindergartners And First Graders., Robin Ann Mayer Jan 1998

The Impact Of Egalitarian Children's Literature On Occupational Sex Role Stereotyping In Kindergartners And First Graders., Robin Ann Mayer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study aimed to determine if reading children books about people in nontraditional occupations would decrease occupational sex role stereotyping. The study also attempted to identify correlations between students’ occupational sex role stereotyping and the following demographic variables: age, gender, parents’ socioeconomic status, mother’s employment, and traditionality of mother’s employment. One hundred twelve kindergartners and first graders from two rural schools in West Virginia were administered a questionnaire, as a pretest, to determine the degree of which they stereotype 14 occupations according to sex. Of the 14 occupations, 5 were traditionally female sex-typed, 7 were traditionally male sex-typed, and 2 …


The Relationship Between Student Characteristics And Math Achievement When Using Computer Spreadsheets., Jeanne Heindel Gasiorowski Jan 1998

The Relationship Between Student Characteristics And Math Achievement When Using Computer Spreadsheets., Jeanne Heindel Gasiorowski

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The use of computer hardware and software technology in schools is on the rise while there are increasing demands for success in mathematics by all students, despite diverse backgrounds. The problem is to determine the characteristics of students who most benefit from the use of spreadsheet software as a cognitive tool to assist them as they learn to organize and analyze data. For a period of six weeks, 114 seventh grade students received standard instruction in their mathematics classes in basic statistics/data analysis content. Concurrently, in a separate computer class, the students received instruction which focused on the use of …


Interactive Television Instructors' Perceptions Of Students' Nonverbal Responsiveness And Effects On Distance Teaching., Timothy Patrick Mottet Jan 1998

Interactive Television Instructors' Perceptions Of Students' Nonverbal Responsiveness And Effects On Distance Teaching., Timothy Patrick Mottet

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this study was to examine the relationships between interactive television instructors' perceptions of students' nonverbal responsiveness and their perceptions of distance students, teaching effectiveness, teaching satisfaction, teacher-student interpersonal relationships, and their preferring to teach in the interactive television classroom versus the traditional face-to-face classroom. The sample included 157 interactive television instructors who currently teach or have recently taught in both the traditional face-to-face and interactive television classrooms. All participants were mailed two identical surveys. One was to be completed on students in the traditional face-to-face classroom and the other in the interactive television classroom. The surveys contained …


The Role Of Amino Acids In The Transmembrane And Extra-Membranous Domains Of The S. Cerevisiae Iron Sulfur Protein In Its Activity And Stability In The Cytochrome Bc1 Complex., Suzelle Madeleine Amyot Jan 1998

The Role Of Amino Acids In The Transmembrane And Extra-Membranous Domains Of The S. Cerevisiae Iron Sulfur Protein In Its Activity And Stability In The Cytochrome Bc1 Complex., Suzelle Madeleine Amyot

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Rieske iron sulfur protein is a subunit of the cytochrome bc1 complex of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. It is hypothesized that electron transfer by the iron sulfur protein requires movement of a flexible "tether" region that connects the transmembrane portion of the protein to its extramembranous domain (Zhang et al., 1998). To determine which amino acid residues are important for catalysis and stability of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae iron sulfur protein, site-directed mutagenesis was performed on two charged residues adjacent to the proposed flexible region (lysine 93 to leucine and glutamate 95 to arginine). In addition, a hydrophobic residue …


The Effects Of Toothbrush Design On Bacterial Retention And Viability: A Preliminary Study., Heidi Lynn Dahmer Jan 1998

The Effects Of Toothbrush Design On Bacterial Retention And Viability: A Preliminary Study., Heidi Lynn Dahmer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

It is known that toothbrushes can harbor microorganisms. Researchers suggest replacing toothbrushes immediately following illness to reduce the possibility of microorganisms causing disease.1 The continuous use of a microbial-contaminated toothbrush may be potentially harmful to its user, especially if the user is medically compromised or immunosuppressed. Gingival irritation created during improper toothbrushing technique may result in portals of entry for bacteria to be introduced into the systemic circulation. This tissue damage is characterized by a break in the mucosal integrity permitting microbial invasion.1 Toothbrush bristle composition (i.e., texture, size, treatment, and placement) can also affect the amount of oral tissue …


The Influence Of Vegetative Incompatibility Genes On The Transmission Of Hypoviruses Between Strains Of Cryphonectria Parasitica., Clarissa Jacqueline Balbalian Jan 1998

The Influence Of Vegetative Incompatibility Genes On The Transmission Of Hypoviruses Between Strains Of Cryphonectria Parasitica., Clarissa Jacqueline Balbalian

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Double stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) in the virus family Hypoviridae can be effective agents for the biological control of chestnut blight, however, a vegetative compatibility system in Cryphonectria parasitica is a major barrier to hypovirus transmission in the diverse populations of this fungus in North America. Hypoviruses are carried in the cytoplasm of the fungus and can be transmitted by cytoplasmic exchange during hyphal anastomosis. Anastomosis in C. parasitica is controlled by at least five biallelic vegetative incompatibility genes (vic genes). Laboratory results show that heteroallelism at some vic genes is more likely to inhibit hypovirus transmission than heteroallelism at other …


The De/Re-Territorialization Of Struggle In Appalachia: The Legacy Of "Coal And Class" And The Cultural Politics Of Community., Stuart Lorkin Jan 1998

The De/Re-Territorialization Of Struggle In Appalachia: The Legacy Of "Coal And Class" And The Cultural Politics Of Community., Stuart Lorkin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Appalachia is a region that continues to represent a paradoxical place in the geographical imagination of its residents, scholars and popular writers. There is a long and well documented history of the often violent exploitation of its land and people, and a marginalized tradition of protest. The geography of economic, social and political development in the central core region is highly uneven, the product of tensions between raw material extraction such as coal, by capital, political control through an elite-state class, and variously organized social struggles. Studies of social movements within a cultural political framework provided a powerful mechanism of …


Identification And Characterization Of Sympathetic Neurons That Innervate Mesenteric Artery Or Vein In The Guinea-Pig., Zhongling Zheng Jan 1998

Identification And Characterization Of Sympathetic Neurons That Innervate Mesenteric Artery Or Vein In The Guinea-Pig., Zhongling Zheng

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Guniea-pig inferior mesenteric ganglion (IMG) neurons that innervate artery or vein were separate neurons and there was no double labeling (Fluorogold and rhodamine beads) in the labeled neurons. The arterial neurons located in the central part of the IMG whereas venous neurons located peripherally. The cross-sectional area of total somata of arterial neurons was smaller than those of venous neurons which were smaller than unlabeled neurons. NPY-IR was found in 18% of arterial neurons, but not in venous neurons. All of the labeled vascular neurons fired tonically using whole cell patch-clamp recordings. All three types of neurons received a capsaicin-sensitive …


The Relationships Among Hypermedia-Based Instruction, Cognitive Styles And Teaching Subject-Verb Agreement To Adult Esl Learners., Fuqiang Zhuo Jan 1998

The Relationships Among Hypermedia-Based Instruction, Cognitive Styles And Teaching Subject-Verb Agreement To Adult Esl Learners., Fuqiang Zhuo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examines the relationships among hypermedia-based instruction, cognitive styles, and teaching subject-verb agreement to adult ESL learners in order to find an effective approach to teach grammar which is a very thorny issue in the field of second and foreign language instruction and learning. Therefore, the effect of hypermedia on grammar instruction and learning is the main focus in this study. The treatment was the employment of hypermedia creating a new learning environment in which the adult ESL learners could be benefited from the advantages of new technology. Based on the current methodologies, approaches, and principles of second and …


Genotoxicity Studies Of Roofing Asphalt Fume Condensates In Mammalian Cells., Hongwei Qian Jan 1998

Genotoxicity Studies Of Roofing Asphalt Fume Condensates In Mammalian Cells., Hongwei Qian

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The specific aims of the present investigation were to determine the genotoxicity and potential carcinogenicity of WFC of Type I and Type III roofing asphalt by using different genetic endpoints in mammalian cells in vitro and in rat in vivo. Morphological transformation studies in cultured BALB/c-3T3 cells indicated that at concentrations that allow less than 50% survival, neither of the WFC, with or without the hamster liver S9 activation system, significantly increased foci formation in BALB/c-3T3 cells. The conventional and immunofluorescent staining MN assays showed that both types of WFC caused a significant increase in the frequency of MNC and …


Water Demand Management For Casablanca, Morocco., Mohamed Lahlou Jan 1998

Water Demand Management For Casablanca, Morocco., Mohamed Lahlou

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Water shortages could significantly curtail economic growth and development in Casablanca, Morocco. Conservation programs in Morocco have been implemented only occasionally, usually during a water shortage crisis arising either from technical reasons or from drought. Public awareness activities suffer from a lack of effectiveness and do not fulfill the desired objectives. The purposes of this study are to examine water consumption characteristics in Casablanca and develop approaches for water management to help assure that shortages will not undermine the prospects for sustainable economic development. Research procedures used were the development and estimation of water demand models for the residential/commercial, industrial, …


What Primary Care Physicians Need To Know About Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Delphi Of Experts And A Content Analysis., Barry Thomas Linger Jan 1998

What Primary Care Physicians Need To Know About Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Delphi Of Experts And A Content Analysis., Barry Thomas Linger

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurobiological condition characterized by developmentally inappropriate attention, impulsivity, and, in some cases, hyperactivity. ADHD is a growing problem in the United States educational system with an estimated 3 to 5 percent of the school-aged population, or approximately 2 million children and adolescents affected. Substantial scientific research has been conducted to examine the effectiveness of stimulant medication as a treatment for ADHD. Little research, however, has been conducted to examine the preparedness of physicians to diagnose, treat, and monitor children with ADHD. This study determined what essential knowledge, attitudes, and skills primary care physicians …


A Description Of The Instructional And Assessment Practices Of Selected Elementary Teachers., Mary D. Morris Jan 1998

A Description Of The Instructional And Assessment Practices Of Selected Elementary Teachers., Mary D. Morris

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Three distinct teachers, recognized by their administrators as excellent, were chosen to participate in a study designed to describe a recent phenomena in education. All three teachers were members of a faculty that was recognized as a Professional Development School in collaboration with the Benedum Foundation. Traditionally educators have looked to their local school district to provide continuing education. This professional development covers a wide range of topics and is given with a random approach. Recently there have been schools that have decided that their instruction and assessment could change to incorporate more alternative methods to accommodate a variety of …


Integrating Media And Information Technologies Through Professional Development Sessions., Paula Denise Nelson Jan 1998

Integrating Media And Information Technologies Through Professional Development Sessions., Paula Denise Nelson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Research has shown that teachers have limited knowledge on how to use technology in their instruction (Christmas, 1992). Teachers stated that they needed instruction and ample opportunities to try using computers in the classroom. The surge of technology in the classroom has extended many inservice teachers beyond their abilities and limits. Training is essential for teachers if technology is to be integrated in their teaching rather than merely to be used as drill and practice or a reward for students (Siegel, 1995). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a technology-based staff development program and the …


States And War Coalitions: A Case Study Of The Gulf War., George Sprowls Jan 1998

States And War Coalitions: A Case Study Of The Gulf War., George Sprowls

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation discusses the theoretical and empirical differences between war coalitions and alliances. It also provides some answers to the question: "Why do some nations choose to join war coalitions while other nations, in apparently similar circumstances, choose not to join?" At the systemic level of analysis, dependence on economic aid, membership in a formal alliance with a key participant, and proximity to the conflict are correlated with the level of participation in a war coalition. At the state level, the degree of democratization, levels of regime fragmentation and vulnerability, and the presence of statutory prohibitions against using military force …


Take Center Stage: The Perceived Effect Of Performance-Based Teaching Methodology On Students' Understanding Of Shakespeare's "A Midsummer Night's Dream"., Francene Davis Kirk Jan 1998

Take Center Stage: The Perceived Effect Of Performance-Based Teaching Methodology On Students' Understanding Of Shakespeare's "A Midsummer Night's Dream"., Francene Davis Kirk

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This descriptive study was undertaken to determine if the use of performance fostered understanding of A Midsummer Night's Dream, engagement with Shakespeare's text, independence from the teacher, and a positive attitude toward the study of Shakespeare's plays among 39 ninth grade students. In a typical 90 minute period, students read scenes and participated in performance activities followed by discussion or written assignments for 15 days. The students were divided into acting companies to perform a final scene. Acting company meetings and performance activities were recorded. Students completed questionnaires concerning their attitudes toward the study of Shakespeare's plays. Students were interviewed …


Identifying Barriers To Computer-Supported Instruction., Ragina Melton Copeland Jan 1997

Identifying Barriers To Computer-Supported Instruction., Ragina Melton Copeland

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study was designed to determine if 1996 high school seniors who enrolled at West Virginia University at Parkersburg in the fall of 1996 were receiving equal educational opportunity with a focus on computer access and usage. The data collection consisted of two major parts: surveying the students in the 7-county service area of WVUP and interviewing at least 5 teachers or other professional staff from among each of the 11 schools located in 7 different counties. The findings of the study showed that students did not enjoy equal access to computers and computer instruction and that a combination of …


Interface Load: Deformation Behavior Of Landfill Liner Systems Over Subsurface Cavities., Ghada Shaker Ellithy Jan 1997

Interface Load: Deformation Behavior Of Landfill Liner Systems Over Subsurface Cavities., Ghada Shaker Ellithy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The leachate collection system and the double liner required by the EPA for solid and hazardous waste landfills consist typically of a combination of geosynthetics materials and natural or processed soils. This research is conducted to study the load-deformation behavior of a multi layered landfill liner system under stresses imposed by the waste fill. Experimental and analytical work achieved in this research is summarized as follows: (1) Experimental Evaluation of the shear stress-shear deformation characteristics of seven geosynthetic interfaces encountered in landfill lining systems in addition to four geosynthetic materials and three soils. The investigated materials included: Ottawa sand, kaoline …


Isolation And Characterization Of The 22 Kd Subunit Of Gluconate Dehydrogenase Derived From Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Pao1., John David Gordon Jan 1997

Isolation And Characterization Of The 22 Kd Subunit Of Gluconate Dehydrogenase Derived From Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Pao1., John David Gordon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Approximately 95-99% of soil phosphorous is unavailable to plants, with {dollar}\\sim{dollar}90% of phosphate fertilizers also being rendered unavailable upon application. 2-Ketogluconate (2KG) has been shown to solubilize insoluble phosphates in vitro. If plants themselves could solubilize the insoluble phosphate in the soil, this would greatly reduce the need for phosphate fertilizers. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to examine in vitro and in situ solubilization of insoluble phosphates (calcium phosphate, RP, and iron phosphate, IP) with increasing concentrations of 2KG, as seen through plant (Lycopersicon esculentum) growth and Pi uptake. In the first experiment (in situ solubilization), water alone showed a …


The Development Of A Representative Policy For Student Use Of Campus Computer Networks At Research I And Ii Institutions., Jeffrey Scott Hale Jan 1997

The Development Of A Representative Policy For Student Use Of Campus Computer Networks At Research I And Ii Institutions., Jeffrey Scott Hale

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The campus computer network is available to students on nearly every university campus. Needing to know how to interact electronically as well as the potential to reach libraries throughout the world is well chronicled and is becoming a matter of students' common knowledge. Problems that can arise on a campus range from new ways to cheat to new methods of threatening to do harm. The purpose of this study then, was to develop a representative policy for student use of campus computer networks at Research I and II institutions. Separate surveys were sent to the chief student affairs and chief …