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Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

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Diffractive Optical Lens Design And Fabrication For Integrated Monitoring Of Microelectromechanical Lateral Comb Resonators, William Brent Mccormick Dec 2004

Diffractive Optical Lens Design And Fabrication For Integrated Monitoring Of Microelectromechanical Lateral Comb Resonators, William Brent Mccormick

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Analysis of fault characteristics and control of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) is becoming increasingly important as these devices are incorporated into safety critical systems. Mechanically decoupled monitoring techniques are needed to ensure that accurate, low-noise positional information is gathered from these devices during operation. Optical monitoring has been shown by various groups to be capable of achieving this goal. However, Integrated Optical Monitoring (IOM) must be achieved in order to enable incorporation with the MEMS die in a single package for effective lifetime system monitoring. This research addresses the design, fabrication and testing of diffractive optical elements (DOES) for achieving IOM. …

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Essays On The Economics Of Religion, Charitable Giving, And Youth Crime, Brian J. Osoba Aug 2004

Essays On The Economics Of Religion, Charitable Giving, And Youth Crime, Brian J. Osoba

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation includes essays on the application of economics to areas previously thought to be the domain of sociology, psychology, and political science. Chapter 1 introduces the paths that economics has blazed into the areas of religion, charitable giving, crime, and government formation. The second chapter examines the functions that risk and time preference play in the strength of an individual's religious belief. The results illustrate that individuals treat religion like other goods exhibiting uncertainty and a delayed expected future payoff. Chapter 3 investigates the role of prestige and warm glow in the market for charitable giving. The results indicate …

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Assessment Of A Novel Interview Technique For Improving Young Children's Forensic Reports, Rebecca G. Ryan Aug 2004

Assessment Of A Novel Interview Technique For Improving Young Children's Forensic Reports, Rebecca G. Ryan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The present study examined a novel interview technique and its effectiveness when administered to 3- to 7-year-old children. This novel interview technique isolated the effects of source-monitoring training (SMT). All of the children in the present study viewed a video of a magic show and after a one-week delay were asked both misleading and accurate questions about the magic show video. After another one-week delay the children were randomly assigned to either the SMT group or the control group. The SMT group received source-monitoring training prior to the final interview about the magic show video. The control group received no …

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Influence Of Rearrangement Of Actin Cytoskeleton On The Overall Material Properties Of Atdc5 Cells During Chondrogenesis, Madhavi V. S. Ayyalasomayajula Aug 2004

Influence Of Rearrangement Of Actin Cytoskeleton On The Overall Material Properties Of Atdc5 Cells During Chondrogenesis, Madhavi V. S. Ayyalasomayajula

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Studies show that when chondrocytes are cultured in 2D, they lose their phenotype. This change is reversed when the cells are embedded in a 3D culture system such as in agarose gel. Previous experiments in our lab showed that when prechodrocytic cells were embedded in agarose, chondrogenesis was triggered in these cells. This work attempts to understand the mechanical implications of this behavior. It also provides an estimate of the sensitivity of the apparatus that would be required to carry out compression loading experiments of gel-cell constructs that can distinguish between pre-chondrocytes and chondrocytes.;ATDC5 cells were cultured in 3D for …

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Effectiveness Of Trek-21 Model Of Professional Development On Changes In Teacher Practices With Respect To Instructional Technology Integration, Chifundo N. Lemani Aug 2004

Effectiveness Of Trek-21 Model Of Professional Development On Changes In Teacher Practices With Respect To Instructional Technology Integration, Chifundo N. Lemani

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between key factors of Trek-21 professional development model and resulting changes in teacher practices with respect to the integration of instructional technologies into participants' classrooms. The Trek 21 professional development was a three-year project designed to bring about a deep and lasting change in educators through the integration of instructional technologies. The project was funded as an implementation grant through the U.S. Department of Education's Preparing Tomorrow's Teachers to Use Technology (PT3) grant program. The Trek-21 professional development was developed around research-based practices that enabled participants to develop IT skills …

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Application Of Turning Point Theory To Communication Following An Acquired Disability, Katie Neary Dunleavy Aug 2004

Application Of Turning Point Theory To Communication Following An Acquired Disability, Katie Neary Dunleavy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Interpersonal relationships are affected when one relational partner acquires a disability. The acquisition of the disability is considered a turning point and the interest of this study is what occurs after the turning point. In particular, this study investigated the satisfaction, emotional support and solidarity of those who have acquired a disability in their life and one of their able-bodied relational partners. The stages of adjustment to a disability were also quantitatively analyzed. Both the participants who acquired a disability and their relational partners completed self-report measures. Difficulties in obtaining participants led to descriptive results. Challenges to a small participant …

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Effect Of Watering Regime And Media Components On The Production Of Organic Tomato Transplants, Melissa C. Vantine Aug 2004

Effect Of Watering Regime And Media Components On The Production Of Organic Tomato Transplants, Melissa C. Vantine

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In order to find appropriate methods to produce quality organic tomato transplants, tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. WV '63) seedlings were grown in four growing media containing various ratios of composted animal manure and were compared to transplants grown in a conventional peat-lite mix receiving synthetic fertilizers. These five media were watered according to eight watering regimes, including five watering levels and three watering regimes containing compost tea. Composted horse and cow manure can be used in part or instead of peat in organic potting mixes. The ratio of compost used will depend on characteristics of the compost and will also …

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Diet, Physical Activity, And Television Viewing In Relation To The Body Weight Status Of West Virginia Adolescents, Kimberly M. Morris Aug 2004

Diet, Physical Activity, And Television Viewing In Relation To The Body Weight Status Of West Virginia Adolescents, Kimberly M. Morris

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Context. The obesity epidemic is now threatening youth. Yet little is known regarding the factors associated with adolescent weight status.;Objective. To determine whether dietary intakes, physical activity, and hours spent viewing television are related to the body weight status of West Virginia adolescents.;Design, setting, and participants. This descriptive study included survey, diet recall, and body mass index data from 1,036, 14--20 year olds attending West Virginia high schools during the years 2002 to 2003.;Results. Overweight students consumed less kilocalories (∼378) (P < .001), less servings of total grains (P < .01) and a greater percentage of their energy from protein (P = .01). A significantly less amount of overweight students reported participating in strengthening/toning physical activities on three or more days of the week (P < .01).;Conclusion. Overweight adolescents within the state of West Virginia appear more likely to restrict their energy intake rather than exercise to lose weight. Thus, public health intervention strategies to help these students reach a healthy weight while maintaining adequate nutrition are imperative.

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Ctp Synthase And Transporter Function In Coxiella Burnetii, Jeffrey D. Miller Aug 2004

Ctp Synthase And Transporter Function In Coxiella Burnetii, Jeffrey D. Miller

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Coxiella burnetii is a gram negative, obligate intracellular parasite that can only replicate in the acidified environment of a phagosome. Like other intracellular parasites, C. burnetii depends on the host cell for many of the substrates required for growth, such as amino acids. It had been observed that avirulent C. burnetii Nine Mile strain (Phase II) organisms in BHK-21 fibroblasts displayed improved growth when extracellular cytidine was introduced to infected cultures. This improved growth was not observed in wild type organisms in the same cell system. This observation, coupled with early enzyme activity studies, suggested that Phase II organisms had …

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Stereotypical Perceptions Of The Communication Behaviors Of Gay Males, Daniel W. Brewster Aug 2004

Stereotypical Perceptions Of The Communication Behaviors Of Gay Males, Daniel W. Brewster

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined the stereotypical communication behaviors of gay males. The study examined the associations of assertiveness, responsiveness, homonegativity and biological sex. Participants were 359 (195 men, 164 women) students. Participants provided responses to questions about verbal and nonverbal behaviors for known gay individuals and individuals perceived to be gay. The participants then completed the Assertiveness-Responsiveness Measure (Richmond & McCroskey, 1990) in a self-report and observer-report, and the Modern Homonegativity Scale (Morrison & Morrison, 2002). Results indicated some of the more predominant responses to verbal and nonverbal behaviors are inconsistent with the prevalent societal perceptions of homosexuality. Significant associations between …

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Effects Of Various Phytase Concentrations In Diets With Low-Phytate Corn On Broiler Chick Performance And Metabolism, Nicole J. Baker Aug 2004

Effects Of Various Phytase Concentrations In Diets With Low-Phytate Corn On Broiler Chick Performance And Metabolism, Nicole J. Baker

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Research indicates a reduction of phosphorus content in fecal excreta with the supplementation of phytase to corn-soybean meal based diets or with the use of low phytate corn (LPC) in broilers. This study examined how 0--3 wk broiler chicks are impacted by concomitant phytase supplementation with LPC (0.136% phytate phosphorus (PP) by analysis) in the diet. Various levels of phytase from either 2500 or 5000 FYT/g of Peniophora lycii phytase product were used as experimental treatments. Efficacy of treatments was determined using a response curve created with increasing levels of monocalcium phosphate. Following a 6-day pretest, 576 broiler chicks were …

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Nutrient Remobilization During Development And Senescence Of Petunia X Hybrida Floral Organs, Karyn L. Smith Aug 2004

Nutrient Remobilization During Development And Senescence Of Petunia X Hybrida Floral Organs, Karyn L. Smith

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Fresh weight, dry weight, and macronutrient content of corollas, ovaries, and styles were measured during the development and senescence of several wild-type and transgenic Petunia x hybrida plants. Flowers of age-related senescence exhibited growth, maintenance, and senescence phases during development. Flowers terminated by pollination-induced senescence exhibited only growth and senescence phases. Fresh and dry weight of Mitchell, V26, and SAG12-IPT corollas followed patterns previously observed in climacteric flowers. SAG12-IPT, a cytokinin overproducing plant, exhibited a prolonged maintenance phase compared to V26. A temporary increase in fresh weight, dry weight, and macronutrients of Mitchell corollas occurred at the expected onset of …

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Recruitment Strategies Used By High School Agriculture Education Teachers In West Virginia, Danny R. Dewhurst Aug 2004

Recruitment Strategies Used By High School Agriculture Education Teachers In West Virginia, Danny R. Dewhurst

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Recruitment is the act of enrolling new members as well as keeping current levels of members or students. Questionnaires were sent to all agricultural education teachers in West Virginia to determine what strategies were being used to maintain and increase enrollment in agriculture education programs throughout West Virginia. The first questionnaire was sent to 97 agricultural education teachers asking them to list recruiting activities that they used to promote their programs. A second questionnaire was sent asking them to rate the effectiveness of recruitment activities they have participated in over the past four (4) years. Forty-six secondary agricultural education teachers …

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Synchronization Of Spatiotemporal Patterns And Modeling Disease Spreading Using Excitable Media, Jianxia Cui Aug 2004

Synchronization Of Spatiotemporal Patterns And Modeling Disease Spreading Using Excitable Media, Jianxia Cui

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Studies of the photosensitive Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction are reviewed and the essential features of excitable media are described. The synchronization of two distributed Belousov-Zhabotinsky systems is experimentally and theoretically investigated. Symmetric local coupling of the systems is made possible with the use of a video camera-projector scheme. The spatial disorder of the coupled systems, with random initial configurations of spirals, gradually decreases until a final state is attained, which corresponds to a synchronized state with a single spiral in each system. The experimental observations are compared with numerical simulations of two identical Oregonator models with symmetric local coupling, and a …

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Metal -Surface Reactions In Mixed Aqueous Organic Solvents, Rafif K. Srour Aug 2004

Metal -Surface Reactions In Mixed Aqueous Organic Solvents, Rafif K. Srour

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The effect of mixed aqueous-organic solvents on exchange and adsorption reactions onto clay minerals is examined in this study while accounting for the effect of cosolvents on metal solution properties, ionic activity and complexation. In the absence of published values, a determination of the primary association constant of selected ions in solution was conducted using conductometric methods. These stability constant values were used to correct for ion-pairing in the exchange and the adsorption experiments. A spectrophotometric determination of pH was accomplished through the quantification of the conditional dissociation constants, sKI, of two indicators (methyl red and phenol red) at constant …

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Rna Analysis As A Method To Determine The Age Of A Biological Sample, Stacey E. Anderson Aug 2004

Rna Analysis As A Method To Determine The Age Of A Biological Sample, Stacey E. Anderson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

DNA analysis by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) allows for the unambiguous identification of the person from whom a biological sample was derived but provides no information about when the sample was deposited. The ability to determine the age of blood or a biological sample would be of significant benefit to the forensic science community. This would provide a temporal linkage between the blood of the perpetuator and the commission of a crime or it could be used to exclude evidence that does not correspond to the time a crime was committed. It was hypothesized that ex vivo RNA decay was …

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Reduction Of Natural Gas Engine Emissions Using A Novel Aftertreatment System, Timothy S. Burlingame Aug 2004

Reduction Of Natural Gas Engine Emissions Using A Novel Aftertreatment System, Timothy S. Burlingame

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The global objective of this study was to develop an exhaust aftertreatment system to reduce gaseous and particulate matter emissions from natural gas fueled vehicles. Specific objectives of this study were to evaluate and characterize emissions from a natural gas fueled vehicle powered by a Cummins C8.3G+ engine with and without the particulate matter (PM) filter and oxidation catalyst (OC) combination, which was designed and developed by West Virginia University in collaboration with Lubrizol-ECS. Central Business District (CBD) Cycle tests were performed on West Virginia University's Transportable Emissions Testing Laboratory. A heavy-duty transportable chassis dynamometer and a dedicated "clean" dilution …

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Particle Breakage In Sand Blasting Due To Impact On Ductile Materials, Ravi Kishore Bandaru Aug 2004

Particle Breakage In Sand Blasting Due To Impact On Ductile Materials, Ravi Kishore Bandaru

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cleaning of rust, paint or removing burrs and many other such applications are done by several processes. Sand blasting is one of them, where a stream of sand particles is forcefully projected onto a surface, with compressed air or steam. These sand particles break up into very small pieces upon impact, which are inhaled by workers to cause silicosis. While much research has been done on the surface being impacted, very little research has been done on the particle itself. Hence, proper analytical modeling of the sand blasting process from the particle perspective, validated by experimental results, is required to …

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Hydrologic Investigation Of Three Constructed Mitigation Wetlands And One Natural Wetland In West Virginia, Scott A. Copen Aug 2004

Hydrologic Investigation Of Three Constructed Mitigation Wetlands And One Natural Wetland In West Virginia, Scott A. Copen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The goal of this study was to increase the probability of success for future mitigation wetland projects by performing a hydrologic investigation at three constructed mitigation wetland sites and one natural reference wetland site. In addition, a numerical groundwater model was developed for a portion of one of the constructed mitigation wetlands.;Hydrologic, meteorologic, topographic, and geotechnical data were collected at three constructed mitigation wetlands and one reference natural wetland. Hydrologic data were collected using monitoring wells, piezometers, automated water level recorders, and a water level meter. Meteorologic data were obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's weather station in …

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Application Of Digital Infrared Thermography For Nondestructive Evaluation Of Composite Bridge Components, Archana Vasudevan May 2004

Application Of Digital Infrared Thermography For Nondestructive Evaluation Of Composite Bridge Components, Archana Vasudevan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this research is to evaluate the applicability of digital infrared thermographic system to detect subsurface defects such as debonds and delaminations in Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) bridge decks and other composite bridge components such as beams and columns wrapped with steel or FRP jacket.;This thesis investigates the use of digital infrared thermography on FRP bridge decks both under laboratory and field conditions. Air-filled and water-filled debonds were inserted between the wearing surface and the underlying FRP deck. Also, simulated subsurface delaminations (of various sizes and thickness) were created at the flange-to-flange junction between two FRP deck modules.;The …

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Knowledge And Dissemination Of Sustainable Agriculture Practices By County Extension Agents In Ohio, Pennsylvania, And West Virginia, Erin M. Hersman May 2004

Knowledge And Dissemination Of Sustainable Agriculture Practices By County Extension Agents In Ohio, Pennsylvania, And West Virginia, Erin M. Hersman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and preparation that Extension educators possess concerning the numerous dimensions of sustainable agriculture. From this information, a relationship between the amount of education that Extension educators receive about sustainable agriculture and the amount of information that Extension educators offer to their clientele about this topic was determined. Part-time agriculturalists were perceived to attend workshops/meetings based on sustainable agriculture practices, use more fact sheets or publications on the concepts of sustainable agriculture, and, in turn, apply more concepts of sustainable agriculture. Full-time agriculturalists were attending the workshops and/or meetings …

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Types Of Hardware And Software In Use And Problems Associated With Their Use In Secondary Agricultural Education Programs In West Virginia, David T. Aberegg May 2004

Types Of Hardware And Software In Use And Problems Associated With Their Use In Secondary Agricultural Education Programs In West Virginia, David T. Aberegg

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Microcomputers have become a vital tool in business, industry, and education. The level and the amount of education that students in West Virginia receive in secondary agricultural classes on microcomputers can affect their ability to compete for jobs and in college curriculums. For agriculture programs to produce quality graduates ready to meet the demands of today's work place, they must have up-to-date microcomputing hardware and software. This study examined the accessibility to computers by teachers of agriculture education in West Virginia. A survey was sent to 74 agriculture education departments in West Virginia. The results showed that most departments are …

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Brook Trout Bioenergetics And The Use Of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis For Proximate Composition, Marlin Keith Cox Ii May 2004

Brook Trout Bioenergetics And The Use Of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis For Proximate Composition, Marlin Keith Cox Ii

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Three aspects of a bioenergetics model were examined for brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the laboratory: (1) refinement of the metabolism parameter estimations, (2) calculation of activity rates and (3) subsequent validation of the brook trout model. An integral part of bioenergetics modeling is the initial inputs of predator and prey energy density from body composition estimations. We present bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a means of rapidly estimating body composition in fish and then adjusted variables that may affect these predictions. We also used this tool and applied it to a compensatory growth study. Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were …

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Teaching Intermediate -Level Technical And Musical Skills Through The Study And Performance Of Selected Piano Duets, Hooi Yin Boey May 2004

Teaching Intermediate -Level Technical And Musical Skills Through The Study And Performance Of Selected Piano Duets, Hooi Yin Boey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Piano duet playing is a unique type of performing because it is the only musical experience where two people play music written for a single instrument. Duet playing offers not only joy and fun in music making with a partner, but also provides substantial instructional benefits at all levels. Duet playing is especially valuable for young pianists because it helps them develop basic musicianship and ensemble skills at an earlier level. Teachers should recognize the importance of teaching piano duets to elementary and intermediate piano students.;The present study investigates ways to help late-elementary and intermediate students master intermediate-level technical and …

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Evaluation Of The Separation Involved In Recycling End-Of-Life (Eol) Electronic Equipment, Vivek Vasudevan May 2004

Evaluation Of The Separation Involved In Recycling End-Of-Life (Eol) Electronic Equipment, Vivek Vasudevan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research work focuses on a froth flotation technique to separate two specific EOL plastics, namely High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene copolymer (ABS).;The objective of this research was to investigate composition of keyboards and casings of personal computers, and other EOL components, as representative of post-consumer EOL equipment. The plastics were then characterized in terms of their density, qualitative composition and inorganic content.;The frother investigated in the froth flotation study was methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC), while oleic acid and dodecylamine hydrochloride were investigated as representative surfactants from the anionic and cationic groups, respectively. HIPS and ABS were …

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Software For Efficient File Elimination In Computer Forensics Investigations, Chad Werner Davis May 2004

Software For Efficient File Elimination In Computer Forensics Investigations, Chad Werner Davis

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Computer forensics investigators, much more than with any other forensic discipline, must process an ever continuing increase of data. Fortunately, computer processing speed has kept pace and new processes are continuously being automated to sort through the voluminous amount of data. There exists an unfulfilled need for a simple, streamlined, standalone public tool for automating the computer forensics analysis process for files on a hard disk drive under investigation. A software tool has been developed to dramatically reduce the number of files that an investigator must individually examine. This tool utilizes the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National …

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Media Concentration Of Ownership And Its Effects On Editorial Page Vigor Of West Virginia Daily Newspapers, Rita F. Counts Colistra May 2004

Media Concentration Of Ownership And Its Effects On Editorial Page Vigor Of West Virginia Daily Newspapers, Rita F. Counts Colistra

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examines the effects of media concentration of ownership on editorial page vigor of West Virginia daily newspapers that changed from independent to non-independent ownership from 1965 to present. A content analysis over two-time periods, a one-week constructed sample while under independent ownership and a one-week constructed sample after the newspaper changed to non-independent ownership, suggests that overall editorial page vigor does not change. However, data concerning editorial geographic focus and number of letters to the editor suggest an increase in vigor after moving to non-independent ownership. That is, the newspapers published more locally focused editorials and more letters …

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Multicultural Competence And Levels Of Effectiveness In Adventure -Based Counseling, David M. Cummins May 2004

Multicultural Competence And Levels Of Effectiveness In Adventure -Based Counseling, David M. Cummins

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The current study explored the relationship between adventure based counselor multicultural competency and their levels of effectiveness as perceived by youth at risk. The sample consisted of 22 counselors (19 White and 3 ethnic minority) who competed the Multicultural Knowledge and Awareness Scale and 86 youth at risk participants (52 White and 34 ethnic minority) who completed the Counselor Effectiveness Rating Scale. Analysis of the data suggests a very small negative relationship between multicultural competence of adventure based counselors and their levels of effectiveness as rated by the ethnic minority and White youth at risk participants. Limitations of the study …

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Teachers' Perceptions Of The Goals Of Secondary Schools Physical Education In State Of Kuwait, Obaid Alshammari May 2004

Teachers' Perceptions Of The Goals Of Secondary Schools Physical Education In State Of Kuwait, Obaid Alshammari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of the Kuwait physical education teachers relevant to the goals of the physical education program for secondary schools. Data were collected from a sample consisting of 200 (n = 200) physical education teachers teaching in six provinces in Kuwait. For data collection, a five-point Likert scale questionnaire, named "Kuwaiti Physical Education Goals" (KPEG) was designed. The instrument asked the participants to indicate the level of agreement with four categories of physical education goals. In addition, differences in teachers based on gender between physical education teachers' perceptions were investigated. An examination …

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Preservice General Education Teachers' Perceptions Of Special Education Training Needs, Kalie Renee Kossar May 2004

Preservice General Education Teachers' Perceptions Of Special Education Training Needs, Kalie Renee Kossar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study focused on the Five-Year-Teacher Education Program at West Virginia University. Specifically, preservice general education students were asked to complete a questionnaire titled Preservice Teacher Perception Questionnaire at three different times while completing the program. The PTPQ was administered after 80 hours in the field (N = 81), after 224 hours in the field (N = 66), and at the end of the program after completing 600 hours in the field (N = 71). The focus of the questionnaire was to gather data both about the preservice general education students' perceptions of students with disabilities and their perceptions of …

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